2012届高考英语一轮复习教案Module4Carnival(外研版必修5)

2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修五Module

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知识详解

1.extend v．延长，延伸；扩大；伸出，伸展；给予，提供

(回归课本P32)As time passed，however，the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after Christmas. 随着时间的推移，庆祝狂欢节的时间长了，圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始了。

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【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①The school is extending the range of subjects taught.

学校正在拓宽授课学科的范围。

②The River Nile extends as far as the Lake Victoria.

尼罗河一直延伸至维多利亚湖。

③The road extends for miles and miles.

这条路向远方绵延伸展。

④He extended his arms in front of him as if he were praying to God.他向前伸出双臂，好像在向上帝祷告求助。【易混辨析】

expand，extend，spread，stretch

(1)expand展开，扩大。不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。

(2)extend伸出，延伸。指空间范围的扩大以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。

(3)spread伸开，传播。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如：传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。

(4)stretch伸展，拉长。一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。

①The fire soon spread to the nearby buildings.

②Water expands when it freezes.

③The cat stretched out in front of the fire.

④The hot weather extended to October.

【即境活用】

1.The railway will ________ further to my hometown.

A．extend B．be extended

C．expand D．be expanded

解析：选A。句意“这条铁路将延伸到我的家乡。”

2．(四川广汉金雁中学高考适应卷)I think the car will ________ till we get to the village.

A．extend out B．go in for

C．hold out D．hold up

解析：选C。hold out在这里是“支持，维持”的意思。extend out“伸出”；go in for“参加，从事”；hold up“举起，支撑，阻挡”，均不符合题意。

2.pretend vi.& vt.假装，装扮，谎称

(回归课本P32)Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important，while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.

普通人可以装阔佬和重要人物，而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫的奇遇。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①(牛津P1567)She didn’t love him，though she pretended to.

她并不爱他，尽管她装出爱的样子。

②(朗文P1548)The candidate pretended she had worked for a newspaper before.

这位候选人佯称她以前在一家报社工作过。

③The boy pretended to be sleeping when his mother entered the room.当他妈妈走进房间时，那男孩假装正在睡觉。

④When we asked him to have lunch with us，he pretended to have had it.当我们叫他一起吃午饭时，他假装说吃过了。

【即境活用】

3．When the boss came in，the workers pretended ________ hard on their machines.

A．to work B．to be working

C．to have worked D．working

解析：选B。句意“当老板进来时，工人们假装正在机器旁努力工作。”用to be doing表示当时那一刻正在进行的动作。

4.She ________ she didn’t know me when I passed her in the street.

A．praised B．pretended

C．prepared D．prevented

解析：选B。句意“当我在街上经过她身旁时，她假装不认识我。”

3.trade n．交易，贸易；买卖；行业，职业

v．做买卖，进行贸易，做生意

(回归课本P39)When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival.

当1838年奴隶贸易被废除时，昔日的奴隶们沿袭了狂欢节这一风俗。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①Trade between the two countries has increased.

两国之间的贸易增长了。

②(朗文P2130)Britain built up her wealth by trading with other countries.英国通过与其他国家做生意积累起本国的财富。

③He traded his pen for a knife with me.

他用笔跟我换了一把刀。

④Doha trade talks broke up without agreement.

多哈贸易谈判宣告破裂。

【即境活用】

5．(济宁一模)I’m a writer and ________ language is the tool of ________ trade.

A．the；the B．/；a

C．/；the D．a；a

解析：选C。本题考查冠词。第一处表示的是泛指“语言”，为不可数名词，故不使用冠词；第二处使用定冠词，特指前面提到的writer这个“生意”。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a714537124.html,e to an end结束

(回归课本P32)The original Venice carnival came to an end about 200 years ago.

最初的威尼斯狂欢节在大约200年前结束。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①(朗文P616)That job came to an end last month.

那项工作上个月完成了。

②How does the story come to an end？这个故事结局如何？

③Under growing pressure from international environmental groups Japan put an end to whale hunts.

在国际环保组织的不断增加的压力下日本已经中止了猎鲸。

④(朗文P617)Since Mike lost his job，we can hardly make ends meet.

自从迈克失业以后，我们简直难以维持生计。

【即境活用】

6.The conference coming to ________ with an agreement，all the people from either side ________ cheered with joy.

A．the end；all B．the end；both

C．an end；all D．an end；both

解析：选D。come to an end“结束”；从either side判断是“双方”。

7．(江苏启东中学)The sweater my sister knitted for me ________ twice the size it should have been.It had to be kept for later use.

A．ended up B．brought up

C．came up D．took up

解析：选A。短语end up最终……，本句意思为：姐姐为我编织的毛衣结果大了两倍。

5.dress up打扮；装饰

(回归课本P31)Have you ever dressed up in special clothes?

你曾经用特别的服装来打扮过自己吗？

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①You needn’t dress up and go as you are.

你用不着穿讲究的衣服，就穿平时的衣服去吧。

②We dressed (ourselves) up for wedding.

我们为婚礼而盛装打扮。

③(牛津P610)The boys were all dressed up as pirates.

这些男孩子都装扮成了海盗。

【易混辨析】

dress，wear，put on，have on

(1)dress表示动作。作及物动词时，应该说“dress sb./oneself”，不能接表示衣服的名词；作不及物动词时，尤指为特殊场合穿好衣服；be dressed in 表示状态，相当于be in，后面可接表示衣服或颜色的名词。(2)wear表示状态，表示穿衣服(鞋子)，戴首饰、眼镜、饰物等，留(发)、蓄(须)，面露(某种表情)。其后也可接表示颜色的名词作宾语。

(3)put on表示穿的动作，接衣服、鞋子等。

(4)have on表示状态，相当于be wearing；但have on不能用被动语态，也不能用进行时。

①She dressed her baby quickly.

②She had a red jacket on the other day.

③She usually wore a diamond necklace.

④Hurry up！Put your coat on!

【即境活用】

8.________ warmly if you’re going out for a walk.

A．Put on B．Wear

C．Dress D．Have on

解析：选C。根据句式结构，此处需用不及物动词，A、B、D均为及物动词。

9．It’s a small informal party，you don’t have to ________.

A．dress up B．dress

C．be dressed D．get dressed

解析：选A。句意：这是个小型的非正式的晚会，因此，你不需要穿很讲究。

句型梳理

1.【教材原句】Think of carnival，and you think of crowds，costumes，and confusion.(P32)

想起狂欢节，你自然就会想起拥挤的人群，节日的服饰及混乱的场景。

【句法分析】在“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”这种句型中，祈使句表条件，与陈述句之间要用连接词，其连接词共分两类：

第一类：and，and then，意思是“就”，“那么(就)”，“于是”，“然后”。

第二类：or，or else，otherwise，意思是“否则”，“要不”，“不然的话”。

①Come early，and you’ll catch the first bus.

早点来，你就能赶上第一班公共汽车。

②Use your head，or (else)you won’t find a way.

动动脑筋，否则，你就找不到办法。

③Work harder，and then you will pass the test.

再努力一点，你才会通过考试。

④Work harder，or you will not pass the test.

再努力一点，要不你不会通过考试的。

【注意】有时“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型中的祈使句可以被一个名词短语所替代。

⑤One more word，and I’ll knock you fat.

你再说一个字，我就把你摆平在地。

⑥One more week，and I’ll do the work better.

再给我一周，我会把工作做得更好。

【即境活用】

10．(北京海淀区模拟)________ a diary every day an d you’ll improve your writing.

A．Keeping B．To keep

C．Keep D．If you keep

解析：选C。本句考查的是“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构。“每天坚持写一篇日记，那么你的写作就会提高。”

11.________，and we’ll get everything ready for the taking off.

A．Have one more hour

B．One more hour

C．Given one more hour

D．If I have one hour more

解析：选B。此处用名词短语来替代祈使句。

2.【教材原句】As time passed，however，the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after Christmas.(P32)

然而，随着时间的推移，狂欢节的时间被延长了，这样它就正好在圣诞节以后开始。

【句法分析】as的用法：

(1)conj.随着；当……时，引导时间状语从句

照……方式，引导方式状语从句

因为，由于，引导原因状语从句

尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句(倒装)

(2)prep. 像，如同，the same as

作为，当做，treat/regard...as，work/act/serve as

(3)adv. (比较时用)像……一样，as...as

①As she grew older，she gained in confidence.

随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。

②Leave the papers as they are.别动那些文件。

③As you were out，I left a message.

因为你不在，我留了一张字条儿。

④(朗文P87)Unlikely as it might seem，I’m tired too.

尽管看起来不像，但我的确也累了。

⑤She works as a guide in the tourism agency.

她在这家旅行社当导游。

【即境活用】

12.________ the Internet is of great help，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.

A．If B．While

C．Because D．As

解析：选B。句意：尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的时间上网不是一个好主意。while ＝even though尽管；if如果；because因为；as因为，当……的时候。只有B项符合句意。

13．Pop music is such an important part of society ________ it has even influenced our language.

A．as B．that

C．which D．where

解析：选B。句意：流行音乐是社会中如此重要的一部分以至于它已经影响了我们的语言。此题应该为such...that结构，引导结果状语从句，故选B项。

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2010高考英语词汇练习及详解（3） 101. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _____ in giving the class lectures. A. exchange B. alter C. shift D. alternate [答案]D. alternate. [注释]alternate vt./vi. 轮流，交替发生或出现：Wet days alternate with fine days.(晴雨天交替更迭。)The weather today will alternate between fine and cloudy.(今天的天气将是晴间多云。) shift般动，移动（vt.）；转移到，迁移（vi.）；改变：1)Lend me a hand to shift the piano, will you?(请帮个忙搬一下这台钢琴。) 2)They have shifted away from this area.(他们已从这一地区迁走了。) 3)The candidate is constantly shifting his opinion about the problem.(这位竞选者在这个问题上不断改变他的观点。) exchange交换；exchange... for ... 用.......换......；alter(部分)修改。 102. Pack the cake in a strong box, or it might get _____ in the post. A. splashed B. spilt C. crushed D. crashed [答案]C. crushed. [注释]crush压坏，压碎；弄皱；辗散；1)Don't crush this box; there are flowers inside.(不要把这个盒子压坏了，里面有鲜花。) 2)Her dress was crushed.(她的衣服弄皱了。) 3)The machine crushes wheat grain to make floor.(这台机器把麦粒辗成面粉。) splash溅，泼；split(中间)裂开；crash(向下)猛跌；（飞机）失事。 103. The thief _____ the papers all over the room while he was searching. A. abandoned B. vanished C. scattered D. deserted [答案]C. scattered. [注释]scatter(=throw or put in various directions, or here and there)撒。 abandon放弃，抛弃。desert遗弃（而离开）。vanish消亡，灭亡。本题句意是将小偷在搜寻钱时的情景，所以应选scattered(撒)。104. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical _____. A. facilities B. appliances C. instruments D. equipment [答案]B. appliances. [注释]electric appliances电器用具，facilities公用设备。equipment设备,装备，是集合名词，指“设备”的总称，只有当数形式。instrument仪器。 105. The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear. A. mirror B. sight C. reflection D. shadow [答案]C. reflection. [注释]reflection此处意为“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“影子”或“阴影”，故不能用shadow。其他选择均不合题意。106. One _____ needed when making a cake is flour; another is sugar. A. container B. ingredient C. content D. equivalent [答案]B. ingredient. [注释]ingredient(混合物的)成分。container容器，含量；内容（复数）。equivalent:相等物。 107. They have been waiting for many hours to see the singer, but the airplane must have been _____. A. behind the times B. behind schedule C. ahead of time D. in no time [答案]B. behind schedule. [注释]behind schedule(=late, behind time)晚点：The train is running behind schedule today.(=The train is not on time today.)behind the times(=using things not in style; still following old ways; old fashioned)过时，跟不上时代，落后：1)The