八年级英语下册第五单元课文讲解、知识点、练习

八年级英语下册第五单元课文讲解、知识点、练习

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

1. make sure 确信;确认

2. beat against... 拍打… …

3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着

4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失

5. wake up 醒来

6. in a mess 一团糟

7. break … apart 使……分离

8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候

9. at the time of 当.......时候

10. go off (闹钟)发出响声

11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡

12. miss the bus 错过公交车

13. pick up 接电话

14. bring... together 使……靠拢

15. in the area 在这个地区

16. miss the event 错过这个事件

17. by the side of the road 在路边

18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线19. walk by 走路经过

20. make one’s way to 在某人去……的路上

21. hear the news 听到这个消息

22. important events in history

历史上的重大事件

23. for example 例如

24. be killed 被杀害

25. over 50 5 0多(岁）

26. a school pupil 一个小学生

27. on the radio 通过广播

28. in silence 沉默;无声

29. more recently 最近地;新近

30. the World Trade Center 世贸中心

31. take down 拆除;摧毁

32. have meaning to 对……有意义

33. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事

34. at first 首先;最初

二、重点句型

1. — What were you doing at eightlast night?昨晚8 点你在干什么？

— I was taking a shower.

我在洗淋浴。

2. When it began to rain, Ben washelping his mom

make dinner.

当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。

3. — What was Jenny doing while Lindawas sleeping?

琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？

— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny washelping

M a ry with her homework.

琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。

Section A

1. What were people doing yesterday at the time o f the rainstorm?

昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？

【解析1】过去进行时

过去进行时态

⑴ .用法：①过去某个时间正在发生的动作

He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。

②过去某段时间正在发生的动作

I was staying here from March to May lastyear.

去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。

⑵ .与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/ at that time= then/at thistime yesterday /或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示

⑶过去进行时的构成：was\were +现在分词

⑷过去进行时的四个基本句型

肯定句 He was cooking at six last night.

否定句 He was not cooking at six last night.

一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night?

两个回答Yes ,he was. No, he wasn’t.

特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night?

⑸过去进行时的固定句型

Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。

Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.

在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。

Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.

在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。

⑹请比较

He watched TV last night. （过去时间lastnight, 用一般过去时）He was watching TV at nine last night.

(过去时间last night+点时间at nine,用过去进行时)

【2013浙江杭州】Sallytook a photo of her friends while they _________ computer games.

A. play

B. areplaying

C. have played

D. were playing

【2013黑龙江绥化】Myuncle ____ books in the room at this time yesterday.

A. wasseeing

B. isreading

C. was reading

【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔3】What ____ you _____ when thecaptain came in?

A. are; doing

B.did; do

C.were; doing

巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Now Jim’ssister __________________(read) newspapers.

2.He __________________(watch)TVat nine last night.

3.He__________________(watch)TV last night.

4. What__________________the twins __________________(do) then?

5. —________Lily ______________(draw) a cat when the teacher camein ?

— No,she _________

6. __________________you__________________(have) supper at that time?

7. Jack__________________(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.

8. Now Jim__________________(play) basketball on the playground（操场）.

9. What ___________________he _______________ (do) at nine o’clock last night.

10. They___________________ (listen) to the music at that time.

11. When theteacher came in, the students ___________________ (read) the text.

12. We___________________ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang.

13. Her mother____________(cook) while her father was

watching TV.

【解析2】at the time of 在...... 的时候（常用于过去进行时）

【解析3】rainstorm n 暴风雨 raincoat 雨衣 raindrop雨滴

2. My alarm didn’t go off so I ___ up late. 我的闹钟没有响，因此我起晚了。

【解析1】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟

【解析2】go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响，离开

The alarm wentoff just now. 刚才警钟响了

【短语】go over 复习 go away 离开

goby (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步

gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming

去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳

( ) I waslate today because my alarm clock didn’t____

A.run off

B. go off

C. give out

D. give up

【2011广西南宁】—Whata big storm last night!

—Yes. I was doing my homework. Suddenly, allthe lights in my house____.

A. wentoff

B. turned off

C. took off

D. got off

【2011山西中考】HowI wish could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock_____.

A. ran off

B. went off

C.took off

I ___for the bus when it began to rain heavily. 当天开始下大雨

的时候我__ 公交车

【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上

heavy adj. 沉重的How heavy are you?

heavily adv 沉重地The army lost heavily

形容风大的时候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard

【2013漳州】The sun is shining _____ . You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out.

A.brightly

B. lightly

C. heavily

【2013黔西南】Sometimesit rains _________in Guizhou in summer .

A.heavily

B. heavy

C. strong

D. Strongly

【注】heavy改y为i+ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有：

hungry饥饿的hungrily

happy快乐的happily

angry生气的angrily

lucky幸运的luckily

4. I ___ to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.

我____ 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。

【解析】miss v ①错过 (后接名词、代词或动车ing）

Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus.

②想念；思念

③n 用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生”

( ) — I____ the early bus and I had to wait for the next one on

such a cold morning. —Bad luck!

A. missed

B. caught

C. followed

D. left

5.I called atseven and you didn’t pick up.

我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接。

【解析】pick up 接电话

pick up接电话T om, I called you, but you didn’t pick up

捡起；拾起I pick up a wallet on my way home

（开车）接某人I will pick you up at the station

He was picking up the skills quickly.

学到；获得

得（病）；染上（疾病）

【2012陕西】The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to ______ rubbish to keep the mountains clean.

A. turn up

B. pick up

C. mix up

D. give up

【2013湖北武汉】Itseems that the aged people ________ the H7N9 more easily from the recent case.

A. pick up

B. mix up

C. set up

D. use up

6. That’s strange. 真奇怪

【解析】strange adj. 奇怪的→strangely adv奇怪地→stranger n 陌生人

be strange to 对……感到陌生

奇怪的It’s strange that she came to the party.

strange

陌生的He stands in a stranger street.

7. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.

外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。

【解析1】with + n +adv ，在句中做伴随状语

She can see stars in the dark skywith the window open

【解析2】feel like doing sth = would like /want to do sth

I feel like _______ (catch) a clod today.

8. The news onTV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.

电视新闻报道，这个地区有一场大暴雨。

【解析】report v 报道→ reporter n 记者

make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报

give a report 作报告It’s reported that… 据报道

I want to be a ___________(report) when Igrow up.

9. so ,when therainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？

10.I see .I called again at eight and you didn’t answer then either.

我八点钟又给你打电话，你也没有接。

【解析1】Isee . 我知道了。（表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）( ) —It’sbad for your eyes to read in the sun.

—_____.

A. I’m OK

B. I don’t know

C. I’m sorry

D. I see

【拓展】 see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事

see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事

【解析2】either也

【辨析】also /too/as well/ either

(1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，

用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。

(2) too 也，用于肯定句句末

(3)either 也，通常放于否定句末

【练习】用either,also , too, as well 填空

①Tomcan sing this song . I can sing it, _____.

②Tomcan sing this song, I can sing it _______.

③Tomcan sing this song, I can _______sing it.

④Tomcouldn’t sing this song, I couldn’t , _______.

（）⑤He can’t swim .I can’t,_____.

A.too

B. also

C. either

D. neither

11.Ben’s dad wasputting piec es of wood over the windows while his mom was

making sure the flashlights and radio were working .

本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。

【解析1】while当......的时候，表示的一个“时间段”，而when 一个表示时间点

【2013四川雅安】Amywas reading a book _____ I came in.

A. when

B. while

C. because

D. though

【2013山东菏泽】______thechildren have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.

A. When

B. If

C. While

D. Once

【解析2】make sure确信；确保

make sure to do sth

Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave make sure of

Do you know the time of the train? You’dbetter make sure of it.

【2013山东青岛】Therearen’t many tickets left for the concert, you'd better ______that you get one today.

A. make sure of

B. make a decision

C. make sure

D. make plans

【解析3】work 运转；发挥作用The madicine doesn’t work.

【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混：

⑴表示“工作”，是不可数名词：

He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。

work ----worker

⑵. 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：

He has read many of Hemingway’s works.

⑶表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：

The glass works（=factory) is[are] near the station. 玻璃工厂在车站附近。【2012曲靖中考】My mother is a doctor ,and my father is a _________ (work).

12. Ben was helping his mom make dinner whenthe rain began to beat heavily against thewindows.

当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚

饭。

【解析1】.beat与win辨析

We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我们以2:1赢了他们。

Which team won the football match? 哪个对赢了那场足球赛？

【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地

【拓展】heavy adj.重的（反）light → heavily adv猛烈地

【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard

①Itrained ______ (heavy) ,so he didn’t go to work yesterday.

( )②Sometimes it rains ____ in Xi’anin summer.

A.heavy

B. heavily

C. strong

D. strongly

【2012广西玉林】—Peter is _______ than you, right?

—Yes, but he is _______ runner in ourclass.

A. heavier; best

B. heavy; the best

C. heavier; the best

D. heavy; better

【2013黔西南】Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer .

A. heavily

B. heavy

C. strong

D. Strongly

【解析3】 against 倚；碰；撞

⑴表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly：

Are you for or against the plan?

你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对

⑵表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”、等：

The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。

He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上

【2013临沂】Mr.Wang is strongly ____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animalsshould also enjoy freedom.

A. up

B. for

C.against

D. down

【2013青岛】I'm______ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animalsto live in.

A. against

B. on

C. in

D. for

13. Ben couldnot sleep at first. 起初，本睡不着。

【解析】at first 首先；最初

【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】(2) first of all 首先，第一【表明陈述事情的重要性】

( ) When you want to work for our country inthe future, ____, we should have strong body and rich knowledge.

A. at first

B. first of all

C. for the first time

D. after all

【山东德州】 We can do a lot to stay healthy. ____ , weshould eat a balanced

(平衡的) diet.

A. At a time

B. In fact

C. First of all

D. All together

14. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m

在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，他终于睡着了。

【解析1】fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着

【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：

(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，

(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态

(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。

【记】He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleep until . He only fell asleep for 5 hours.

( ) —Jim, Where is your sister? —Oh，She is still in bed.

A. going to bed

B. in her bedroom

C. sleeping

D. sleepy

【2013江苏泰州】Davidfell _________(sleep) in class because he

stayed up too late last night.

be asleep强调睡着的状态The baby is asleep

fall asleep强调入睡的动作My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly

( ) He found it was hard to get to sleepthose days.

A. sleeping

B. fall asleep

C. be asleep

【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed

用法区别。

⑴fall asleep属“连系动词+表语”结构，“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。

He was just fallingasleep when there was a loud knock at the door.

他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。

⑵ sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。

He likes to sleepfor an hour in the afternoon.

他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。

⑶ go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。

I just want toclose my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible.

我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。

⑷get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。

She was tooexcited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。

⑸go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。

The students in our school usually get upat six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening.

我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。

【解析2】 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失

【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别：

指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。

die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；

die out则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用的普遍。

die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。

die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。

This kind of birdhas died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。

15. When he woke up. the sun was rising

当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。

【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来；睡醒

【2012广东河源】_____ , Tom! It’s time to get up and go to school.

A. Wake up

B. Make up

C. Grow up

D. Look up

【2013南京中考】—What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.

— I_____ to prepare for the final exam last night.

A. picked up

B. woke up

C. stayed up

D. put up

【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起

rise升起；上升主语自身移向较高位置Price rose gradually

raise举起；提高主语发出的动作作用于其他事物Let’s raise our glasses to Tom.

( ) Theriver ___ two inches this morning.

A. rose

B. raised

C. are gettingup

D. grow

16. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.

到处都是倒下的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。

【解析1】过去分词做定语 fallen leaves 落叶

【解析2】everywhere 处处，到处；各个地方

词条含义用法例句

everywhe re 处处；到处；各个

地方

可用于任何句

式

We have many friends everywhere in the

world

somewhe re 某个地方多用于肯定句

中You can go somewhere you like to.

anywhere任何地方否定句You can’t go anywhere

疑问句Can I go anywhere I choose

【2013杭州】There has never been such a beautifulvillage ___ in the world.

A. anywhere

B. everywhere

C. somewhere

D. nowhere

【2013无锡】We arrived at the station tooearly and had____ to go, so we sat there and chattedwith each other.

A. somewhere

B.anywhere

C. everywhere

D. nowhere

【2013杭州】Therehas never been such a beautiful village ______in the world.

A. anywhere

B. everywhere

C.somewhere

D. nowhere

17. They joined the neighbors to help clean up theneigh hood together.

他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。

【解析】 join 加入；参加

【辨析】join/join in/take part in

(1) join=be a member of 参加,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。

jointhe army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部

◆ join in 后接活动名称

◆ join sb. 加入到某个人群之中

(2) take part in 参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。

( )① –I suppose we’ll goto plant trees next week.

-- Terrific! Planting treesis a lot of fun. I’d like to ___ you.

A. visit

B. join

C. follow

D. meet

( )② –Mary, would you like to___ this game?

—I’dlove to, but I have to finish ___ the composition first.

A. join in;to write

B. attend; writing

C.join; to write

D. take part in;writing.

【2013天津】He___an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.

A. protected

B. produced

C. joined

D. received

18. turn on the radio 打开收音机

【解析】turn on 打开（反）turn off 关掉

【2013嘉兴】It’stime for CCTV news. Let’s _______ the TV and watch it.

A.turn on

B. get on

C. try on

D. put on

【2013江苏】It's gettingdark. Please ________ the light.

A. turn on

B.turn off

C. turn down

D. turn around

【2013湖南益阳】Theboy is sleeping. Please _____the radio.

A. turn up

B.turn down

C. turn on

【2013河南】______alight when necessary. You will bring light to other people and yourself.

A. Try on

B.Get on

C.Turn on

D. Put on

19.When we got to the place of the accident, the carwas in bad shape from hitting a tree. 当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了形。

【解析】get to 到达

get→ got→ gotten v得到

【辨析】get/ reach/ arrive

get to +地点=arrive in/at +地点=reach+地点（arrive at 接小地点）

get on 上车 get up 起床 get used to 习惯于

get along with sb 与某人相处融洽 get together相聚

【2013四川广安】—Whenwill the plane _____Shanghai?

—Sorry，Idon’t know.

A.get

B. arrive at

C. reach

【2013江苏苏州】I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ____ just fine together.

A. get along

B. get up

C. get away

D. get off

Section B.

1. Whatevent happened at the schoolyesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？【解析】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）

(1)happen v “发生”没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性

sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上

What happened to you?=What waswrong with him?

sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事

She happened ________(be) out when wecalled.

(2)takeplace 举行，发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生

The sports meeting took placein our school last week.

(3)It happened that…碰巧

( ) ① An accident ____ at the school gate this morning.

A.happened B .happened to C. took place D. took places

( ) ②What happened _____ the boy?

A.with

B. to

C. at

D. on

( ) ③A serious bike accident ____ her , and she was badlyhurt.

A. happened to

B. was happened to

C. was happing

D. was happen ( ) ④The accident took place on a cold night.

A. took the place

B. happened

C. told

D. hold

( ) ⑤I happened _____him last night.

A. to meet

B. meet

C. meeting

D. meets

【2011?铜仁】Greatchanges _________ in Tongren in the past five years.

A. have happened

B. have taken place

C. have been happened

D. have been taken place

【2013山东临沂】TheOlympic Games of 2016 will _____ inBrazil.

A. take after

B. take off

C.take place

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On this day, Dr Martin Luther King was killed. 在这一天，马丁·路德·金博士遇害了。 一般过去时的被动语态 was killed意为“被害”，是一般过去时的被动语态结构。一般过 时的被动语态由“助动词was/were+及物动词过去分词”构成。当句子的主语为动作的承受 或不清楚动作的执行者是谁时，可用被动语态表示。 eg: Ten people were killed in the accident. 10人在那起事故中丧生。 The book was borrowed by Tom an hour ago 那本书一小时前被汤姆借走了。 4 My parents were completely shocked我的父母都十分震惊！ completely用作副词，意为“彻底地；完全地"其形容词形式为 complete，意为“完全的；彻底的”。 eg: I've completely forgotten her name. 我彻底把她的名字给忘了。 The police were in complete control of the situation.警方完全控制了局势。 5 My parents did not talk after that, and we finishedthe rest of our dinner in silence.在那之后,我的父母没有说话，我们默默地吃完了剩下的曉餐。 (1) the rest of意为"剩余的…"。" the rest of+名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词的数应与of后 名词的数保持一致。 We eat some of the butter and keep the rest of it for supper. 我们吃一些黄油，余下的（黄油）晚饭时再吃。 Tom is from England and the rest of us are from China.汤姆来自英格兰，我们其余的人来自中国 (2) in silence意为"沉默;无声"。其中silence不可数名词，意为“沉默；缄默；无声”，其形容

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35. by the side of the road在马路边上 37.make one way (to...)前往... 39. in history在历史上 41.over 50超过50岁 43.at that time在那时 45.be completely shocked完全被震惊了 47. in silence安静地 49.have meaning to sb对某人有意义 51.look out of向外面看去 53.tell the truth讲实话8.bring people closer致使人们更严紧10.black clouds黑云 12. put pieces of wood over the windows将木头板覆盖在窗户上14.beat heavily agianst the windows 利害的敲击着窗户 16. at first刚开始 18.die down逐渐消失 20.find the neighborhood in a mess发现小区一团遭 22. broken windows破窗户 24. break ...apart使..支离破碎 26. in times of difficulty:在困难时期

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