剑九阅读真题William Henry Perkin做题分析

剑九阅读真题William Henry Perkin做题分析

一篇雅思文章拿下来，我们可以先看文章，再看题目，也可以先看题目再看文章，这两种做题的顺序都各有利弊，孰好孰坏取决于每个人看文章做题的习惯。今天，我们借助一篇剑九阅读真题William Henry Perkin,向大家讲解一种新的做题方式——做题看文章交叉进行。一边做题一边看文章，做题看文章交叉进行，乍听之下也许大家会觉得很容易造成阅读混乱，但其实不然，这种做题方式不但省时省事，而且准确率也高。接下来我们一起来看看做题看文章交叉进行这种方法是如何运用在具体的文章中的。

在雅思阅读真题Test 1的reading passage 1 William Henry Perkin，运用做题看文章交叉进行，我们可以很快地把题目做出来，而且无需反复回原文查看。

好吧，我们一起开始做题，记住，且行且思，且看题目且看文章，且思考。

1 Michael Faraday was the first person to recognize Perkin’s ability as a student of chemistry.

第一道题目讲的是Michael Faraday是第一个赏识Perkin作为一个化学学生所具有的才能，我们猜测考点可能是the first person，立即阅读文章William Henry Perkin：The man who invented synthetic dyes。文章第一段William Henry Perkin was born on March 12, 1838, in London, England. As a boy, Perkin?s curiosity prompted early interests in the art s, sciences, photography, and engineering. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather?s home that solidified the young man?s enthusiasm for chemistry.大致讲了Perkin的幼年，没找到答案，继续看第二段As a student at the City of London School, Perkin became immersed in the study of chemistry. His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the R oyal Institution. Those speeches fired the young chemist?s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.我们找到His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall。Thomas Hall鼓励他参加了一系列皇家学院知名科学家Michael Faraday所做的讲座。由此我们知道Michael Faraday不是第一个赏识Perkin的人，在他之前还有Thomas Hall，题目到此我们可以判断为FALSE。

2 Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.

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第二道题目讲的是Michael Faraday建议Perkin入学皇家化学学院。我们在做第一道题目时已经读到to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. Those speeches fired the young chemist?s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.我们并没有从这段文章看到有关Michael Faraday建议Perkin入学皇家化学学院的信息，初步判断是NOT GIVEN，当文章看到最后我们也确实没看到任何相关信息。

3 Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant.

第三道题讲的是Perkin雇佣August Wilhelm Hofmann作为他的助手。我们继续阅读文章At the time of Perkin?s enrolment, the Royal College of Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. Perkin?s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann?s attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann?s youngest assistant.文中讲到Perkin的科学天分很快引起了Hofmann的注意，不到两年后，他成了Hofmann最年轻的助手。谁是谁的助手，分清人物关系我们很快就知道答案是FALSE。

4 Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.

第四道题目讲的是当Perkin的发现使得他名利双收的时候他仍然很年轻。我们继续阅读Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune. 那之后没多久，Perkin就做出了科学上的突破，而这一突破将会使他名利双收。Perkin这时候确实仍然很年轻。答案出来了，TRUE。

5The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America.

第五道题目讲的是提取出quinine的树仅生长在南美洲（quinine是奎宁，我们就算不知道quinine是什么，但至少知道是从树提取出来的一种东西）我们阅读文章At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. The drug is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America, and by 1856 demand for the drug was surpassing the available supply. Thus, when Hofmann made some passing comments about the desirability of a synthetic substitute for quinine, it was unsurprising that his star pupil was moved to take up the challenge.知道The drug is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America, 这种药取自原产南美洲的金鸡纳树的树皮，是不是仅仅生长在南美洲文章也没有明确给出，初步判断是NOT GIVEN，看到文章后面也没有看到相关信息。

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6 Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product.

第六道题讲的是Perkin希望从煤焦油废料产物中制造出药品。我们继续看文章During his vacation in 1856, Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on the top floor of his family?s house. He was attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product.知道He was attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product.文中讲的是他在尝试

从苯胺中生产奎宁，这是一种便宜而好找的煤焦油废料产物。题目与文章说法相对应，所以是TRUE。

7 Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur.

第七道题目讲的是Perkin被著名的科学家Louis Pasteur的发现所鼓舞。我们继续看文章Despite his best efforts, however, he did not end up with quinine. Instead, he produced a mysterious dark sludge. Luckily, Perkin?s scientific training and nature prompted him to investigate the substance further. Incorporating potassium dichromate and alcohol into the aniline at various stages of the experimental process, he finally produced a deep purple solution. And, providing the truth of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur?s words …chance favors only the prepared mind?, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected find.文中讲的是事态的发展完全验证了著名科学家路易巴斯德的名言“机遇只偏爱那些有准备的头脑”，Perkin看到了自己这不期而至之发现的潜在价值。文章中没有提到Louis Pasteur的发现，只提到他的名言，所以是NOT GIVEN。

8 Before Perkin’s discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?

第八道题讲的是在Perkin的发现之前，紫色是那种社会群体使用的。我们继续阅读文章Historically, textile dyes were made from such natural sources as plants and animal excretions. Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive. Indeed, the purple color extracted from a snail was once so costly that in society at the time only the rich could afford it. Further, natural dyes tended to me muddy in hue and fade quickly. It was against this backdrop that Perkin?s discovery was made.文章中的句子Indeed, the purple color extracted from a snail was once so costly that in society at the time only the rich could afford it.讲到实际上，从一种蜗牛身上提取而来的紫色曾经一度昂贵到在当时的社会上，只有富人才买得起，所以答案是The rich。

9 What potential did Perkin immediately understand that his new dye had?

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第九道问的是Perkin很快明白他的新染料具有的潜在价值。我们继续读文章Perkin quickly grasped that his purple solution could be used to color fabric, thus making it the world?s first synthetic dye. Realizing the importance of this breakthrough, he lost no time in patenting it. But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perkin?s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities.句子中的But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perkin?s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities。文中讲到在Perkin对其发现所做出的所有反应中最令人惊叹的，是他几乎立刻就看到了这种新染料有着商业上的无限可能性，所以答案是Commercial。

10 What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?

第十题问的是Perkin发明的第一种颜色最后使用的名字。我们继续阅读文章Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the color violet).句中Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the color violet). Perkin起初将他的染料命名为“提尔紫”，但这种颜色后来普遍被人们称作“mauve”红紫色（这个词来源于法语中用来制造violet紫色的植物的名称）所以答案为Mauve。

11 What was the name of the person Perkin consulted before setting up his own dye works?

第十一题问的是在建立起他自己的染料工场前，Perkin咨询的那个人的名字。我们继续阅读文章He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the color remained fast (i.e. would not fade) and the cost was relatively low. So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry. 他向苏格兰染料工厂主Robert Pullar征询建议，后者向他保证说，如果这种颜色能始终保持牢固（也就是不褪色），并且生产成本相对低廉的话，就很有生产制造的价值。因此，尽管他的良师益友Hofmann 表示了激烈的反对，他还是离开了大学，也是实际上创立了现代化学（染料）工业，所以答案是Robert Pullar。

12 In what country did Perkin’s newly invente d color first become fashionable?

第十二题问的是Perkin新发明的颜色第一次在哪个国家变得流行。我们继续阅读文章With the help of his father and brother, Perkin set up a factory not far from London.

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Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited byproduct of London?s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world?s first synthetically dyed material in 1857. The company received a commercial boost form the Empress Eugenie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable ladies in that country.文章中讲到这家公司在商业发展上得到了法国皇后Eugenie一臂之力的推动，因为她觉得这种新颜色很衬自己。很快，mauve红紫色就成了法国所有时尚女士的必备颜色，所以答案是France。

13 According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?

第十三题问的是研究员使用合成染料被用于对抗哪种疾病。我们继续阅读Not to be outdone, England?s Queen Victoria also appeared in public wearing a mauve gown, thus making it all the rage in England as well. The dye was bold and fast, and the public clamoured for more. Perkin went back to the drawing board.没看到相关答案，继续看下一段Although Perkin?s fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859) and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin?s green. It is important to note that Perkin?s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria.文中讲到如果Perkin 泉下有知一定会对此感到格外开怀，它们目前正被用来寻找一种对抗疟疾的疫苗，所以答案是Malaria。

到这里，文章看完了，题目做完了，这就是做题看文章交叉进行，这种做题方式不一定适用于每一个同学，对于基础较好的同学，此方法会有很大的帮助，希望考生们在不断的做题中，摸索出适合自己的做题方法，适合自己的就是最好的。

在雅思备考的路上行走时，我们需要思考，但不能一味思考而停滞不前，就像这篇文章的解题过程一样，且行且思。

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