Cha03 罗斯公司理财第九版原版书课后习题

1. We explained that differences in firm size make it difficult to compare financial statements, and

we discussed how to form common-size statements to make comparisons easier and more meaningful.

2. Evaluating ratios of accounting numbers is another way of comparing financial statement

information. We defined a number of the most commonly used ratios, and we discussed the famous Du Pont identity.

3. We showed how pro forma financial statements can be generated and used to plan for future

financing needs.

After you have studied this chapter, we hope that you have some perspective on the uses and abuses of financial statement information. You should also find that your vocabulary of business and financial terms has grown substantially.

Concept Questions

1. Financial Ratio Analysis A financial ratio by itself tells us little about a company because

financial ratios vary a great deal across industries. There are two basic methods for analyzing financial ratios for a company: Time trend analysis and peer group analysis. In time trend analysis, you find the ratios for the company over some period, say five years, and examine how each ratio has changed over this period. In peer group analysis, you compare a company’s financial ratios to those of its peers. Why might each of these analysis methods be useful? What does each tell you about the company’s financial health?

2. Industry-Specific Ratios So-called “same-store sales” are a very important measure for

companies as diverse as McDonald’s and Sears. As the name suggests, examining same-store sales means comparing revenues from the same stores or restaurants at two different points in time.

Why might companies focus on same-store sales rather than total sales?

3. Sales Forecast Why do you think most long-term financial planning begins with sales

forecasts? Put differently, why are future sales the key input?

4. Sustainable Growth In the chapter, we used Rosengarten Corporation to demonstrate how to

calculate EFN. The ROE for Rosengarten is about 7.3 percent, and the plowback ratio is about 67 percent. If you calculate the sustainable growth rate for Rosengarten, you will find it is only 5.14 percent. In our calculation for EFN, we used a growth rate of 25 percent. Is this possible? (Hint: Yes. How?)

5. EFN and Growth Rate Broslofski Co. maintains a positive retention ratio and keeps its debt–

equity ratio constant every year. When sales grow by 20 percent, the firm has a negative projected EFN. What does this tell you about the firm’s sustainable growth rate? Do you know, with certainty, if the internal growth rate is greater than or less than 20 percent? Why? What happens to the projected EFN if the retention ratio is increased? What if the retention ratio is decreased? What if the retention ratio is zero?

6. Common-Size Financials One tool of financial analysis is common-size financial statements.

Why do you think common-size income statements and balance sheets are used? Note that the accounting statement of cash flows is not converted into a common-size statement. Why do you think this is?

7. Asset Utilization and EFN One of the implicit assumptions we made in calculating the

external funds needed was that the company was operating at full capacity. If the company is operating at less than full capacity, how will this affect the external funds needed?

8. Comparing ROE and ROA Both ROA and ROE measure profitability. Which one is more useful

for comparing two companies? Why?

9. Ratio Analysis Consider the ratio EBITD/Assets. What does this ratio tell us? Why might it be

more useful than ROA in comparing two companies?

Assets and costs are proportional to sales. Debt and equity are not. A dividend of $1,841.40 was paid, and Martin wishes to maintain a constant payout ratio. Next year’s sales are projected to be $30,960. What external financing is needed?

5. Sales and Growth The most recent financial statements for Fontenot Co. are shown here:

Assets and costs are proportional to sales. The company maintains a constant 30 percent dividend payout ratio and a constant debt–equity ratio. What is the maximum increase in sales that can be sustained assuming no new equity is issued?

6. Sustainable Growth If the Layla Corp. has a 15 percent ROE and a 10 percent payout ratio,

what is its sustainable growth rate?

7. Sustainable Growth Assuming the following ratios are constant, what is the sustainable

growth rate?

Total asset turnover = 1.90

Profit margin = 8.1%

Equity multiplier = 1.25

Payout ratio = 30%

8. Calculating EFN The most recent financial statements for Bradley, Inc., are shown here

(assuming no income taxes):

Assets and costs are proportional to sales. Debt and equity are not. No dividends are paid. Next year’s sales are projected to be $6,669. What is the external financing needed?

9. External Funds Needed Cheryl Colby, CFO of Charming Florist Ltd., has created the firm’s pro

forma balance sheet for the next fiscal year. Sales are projected to grow by 10 percent to $390 million. Current assets, fixed assets, and short-term debt are 20 percent, 120 percent, and 15 percent of sales, respectively. Charming Florist pays out 30 percent of its net income in dividends.

The company currently has $130 million of long-term debt and $48 million in common stock par value. The profit margin is 12 percent.

1. Construct the current balance sheet for the firm using the projected sales figure.

2. Based on Ms. Colby’s sales growth forecast, how much does Charming Florist need in

external funds for the upcoming fiscal year?

3. Construct the firm’s pro forma balance sheet for the next fiscal year and confirm the

external funds needed that you calculated in part (b).

10. Sustainable Growth Rate The Steiben Company has an ROE of 10.5 percent and a payout

ratio of 40 percent.

1. What is the company’s sustainable growth rate?

2. Can the company’s actual growth rate be different from its sustainable growth rate? Why

or why not?

3. How can the company increase its sustainable growth rate?

INTERMEDIATE (Questions 11–23)

11. Return on Equity Firm A and Firm B have debt–total asset ratios of 40 percent and 30

percent and returns on total assets of 12 percent and 15 percent, respectively. Which firm has a greater return on equity?

12. Ratios and Foreign Companies Prince Albert Canning PLC had a net loss of ￡15,834 on sales

of ￡167,983. What was the company’s profit margin? Does the fact that these figures are quoted in

a foreign currency make any difference? Why? In dollars, sales were $251,257. What was the net

loss in dollars?

13. External Funds Needed The Optical Scam Company has forecast a 20 percent sales growth

rate for next year. The current financial statements are shown here:

1. Using the equation from the chapter, calculate the external funds needed for next year.

2. Construct the firm’s pro forma balance sheet for next year and confirm the external funds

needed that you calculated in part (a).

3. Calculate the sustainable growth rate for the company.

4. Can Optical Scam eliminate the need for external funds by changing its dividend policy?

What other options are available to the company to meet its growth objectives?

14. Days’ Sales in Receivables A company has net income of $205,000, a profit margin of 9.3

percent, and an accounts receivable balance of $162,500. Assuming 80 percent of sales are on credit, what is the company’s days’ sales in receivables?

15. Ratios and Fixed Assets The Le Bleu Company has a ratio of long-term debt to total assets of

.40 and a current ratio of 1.30. Current liabilities are $900, sales are $5,320, profit margin is 9.4 percent, and ROE is 18.2 percent. What is the amount of the firm’s net fixed assets?

16. Calculating the Cash Coverage Ratio Titan Inc.’s net income for the most recent year was

$9,450. The tax rate was 34 percent. The firm paid $2,360 in total interest expense and deducted $3,480 in depreciation expense. What was Titan’s cash coverage ratio for the year?

17. Cost of Goods Sold Guthrie Corp. has current liabilities of $270,000, a quick ratio of 1.1,

inventory turnover of 4.2, and a current ratio of 2.3. What is the cost of goods sold for the company?

18. Common-Size and Common–Base Year Financial Statements In addition to common-

size financial statements, common–base year financial statements are often used. Common–base year financial statements are constructed by dividing the current year account value by the base year account value. Thus, the result shows the growth rate in the account. Using the following financial statements, construct the common-size balance sheet and common–base year balance sheet for the company. Use 2009 as the base year.

Use the following information for Problems 19, 20, and 22:

The discussion of EFN in the chapter implicitly assumed that the company was operating at full capacity. Often, this is not the case. For example, assume that Rosengarten was operating at 90 percent capacity. Full-capacity sales would be $1,000/.90 = $1,111. The balance sheet shows $1,800 in fixed assets. The capital intensity ratio for the company is

Capital intensity ratio = Fixed assets/Full-capacity sales = $1,800/$1,111 = 1.62

This means that Rosengarten needs $1.62 in fixed assets for every dollar in sales when it reaches full capacity. At the projected sales level of $1,250, it needs $1,250 × 1.62 = $2,025 in

fixed assets, which is $225 lower than our projection of $2,250 in fixed assets. So, EFN is only $565– 225 = $340.

19. Full-Capacity Sales Thorpe Mfg., Inc., is currently operating at only 85 percent of fixed asset

capacity. Current sales are $630,000. How much can sales increase before any new fixed assets are needed?

20. Fixed Assets and Capacity Usage For the company in the previous problem, suppose fixed

assets are $580,000 and sales are projected to grow to $790,000. How much in new fixed assets are required to support this growth in sales?

21. Calculating EFN The most recent financial statements for Moose Tours, Inc., appear below.

Sales for 2010 are projected to grow by 20 percent. Interest expense will remain constant; the tax rate and the dividend payout rate will also remain constant. Costs, other expenses, current assets, fixed assets, and accounts payable increase spontaneously with sales. If the firm is operating at full capacity and no new debt or equity is issued, what external financing is needed to support the 20 percent growth rate in sales?

22. Capacity Usage and Growth In the previous problem, suppose the firm was operating at only

80 percent capacity in 2009. What is EFN now?

23. Calculating EFN In Problem 21, suppose the firm wishes to keep its debt–equity ratio

constant. What is EFN now?

CHALLENGE (Questions 24–30)

24. EFN and Internal Growth Redo Problem 21 using sales growth rates of 15 and 25 percent in

addition to 20 percent. Illustrate graphically the relationship between EFN and the growth rate, and use this graph to determine the relationship between them.

25. EFN and Sustainable Growth Redo Problem 23 using sales growth rates of 30 and 35

2. Ratio Analysis Find and download the “Profitability” spreadsheet for Southwest Airlines (LUV)

and Continental Airlines (CAL). Find the ROA (Net ROA), ROE (Net ROE), PE ratio (P/E—high and P/E—low), and the market-to-book ratio (Price/Book—high and Price/Book—low) for each company. Because stock prices change daily, PE and market-to-book ratios are often reported as the highest and lowest values over the year, as is done in this instance. Look at these ratios for both companies over the past five years. Do you notice any trends in these ratios? Which company appears to be operating at a more efficient level based on these four ratios? If you were going to invest in an airline, which one (if either) of these companies would you choose based on this information? Why?

3. Sustainable Growth Rate Use the annual income statements and balance sheets under the

“Excel Analytics” link to calculate the sustainable growth rate for Coca-Cola (KO) each year for the past four years. Is the sustainable growth rate the same for every year? What are possible reasons the sustainable growth rate may vary from year to year?

4. External Funds Needed Look up Black & Decker (BDK). Under the “Financial Highlights” link

you can find a five-year growth rate for sales. Using this growth rate and the most recent income statement and balance sheet, compute the external funds needed for BDK next year.

Mini Case: RATIOS AND FINANCIAL PLANNING AT EAST COAST YACHTS

Dan Ervin was recently hired by East Coast Yachts to assist the company with its short-term financial planning and also to evaluate the company’s financial performance. Dan graduated from college five years ago with a finance degree, and he has been employed in the treasury department of a Fortune 500 company since then.

East Coast Yachts was founded 10 years ago by Larissa Warren. The company’s operations are located near Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, and the company is structured as an LLC. The company has manufactured custom midsize, high-performance yachts for clients over this period, and its products have received high reviews for safety and reliability. The company’s yachts have also recently received the highest award for customer satisfaction. The yachts are primarily purchased by wealthy individuals for pleasure use. Occasionally, a yacht is manufactured for purchase by a company for business purposes.

The custom yacht industry is fragmented, with a number of manufacturers. As with any industry, there are market leaders, but the diverse nature of the industry ensures that no manufacturer dominates the market. The competition in the market, as well as the product cost, ensures that attention to detail is a necessity. For instance, East Coast Yachts will spend 80 to 100 hours on hand-buffing the stainless steel stem-iron, which is the metal cap on the yacht’s bow that conceivably could collide with a dock or another boat.

To get Dan started with his analyses, Larissa has provided the following financial statements. Dan has gathered the industry ratios for the yacht manufacturing industry.

1. Calculate all of the ratios listed in the industry table for East Coast Yachts.

2. Compare the performance of East Coast Yachts to the industry as a whole. For each ratio,

comment on why it might be viewed as positive or negative relative to the industry. Suppose you create an inventory ratio calculated as inventory divided by current liabilities. How do you interpret this ratio? How does East Coast Yachts compare to the industry average?

3. Calculate the sustainable growth rate of East Coast Yachts. Calculate external funds needed

(EFN) and prepare pro forma income statements and balance sheets assuming growth at precisely this rate. Recalculate the ratios in the previous question. What do you observe?

4. As a practical matter, East Coast Yachts is unlikely to be willing to raise external equity capital,

in part because the owners don’t want to dilute their existing ownership and control positions.

However, East Coast Yachts is planning for a growth rate of 20 percent next year. What are your conclusions and recommendations about the feasibility of East Coast’s expansion plans?

5. Most assets can be increased as a percentage of sales. For instance, cash can be increased by

any amount. However, fixed assets often must be increased in specific amounts because it is impossible, as a practical matter, to buy part of a new plant or machine. In this case a company has a “staircase” or “lumpy” fixed cost structure. Assume that East Coast Yachts is currently producing at 100 percent of capacity. As a result, to expand production, the company must set up an entirely new line at a cost of $30 million. Calculate the new EFN with this assumption. What does this imply about capacity utilization for East Coast Yachts next year?

公司理财原版题库Chap010

Chapter 10 Return and Risk: The Capital-Assets-Pricing Model Multiple Choice Questions 1. When a security is added to a portfolio the appropriate return and risk contributions are A) the expected return of the asset and its standard deviation. B) the expected return and the variance. C) the expected return and the beta. D) the historical return and the beta. E) these both can not be measured. Answer: C Difficulty: Medium Page: 255 2. When stocks with the same expected return are combined into a portfolio A) the expected return of the portfolio is less than the weighted average expected return of the stocks. B) the expected return of the portfolio is greater than the weighted average expected return of the stocks. C) the expected return of the portfolio is equal to the weighted average expected return of the stocks. D) there is no relationship between the expected return of the portfolio and the expected return of the stocks. E) None of the above. Answer: C Difficulty: Easy Page: 261 3. Covariance measures the interrelationship between two securities in terms of A) both expected return and direction of return movement. B) both size and direction of return movement. C) the standard deviation of returns. D) both expected return and size of return movements. E) the correlations of returns. Answer: B Difficulty: Medium Page: 258-259 Use the following to answer questions 4-5: GenLabs has been a hot stock the last few years, but is risky. The expected returns for GenLabs are highly dependent on the state of the economy as follows: State of Economy Probability GenLabs Returns Depression .05 -50% Recession .10 -15 Mild Slowdown .20 5 Normal .30 15% Broad Expansion .20 25 Strong Expansion .15 40

公司理财罗斯第九版课后习题答案

罗斯《公司理财》第9版精要版英文原书课后部分章节答案详细? 1 / 17 CH5 11，13，18，19，20 11. To find the PV of a lump sum, we use: PV = FV / (1 + r) t PV = $1,000,000 / (1.10) 80 = $488.19 13. To answer this question, we can use either the FV or the PV formula. Both will give the same answer since they are the inverse of each other. We will use the FV formula, that is: FV = PV(1 + r) t Solving for r, we get: r = (FV / PV) 1 / t –1 r = ($1,260,000 / $150) 1/11 2 – 1 = .0840 or 8.40% To find the FV of the first prize, we use: FV = PV(1 + r) t FV = $1,260,000(1.0840) 3 3 = $18,056,409.9 4 18. To find the FV of a lump sum, we use: FV = PV(1 + r) t FV = $4,000(1.11) 4 5 = $438,120.97 FV = $4,000(1.11) 35 = $154,299.40 Better start early! 19. We need to find the FV of a lump sum. However, the money will only be invested for six years, so the number of periods is six. FV = PV(1 + r) t FV = $20,000(1.084) 6 = $32,449.33 20. To answer this question, we can use either the FV or the PV formula. Both will give the same answer since they are the inverse of each other. We will use the FV formula, that is: FV = PV(1 + r) t Solving for t, we get: t = ln(FV / PV) / ln(1 + r) t = ln($75,000 / $10,000) / ln(1.11) = 19.31 So, the money must be invested for 19.31 years. However, you will not receive the money for another two years. From now, you’ll wait: 2 years + 19.31 years = 21.31 years CH6 16，24，27，42，58 16. For this problem, we simply need to find the FV of a lump sum using the equation: FV = PV(1 + r) t 2 / 1 7 It is important to note that compounding occurs semiannually. To account for this, we will divide the interest rate by two (the number of compounding periods in a year), and multiply the number of periods by two. Doing so, we get: FV = $2,100[1 + (.084/2)] 34 = $8,505.93 24. This problem requires us to find the FVA. The equation to find the FVA is: FV A = C{[(1 + r) t – 1] / r} FV A = $300[{[1 + (.10/12) ] 360 – 1} / (.10/12)] = $678,146.3 8 27. The cash flows are annual and the compounding period is quarterly, so we need to calculate the EAR to make the interest rate comparable with the timing of the cash flows. Using the equation for the EAR, we get: EAR = [1 + (APR / m)] m – 1 EAR = [1 + (.11/4)] 4 – 1 = .1146 or 11.46% And now we use the EAR to find the PV of each cash flow as a lump sum and add them together: PV = $725 / 1.1146 + $980 / 1.1146 2 + $1,360 / 1.1146 4 = $2,320.36 42. The amount of principal paid on the loan is the PV of the monthly payments you make. So, the present value of the $1,150 monthly payments is: PVA = $1,150[(1 – {1 / [1 + (.0635/12)]} 360 ) / (.0635/12)] = $184,817.42 The monthly payments of $1,150 will amount to a principal payment of $184,817.42. The amount of principal you will still owe is: $240,000 – 184,817.42 = $55,182.58 This remaining principal amount will increase at the interest rate on the loan until the end of the loan period. So the balloon payment in 30 years, which is the FV of the remaining principal will be: Balloon payment = $55,182.58[1 + (.0635/12)] 360 = $368,936.54 58. To answer this question, we should find the PV of both options, and compare them. Since we are purchasing the car, the lowest PV is the best option. The PV of the leasing is simply the PV of the lease payments, plus the $99. The interest rate we would use for the leasing option is the same as the interest rate of the loan. The PV of leasing is: PV = $9 9 + $450{1 –[1 / (1 + .07/12) 12(3) ]} / (.07/12) = $14,672.91 The PV of purchasing the car is the current price of the car minus the PV of the resale price. The PV of the resale price is : PV = $23,000 / [1 + (.07/12)] 12(3) = $18,654.82 The PV of the decision to purchase is: $32,000 – 18,654.82 = $13,345.18 3 / 17 In this case, it is cheaper to buy the car than leasing it since the PV of the purchase cash flows is lower. To find the breakeven resale price, we need to find the resale price that makes the PV of the two options the same. In other words, the PV of the decision to buy should be: $32,000 – PV of resale price = $14,672.91 PV of resale price = $17,327.09 The resale price that would make the PV of the lease versus buy decision is the FV of

罗斯《公司理财》第9版笔记和课后习题(含考研真题)详解[视频详解](风险、资本成本和资本预算)【圣才

罗斯《公司理财》第9版笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解[视频详解] 第13章风险、资本成本和资本预算[视频讲解] 13.1复习笔记 运用净现值法，按无风险利率对现金流量折现，可以准确评价无风险现金流量。然而，现实中的绝大多数未来现金流是有风险的，这就要求有一种能对有风险现金流进行折现的方法。确定风险项目净现值所用的折现率可根据资本资产定价模型CAPM（或套利模型APT）来计算。如果某无负债企业要评价一个有风险项目，可以运用证券市场线SML来确定项目所要求的收益率r s，r s也称为权益资本成本。 当企业既有债务融资又有权益融资时，所用的折现率应是项目的综合资本成本，即债务资本成本和权益资本成本的加权平均。 联系企业的风险贴现率与资本市场要求的收益率的原理在于如下一个简单资本预算原则：企业多余的现金，可以立即派发股利，投资者收到股利自己进行投资，也可以用于投资项目产生未来的现金流发放股利。从股东利益出发，股东会在自己投资和企业投资中选择期望收益率较高的一个。只有当项目的期望收益率大于风险水平相当的金融资产的期望收益率时，项目才可行。因此项目的折现率应该等于同样风险水平的金融资产的期望收益率。这也说明了资本市场价格信号作用。 1．权益资本成本 从企业的角度来看，权益资本成本就是其期望收益率，若用CAPM模型，股票的期望收益率为：

其中，R F是无风险利率，是市场组合的期望收益率与无风险利率之差，也称为期望超额市场收益率或市场风险溢价。 要估计企业权益资本成本，需要知道以下三个变量：①无风险利率；②市场风险溢价； ③公司的贝塔系数。 根据权益资本成本计算企业项目的贴现率需要有两个重要假设：①新项目的贝塔风险与企业风险相同；②企业无债务融资。 2．贝塔的估计 估算公司贝塔值的基本方法是利用T个观测值按照如下公式估计： 估算贝塔值可能存在以下问题：①贝塔可能随时间的推移而发生变化；②样本容量可能太小；③贝塔受财务杠杆和经营风险变化的影响。 可以通过如下途径解决上述问题：①第1个和第2个问题可通过采用更加复杂的统计技术加以解决；②根据财务风险和经营风险的变化对贝塔作相应的调整，有助于解决第3个问题；③注意同行业类似企业的平均β估计值。 根据企业自身历史数据来估算企业贝塔系数是一种常用方法，也有人认为运用整个行业的贝塔系数可以更好地估算企业的贝塔系数。有时两者计算的结果差异很大。总的来说，可以遵循下列原则：如果认为企业的经营与所在行业其他企业的经营十分类似，用行业贝塔降低估计误差。如果认为企业的经营与行业内其他企业的经营有着根本性差别，则应选择企业的贝塔。 3．贝塔的确定 前面介绍的回归分析方法估算贝塔并未阐明贝塔是由哪些因素决定的。主要存在以下三个因素：收入的周期性、经营杠杆和财务杠杆。

(公司理财)公司理财中文版第九版第三章答案

第三章财务报表分析与长期财务规划 1.由于不同行业的公司在财务比率上存在很大的差异，财务比率本身提供的信息有限，分析公司的财务比率有两种基本方法：时间趋势分析法和同类公司分析。为什么这些方法会有用呢？每种方法能够告诉你哪些关于公司财务健康状况的信息？ 答：时间趋势分析描绘了公司财务状况随时间而变化的图景。通过公司本身的跨期比较分析，财务经理可以评价公司的经营、融资或投资活动的某些方面是否已经发生了变化。同类公司比较分析涉及到将某一特定公司的财务比率和经营绩效与同一行业或业务相同的其他公司进行比较。通过同类公司比较分析，财务经理可以评价公司的经营、融资或投资活动的某些方面是否越出常规，从而为调整这些比率采取恰当的行动提供指南，如果这种调整合适的话。两种方法都从财务的视角研究一个公司究竟有什么不同，但两种方法都不能告诉我们这种不同是积极正面的还是消极负面的。例如，假设一个公司的流动比率是随时间而提高，这可能意味着该公司在过去一直面临流动性问题，一直在纠正这些问题；或者它也可能意味着该公司已经在管理流动资产和负债方面变得更低效。同类公司比较分析中也存在类似的争论。一个公司的流动比率低于同类公司，也许是它在管理流动资产和负债方面更具效率，也可能是它面临流动性问题。没有哪种方法告诉我们某个比率是好还是坏。两种方法只是表明有些东西存在差异，并告诉我们去哪里寻找。 2.所谓的“同店销售”是像沃尔玛和希尔斯之类的十分分散的公司的

一项重要指标，顾名思义，分析同店销售就是比较同样的店铺或餐馆在两个不同的时间点上的销售额。为什么公司总是关注同店销售而不是总销售？ 答：如果一家公司通过开设新店来不断增长，那么可以推测其总收入将上升。比较两个不同时点的总销售额可能会误导。同店销售方法只看在特定时期开设的店铺的销售额控制了这一误差。 3.为什么多数长期财务计划都从销售预测开始？或者说，为什么未来销售额是关键？ 答：理由是，最终，消费是商业背后的驱动力。一个企业的资产、雇员，事实上，几乎企业经营和融资的所有方面都是直接或间接地支持销售。换种说法，一个企业对资本资产、雇员、存货以及融资的未来需求都由它的未来销售所决定。 4.本章利用Rosengarten公司说明EFN的计算，Rosengarten的ROE 约为7.3%，利润再投资率约为67%，如果你为Rosengarten计算可持续增长率，会发现它只有 5.14%，而我们在计算EFN时所使用的增长率为25%，这可能吗？（提示：有可能。如何实现？） 答：可持续增长公式的两个假设是，公司并不想出售新的股票，以及财务政策是固定的。如果公司增加外部股权，或提高其债务权益比率，它的增长速度可以比可持续增长率更高。当然，如果公司改变其股利政策，提高留成比例，或其总资产周转率提高，它的增长速度也可以快于它的销售净利率提高的速度。 5. Broslofski公司每年都维持一个正的留存比率，并保持负债权益比

公司理财(英文版)题库2

CHAPTER 2 Financial Statements & Cash Flow Multiple Choice Questions: I. DEFINITIONS BALANCE SHEET b 1. The financial statement showing a firm’s accounting value on a particular date is the: a. income statement. b. balance sheet. c. statement of cash flows. d. tax reconciliation statement. e. shareholders’ equity sheet. Difficulty level: Easy CURRENT ASSETS c 2. A current asset is: a. an item currently owned by the firm. b. an item that the firm expects to own within the next year. c. an item currently owned by the firm that will convert to cash within the next 12 months. d. the amount of cash on hand the firm currently shows on its balance sheet. e. the market value of all items currently owned by the firm. Difficulty level: Easy LONG-TERM DEBT b 3. The long-term debts of a firm are liabilities: a. that come due within the next 12 months. b. that do not come due for at least 12 months. c. owed to the firm’s suppliers. d. owed to the firm’s shareholders. e. the firm expects to incur within the next 12 months. Difficulty level: Easy NET WORKING CAPITAL e 4. Net working capital is defined as: a. total liabilities minus shareholders’ equity. b. current liabilities minus shareholders’ equity. c. fixed assets minus long-term liabilities. d. total assets minus total liabilities. e. current assets minus current liabilities. Difficulty level: Easy LIQUID ASSETS d 5. A(n) ____ asset is on e which can be quickly converted into cash without significant loss in value.

罗斯公司理财第九版第十章课后答案对应版

第十章：风险与收益：市场历史的启示 1. 因为公司的表现具有不可预见性。 2. 投资者很容易看到最坏的投资结果，但是确很难预测到。 3. 不是，股票具有更高的风险，一些投资者属于风险规避者，他们认为这点额外的报酬率还不至于吸引他们付出更高风险的代价。 4. 股票市场与赌博是不同的，它实际是个零和市场，所有人都可能赢。而且投机者带给市场更高的流动性，有利于市场效率。 5. 在80 年代初是最高的，因为伴随着高通胀和费雪效应。 6. 有可能，当投资风险资产报酬非常低，而无风险资产报酬非常高，或者同时出现这两种现象时就会发生这样的情况。 7. 相同，假设两公司2 年前股票价格都为P0，则两年后G 公司股票价格为 1.1*0.9* P0，而S 公司股票价格为0.9*1.1 P0，所以两个公司两年后的股价是一样的。 8. 不相同，Lake Minerals 2年后股票价格= 100(1.10)(1.10) = $121.00 而SmallTown Furniture 2年后股票价格= 100(1.25)(.95) = $118.75 9. 算数平均收益率仅仅是对所有收益率简单加总平均，它没有考虑到所有收益率组合的效果，而几何平均收益率考虑到了收益率组合的效果，所以后者比较重要。 10. 不管是否考虑通货膨胀因素，其风险溢价没有变化，因为风险溢价是风险资产收益率与无风险资产收益率的差额，若这两者都考虑到通货膨胀的因素，其差额仍然是相互抵消的。而在考虑税收后收益率就会降低，因为税后收益会降低。 11. R = [($104 – 92) + 1.45] / $92 = .1462 or 14.62% 12. Dividend yield = $1.45 / $92 = .0158 or 1.58% Capital gains yield = ($104 – 92) / $92 = .1304 or 13.04% 13. R = [($81 – 92) + 1.45] / $92 = –.1038 or –10.38% Dividend yield = $1.45 / $92 = .0158 or 1.58% Capital gains yield = ($81 – 92) / $92 = –.1196 or –11.96% 14.

公司理财第九版中文答案

第一章 1.在所有权形式的公司中,股东是公司的所有者。股东选举公司的董事会,董事会任命该公司的管理层。企业的所有权和控制权分离的组织形式是导致的代理关系存在的主要原因。管理者可能追求自身或别人的利益最大化,而不是股东的利益最大化。在这种环境下,他们可能因为目标不一致而存在代理问题。 2.非营利公司经常追求社会或政治任务等各种目标。非营利公司财务管理的目标是获取并有效使用资金以最大限度地实现组织的社会使命。 3.这句话是不正确的。管理者实施财务管理的目标就是最大化现有股票的每股价值，当前的股票价值反映了短期和长期的风险、时间以及未来现金流量。 4.有两种结论。一种极端,在市场经济中所有的东西都被定价。因此所有目标都有一个最优水平，包括避免不道德或非法的行为，股票价值最大化。另一种极端,我们可以认为这是非经济现象,最好的处理方式是通过政治手段。一个经典的思考问题给出了这种争论的答案:公司估计提高某种产品安全性的成本是30美元万。然而,该公司认为提高产品的安全性只会节省20美元万。请问公司应该怎么做呢?” 5.财务管理的目标都是相同的,但实现目标的最好方式可能是不同的,因为不同的国家有不同的社会、政治环境和经济制度。 6.管理层的目标是最大化股东现有股票的每股价值。如果管理层认为能提高公司利润，使股价超过35美元,那么他们应该展开对恶意收购的斗争。如果管理层认为该投标人或其它未知的投标人将支付超过每股35美元的价格收购公司,那么他们也应该展开斗争。然而,如果管理层不能增加企业的价值,并且没有其他更高的投标价格,那么管理层不是在为股东的最大化权益行事。现在的管理层经常在公司面临这些恶意收购的情况时迷失自己的方向。 7.其他国家的代理问题并不严重,主要取决于其他国家的私人投资者占比重较小。较少的私人投资者能减少不同的企业目标。高比重的机构所有权导致高学历的股东和管理层讨论决策风险项目。此外,机构投资者比私人投资者可以根据自己的资源和经验更好地对管理层实施有效的监督机制。 8.大型金融机构成为股票的主要持有者可能减少美国公司的代理问题，形成更有效率的公司控制权市场。但也不一定能。如果共同基金或者退休基金的管理层并不关心的投资者的利益，代理问题可能仍然存在,甚至有可能增加基金和投资者之间的代理问题。

罗斯公司理财第九版第五章课后答案对应版说课讲解

第五章：净现值和投资评价的其他方法 1.如果项目会带来常规的现金流，回收期短于项目的生命周期意味着，在折现率为0 的情况下，NPV 为正值。折现率大于0 时，回收期依旧会短于项目的生命周期，但根据折现率小于、等于、大于IRR 的情况，NPV 可能为正、为零、为负。折现回收期包含了相关折现率的影响。如果一个项目的折现回收期短于该项目的生命周期，NPV 一定为正值。 2.如果某项目有常规的现金流，而且NPV 为正，该项目回收期一定短于其生命周期。因为折现回收期是用与NPV 相同的折现值计算出来的，如果NPV为正，折现回收期也会短于该项目的生命周期。NPV 为正表明未来流入现金流大于初始投资成本，盈利指数必然大于1。如果NPV 以特定的折现率R 计算出来为正值时，必然存在一个大于R 的折现率R’使得NPV 为0，因此，IRR 必定大于必要报酬率。 3.（1）回收期法就是简单地计算出一系列现金流的盈亏平衡点。其缺陷是忽略了货币的时间价值，另外，也忽略了回收期以后的现金流量。当某项目的回收期小于该项目的生命周期，则可以接受；反之，则拒绝。回收期法决策作出的选择比较武断。 （2）平均会计收益率为扣除所得税和折旧之后的项目平均收益除以整个项目期限内的平均账面投资额。其最大的缺陷在于没有使用正确的原始材料，其次也没有考虑到时间序列这个因素。一般某项目的平均会计收益率大于公司的目标会计收益率，则可以接受；反之，则拒绝。 （3）内部收益率就是令项目净现值为0 的贴现率。其缺陷在于没有办法对某些项目进行判断，例如有多重内部收益率的项目，而且对于融资型的项目以及投资型的项目判断标准截然相反。对于投资型项目，若IRR 大于贴现率，项目可以接受；反之，则拒绝。对于融资型项目，若IRR 小于贴现率，项目可以接受；反之，则拒绝。 （4）盈利指数是初始以后所有预期未来现金流量的现值和初始投资的比值。必须注意的是，倘若初始投资期之后，在资金使用上还有限制，那盈利指数就会失效。对于独立项目，若PI 大于1，项目可以接受；反之，则拒绝。 （5）净现值就是项目现金流量（包括了最初的投入）的现值，其具有三个特点：①使用现金流量；②包含了项目全部现金流量；③对现金流量进行了合理的折现。某项目NPV 大于0 时，项目可接受；反之，则拒绝。 4.对于一个具有永续现金流的项目来说，回收期为： 内部收益率为：所以可得： 这意味着对一个拥有相对固定现金流的长期项目而言，回收期越短，IRR越大，并且IRR 近似等于回收期的倒数。 5.原因有很多，最主要的两个是运输成本以及汇率的原因。在美国制造生产可以接近于产品销售地，极大的节省了运输成本。同样运输时间的缩短也减少了商品的存货。跟某些可能的制造生产地来说，选择美国可能可以一定程度上减少高额的劳动力成本。还有一个重要因素是汇率，在美国制造生产所付出的生产成本用美元计算，在美国的销售收入同样用美元计算，这样可以避免汇率的波动对公司净利润的影响。 6.最大的问题就在于如何估计实际的现金流。确定一个适合的折现率也同样非常困难。回收期法最为容易，其次是平均会计收益率法，折现法（包括折现回收期法，NPV 法，IRR 法和PI 法）都在实践中相对较难。 7.可以应用于非盈利公司，因为它们同样需要有效分配可能的资本，就像普通公司一样。不过，非盈利公司的利润一般都不存在。例如，慈善募捐有一个实际的机会成本，但是盈利却很难度量。即使盈利可以度量出来，合适的必要报酬率也没有办法确定。在这种情况下，回

罗斯公司理财题库全集

Chapter 20 Issuing Securities to the Public Multiple Choice Questions 1. An equity issue sold directly to the public is called: A. a rights offer. B. a general cash offer. C. a restricted placement. D. a fully funded sales. E. a standard call issue. 2. An equity issue sold to the firm's existing stockholders is called: A. a rights offer. B. a general cash offer. C. a private placement. D. an underpriced issue. E. an investment banker's issue. 3. Management's first step in any issue of securities to the public is: A. to file a registration form with the SEC. B. to distribute copies of the preliminary prospectus. C. to distribute copies of the final prospectus. D. to obtain approval from the board of directors. E. to prepare the tombstone advertisement. 4. A rights offering is: A. the issuing of options on shares to the general public to acquire stock. B. the issuing of an option directly to the existing shareholders to acquire stock. C. the issuing of proxies which are used by shareholders to exercise their voting rights. D. strictly a public market claim on the company which can be traded on an exchange. E. the awarding of special perquisites to management.

公司理财罗斯中文版17

第17章 财务杠杆和资本结构政策 ◆本章复习与自测题 17.1 EBIT和EPS 假设BDJ公司已经决定进行一项资本重组，它涉及到将现有的8 000万美元债务增加到12 500万美元。债务的利率是9%，并且预期不会改变。公司目前有1 000万股流通在外，每股价格是45美元。如果预期重组可以提高ROE，那么，BDJ的管理当局必定预期EBIT至少达到什么水平？解答时不考虑税。 17.2 MM第二定理（无税） Habitat公司的WACC是16%，债务成本是13%。如果Habitat的债务权益率是2，它的权益资本成本是多少？解答时不考虑税。 17.3 MM第一定理（有公司税） Gypco公司预期永远都有每年10 000美元的EBIT。Gypco可以以7%的利率借款。假设Gypco目前没有债务，它的权益成本是17%。如果公司的税率是35%，公司的价值是多少？如果Gypco借入15 000美元，并用它来回购股票，公司的价值是多少？ ◆本章复习与自测题解答 17.1 要解答这个问题，我们可以计算临界EBIT。在超过这一点的任何EBIT上，提高财务杠杆都将提高EPS。在原有 的资本结构下，利息费用是8 000万美元×0.09 = 720万美元。因为有1 000万股股票，因此，不考虑税，EPS为：（EBIT-720万美元)/1 000万。 在新的资本结构下，利息费用是：12 500万美元×0.09 = 1 125万美元。并且，债务增加了4 500万美元。这个金额足够买回4 500万美元/45 = 100万股股票，剩下900万股流通在外。因此，EPS是：（EBIT -1 125万美元)/900万。 既然我们知道如何计算这两种情况下的EPS。我们假定它们彼此相等，求出临界EBIT： (EBIT -720万美元)/1 000万= (EBIT-1 125万美元)/900万 (EBIT -720万美元) = 1.11×(EBIT-1 125万美元) EBIT = 4 770万美元 可以验证，在两种情况下，当EBIT是4 770万美元时，EPS都是4.05美元。 17.2 根据MM第二定理（无税），权益成本是： R E = R A + (R A -R D )×(D/E）= 16% + (16% -13%)×2 = 22% 17.3 在没有公司税的情况下，Gypco的WACC是17%。这也是不利用杠杆的公司的资本成本。税后现金流量是：10 000美元×(1-0.35) = 6 500美元，因此，价值就是：V U = 6 500美元/0.17 = 38 235美元。 发行债务之后，Gypco的价值将是原来的38 235美元加上税盾的现值T C ×D，也就是0.35×15 000美元= 5 250美元。因

完整word版公司理财英文版题库8

CHAPTER 8 Making Capital Investment Decisions I. DEFINITIONS INCREMENTAL CASH FLOWS a 1. The changes in a firm's future cash flows that are a direct consequence of accepting a project are called _____ cash flows. a. incremental b. stand-alone c. after-tax d. net present value e. erosion Difficulty level: Easy EQUIVALENT ANNUAL COST e 2. The annual annuity stream o f payments with the same present value as a project's costs is called the project's _____ cost. a. incremental b. sunk c. opportunity d. erosion e. equivalent annual Difficulty level: Easy SUNK COSTS c 3. A cost that has already been paid, or the liability to pay has already been incurred, is a(n): a. salvage value expense. b. net working capital expense. c. sunk cost. d. opportunity cost. e. erosion cost. Difficulty level: Easy OPPORTUNITY COSTS d 4. Th e most valuable investment given up i f an alternative investment is chosen is a(n): a. salvage value expense. b. net working capital expense.

第九版 公司理财 罗斯 中文答案 第四章

1、FV=PV*(1+R)^T，PV= FV/(1+R)^T，所以时间长度增加时，终值会 增加，现值会减少。 2、FV=PV*(1+R)^T，PV= FV/(1+R)^T，利率增加时，年金的终值会增 加，现值会减少。 3、第一种情况：PV=C*{[1-1/(1+r)^T]/r}=1000*{[1-1/(1+r)^10]/r} 第二种情况：PV=C*{[1-(1+g)^T/(1+r)^T]/(r-g)}= 1000*{[1-(1+5%)^10/(1+r)^10]/(r-5%)} 1000*{[1-1/(1+r)^10]/r}>1000*{[1-(1+5%)^10/(1+r)^10]/(r-5%)} 所以第一种情况分十次等分支付更好。 4、是，因为名义利率通常不提供相关利率。唯一的优势就是方便 计算，但是随着现在计算机设备的发展，这种优势已经不明显。 5、新生将收到更多的津贴。因为新生到偿还贷款的时间较长。 6、因为货币具有时间价值。GMAC当期获得五百美元的使用权， 如果投资得当，三十年后的收益将会高于一千美元。 7、除非出现通货紧缩，资金成本成为负值，否则GMAC有权利在 任意时候以10000美元的价格赎回该债券，都会增加投资者的持有该债券的意愿。 8、我不愿意今天支付五百美元来换取三十年后的一万美元。关键 因素：一是同类投资相比的回报率是否较高，二是投资的回报率和风险是否相匹配。回答取决于承诺偿还人，因为必须评估其三十年后存续的风险。 9、财政部的债券价格应该更高，因为财政部发行债券是以国家信

用为担保，违约风险最小，基本可视为无风险债券。 10、应该超过。因为货币具有时间价值，债券的价格会随着时间的 发展逐渐上升，最终达到一万美元。所以2010年，债券的价格 应该会更高。但是这具有很大的不确定性，因为宏观经济环境 和公司微观环境会发生变化，都有可能造成债券价格发生变化。 11、 a 1000*（1+6%）^10=1791美元 b 1000*（1+9%）^10=1967美元 c 1000*（1+6%）^20=3207美元 d 因为在按照复利计算时，不仅本金会产生利息，本金的利息 也会产生利息。 12、PV=FV/（1+r）^t=7.5/(1+8.2%)^20=1.55亿美元 13、PV=C/r=120/5.7%=2105美元 14、FV=C*e^（rT） a FV=1900*e^（12%*5）=1900*1.8221=3462美元 b FV=1900*e^（10%*3）=1900*1.3499=2565美元 c FV=1900*e^（5%*10）=1900*1.6487=3133美元 d FV=1900*e^（7%*8）=1900*1.7507=3326美元 15、有限年限支付下PV= C*{[1-1/(1+r)^T]/r} 当T=15时， PV=4300*{[1-1/(1+9%)^15]/9%}=4300*8.0607=34661美元 当T=40时， PV=4300*{[1-1/(1+9%)^40]/9%}=4300*10.7574=46257美元

陈雨露《公司理财》配套题库-章节题库(财务报表分析)【圣才出品】

第二章财务报表分析 一、单选题 1．假定甲公司向乙公司赊销产品，并持有丙公司的债券和丁公司的股票，且向戊公司支付公司债利息。在不考虑其他条件的情况下，从甲公司的角度看，下列各项中属于本企业与债权人之间财务关系的是（）。（南京大学2011金融硕士） A．甲公司与乙公司之间的关系 B．甲公司与丙公司之间的关系 C．甲公司与丁公两之间的关系 D．甲公司与戊公司之间的关系 【答案】D 【解析】甲公司与乙公司是商业信用关系；甲公司为丙公司的债权人；甲公司是丁公司的股东；戊公司是甲公司的债权人。 2．杜邦财务分析体系的核心指标是（）。（浙江财经学院2011金融硕士） A．总资产报酬率 B．可持续增长率 C．ROE D．销售利润率 【答案】C 【解析】杜邦分析体系是对企业的综合经营理财及经济效益进行的系统分析评价，其恒

等式为：ROE=销售利润率×总资产周转率×权益乘数。可以看到净资产收益率（ROE）反映所有者投入资金的获利能力，反映企业筹资、投资、资产运营等活动的效率，是一个综合性最强的财务比率，所以净资产收益率是杜邦分析体系的核心指标。 3．影响企业短期偿债能力的最根本原因是（）。（浙江财经学院2011金融硕士）A．企业的资产结构 B．企业的融资结构 C．企业的权益结构 D．企业的经营业绩 【答案】D 【解析】短期偿债能力比率是一组旨在提供企业流动性信息的财务比率，有时也被称为流动性指标。它们主要关心企业短期内在不引起不适当压力的情况下支付账单的能力，因此，这些指标关注企业的流动资产和流动负债，但短期偿债能力比率的大小会因行业类型而不同，影响企业短期偿债能力的最根本原因还是企业的经营业绩。 4．市盈率是投资者用来衡量上市公司盈利能力的重要指标，关于市盈率的说法不正确的是（）。（浙江工商大学2011金融硕士） A．市盈率反映投资者对每股盈余所愿意支付的价格 B．市盈率越高表明人们对该股票的评价越高，所以进行股票投资时应该选择市盈率最高的股票 C．当每股盈余很小时，市盈率不说明任何问题 D．如果上市公司操纵利润，市盈率指标也就失去了意义