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最新外研版英语八年级下册知识点汇总

最新外研版英语八年级下册知识点总结

Module 1 Feelings and impressions

Unit 1

1. What a delicious smell? Smell:一股气味（可数名词）

_____ good advice! It’s so helpful to us. (what / How)

_____ interesting the story is! (What / How)

2. nice:adj. 美味的，友好的，令人愉快的

nice weather: 好天气

be nice to sb.:对某人友好

a nice trip: 一次令人愉快的旅行

The cookie tastes nice. 这块饼干尝起来美味。

3. would like 比want 语气更委婉。

----Would you like to stay here with us?

---- Yes, I’d like / love to.

4. lovely: 令人愉快的，可爱的修饰人或物

a lovely afternoon / girl

lively: 活泼的，生动的

a lively lesson:一堂生动的课

5. I’m afraid that + 从句: 恐怕（表示歉意或让对方失望的情况）

I’m afraid that I can’t come to your party tomorrow.

6. 1) a bit = a little:有点儿，有点后接/形容词/副词\形容词/副词的比较级

I feel a bit thirsty now.

After the rain, people feel a bit / a little cooler.

2) a little + 不可数名词：

There is a little time left.

a bit of + 不可数名词：

There is a bit of water in the bottle.

7. have a try: 试一试

have a / an + 名词

have a swim:游泳

have a break:休息

have a shower:洗沐浴

8. I have a sweet tooth. 我喜欢吃甜食。

9. be done: 做好了，完成了done: adj. 做好了的，完成了

10. be sure + 从句：Are you sure what you said?

Be sure of / about sth.: 对……确信

I’m sure of / about the telephone number.

be sure (not) to do. Sth.: 确保/ 务必（不）做某事

Be sure not to miss the early bus.

11. lucky day:幸运日

You’re a lucky boy. 你是一个幸运儿。

Good luck to you. 祝你好运。

Unit 2

1. thanks for = thank you for: 因……而感谢你

Thank you for your help.

Thank you for sending me photos. 2. message: 口信、信息（可数名词）

take a message:捎个口信

leave a message:留信

Information: 信息（不可数名词）

a piece of information ,

some information

3. hear from sb.

= get / receive a letter from sb. : 收到某人的来信

I heard from my uncle last week.

= I got / received a letter from my uncle last week.

4. can’t wait to do sth. : 等不及/ 迫不及待做某事

I can’t wait to open the present.

5. quite:

1) quite a / an + 形容词+ 名词

quite a nice boy:一个相当好的男孩。

2) quite 修饰动词时放在动词前

He quite likes maths. 他很喜欢数学。

very:

1) a very + 形容词+ 名词a very nice boy

2) very 与much合在一起修饰动词时，位于句末。

He likes English very much.

6. sound like: 听起来（像）

The music sounds very beautiful.

7. 1) sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth.:某人花费时间/钱做某事

Don’t spend too much time (in) playing computer games.

2) sb. spend some time / money on sth. :某人花时间/ 钱在某事/某物上

I spent ten yuan on this book.

Many people spned their free time on their hobbies.

8. be proud of sb. / sth. : 以某人/ 某事为自豪

Parents are proud of their children.

We’re proud of our country.

9. be good at sth. / doing sth.

= do well in sth. / doing sth. 擅长某事/ 做某事

I’m good at English / swimming.

= I do well in English / swimming.

10. How do you feel about…？

= What do you think of …?

= How do you like…？

How do you feel about the film?

= What do you think of the film?

11. in: 在多久之后，常用于将来时，对其提问用how soon

--- How soon will you leave Beijing?

--- I’ll come back in three days.

12. how to do things: 疑问词+ 不定式，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语1) I do n’t know what to do.

= I don’t know what I should do. （作宾语）

疑问词加不定式作宾语时可以转换成宾语从句。

2) When to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided. （作主语）

3) His dream is how to be a good scientist. （作表语）

4) I don’t know what to do.

= I don’t know how to do it.

13. 1) be afraid of sb. / sth. : 害怕某人/某物

I’m afraid of doctors / dogs.

2) be afraid of doing sth.: 害怕做某事

I’m afraid of flying / going out at night.

3) be afraid to do sth.: 害怕做某事

I’m afraid to swim across the river.

4) I’m afraid that: 恐怕

I’m afraid that you must study hard.

语法：表示感觉和知觉的系动词也称感官系动词

1. 五个表示感觉和知觉的系动词与眼、耳、口、鼻、手相关系。

look, sound, taste, smell, feel + 形容词

He feels tired after work.

2. 感官系动词后可接介词like, like后常接名词。

His idea sounds like fun .

3. 感官系动词的句型结构与be 不同，其否定形式和疑问形式要借助动词do。

The food tastes delicious.

变成否定句→ The food doesn’t taste delicious.

变成一般疑问句→ Does the food taste delicious?

4. 持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay

The weather will keep warm for 7 days.

5. 变化系动词有become, grow, turn, get, go等。

书面表达

在英语学习中，与北京阳光中学的同学朝夕相处，其中Daniel的善良和助人为乐等优秀品质给我们留下了深刻的印象。请根据下面提示，用英语写一篇短文。

提示：1.Personality: helpful—help old woman cross the road kind—work at the Helping Hands Club

creative—creative a TV programme

点拨：人物介绍（年龄、外貌、身份、性格）→ 典型事例（性格、品质）→人物评价（喜爱、夸赞）

My friend Daniel

My friend Daniel comes from Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. He has a round face and often wears a pair of glasses. He is good at playing computer games, but he dislikes sports. He has many good personal qualities. He is helpful. He often helps his classmates with the homework. He also helps old woman cross the road. He is kind to others. He works at the Helping Hands Club. He is creative. For example, he can create a TV programme. He is generous to his friends. He likes to share his things with them. So I want to be a person like Daniel from now on and get on well with everyone.

Module 2 Experiences

Unit 11. 1) enter = take part in = join in 参加

enter a competition: 参加比赛

2) enter = come / go into 进入

Please enter the classroom.

2. ever: 曾经、从来，用于现在完成时的一疑问句、否定句。

1) Have / Has sb. ever + done sth. ? 某人曾经做过某事吗？

Have you ever entered a club?

2) ever用于否定句，not ever = never 从来

She hasn’t ever entered any competitions.

3. before adv. 以前, 与现在完成时连用; 也可与一般过去时/一般现在时连用,位于句末。

She has never been to Beijing before.

Turn off the light before you leave the room.

He came back before 10 o’clock last night.

4. 1) afford: 买得起、付得起，常与can, could, be able to 连用。

The house is too expensive. I can’t afford it.

2) afford后跟动词不定式作宾语，

can afford to / do sth.: 有能力支付做某事\ buy sth.: 买得起某物

I can afford to visit Shanghai this year.

He is very poor and can’t afford to buy a house in the city.

5. That’s a pity. What a pity! 真遗憾！

It’s a pity that: 太可惜了

It’s a pity that you can’t come to the party.

6. here , there , out, in 等表示方位的副词开头的句子中，主语是名词，句子要全部倒装；

如果主语是代词，句子则要部分倒装。

Here is a gift for you. Here comes the bus. (主语是名词)

Here it is. Here you are. (主语是代词)

7. 不定式短语在句中作目的状语，位于句首或句中。

To catch the early bus, I get up early. (位于句首，其后有逗号)

He studied hard to pass the exam. (位于主句后即句末)

8. She worried about her future. = She _____ _______ about her future.

9. make up: 编造，组成Can you make up a story?

be made up of: 由……组成

The basketball team is made up of 20 players.

10. 1) I hope that (宾语从句) 表示祝愿:

I hope that my dream will come true.

2) hope / wish to do sth.: I wish to become a doctor in the future.

3) wish sb. to do sth.: I wish you to come to my birthday party.

11. 1) invite sb. to do sth.: 邀请某人做某事

Lily invited me to see a film yesterday.

2) invite sb. to someplace: 邀请某人去某地

I’ll invite Lilly to my p arty.

Unit 2

1. 数词-名词-形容词：合成/复合形容词，其中的名词必须用单数形式，只能放在名词前做定语，不能作表语。

Tom is an eight-year-old boy. Tom is eight years old.

2. one of + the 形容词最高级+ 名词复数形式：最……之一

The Yangze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.

3. move to sp.: 搬到某地

They are moving to Beijing in a month.他们一个月后要搬到北京。4. 1) send sb. to do sth.: 派遣某人做某事

They sent some scientists to work in Beijing.

2) send sb. to a place: 派某人去某地The school sent Tom to Guilin.

3) send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.: 送/ 寄给某人某物

I sent Lily a book. = I sent a book to Lily.

5. the + 姓氏s ……一家人，……夫妇, 其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

The Smiths are having dinner now.

6. 1) has / have been to: 去过某地(表示经历)，人现在已回来，常与ever, never，次数等连用。

I have been to Beijing twice. 我已去过北京两次了。

2) has /have gone to: 去某地了（表示此人不在这儿），不能用于第三人称。

--- May I speak to Li Tao? 我可以和地涛通话吗？

--- Sorry. He has gone to Beijing. 很抱歉。他去北京了。

3) has / have been in: 住在/在，是延续性动词短语，可以与时间段连用。He has been in Shanghai / for ten years.\ since he worked .

7. be different from: 与……不同His bike is different from mine.

8. in many ways: 在许多方面In many ways, they do better than us.

9. think / find / feel it + adj.(形容词) to do sth.: 觉得/ 认为/感觉做某事……

I think it important to learn English well.

I find it boring to play computer games.

10. so far= up to now: 到目前为止，常与现在完成时连用,位于句首或句末。

We have planted 2,000 trees so far.

So far I have learned 10,000 words.

11. mix ……with……：把……和……混和在一起

We can sometimes mix business with pleasure. 我们有时可以把工作和娱乐结合起来。

12. 1) ask sb. (not) to do sth.: 要求/ 让某人（不）做某事

Tom asked his mother to wake him up at seven o’clock.

2) ask sb. about sth.: 向某人询问有关某事

ask ab. for sth.: 向某人要某物

Tom asked me about the homework. I asked Tom for a book.

话题写作：

请你介绍一下游览北京的经历，内容如下：

1.北京在中国的北方，每年有很多人到北京旅游；

2.来过北京多次，跑遍了北京城；

3.爬过长城，到过颐和园(the Summer Palace)和故宫(the Palace Museum);

4.拍下了很多照片，与外国人用英语交谈过。

Beijing is in the north of China. There are many places of interest there.

A lot of people come to visit Beijing every year. I have been to Beijing many times. I have traveled around Beijing. I have climbed the Great Wall. I have visited the Summer Palace and the Palace Museum. I have also had conversation with foreigners and I have taken lots of photos. It was an interesting experience. I had a good time there.

Module3 Journey to space

Unit 1

1. What are you up to? = What are you doing ? up to:忙于

2. 1) just: 刚刚，用于现在完成时，位于助动词后，实义动词前。

The train has just left.

2) just now = a moment ago 刚才，常与一般过去时连用，位于句末。

I saw an old friend just now.

3. yet: 1) 用于现在完成时的疑问句中，位于句末，意为“已经”。Have you finished your homework yet?

2) 用于现在完成时的否定句中，位于句末，意为“还没有”，not…yet

I have not seen the film yet. 我还没看过这部电影。

already:已经，用于现在完成时的肯定句中，位于助动词has / have 后,有时位于句末。

I have already finished my homework.

I have seen the film already.

4. the latest news: 最新的消息

5. That’s why……: 那就是……的原因why在此引导的是表语从句。

My bike was broken. That’s why I was late for school.

6. discover: 发现本已存在的客观事物、科学上的新发现。

Columbus discovered America. 哥伦布发现了美洲。

7. 1) no one = nobody 没有人, 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，只指人，不能指物。

No one likes this kind of book.

2) None: 可以接of短语，既可以指人也可以指物。

None of the coats is red.

8. in order to do sth.:为了做某事,表目的，位于句首或句中,可与so as to do sth.相互转换。

He got up early in order to catch the first bus.

= In order to catch the first bus, he got up early.

9. 1) one day: 某一天（过去/ 将来），用过去/ 将来时

I’ll realize my dream one day

2) some day: 某一天（将来），用一般将来时

I’ll travel around the world some day.

3) The other day: 几天前（过去），用一般过去时

I met an old friend in the street the other day.

Unit 2

1. there be 就近原则：be 动词与和它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

there be 的一般将来时结构为：

there will be 或There is / are going to be

There isa bank and some pens on the desk.

There will be / is going to be a football match tomorrow.

2. on the earth: 在地球上

on earth: 究竟、世界上Who on earth won the match?

3. go around: 围绕……运行The earth goes around the sun.

4. a group of: 一群/ 组……，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

She has a group of friends.

5. possible:可能的— impossible:不可能的polite:礼貌的— impolite:不礼貌的

6. adj. / adv. + enough to do sth.:

Your brother is old enough to go to school.

This book isn’t easy enough for me to read.

7. 介词短语作状语。With a smile on her face, she came in.

8. alone: adj. 独自的、单独的adv. 单独地、独自地

lonely: adj. 孤独的、寂寞的

He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.

9. communicate with sb.: 与某人交流n. communication交流

We need to communicate with our parents at home.

语法：

1. 现在完成时常与already, yet, just, before, recently等词连用。

She has just arrived in China.

I haven’t seen him recently.

We have seen the film before.

2. 现在完成时常与ever, never, twice 等连用。

Have you ever been to Beijing?

I have been to Guilin twice.

话题写作：

随着时代的进步、科技的发展，人们的生活发生了日新月异的变化。未来的生活将会是什么样子的呢？谁都无法预料。请发挥想象，谈一谈未来的日子里，将有哪些不可思议的变化。如：很多事情由机器人或计算机完成、在家购物、足不出户旅行……请以“The life we can’t imagine”为题写一篇短文。

The life we can’t imagine

What do you think of the life in the future will be like?

In the future there will be more computers in our houses. Computers will help us to know a lot about the world. We will be able to talk by e-mail. Scientists will make many robots. Robots can help us do the cleaning, cooking and washing. We can do some shopping or see a doctor without going out of our houses.

The life in the future will be very good. For this, we will study hard and turn our ideas into reality. I believe we will be able to do this.

Module 4 Seeing the doctor

Unit 1

1. How can I help you? = What can I do for you? 有什么事？

2. ill: 只作表语

Tom was ill yesterday. He has been ill for 4 days.

sick: 可作表语或定语The mother is looking after her sick son.

3. My head hurts.

= I have got a headache.= I have a pain in my head. 我头痛。4. have / catch a cold: 感冒have a bad cold:患重感冒have a high / lowfever:发高/ 低烧

have a cough: 咳嗽

have a toothache:牙痛

5. take one’s temperature: 给某人量体温

Have you taken your temperature?

6. exercise: 1) 锻炼、运动，为不可数名词。

We should do / tale some exercise every day.

2) 练习、作业、体操，为可数名词。

Doing morning exercises is good for your health.

I have two exercises to do today.

7. since: 1) 作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时。

现在完成时+ since +句子（一般过去时）

He has lived here since he was 10 .

2) 作介词，后跟时间点She has worked here since 2010.

for: 计、达，后跟一段时间（时间段）

I have worked here for 14 years.

8. 1) be harmful to = be bad for 对……有害

Smoking is harmful to you. = Smoking is bad for you.

2) do harm to sb. / sth.: 伤害某人/ 某物

Staying up late does harm to our body.

3) It’s harmful to do sth.: 做某事是有害的

It’s harmful to read i n the sun.

9. once a week: 一周一次twice a year:一年两次

这些表示频率的短语，对其提问用how often.

--- How often do you go swimming?

--- Three times a week.

10. 提问一段时间用how long.

--- How long have you been in Guilin?

--- For three years.

Unit 2

1. I feel well. 我感觉身体好。well= fine

2. active: adj. 积极的、活跃的

Tony was very active at the party last night.

take an active part in: 积极参加

Tony always takes an active part in the English club.

3. by: 介词，通过by doing sth.:通过某各方式

My sister learns English by listening to English songs.

4. Mr. Green bought the car last year. (改为现在完成时的句子) Mr. Green has had the car for a year.

5. feel / keep healthy = feel / keep fit 感到/ 保持健康

6. take part in = join in 参加活动

join in the discussion / the sports meeting

join: 加入党派、团体、组织，成为其中一员

join the army / the Party

join sb. in sth. / doing sth.: Will you join us in playing basketball?

7. be in excellent condition: 健康状况很好be in trouble:处于困境

He is in trouble and needs our help.

8. for / in the last few weeks / months / years: 在过去的几周/ 月/ 年里，常与现在完成时连用。

I have learnt lots of English words in the last few weeks.

9. sleepy adj. 欲睡的、想睡的I often feel sleepy in class.

asleep adj. 睡着的、睡熟的fall asleep:入睡、睡着

I felt sleepy and fell asleep soon.

10. daily = everyday adj. 日常的、天天的in daily life:在日常生活中

11. weak: 虚弱的、弱的Tom is a little weak.

be weak in: 在……方面差

I am weak in maths but good at Chinese.

12. feel awful: 感到不舒服

The weather is awful / terrible today. 极坏的、坏透了

13. all over: 浑身、到处

I’m black and whiteall over. 我浑身青一块紫一块。

all over 指“遍布”与around 同义：

all over the world = all around the world

14. too + adj. to do sth.: 太……而不能做某事，可以与not …enough to do sth 及

So…that的否定结构互换。

His brother is too young to join the army.

= His brother is not old enough to join the army.

= His brother is so young that he can’t join the army.

语法：

短暂性动词转换成延续性动词。

buy → have / own borrow → keep begin / start → be on go → be away die → be dead join → be in / be a member of leave → be away marry → be married return → be back open → be open go there → be there come here → be here get to know → know catch a cold → have a cold

put on → wear / be on

I have kept that book for two months.

How long have you had the camera?

话题写作：

假如你是Tom,你在美国的朋友Tony生病了，请你写一封电子邮件，并告诉他做如下事情：see a doctor; eat healthy food; have more fruit and vegetables; get enough sleep; stay happy.

Dear Tony,

I’m sorry to hear you are ill. You have a fever and had a headache. You should see a doctor first. Then you drink more water, eat healthy food, and have more fruit and vegetables. You should get enough sleep and stay happy. You shouldn’t study when you are too tired. It’s not good for your health. I hope you’ll be better soon.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Tom

Module 5 Cartoon stories

Unit 1

1. 1) It’s time to do sth. = It’s time for sth. 该做某事的时候了

It’s time to have lunch. = It’s time for lunch.

It’s time to go to school. = It’s time for school.

2) It’s time for sb. to do sth.: 该到某人做某事的时候了。

It’s time for us to have a rest.

3) There is no time to do sth. 没时间做某事。

There is no time to have breakfast.

2. 穿过：You must be careful when you walk across the road.

The river runs through the city.

The moonlight goes through the window and makes the room bright.

3. fight: 1) fight sb.: 打某人Don’t fight the other students.

2) fight with / against sb.: 与……打架、同……并肩作战

Tom is fighting with Tony in the classroom.

3) fight for: 为……而战（和平、自由、国家）

They fight for peace / freedom / their country.

4) have a fight with sb. = fight with sb. 与某人打架

4. climb up: 往上爬、爬上

They need to climb up the trees with ladders.

5. someone: 某人、有人，多用于肯定句中，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

否定或疑问句中用anyone.

In the dark someone was following her.

I can’t find anyone to help me.

6. 1) keep doing sth.: 一直做某事

The little baby keeps crying all night.

2) keep sb. / sth. + adj.: 使……处于某种状态

Keep your hands clean. Keep your eyes closed.

3) keep sb. doing sth.: 使某人一直做某事

I’m sorry to keep you waiting for 2 hours.

4) keep + adj.: 保持keep healthy / clean

7. 否定转移：从句中的否定习惯上转移到主句上，类似的词有believe, guess, think等。

I don’t think he will come. I don’t believe he is right.

8. can’t help doing sth. = can’t stop doing sth: 情不自禁做某事

He couldn’t help crying when he heard the news.

9. protect sb. / sth. from/against sth.: 保护某人/ 某物免受……的伤害。Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun.

Parents try to protect their children from danger.

10. lesson: 课、教训teach sb. a lesson:给某人一个教训

It’s a lesson to us all. 这对我们大家来说是个教训。

Unit 2

1. win the heart of sb.: 赢得某人的喜欢

Beijing Opera wins the hearts of the old people.

She won the heart of everyone in the theatre.

2. everywhere = here and there 到处、处处

Her books are everywhere.

anywhere: 任何地方You can go anywhere interesting if you like.

3. 1) lead sb. to do sth.: 带领某人做某事

He leads his team to fight against the enemy.

2) lead to:通向、导致

All roads lead to Rome. 条条道路通罗马。

I don’t think it will lead to a good result.

4. be in a mess: 混乱

make a mess: 弄乱、搞糟

What a mess! 多么混乱啊！

5. except: 1) expect to do sth.: 期望做某事I expect to pass the exam.

2) expect sb. to do sth.:期望某人做某事

Everyone expected us to win the match but we lost.

3) expect sth.: He is expecting her letter.

6. experience: 经历（可数名词）

Please tell us your experiences in America.

经验（不可数名词）He is a man of rich / much experience.

He has rich experience in this kind if work.

7. copy: 1) n. 一本、一册（可数名词）

He is reading a copy of the daily newspaper.

2) v. 复制、抄袭Don’t copy Tom’s homework.

Would you copy this letter for me ,please?

8. 表示某人多大岁生日时，用序数词；表示年龄时用基数词。

Today is Lingling’s tenth / 10th birthday.

Lingling is ten years old.

9. own: 1) adj. 自己的one’s own:某人自己的

This is my own bike.

2) v. 拥有He owns three houses.

10. private adj. 私人的，个人的

private car:私家车

private house / letter

Personal adj. 个人的（个人的感情、情绪、情感）

personal feeling：个人感觉

11. 1) satisfy: v. 使满意、满足

We always satisfy our customers with good service. 顾客

2) be satisfied with sth.: 对……感到满意

She is satisfied with her son’s answer.

12. 1) A as well as B: 不仅……而且，既……又，还，强调的是前者，

翻译时先译后者，再译前者；谓语动词与as well as前的主语保持一致（就远原则）。

Tom’s parents as well as Tom like swimming.

He speaks English as well as Chinese. 他不仅会说汉语还会说英语。

2) not only …but also…: 不仅……而且……，强调的是后者（就近原则）Not only you but also your brother is very kind to me.

She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅演奏得好，还会作曲。

话题写作：守株待兔

a Passive Attitude

Once upon a time there was a farmer who worked hard. One day when he was hoeing, he suddenly heard a low sound “peng”. He turned and hurried to the tree. He found a rabbit dying. He picked up the rabbit and was excited. Then he said to himself, “Why can’t I wait for more rabbits here? It’s cool under the tree.” So he dropped off his hoe and waited there. But day after day, there were no more rabbits coming. What was worse, all his crops were dead.

Module 6 Hobbies

Unit 1

1. a little + 不可数名词：有点儿、少量的

There is only a little meat in the fridge.

a bit of + 不可数名词：有点儿、少量的I need a bit of water.

2. have a look:看一看，后跟宾语时，要加介词at.

have a look at = look at

Have a look at the picture. = Look at the picture.

3. most of + 代词宾格或most of + 限定词+ 名词作主语时，谓语动词的数由most后面的代词或名词决定。

Most of my storybooks are very interesting.

Most of us like English.

Most of her money was stolen. 她的大部分钱被偷了。

4. must:表示肯定的推测，“一定、肯定”。表示否定的推测时用can’t, “不可能”。

The restaurant must be very good. It’s always full of people.

That girl can’t be Lily. Lily is much taller.

5. as + 形容词/ 副词的原级+ as : 和……一样

His English isas good as mine. He drivesas well as his father. 6. 用：1) with:用具体有形的东西（工具）I write a letter with a pen.

2) in:用语言、声音、原材料Can you speak in a loud voice?

3) by:用/ 通过……用段或方式The girl made money by selling flowers.

7. 形容词修饰不定代词时后置：I have something important to tell you.

Unit 2

1. 1) some……others……：一些……另一些……

Some students like watching TV and others like going online.

2) one ……the other……：一个……，另一个……（范围是两者）There are only two students in the classroom. One is reading and the other is drawing.

I have two pens. One is red and the other is black.

2. make sb. do sth.: 使某人做某事一感、二听、三让、四看

We made the little girl laugh at last.

3. develop: v. 培养、提高、发展、形成、长大

This lesson will help you develop your writing skills. 这节课有助于提高你的写作能力。

We should develop good living habits. 我们应该养成好的生活习惯。

4. during = in: 在……期间、在……时间内

I woke up three times during / in the night.

5. as well as:除了……外（还有），可用besides代替。

I have a few English books as well as / besides this .

I study Japanese as well as English. 除了英语外，我还学日语。

6. encourage sb. to do sth.: 鼓励某人做某事

My parents always encourage me to study hard.

7. come out: 出版、发行、（花儿）开放、出来

When will his new book come out?

Spring comes and the flowers start to come out.

The result will come out three days later.

8. as a result = so 结果、因此、

She didn’t study hard and as a result, she didn’t pass the exam.

Tom studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam.

9. 1) Pleasure: 愉悦、愉快It’s my pleasure. = My pl easure. 不客气（回答感谢）。

2) with pleasure. 十分愿意（回答请求）

--- Will you please open the window?

--- With pleasure.

10. success n. 成就、成功

Failure is the mother success. 失败乃成功之母。

successful adj. 成功的

successfully adv. 成功地

succeed v. 成功

He finished the work successfully. He is a successful writer. Don’t give up. You know hard work leads to success.

He succeeded in finishing the work at last. 他终于成功完成了那项工作。

Zhang Lin

话题写作：

My Hobbies

I have many hobbies, such as sports, singing, playing the violin and keeping a diary.

At school, I often hear the PE teacher say sports are good for our health and will make us live longer. So I like sports very much. I go running at five o’clock in the afternoon. I play table tennis with my friends. These sports have kept me healthy.

At home, I like singing and playing the violin. I hope I will be a singer and violinist when I grow up. In order to reach these goals, I go to the teacher’s home for a lesson every Saturday and practice singing. Of all my hobbies, I like reading books best. In my bedroom there are lots of books. When I grow up, I will serve the people with the knowledge I have learnt.

Module 7 Summer in Los Angeles

Unit 1

1. 1) prepare for sth. = be / get ready for sth. 为某事做准备

They are preparing for a test. = They are getting ready for a test. 2) prepare to do sth. = be / get ready to do sth. 准备做某事

My mother is preparing to cook lunch.

2. make a list:列清单Let’s make a shopping list.

3. 1) crazy adj. 发疯的、荒唐的

You are crazy to buy the watch at such a high price.

2) be crazy about:对……着迷The boys are crazy about Jay Chou.

3) drive sb. crazy:使某人发疯、疯狂迷恋

Things almost drive me crazy. 这些东西差点把我弄疯。

4. what to take = what I should take 疑问词+不定式作宾语=宾语从句These dressed are very beautiful. I can’t decide which one to buy.

5. at the end of: 在……末端/ 尽头/ 后期/ 结束（时间/ 地点）There is a park at the end of the street.

My birthday is at the end of June.

6. 英语中成双成对的名词：shorts, trousers, glasses, /socks, shoes. 其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由pair修饰作主语时，谓语动词单复数由pair决定。

My sunglasses are in the bag.

Two pairs of shoes are enough.

How much isthis pair of sunglasses?

7. light: 轻的--- heavy: 重的light:浅色的---- dark: 深色的Light music can make people relaxed. 轻音乐能使人放松。

This sweater is light blue. 这件毛衣是浅蓝色的。

8. 表示时间、金钱、价格、长度、学科的名词以s结尾等词作主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是很长一段时间。

Maths is my favourite subject.

Ten kilometers is very far.

9. else: 作后置定语疑问词/ 不定代词+ else

other: 作前置定语other + 名词复数

What else can you see?

The other students are playing basketball now.

10. 1) weigh: v. 重、称……的重量He weighs 50 kilos.

Please weigh the bananas.

2) n. weight 重量put on weight: 长胖lose weight: 减肥

11. total adj. 总的、全部的，只用作定语。近义词为whole

The total score is one hundred. In total: 总共、总计

12. 1) by the way: 顺便说/ 问一下，为插入语，用以引出题外的话语。

2) on one’s way to: 在某人去……的路上I’m on my way to school.

3) in the way: 挡道Don’t stand in the way. 不要挡路。

13. have a great / nice / good time = enjoy oneself = have great fun 玩得开心

I have a good time in China. = I enjoy myself in China.

14. write to sb. = write a letter to sb. 给某人写信

I will write to you soon. = I will write a letter to you soon.

15. ---- Buy me some flowers for your mother on Mother’s Day.

---- Yes, I will. 祈使句表示的动作是尚末发生的动作，应答上句的祈使句，答语用助动词will 表示将来。

Unit 2

1. 1) offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物

He offered me a cup of tea. = He offered a cup of tea to me.

2) offer to do sth.：主动提出做某事

Tom offered to help me with my English.

2. at the same time: 同时

The little girl sings and dances at the same time.

3. last: v. 持续last (for) + 一段时间，for可省略

The film lasted (for) three hours.

4. depend on: 依靠、依赖、取决于

Our success depends on hard work. 我们的成功取决于艰苦的工作。You can’t always depend on your parents.

Whether I’ll go to Shanghai depends on the result of the exam.

5. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 提供给某人某物/ 为某人提供某物

The school has provided students with free books.

= The school has provided free books for students.

6. progress: 进步（不可数名词），其前可用much, great, some, good等词修饰。

make much / great progress in sth.: 在某方面取得很大的进步

I have made great progress in English.

7. experience v. 经历、体验experience life in :在……体验生活

I want to experience life in the countryside.

8. form / make a friendship / friendships with sb.: 与某人建立友谊

The teacher makes close friendships with his students.

9. stay in touch with sb. = keep in touch with sb.：与某人保持联系We’ll stay in touch with each other after graduation. 毕业

10. if: if引导的条件状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时、祈使句、含有

情态动词时，从句要用一般现在时，即“主将从现”。

I will visit my friend if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

Don’t get off the bus if it doesn’t stop.

You can have another apple if you are very hungry.

11. prefer = like … better

1) prefer A to B: 比起B来更喜欢A I prefer English to Chinese.

2) prefer to do sth.: 宁愿做某事I prefer to stay at home today.

3) prefer doing sth. to doing sth.: 喜欢做某事胜过某事

I prefer swimming to playing basketball. 我喜欢游泳胜过打篮球。

12. at least:至少at most:至多

The hall can hold at least 2,000 people. 这个大厅至少能容纳两千人。You should at least be polite. 你至少应该有礼貌。

13. 1) fill in / out a form: 填表

2) fill … with…:用……把……装满（表动作）

He filled the bags with books.

3) be filled with = be full of : 充满、装满（表状态）

The glass is filled with water. = The glass is full of water.

话题写作：

假设你是张林，你的美国笔友Bob来信询问你的暑假计划，现在请你写一封回信，告诉他你将在爷爷奶奶家度过这个假期。

注意：1.至少写出你将要做的三件事；

2.回信不少于80词，信的开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Bob,

The summer vacation is coming soon. After a tiring school year, I’m going to relax myself. I will spend my vacation with my grandparents. I will stay with them for about three weeks. Of course, I am going to help them do some housework. Perhaps we will take some short trips. Besides, I am going to visit some of my friends and relatives.

I think we will have a happy time together. What’s more, I will be a senior student in a new term, so I am going to make some preparations. How will you spend your holiday?

Best wishes to you.

Yours,

Module 8 Time off

Unit 1

1. 1) v. 欢迎welcome to sp.:

Welcome to Beijing. Welcome here.

2) n. 欢迎give a warm welcome: 热烈欢迎某人

They gave us a warm welcome.

3) adj. 受欢迎的、不必感谢的He is a welcome teacher.

--- Thank you. ---- You’re welcome. 不用谢。

2. 1) so … that …：如此……以致……，引导结果状语从句。可与too…to…和形/副词+ enough to相互转化。

He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.

He ran so quickly that we couldn’t catch up with him. 赶上

2) so that:以便、为了、目的是，引导目的状语从句。可与in order that/ in to + v.相互转化。

He works hard so that he can make a lot of money. 他努力工作为了挣许多钱。

= He works hard in order to make a lot of money.

3. hear sb. do sth. 听到某了做了某事

I often hear her play the piano.

hear sb. doing sth.: 听到某人正在做某事

I heard them singing in the room just now.

4. 1) hardly = almost not 几乎不，位于be动词/助动词/ 情态动词后，

行为动词前。

I can hardly finish the work.

She hardly ate anything last night.

2) hard adv. 努力地He works hard every day.

hard adj. 艰艰苦的、硬的He lives a hard life.

5. be famous for: 因……而闻名Yantai is famous for its apples.

be famous as: 以/ 作为……而出名He is famous as an actor.

6. take up: 占据（时间/空间）

Which hobby do you think takes upthe least time?你认为哪种业务爱好占的时间最少？

The big box takes up too much room. 这个大盒子占了太多的空间。

7. point out: 指出Please point out the mistakes.

point to: 指着（远距离）He pointed to the hill.

point at: 指着（近距离）Don’t point at people with a finger.

8. sight n. 名胜、风景（人文景观或历史遗址为主的景观）

see the sights:游览名胜

Do you know the sights of Beijing?

9.1) allow sb. to do sth.:允许某人做某事

My parents allow me to watch TV at weekends.

2) allow doing sth.:允许做某事Our teachers allow playing here.

3) sb. be allowed to do sth.:某人被允许做某事

Students are not allowed to smoke at school. 学生不允许在学校吸烟。

10. 1) waste v. 浪费We shouldn’t waste water.

2) waste time / money (in) doing sth.: 浪费时间/金钱做某事

Waste time / money on sth.: 在某事/某物上浪费时间/金钱

Don’t waste your time (in) playing computer games.

Too many students waste time on TV.

3) n. 废物、垃圾Don’t throw away waste everywhere.

Unit 2

1. 1) promise to do sth.: 许诺/答应做某事

My father promised to buy a bike for me.

2) promise sb. sth.: 许诺某人某物

My mother promised me a new watch.

3) promise that 从句：答应、保证

My parents promised that they would buy me a computer.

4) make a promise:许下诺言

keep a promise:遵守诺言

break a promise:不守信

2. while conj. 而、然而，表示对比

I like music while he likes sports.

He is tall while his brother is short.

3. wake sb. up: 把某人叫醒Mum, wake me up at seven o’clock.

4. move about: 四处走动、到处旅行

move away:离开、搬开move in: 迁入

Sit down, Tom. Don’t move about. move on:继续向前移动

5. 现在分词作后置定语，所表示的动作与前面的逻辑主语之间是“主动”关系；过去分词作后置定语，所表示的动作与前面的逻辑主语之间是“被动”关系。

Do you know the boystanding under the tree. （主动）

I like the bookswritten by Lu Xun. （被动）

6. above: 在……之上、在……斜上方，既不接触又不垂直，仅是高于某物。

over: 在……之上，盖在……上面，一般指垂直，且不接触。

There is a bridge over the river.

The plane is flying above the clouds.

7. pull:拉--- push:推

Pull the door open. 把门拉开。Pull down:拉倒、拆毁

8. I’m / was sorry…：当听说别人糟遇不幸时，用此句表示对别人同情。

I was sorry to hear that he had a bad cold last week.

9. I wish you were here! 虚拟语气

Wish后的宾语从句用一般过去时表示与现在的事实相反的假设，be 动词都用were.

I wish I were as strong as you.

I wish I were with you now. 语法：

1. 常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词是：believe, expect, promise, think, tell, hope, wish, remember, forget等。

I hope (that) everyone will have a happy family.

2. 主句的谓语是由“be + 形容词（afraid / glad / sure / sorry）”等构成的系表结构时，后面常接that 引导的宾语从句。

I’m sure (that) she’ll write to me soon.

I’m sorry (that) he isn’t here right now.

3. 宾语从句的时态：

1) 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

I remember that he gave me a book yesterday.

He has told me that he will visit Guilin tomorrow.

2) 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等）。

He told me that he would take part in the high jump.

3) 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时。

He told me that the earth is round.

Module 9 Friendship

Unit 1

1. 打电话用语：

1) 您是哪位？Who is that? / Who is (that) calling, please?

2) 我是……。This is sb. / This is sb. speaking.

3) 请别挂断电话：Hold on, please. / Hold the line , please.

4) 电话线繁忙/不通/占线：The line is busy / bad.

2. have a problem with sb. / sth.: 与某人之间有问题/矛盾、在……方

面有问题/困难

Tom said that he had a problem with his father.

Do you have a problem with your English study?

3. 1) seperate … from…：把……和……分开（把混在一起的东西分开）Bob will seperate the bad apples from the good ones.

2) get seperated:分开，是终止性动词短语，不能与时间段连用。

be separated:分开，是延续性动词短语，可与时间段连用。

We got separated one week ago.

= We have been separated for one week.

4. 1) explain sth. to sb.: 向某人解释某事不能使用explain sb. sth.的结

构。

The teacher explained the maths problem to his studens.

2) explain that(宾语从句):

Peter explained that he would get there on time.

3) explain + 疑问词+ to do sth.:

Father explained that he would go there on time.

5. 1) mention sth. to sb.: 向某人提及某事不能使用mention sb. sth.的

结构。

Don’t mention this problem to her this evening.

2) mention + that(宾语从句):

Tom mentions that he often sees Peter in the library.

3) Don’t mention it. = You’re welcome. = Not at all. 别客气、不用谢。

6. refuse to do sth.:拒绝做某事

The students refuse to try the healthy food.

Refuse sb. sth.: 拒绝某人某事The bank refused him the loan. 贷款7. treat …as = see… as = regard …as 把……看作

Don’t treat me as a child. We treat him as our leader.

8. 1) be / feel sure of oneself: 自信、满怀信心

He is not sure of himself these days.

2) be / feel sure of sth.: 确定某事、对某事有把握

I am / feel sure of his success.

3) be sure to do sth.: 一定They are sure to succeed.

9. regret: v. 遗憾、懊悔，后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词作宾语。

I didn’t regret the choice (that I made).

1) regret to do sth.:很抱歉/遗憾地做某事（事情还没有做）

I regret to tell you that you can’t pass the exam.

2) regret doing sth: 后悔/遗憾做了某事

Kate regretted selling her old house.

10.1) be patient with sb.:对某人有耐心

Teachers should be patient with their students.

2) be patient of sth.: 对某事有耐心Tom is patient of the trouble. 11. make friends with sb.: 与某人交朋友

He likes making friends with others.

12.1) introduce sb./ sth. to sb.: 把某人/某物介绍给某人，没有introduce sb. sth.结构

I introduced my sister to Lily.

2) introduce oneself:自我介绍Can you introduce yourself?

13. No problem. 不用谢。/没关系。/没问题。

1) --- Thank you very much.

2) --- I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.

--- No problem. --- No problem.

Unit 2

1. every time = each time 每次，引导一个时间状语从句。

Every / Each time I borrow money from him, he says he is poor.

2. talk to sb. about sth.: 与某人谈论有关某事

Let’s talk to him about the picnic.

3. worry about sb. / sth. = be worried about sb. / sth. 担心某人/某事

4. in silence:安静地He looked at the pictures on the wall in silence.

silent: adj. 沉默的、无声的、寂静的He is a silent boy.

keep silent: 保持安静keep silence: 保持沉默

5. touch n. 接触、碰到I felt a touch on my back.

v. 触摸、碰Don’t touch the machine. It’s dangerous.

6. bright adj. 明亮的、欢快的、聪明的

The light goes through the window and makes the room bright.

The boy is so bright that he can answer many hard questions. 7. treasure: n. 意为“珍宝“时为可数名词，意为”财富“时为不可数名词。These are the nation’s art treasure s.

treasure: v. 珍惜I treasure your friendship.

8. change one’s life: 改变某人的生活

change one’s mind:改变某人的主意

Change… into …: 把……变成……

change A for B：用A换B

The fridge can change water into ice.

9. trust sb. = believe in sb. 信任某人believe sb.:相信某人的话

We have always trusted him. No one trusts him except himself. 10. include v. 包括

The price includes the house and the furniture. 家俱

Including prep.

Ten members attended the meeting, including myself.

11. stick together: 粘在一起、团结一致

We can stick the broken pieces together with glue. 我们可以用胶水把碎片粘在一起。

Whatever happens, we must stick together.

12. advise sb. to do sth. suggest doing sth:

advise doing sth. suggest that 从句

advide that / wh-从句n. suggestion 可数名词

She suggested having a picnic at the weekend.

Do you have any suggestions about keeping fit?

语法：

1. if和whether都有是否之意，有时可互换，不能省略。但需要注意下面的情况。

1) 在介词后、不定式之前、以及有or not时，只能用whether.

That all depends onwhether it will rain tomorrow.

I don’t know whether to help him tomorrow.

Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam or not.

2.由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，不能省略。

Do you know when the train will arrive?

No one knows why Amy is not happy today.

I want to know what is wrong with Tom

He didn’t know what happened to Tom

在宾语从句中，疑问词what作主语时，宾语从句不用倒装。

话题写作：

微笑是一种态度。请你以“Learn to smile”为题，为你校《校园英语园地》写一篇稿件。

内容要点：1.学会对自己微笑；2.学会对他人微笑；3.微笑是一种语言。注意：紧扣主题，表述全面、准确、流畅；可以适当发挥。

参考词汇：attitude 态度misunderstand 误会confidence 自信心

benefit health有益于健康enemy

Lear to smile

Smile is an attitude to life. We should face everything with smile.

In our life, there may be something unpleasant. For example, you fail in an exam or you are misunderstood by your friends. These things may make you feel sad. Then what will you do? Why not learn to smile?

Smiling to yourself can bring back your confidence and beat the unhappy feelings. Sometimes the greatest enemy is yourself. The most important thing is that smiling benefits your health.

We should also learn to smile to others and it will help us to get closer to other people. So smile is the most widely understood language.

Let’s learn to smile. I believe our world will be more wonderful and our life will be happier.

Module 10 On the radio

Unit 1

1. Thank you for sth. / doing sth. 因……（做）某事感谢你

Thank you for your help. Thank you for inviting my mother.

2. take / show sb. around sp.= take sb. to visit sp. 带某人参观某地

Can you take / show us around your factory?

= Can you take us to visit your factory.

3. be on: 开着的、这着的，表状态。

I sleep with my bedroom light on.

4. on air: 正在广播、播出（广播、电视等）be on:开始、进行We’ll be on air in ten minutes.

The programme has been on for about ten minutes.

5. 1) avoid sb. / sth.: 躲避某人/某物

Everyone seemed to be avoiding him.

2) avoid doing sth.:避免做某事

You should avoid making the same mistake again.

I tried to avoid answering his question.

6. get crazy :变得热闹/疯狂

The audience got crazy at the sight of Liu Qian. 看到

be crazy about:对……迷恋/热衷

I’m crazy about playing computer games.

7. 表语从句是指放在be, remain, stay 等系动词后面充不表语的从句。It is (where I lived in the past).

My question is (how he is able to finish the job in such a short time).

8. do an interview with sb. = interview sb. 采访某人

n. v.

I will do an interview with the film star.

= I will interview the film star.

9. keep + adj.:保持某种状态keep quiet

You should do some exercise to keep healthy.

10. 1) against: prep. 与……对抗、以……为竞争对手，其后接名词、代词或动名词。

Which team is Beijing basketball team against?

2) against: prep. 反对My father is against my plan.

I’m against building a new zoo.

Unit 2

1.look down at sth.:低头看/俯视某物

look up at sth.:抬头看/仰视某物

Look down on / upon sb.:看不起某人

Don’t look down on the poor.

I looked down at the whole city from the top of the building.

2. 否定疑问句表示惊奇、感叹、责备。

Don’t you agree?

Isn’t this book very interesting?

Can’t you see the sign?

3. 现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语，表示伴随的动作。即与谓语动词所表示的动作同叶发生的一个次要动作。

He sat in the chair, reading a newspaper.

Lily went out , laughing loudly.

Every evening the Greens sit on the sofa, watching TV.

4. 1) It seems that + 从句：似乎、好象It seems that she is unhappy.

2) seem to do sth.: I seem to have left my book at home.

3) seem + adj.: 看起来Everything seems impossible.

5. not…but…：不是……而是……

She wants to buy not a book, but a map.

not just … but…: 不仅……还……

not only …but also…不仅…而且

Many people like the girl not just because she is beautiful, but she is very kind.

She can speak not only English but also Japanese.

6. in person:亲自、当面，在句在作状语。

You can ask my mother in person.

She will come in person.

7. at the age of + 年龄的数词= When sb. be +年龄的数词years old At the age of seven, she went to school.

= When she was seven years old, she went to school.

8. 1) as conj. 当……时候、随着，引导时间状语从句。

As he grew up, he became active.

He saw her as she was getting off the bus.

2) as conj. 因为，引导原因状语从句。

You must hurry up as there is little time left.

3) as prep. 作为As a student, you must study hard.

9. do research on: 做关于年龄的数词有关……的研究、从事……的研究The doctors are doing research on lung cancer. 肺癌

10. 1) look out of :从……往外看Don’t look out of the window.

2) look out = be careful 留神、注意、小心

You must look out / be careful when you walk across the street.

11. have +食品for breakfast / lunch / supper : 早/午/晚餐吃……

I have chicken and bread for lunch.

12. the purpose of: ……的目的/意图

This is the main purpose of my coming here.

What’s the purpose of your visit? 你来访的意图是什么？

on purpose: 故意地for the purpose of: 为了……的目的

The naughty boy turned off the lights on purpose.

He went to Beijing for the purpose of finding a better job.

话题写作：

为了了解同学们的理想，我们在学校的100名学生中进行了一次调查采访。采访主要是围绕“what so you want to be when you grow up”

和“Why?”这两个问题进行的，请你根据以下调查数据写一份以“The Dream Jobs”为题的报告，并谈谈你自己的理想与原因。80词左右。提示：1.54%--business (most) (rich)

12%-- teachers (some) (make…learn more)

28%-- doctors (more) (save sick people) the rest—other jobs

The Dream Jobs

In order to learn something about students’ dream jobs, we made a survey among 100 students in our school. Here are the results. Most of them want to be businessmen. They think they will be rich. Most of them want to be doctors. They can save sick people. Some want to be teachers. They think the teachers can make people learn more knowledge. Some want to be nurses. They can help both doctors and sick people. I want to be a policeman in the future. Though the work is dangerous, it’s still exciting and I can help to guard people. Besides, as a member of country, I have the ability and duty to make contributions to the peace of our notherland.

What do you want to be in the future?

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