(完整word版)高中英语语法冠词及其用法讲解
第一讲冠词及用法讲解
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种：定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词。
一、不定冠词: 基本用法
不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前，其中 a 用于以辅音音素（辅音音素24个/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/m/、/l/、/r/ 等,不是辅音字母）开始的词前。而an 是用于以元音音素（元音音素20个/i:/、/i/、/e/、/au/ 等, 不是元音字母a，e，i，o，u）开始的词前。如：a university，a useful tool，a computer，an orange，an hour，an 800-meter bridge，
典型例句
1、与可数名词单数连用，表示类别。
--I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.--You shouldn't put drinks near a computer. （2006 年北京卷）
2、泛指某人或某物，表示“某一个”，相当于a certain。
--Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? （2006年全国I卷）
--Sorry, wrong number. There isn't a Mr. Smith here.
3、用于数量、时间等名词前，表示“每一（单位）的……”相当于per。
I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays. （2003年上海卷)
4、用于固定词组中。a knowledge of ，have a gift for，give sb. a ride，a couple of，have a good time，keep a diary，in a hurry，once in a while，at a loss，tell a lie，do sb. a favor。
二、定冠词的基本用法
1、用来特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。所特指的名词常被短语或定语从句所所修饰。Of all the reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was the most important one.（2006年辽宁卷）
2、指说话的双方都知道的人或事物。
Don't worry if you can't come to the party. I'll save some cake for you. （2006年浙江卷）
3、复述上文中提到的事物。
There is a shelf in my father's room. The shelf is new.
4、用于单数可数名词之前，表示该类事物，相当于a。
When you come here for your holiday next time, don't go to the hotel; I can find you a bed in my flat. （2004年全国I卷）5、序数词和形容词最高级前。比较级前若表示特指时也要用定冠词the 。
The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have a third one because the second one is rather too small. （2002年上海春季卷）I want to chat with the taller of the two men.
6、在表示方位、乐器的名词前。
Summer in the south of France is for the most part dry and sunny. （2000年北京春季卷）play the piano, play the violin
7、用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。the Smiths
8、表示世界上独一无二事物的名词前。the sun，the moon，the earth，the world。
9、用于由普通名词构成的专有名词、江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河及某些建筑物等名称前。
According to the World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent the spread of AIDS.（2006年全国II卷）
After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson a ride to the Capital Airport. （2005年安徽卷）
10、在某些形容词之前，可表示某一类人。the rich，the poor，the old，the wounded，the living，the dead。
三、不用冠词(零冠词)情况：
1、人名、地名（街名、广场名、公园名）、大学名、国名、病名前。
Wang Fu Jing Street，Pei Hai Park 北海公园，Beijing University 但也可说the University of Beijing。
2、抽象名词表示一般概念时，一般不用冠词。
When you finish reading the book, you will have a better understandingof life. （2004年辽宁卷）3、物质名词表示一般概念时，一般不用冠词。The warmth of the sweater will of course be determined by the sort of wool used.（2001年全国卷）
4、表示职位或头衔的抽象名词前，常不用冠词。但表示具体的人时，加the 。
We will elect engineer Liu director of our factory. 类似的名词还有：president，monitor，headmaster，mayor 等。
5、表示季节、月份、星期几、节、假日等表示时间的名称前，不用冠词。但我国的阴历节前要用the。
Children's Day，Women's Day，May Day the Spring Festival。
6、三餐、学科名称、球类活动和棋类游戏的名称前，不用冠词。play basketball，play chess。
7、man 作“人类”讲时，同human，mankind 一样不用冠词。
While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made a discovery, which completely changed man's understanding of color. （2004年广东卷）
8、by 与表示“通信、交通”的词连用，表示通信,交通手段时，不用冠词。If you go by train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get a fast one. （2005年全国III 卷）
9、复数名词前不用冠词泛指类别。
It is often said that teachers have a very easy life. （2005年北京卷）
10、有些名词与介词搭配表示抽象意义，不加冠词，常作状语。
His daughter is always shy in public and she never dares to make a speech to the public.（2001年上海卷）in surprise/wonder/danger/tears/comfort，in love with，under pressure，beyond expression 等。
典例精析：
1. _______ walk is expected to last all day, so bring _______ packed lunch. （2007年山东卷）
A. A；a
B. The；不填
C. The；a
D. A；不填
解析：the walk 是指大家心中都明白的walk ，因此用定冠词特指；a packed lunch 是泛指，指一份盒饭。答案：C。
2. --Could you tell me the way to _______ Johnsons, please?
--Sorry, we don't have _______ Johnson here in the village. （2007年全国II卷）
A. the；the
B. the； a C不填；the D. the；不填
解析：“the +复数姓氏”表示“夫妇”或“全家”。在人的姓前加 a ，表示“某个姓……的人”。所以选 B 。
3. I looked under _____bed and found ______book I lost last week. （2007年北京卷）
A. the；a
B. the；the
C. 不填；the
D. the；不填
解析：bed特指说话的双方心目中的那张床，要用定冠词the 。book 后接定语从句，特指上周丢失的那本书，要用定冠词the 。所以选B 。
4. I wanted to catch _____early train, but couldn't get _____ride to the station. （2007年天津卷）
A. an；the
B./；the
C. an；/
D. the；a
解析：early train 特指早班火车，要用定冠词the 。ride 表示泛指要用不定冠词a。所以选 D 。5. Christmas is ______ special holiday when ______whole family are supposed to get together.（2007年辽宁卷）
A. the；the
B. a；a
C. the；a
D. a；the
解析：这句话的意思是：圣诞节是一个整个家庭应该聚在一起的特殊的节日。 A special holiday“一个特殊的节日”，是泛指，用不定冠词a 。the whole family 特指“整个家庭”，用定冠词the 。所以选D 。
冠词用法口诀
四．冠词的活用。
1. 抽象名词具体化时，被具体化的名词可能会和a, an 连用。如a heavy rain, a surprise 一件惊奇的事, a pleasure, a success/ failure等。
Exercises: 1. I don’t think my chances of ___________ success were very good.
2. The gift came as _____________ complete surprise to me.
2. 表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前面一般要加定冠词，但是如果此类名词有修饰成分，也可以用a/ an 如：the moon, a full moon, in the world, in a world without air
3. 牢记高考中常见的纯不可数名词，它们前面永远不能加不定冠词。如：weather, space, fun, advice, news, information, progress
4. 专有名词前冠词的用法比较复杂，但一般情况下不含普通名词的专有名词前不用冠词，如Beijing, New York. The Changjiang River, The Great Wall
5. 易混结构
the +比较级表示两者中比较…的一个the taller one of the two brothers
a + 比较级，表示一个更…的The story is not very interesting. I will tell you a more interesting one.
a most= a very 无比较范围，无比较含义He is a most hard-working student.
the +序数词表示顺序This is the second one.
a/an +序数词, 不表顺序，表示又一，再一can you give me a second chance?
1.______recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_____ year 2090.
A, the B. A, / C. The ,/ D. The, a
2.If you go by ______train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get _____fast one.
A. /, /
B./, a
C. the, a
D./,/
3. It is often said that ____teachers have _______very easy life.
A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, a
4. I can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left _____city ,I only remember it was ______ Monday.
A. the , the
B. a ,the
C. a, a
D. the, a
5.If you grow up in ______large family ,you are more likely to develop _____ability to get on well with ______others .
A. /,an the
B. a, the ,/
C. the ,an ,the
D. a, the ,the
6.Mrs ,Taylor has ___8-year-old daughter who has _____gift for painting –she has won two national prizes.
A. a, a
B. an ,the
C. an ,a
D. the
7.Afetr dinner he gave Mr. Richardson ________ride to ________Capital Airport.
A .the, a B. a the C. /, a D. /, the
8.On May 5,2005,at ___World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong Ling hui and WangHao
won the gold medal in men’s with ____score of 4:1.
A. a ,a
B. / the
C. a ,/
D. the ,a
9.I knew ______John Lennon ,but not ____famous one.
A. /,a
B. a ,the
C. /,the
D. the, a
10.The book tells ____life story of John Smith ,who left _______school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.
A. the, the
B. a , the
C. the./
D. a,/
11.When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to _____hotel ; I can find you ______bed in my flat.
A. the ,a
B. the,/
C. a ,th e
D. a,/
12.If you buy more than ten, they will knock 20 pence off________.
A. a price
B. price
C. the price
D. prices
13.____on-going division between English –speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _______major concern of the country.
A. The ,/
B. The ,a
C. An ,the
D. An,/ 14.When he left _____college ,he got a job as ______reporter in a newspaper office .
A. /, a B /, the C .a the D .the, the
15The most important thing about cotton in history is ___part that it played in ____Industrial Revolution.
A. /,/
B. the,/
C. the , the
D. a ,the
16.While he was investigating ways t improve the telescope Newton made _______discovery which completely changed ____ man’s understanding of color.
A. a ,/
B. a ,the
C. /, the
D. the ,a
17.It is ___world of wonders, _____world where anything can happen.
A. a. the
B. a, a
C. the, a
D. /,/
19.Tom owns ______larger collection of ______books than any other student in our class.
A. the ,/
B. a,/
C. a ,the
D. /, the
20.For a long time they walked without saying ___word .Jim was the first t break _____silence.
A. the, a
B. a ,the
C. a ,/
D. the,/
21.There was ____time _____I hated t go to school.
A. a ,that
B. a ,when
C. the ,that
D. the ,when
22.When you finish reading the book ,you will have ______better understanding of ______life.,
A. a, the
B. the .a
C. /,the
D.a,/
23.I earn 10dollars ____hours as ____supermarket cashier on Saturday.
A.a, an
B. the ,a
C. an ,a D . an ,the 24The sign reads “in ease of___fire ,break the glass and push _____red button”
A. /,a
B. /,the
C. the ,the
D. a ,a
25.I don’t like talking on ______telephone ; I prefer writing ____letter.
A.a, the
B. the./
C. the ,the
D. A ,/
26.Jumping out of ____airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _____exciting experience.
A. /, the
B. /, an
C. an. an
D. the, the
27.One way to understand thousands of new words in gain _____good knowledge of basic word formation.
A./ B the C. a D. one
28.The cakes are delicious . He’d like have ______third one because _____second one is rather
too small.
A. a, a
B. the .the
C. a ,the
D. the ,a
29.A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ____leg.
A. a B .one C. the D. his
30.The warmth of _____sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ___wool used.
A. the, the
B. the ,/
C. /, the
D. /,/
答案：
1．A report 可数名词，a recent report 一份近来的报告，是泛指；第二个空填the 表特指示2090年。
2．B. by train 乘火车，by 在接交通工具类的同时，一般不接冠词，如by bike , by ship ; 根据句意第二个空应该是泛指。
3．B．teachers 此处用名词复数表泛指，指一切老师；have a ……life 相当于live /lead a……life 过一种、、、、、、样的生活
4．D. leave the city 离开这座城市。a Monday 一个星期一，表泛指。
5.B. a large family 一个大家庭；the ability此处表泛指“与别人相处好的能力”；others其他人表泛指。
6．C. have a gift for …有做、、、的天赋，相当于have a talent for.
7.B. give sb. a ride 让某人搭车，此处ride 是可数名词，表示“搭车”。
8.D. the World Table Tennis Championship是专有名词，由普通名词构成的专有名词，一般前
面要加the；with a score of ……比分是……
9.B. a John Lennon 一个叫做John Lennon的人，表泛指。
10. C leave school 毕业
11．A. go to the hotel 去旅店；a bed 此处表泛指，“一个地方”
12．C. the price 此处表特指，“原价”。
13．B.此句的意思是：在讲英语的加拿大人和讲法语的加拿大人之间的那种逐渐增长的分歧是这个国家一个主要担心的问题。第一个空用the 表特指；第二个空用a表泛指，泛指主要是担心问题中的一个。
14.A. leave college 大学毕业
15.C.the part 特指在工业革命避所起的作用；the Industrial Revolution工业革命
16.A,make a discovery 有了一个发现；man’s understanding of color人类对于颜色的理解，在
物主代词，名词所有格前，一般不用加冠词，man 用单数形式，前面不加冠词，可以表示“人类”。
17. B. a world of wonders 一个充满奇迹的世界；第二个空a world 是前面的同位语，因此还
依然用a表泛指
19.B. a large collection of …一个较大的收集……books 用复数此处表泛指。
20.B.saying a word ,此处a word 指“一个字”；the silence 表特指此时此刻的“沉默”
2１.B. a time 表示一段时间，when 引导定语从句修饰a time.
22.D.have a better understanding of ……对、、、、、有一种更好的理解。
23.D. an hour 表示“每小时”；后一空中的a表示“一个”
24.B.句中fire为不可数名词，前面不用冠词，表示类别；而the red button用于特指，区别
于其他的按纽。
25.B. on the telephone 为固定用法，而第二个空中的letters 表示类别；
26.C. airplane 为可数名词，an airplane 表示泛指，而此处的experience表示“经历”，为可数名词，an exciting experience意为“一次刺激的经历”
27. C.当某些不可数抽象名词含义具体化，而被某些修饰词修饰时，前面要加不定冠词。如
a betty understanding of the passage , a good knowledge of English.
28.C.当序数词表示顺序时前面要回定冠词修饰；当表示“又一；再一”时，前面用不定冠词修饰。
29.C本题考查习惯用法，结构为动词＋sb+介词+the +身体的某个部位。
30.B.句意为“一种毛衣的保暖性取决于所用的羊毛的种类”，此处的the sweater 不是表示特指，而是表示种类；而第二个空中的the sort of wool =the wool ,表示特指的某种。
冠词用法详解
英语零冠词用法详解 英语零冠词用法详解 一、用于物质名词前。物质名词表示泛指或一般概念时，通常用零冠词：Snow is white. 雪是白色的。 Water boils at 100℃. 水在摄氏度沸腾。 【注】. 若特指，物质名词前可用定冠词： Let’s take a walk in the snow. 咱们在雪地里走走。 2. 表示一种、一杯、一场、一阵、一份等这样的概念时，可用不定冠词：It was a very good tea. 这是一种很好的茶。 A heavy snow was falling. 下着一场大雪(from https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ac17462701.html,)。 A tea and two coffees, please. 请给我来一杯茶和两杯咖啡。 2. 用于抽象名词前。抽象名词表示泛指或一般概念时，通常用零冠词： Do you like music? 你喜欢音乐吗? Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 表示泛指或一般概念的抽象名词前，即使有一描绘性修饰语，仍用零冠词：I like light music very much. 我非常喜欢轻音乐。 【注】. 若特指，抽象名词前可用定冠词： I like the music of Mozart. 我喜欢莫扎特的曲子。 2. 若表示一种或一类之类的概念，可用不定冠词： Physics is a science. 物理是一门科学(from https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ac17462701.html,)。 3. 若表示动作的一次、一例、一番等，可用不定冠词： I must have a wash first. 我得先洗一洗。 4. 若表示与抽象名词意义相关的具体的人或事，可用不定冠词： It’s been a pleasure to be with you. 和你在一起很愉快。 二、用于专有名词前。在通常情况下，专有名词前用零冠词： Mary is my best friend. 玛丽是我最好的朋友。 三、用于复数名词前。复数名词表示类别时，通常用零冠词： Teachers should be kind to their students 老师应该对学生友好。 泛指不定量的人或物，也用零冠词(from https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ac17462701.html,)： We are students of Class Five. 我们是五班的学生。 【注】若特指，复数名词前应用定冠词： The teachers should attend the meeting 教师应参加会议。 四、用于单数可数名词前。单数可数名词前用零冠词，主要有以下情况： 1. 用于表示家庭成员或nurse, cook, teacher 等名词前： Mother is not at home. 妈妈不在家。 Ask nurse to put the child to bed. 叫保姆抱孩子到床上去睡觉。 2. 单数可数名词用作呼语，通常用零冠词： How is she, doctor? 医生，她怎么样? Can you drive me to the station, driver? 司机，请送我去车站，好吗? 3. 在“(a) kind [sort] of＋名词”这一结构中，名词通常用零冠词： This kind of book is very interesting. 这种书很有趣。 What kind of soap do you like best? 你最喜欢哪一种肥皂? 五、其他用零冠词的场合 1. 节假日、星期、月份、季节等通常用零冠词： We had a good time on Christmas Day. 我们在圣诞节过得很愉快。Monday comes before Tuesday. 星期二在星期一之后。 He was born in September, 1988. 他出生于1988年月。 【注】①我国用Festival 构成的传统节日通常用定冠词： the Spring Festival 春节the Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节 ②若表示特指或心目中的专指，星期、月份、季节等名词前可用定冠词：He went abroad in the September of 1988. 他于年9月出国。
(完整版)定冠词the口诀及用法举例
顺口溜 顺口溜(1) 沙漠河流与群山，岛屿海峡和海湾；阶级党派国家名，组织团体和机关； 方位朝代最高级，会议条约及报刊；人体部位发明物，顺序唯一加习惯； 乐器建筑海洋类，年代姓氏复数前；特定比较涵义时，定冠词the都不删。 不定冠词用法口诀（2） 泛指首提为最多，有时表示某“一个”；物质抽象表“一场”，So加形容再“a”； 可数名词为“一类”，序数词前“又一个”Quite等词常放后，固定短语须琢磨。 不用冠词顺口溜(3 ) 年季月周节日餐，人地抽名物质专；成对使用及洲名，学科球棋和语言 Turn之表语头衔前，独立主格时无冠；可数名词代修饰，让步倒装名形前； 交通工具冠词删，灵活运用是关键。 不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音音素开头的词前，"an"用在以元音音素开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。一般情况下，an用在元音之前，而不是原音字母之前，例如hour，第一个元音是“啊”，故用an。当字母单独出现时 A E I O R S F H L X 也要使用不定冠词"an"，其次特别要注意的是U 这个字母单独出现发的并不是原音同理UNIVERSITY USUAL也都不用不定冠词"an"。 1. 用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示"一" There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。 2. 表示一类人和东西 A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。 也可用定冠词the+形容词代表一类人） The poor are still poor. 3. 表示"某一个"的意思 A gentleman wants to see you. 有一位先生要见你。 4. 表示"同一"的意思 They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。 The two shirts are much of a size. 这两件衬衫大小差不多。 5. 表示"每一"的意思 We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。 6. 用在作表语的单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业 My mother is a teacher. 我妈妈是教师。 7. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个 Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter. 很久很久以前，有一个年老的国王，他有一个非常美丽的女儿。 8. 在英国英语中，以"h"开头的多音节词，如第一个音节不重读，其前亦可用"an" There is an hotel near here. 这附近有一家旅馆。
冠词a,anthe以及零冠词的用法及练习详解
冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。一．不定冠词（a, an） 1.指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。 3.表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day. 4.表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 That boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋） 6.用于固定词组中 a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7.用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one. 8.用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. 9.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前 success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事 a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事 a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西 a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识 10.与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。 In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language. 为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语。 二．定冠词（the） 1.表示某一类人或物 In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the 2.用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3.表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? 4.用于演奏乐器 play the violin, play the guitar 5.用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded 6.表示“一家人”或“夫妇”（对比上文的不定冠词用法5） —Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please? —Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.
高中英语语法-冠词讲解及练习
冠词用法 一. 不定冠词的用法 1. 表泛指，表首次提到的、不限定的人或物。 There is a book on the desk. 2. a/an+ 单数n.表类别，指一类人或事物。 A horse is a useful animal. 3.表one, a certain, every, the same I’ll return in a day or two. A Mr. White is waiting for you downstairs. The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. They are nearly of an age. 4.用在抽象名词前，a + 抽象名词，即抽象名词具体化。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. It is a pleasure to talk with you. It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. a surprise/success/failure 5.与物质名词连用，表示“一种，一阵、一份”。 What a heavy rain! What a good supper! Please give me a black coffee! 6. 在同位语中，常用a/an+ n.（one） Mike and Lucy, a newly married couple, had a happy honeymoon in Paris. 7. 用在某些固定词组中. after a while 过了一会儿all of a sudden 突然as a rule 通常as a result 结果，因此as a matter of fact 事实上as a whole 大体上at a loss 不知所措in a hurry 急忙 in a way 在某种程度上in a word 总而言之put an end to… 结束…come to an end 结束come to a conclusion 得出结论have a good time 玩得愉快have a rest 休息一下have a cold 感冒have a word with 和…谈一谈make a living 谋生make a fire 生火make a fool of 愚弄take a walk a knowledge of, a understanding of, a collection of 8. 不定冠词的特殊位置 1）as/so/too/how/however+ adj.+ a/an+单数n. So short a time. Too long a distance. 2) what/such/half+ a/an+单数n. I have never seen such an animal. 二. 定冠词的用法 1.表特指的人或物 Look at the blackboard. There is a book on the desk. The book is an English book. 2. the+单数n.表类别 The horse is a useful animal. 3. 表世界上独一无二的事物，但若此类名词前有修饰成分，也可用a/an the sun, the earth, the moon, the sky, the universe a full moon but: in nature, in space, in society, in history
人教版高中英语【必修二】[语法讲解
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1. This is our school. It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2. This is our school. We study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. →I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Wangkai. the boy =who 3. The boy whose parents are working outside was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
教案模板初中英语冠词的分类和用法讲解
个性化教学设计方案 教师姓名上课日期 学生姓名年级学科 课题 学习目标 教学重、难点 师生活动设计意向教学过程 初中英语冠词的分类和用法讲解 不定冠词的用法 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助 指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠 词（Zero Article）。 不定冠词a（an）与数词one 同源，是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前， 一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。 1）表示“一个”，意为one；指某人或某物，意为 a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 2）代表一类人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3）词组或成语。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 定冠词的用法 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那（这）个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 1）特指双方都明白的人或物： Take the medicine.把药吃了。 2）上文提到过的人或事： He bought a house.I’ve been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。 3）指世上独一物二的事物： the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth 4）单数名词连用表示一类事物： 如：the dollar 美元；the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人；the living 生者。 5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面： Where do you live？I live on the second floor. 你住在哪？我住在二层。 那正是我要找的东西。 That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for.
高中英语语法知识点总结之冠词讲解
高中英语语法知识点总结 冠词 高考对冠词的考查集中在基本用法上，主要既反映在对泛指、特指及固定短语冠词的考查。抽象名词、物质名词的具体化依然是高考的重点、难点。 一、不定冠词 不定冠词a，an与one同源，表示微弱的一的概念，但并不强调数目，用来表示不确定的人或事物。 A用在辅音前，而不是辅音字母前；an用在元音前，而不是元音字母前。 a university in Asia 1.表示同类中的任何一个 A cat has nine lives. 2.表示泛指的某人、某物 I know a John Lennon，but not the famous one. 3.表示数量的一He has a daughter. 4. 表示单位数量的每一I earn 10 dollars an hour. 5.表示相同的 The two birds are of a color. 6. 用于集体名词前 He grows up in a large family. 7. 在某种情况下可用于抽象名词和物质名词前China has a long history. 二、定冠词的用法 1.表示特定的人或物
2.表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的事物 主要指各种天体及世界上比较有影响的物体。The sun，the moon，the earth 3．表示地点、方向、时间、方式等at the corner 在拐角处 1）在表示季节的名词前常不用冠词。In spring 在春天 2) 具体某年的某个季节，需用冠词。In the summer of the year2008 3）用于序数词或形容词的最高级前the first the second 4）用于形容词前使其名词化the rich the poor 5）用于复数姓氏前，表示―夫妇‖或全家The Smiths 6）用于乐器名词前 Play the piano 7）用于by+the+计量单位名词 By the pound 1. 用于复数名词前 复数名词泛指某类人或物时，其前通常用零冠词。Students should obey the school rules. 学生应该遵守校规。复数名词若需特指，则要加定冠词。The students are too lazy. 这些学生太懒。 2. 用于不可数名词前 不可数名词表示泛指时，其前通常用零冠词。如：Bread is made from flour. 面包是用面粉做的。 Wood is a poor conductor of sound. 木头是声音的不良导体。不可数名词若需特指，则要加定冠词。 He sawed the wood into three pieces. 他把木头锯成三块。 3.用于专有名词前 在通常情况下，专有名词前要用零冠词。如：
【英语】冠词讲解及练习
【英语】冠词讲解及练习 一、单项选择冠词 1．He was walking along the beach. All of _____ sudden, he saw a beautiful girl dancing ______ music. A．a; with B．/ ; with C．/ ; to D．a ; to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查固定用法。句意：他在海滩上散步。突然，他看见一个漂亮的女孩随着音乐跳舞。all of a sudden为固定搭配，意为“突然地，出乎意料地”，而dance to music 为固定搭配，意为“随着音乐跳舞”。故选D。 2．Wild animals have been overhunted, and as ____ result, some of them are among the animals in ______danger. A．a; the B．a; / C．the; a D．/ ; the 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查冠词。句意：野生动物已经被过度猎杀，结果，一些已经成了濒危生物。as a result结果，in danger处于危险中，濒危，故选B。 考点：考查冠词 3．_______ unexpected heavy rain usually causes _______ great change. A．The; the B．An; 不填C．An; the D．The; a 【答案】B 【解析】 考查冠词。一场意外的大雨，是泛指用不定冠词，后面单词词首音素是元音，故用an。下文巨大变化，抽象名词不可数，泛指不用冠词。故选B。 4．What ________ wonderful time we had at ________ Sm iths’ then! A．a; 不填B．a; the C．不填；the D．the; the 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：那时我们在史密斯家有一段多么美好的日子呀！第一空：time 在这指日子，时期。是可数名词所以用a,第二空：the+ Smiths,指史密斯一家，所以选B。 5．Beginning college is exciting：many of us can be easily overwhelmed by _______ details of running ________ well-balanced life. A．／; the B．the; a C．／; a D．the; ／
冠词的讲解(史上最全冠词讲解)
冠词 一、不定冠词的用法 a an 1.a 辅音音标an 元音音标开头 1. a pen a European country an elephant an hour a useful pen 2.单数可数名词前 He works six days a week There is an island over there 3.单数可数名词前表一类人或物 A tailor makes clothees An owl can see in the dark 猫头鹰 4.首次提及的人或物 She is sitting on a chair Charlie bought a new motorbike 5.a/an相当于one 表示数量“一” I have a yellow umbrella 6.相当于some“某个” A Mr.Green called you just now 7.表示“成对”概念 There is a knife and fork on the table 比较：there is a knife and a fork on the table 一个刀子和一个叉子 8.固定搭配 Have a fever have a look have a good time 有一个快乐的时刻 Have a bath have a talk many a time很多次In a word总之 9.and 连接的两个名词前 They are a teacher and a writer She is a teacher and writer老师兼作家 10. 表示"每一"的意思 We go swimming four times a week. 二、定冠词的用法 1.特指双方都明白的人或物 Take the medicine.把药吃了。 2.上文提到过的人或事 He bought a house.I've been to the house. 他买了幢房子我去过那幢房子3.有后置定语的 the way to do sth He is the man who teaches us English 4.指世上独一无二的事物 the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth，the world the universe 5.序数词前 The first the second the third 6.最高级前 The most beautiful the brightest 7.江河湖海地里专有名词 The River Seine the Great wall 8. 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人或夫妇
高中英语二轮复习语法---冠词讲解
高三二轮语法复习——冠词 一、定冠词the 1.特指。(说话双方都知道的人或事物。上文提到的人或事物。有修饰限定的词。) I ate a sandwich while I was waiting for the 20:08 train. I like the color of your skirt. It’s a good match for your blouse. I have learned that it’s taking a long time to become the person I want to be. 2.与名词相关的特殊用法 1）世界上独一无二的事物 the universe ; the sun ; the moon 2）发明物 Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 3）乐器（中国民族乐器除外） play the violin 4）身体部位（固定搭配） hit/strike sb on the head hit/strike sb in the face seize/take sb by the arm be red in the face / be lame in the right leg / be blind in the left eye 5）方位名词 The North is colder than the South. To the northeast of Nanjing lies Yangzhou. 6）计量单位 by the hour / day / dozen / pond / yard As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid by the hour. 特例：by weight / size/ time Meat is sold by weight.
冠词的用法详细讲解
冠词的用法详解 英语中冠词分为定冠词the 和不定冠词a/an两种。冠词一般不单独使用，往往放在名词前面，表示不同的意义。 一：a 和an区别 A用于辅音前，an用于元音前。特别注意的是an用于元音因素（发音）而不是字母前。 1. 拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音开头的单词 hour, honest, honor等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用an。可熟记下面这句话： An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task. (一小时前，一位诚实的人接受了一项光荣的任务。) 2. 拼写以元音字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词 useful, university, usual, European, united, one-eyed, one-way等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用a。可熟记下面这句话： In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This is a usual thing. (在一所大学里，有一个欧洲人和一个独眼龙拿着有用的工具沿着一条单行道行走，这是件平常的事。)如： Five years ago her brother was ________ university student of ________ physics. (上海卷) A. a; the B. an; the C. an; / D. a; / 【分析】答案选D。因为university是以辅音[j]开头的要用a，排除B和C；physics是学科名词，前面不用冠词。 3. 英文字母前用a还是用an的问题
冠词用法详解
冠词使用详解 ·特指vs 泛指： ·不定冠词的用法：（a/an 与one 同源）（3） ? 一个 ? 某一个 ? 某类人或物：→作表语 →作同位语 →作主语 整个这类人或物 加冠词！ ①可数名词单数→加a ②可数名词复数→some any ③不可数名词→多数情况不加任何东西，有时会加 some 、any 类指 专指
·定冠词的用法（the与this/that同源）（5） ?和个体名词的单数、复数连用，表示某（些）个特定的人或物 ?+单数名词，表一类人或东西 ?与某些n.连用，表示民族、阶级、阶层、一家人 ?与adj.连用，表示一类人或一种品质 ?与世界上独一无二的事物连用Eg. the outer space ·零冠词的用法：（6） ?当一个名词作表语或者是同位语等表示一个领导职位时，零冠词！ ?个体名词抽象化后，零冠词！ ?表示季节、月份、日期的名词前，一般零冠词！如果有．限制性定语，应加定冠词！Eg. Nanchang Uprising took place on the 1st of August, 1927. It happened in the summer of 1937. ?在daybreak/dusk/dawn/noon/midnight/sunset/sunrise这类名词前通常零冠词！ ?在呼语、家人及亲属名称后常零冠词！ ?在一些并列名词前可以零冠词！ ·冠词与专有名词的用法 定冠词： （一）某些地理名词前要加定．冠词 江河海洋 长江The Yangtze River 哈德孙河The Hudson River 珠江The Pearl River 红海The Red Sea 地中海The mediterranean 印度洋The India Ocean 太平洋The Pacific Ocean 北冰洋The Arctic 山脉、群岛 天山山脉The Tian Shan Mountains 落基山脉The Rocky Mountains 菲律宾群岛The Philippines 琉球群岛The Ryukyu Islands 西印度洋The West Indies 峨眉山Mount Emei
高中英语冠词练习题及解析
高中英语冠词练习题及解析 一、单项选择冠词 1．Titan is believed to be the only body in _____ solar system other than the Earth with liquid on ______ surface. A．the; / B．/; the C．/; / D．the; the 【答案】D 【解析】 太阳系是独一无二的事物,为特指,某物表面也是特指,所以都需要加定冠词,故选D. 2．They haven’t made ________con tact with each other since they had ________quarrel two weeks ago. A．the; the B．不填; a C．a; the D．不填; the 【答案】B 【解析】 考查冠词的用法。句意“他们自从两周前吵架后就没再联系过。”make contact with sb.“和某人有联系”；have a quarrel with sb.“和某人吵架”。故选B。 3．When you finish reading the book, you will have __ better understanding of __ life. A．a, the B．the, a C．/, the D．a, / 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查冠词。本题第一空是固定词组have a better understanding of有更好的理解；第二空的名词Life是一个抽象名词，要单独使用，不需要冠词。句意：当你读完这本书的时候，你会对生活有更深的理解。故D正确。 考点：考查冠词 点评：冠词的考查集中在the表示特指；a/an表示泛指。另外要注意冠词的一些固定搭配中冠词的使用。这题主要是抽象名词具体化的用法，除了honor还有success，failure，surprise，pleasure等名词也可以表示抽象名词具体化。 4．As ________ matter of fact, ________number of young couples who plan to have a second kid is increasing rapidly. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．不填；the 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查冠词。第一空，固定搭配：as a matter of fact,实际上，事实上；第二空，根据谓语动词是is单数可知填the，the number of…的数量。故B正确 考点：考查冠词 5．________ middle school that Lucy is going to attend is ________ public school.
高中英语语法(全英详细讲解)
必修一 语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来 use the present continuous tense for future plans In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter use ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to use ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also use the present continuous tense to talk about future plans. Ex. ①we are going to Mexico next Sunday. ② Are you coming to the cinema? ③ He is leaving for London in two hours. ④ We are spending next winter in Australia. Only some verbs can be used in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, etc. 扩展： What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the present continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples: “I’m going to play football on Saturday” You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you. “I’m playing football on Saturday” You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your friends or booked a place to play). In this case, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you. 语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa. You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech). Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not used. 1、declarative sentence陈述句 ①Change in pronoun:The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of sentence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change. In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed
教案模板 初中英语冠词的分类和用法 讲解
个性化教学设计方案
7. It's five in the afternoon. It's time __________. A. to go to school B. go to school C. to go home D. go home. 8. ------ What's Jim doing? ------ He's __________ a book. A. seeing B. reading C. watching D. looking 9. There are __________ on the floor. A. four bags of rice B. four bag of rice C. four bags rice D. four bag rice 10. These photos are his. They aren't __________. A. my B. her C. me D. mine 11. ------ __________ they __________ an English class? ------ No, they aren't. A. Are, having B. Are, have C. Do, have D. Can, have 12. Where's my school bag ? I can't ___________ it. A. look at B. find C. look for D. find out 13. ------What's that woman? ------__________? A. She' 40. B. She' fine. C. She's a teacher. D. She's tall. 14. There ___________ a pen and two pencils in the pencils. A. are B. is C. has D. have 15. _________ can you see on the table? A. How many orange B. How much bottles of orange C. How many bottle of orange D. How many bottles of orange 16. These are your socks, you must __________. A. put away them B. to put away them C. put them away D. to put them away 17. This bag of rice is too heavy ? Can you __________ it? A. take B. carry C. get D. put