牛津深圳版初一下学期英语知识点总结
Chapter One Travel
一．课文重点词语与短语
plan 计划 plan to do sth. 计划去做某事
offer 提供 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.
provide 提供 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth
shop 购物 shop for sth = buy sth
Why not do sth? =Why don’t you do sth 为什么不做…
used to do sth 过去常常做某事
be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
the same as…和…一样
be famous for sth = be well-know for sth 以…闻名
be famous as 作为…而著名
help sb （to ）do sth 帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
one of + 可数名词复数…之一，其中之一
二．语法：冠词a,an,与the 的用法
★不定冠词a/an的用法主要有：
1．泛指表示"某一个"，用于可数名词单数前。如： We need a rent to live in.
2．与可数名词单数连用，表示类别。如：
1) I'm a student.(是学生而不是其他人。)
2) An elephant is much bigger than a tiger.
3．在某些词组中，代替介词per，作“每一”讲。如： twice a day, 5 dollars a kilo
I play computer games once a week.
注意: a /an 的区别
a 用在辅音开头的单词前：a cat, a useful book
an 用在元音发音的单词前：an English book, an interesting story,
an honest boy, an important party, an ugly man…
★定冠词the的用法主要有：
1. 表示特指某人或某物。如：
The notebook on the desk is mine.
Beijing is the capital of China.
2. 表示上文提过的人或事物。如：
There is a cat under the chair. The cat is black and white.
3. 表示世界上独一无二的东西。如：
the earth, the sun…
4. 用于说话双方都知道的名词前。如：
Let's go for a picnic, shall we?
5. 用在作定语的序数词前。如：
She is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.
6. 用在形容词前表示一类人。如：
the rich, the old, the sick, the deaf…
7. 用在乐器名称前。如：
play the violin(guitar, piano…)
8. 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。如：
The Whites are on their holiday in Canada.
9. 用在由普通名词构成表示场所的专有名词前。如：
the People's Park, the Golden Gate Bridge
10．在最高级、序数词及next，last，same等词前常用定冠词。如：
The last one is the most important one.
★不用冠词的情况(零冠词的用法)主要有：
1. 在物质名词或抽象名词前。如：
Water and air are important to us.
Wisdom is better than strength.
2. 名词前面已有作定语用的this, that, these, those, my, your, some, any等代词的情况下。如：
I want this car, not that car.
There is some water in the cup.
3. 在季节、月份、日期、星期、节日前。如：
There are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.
School begins on September 1.
March 8th is Women's Day.
特例：1)中国的传统节日要加the。如：the Spring Festival
4. 在一日三餐、球类运动和学科名词前。如：
I have breakfast at six in the morning.
They play football every day.
He prefers science to physics.
特例：当表示三餐的名词前有定语修饰时，要加不定冠词。如：
They had a good dinner yesterday.
5. 在学科前不加冠词。如：
I am good at maths and history.
6.在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街道、广场、公园、桥梁等名词前；国名和地名人名前通常也
不加冠词。如：Zhongshan Road, Tian'anmen Square；China，Shenzhen，Tom 7．表示使用某种交通手段时，名词前不用冠词。如：
I usually go to my office by bus.
配套练习
1. There will be ______ interesting TV program tomorrow evening.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. some
2. I have never seen _____ UFO in ______ sky.
A. a , the
B. an , the
C. a, a
D. the, a
3. --- Have you seen _________ umbrella here?
--- You mean _______ black one? It was here just now.
A. an; the
B. the; a
C. an; a
D. the; the
4 . _______ Biology is ______ science of ________life.
A. /; the; /
B. /; the; the
C. The; /; /
D. The; /; the
5. The boy wrote _____ “l” and ____“u” on the blackboard.
A. a; an
B. an; an
C. a; a
D. an; a
6. Now he is ______ artist . I have known him since he was _____ one-year-old boy.
A. a; an
B. a; a
C. an; an
D. an; a
7._____Christmas Day of the western countries falls before ______Spring Festival of China.
A. /; the
B. the ; /
C. /;/
D. The ; the
8. Today is my ________happiest day because I won _____ first prize in the match.
A. the ; the
B. /; the
C. the ; /
D. /;/
9.. _____Changjiang River is ____ longest river in China.
A. The ; the
B. The ; /
C. / ; the
D. / ;/
Chapter 2 Protecting our environment
一．课文重点词语与短语
be interested in sth 对……感兴趣of course 当然
begin to do sth 开始做某事each other 相互
pass sth to sb =pass sb sth 传递某物给某人
communicate with sb 和某人交流
taste 尝起来…后跟形容词作表语
be in danger 处境危险collect stamps 搜集邮票
enjoy doing…喜欢做…enjoy oneself 玩得开心
thank sb for sth /doing sth 感谢某人做某事
make sb/sth + 动词原形使……做……
in order of 以……的顺序
类似inrerested 与interesting的形容词：excited/ exciting, tired/ tiring, surprised/ suprising, bored/ boring…
通常以-ed结尾的形容词含被动意义，表示人感到……; 以-ing 结尾的形容词汗主动意义，表示使人，令人…….
二. 语法：现在进行时态
结构
be(am/is/are)+动词ing(现在分语)构成谓语be是助动词，帮助构成时态、语态及语气、否定句和疑问句动词ing现在分词的变化规则：
1）动词+ing：do-doing teach-teaching ；
2）以一个元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词，双写辅音字母再+ing：put-putting；
3）以字母e 结尾的，去掉e再+ing：make-making take-taking。
4）单词以辅音字母加－ie结尾，去-ie变y,
再加-ing. 如die(死亡)----dying; tie—tying
注意：表状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时，如：
believe（相信），doubt（怀疑），hear，know，understand，belong（属于），think（认为），look（看起来），show，mind，have，sound（听起来），taste（尝起来），care，like，hate，love，
例如：Danny: The doorbell is ringing.
May: I know. I hear it.
某些趋向动词的现在进行时可表示将来……：
I’m coming.
我这就来。
I’m going/leaving.
我这就走。
同步练习
( )1. —Listen! Who ______ in the room?
—Let’s go and see.
A. is crying
B. crying
C. cry
D. cries
( ) 2 . we can get some useful things ____ trees.
A .to
B .for C. with D. from
( ) 3 .You must thank the girls _____ their help.
A. for
B. to
C. on
D. about
( ) 4. We plant ______ trees in our school every year.
A . a lot B. a lot of C. a lots of D much
( ) 5.Jim and his teacher _______ over there.
A. is talk
B. are talk
C. is talking
D. are talking
( ) 6 “ Don’t always make Tim ____ this or that. He is a big boy now.” Mrs Bush said.
A. doing
B. do
C. does
D. to do
( )7 —What is the boy doing?
—He’s _______ a book. A. seeing B. reading C. looking at D. watching
( ) 8 Mr. Smith_____ to visit Beijing in two days.
A. come
B. came
C. comes
D. is coming
( ) 9. I think English is _______ than Math.
A. interestinger
B. more interesting
C. most interesting
D. more interestinger
( ) 10 We _____ a picnic next week.
A. will have
B. have
C. having
D. had
( ) 11. There _____ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning.
A. has
B. is going to be
C. will have D has been
( )12. It’s a big house _____ a garden in front of it.
A. in
B. have
C. for
D. with
()13．Will you pass that book ______ me?
A. to
B. for
C. from
D. at
()14．Rose never communicates ______ others.
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. at
( )15. Do you know what these books are useful _________?
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. at
( )16. Trees are our best fighters ________ pollution.
A. for
B. with
C. on
D. against
Chpater 3
一．课文重点词语与短语
look up 查阅human beings 人类
an amusement park 游乐园
buy sb sth = buy sth for sb 给某人买某物all year round 全年
some… others…一些……另一些……
as…as…像一样die out 灭绝
learn about sth from…从……了解某事
be born 出生after leaving school 毕业后
deliver mail 送邮件at the same time 同时
be based on 以……为基础more than 数量多于
二. 语法
1 指示代词
this，that，these，those四个词都是指示代词，分别表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”。从中文释义上我们也能看出，它们之间是有差别的。那么，我们就来讲一讲，指示代词this，that，these，those的具体用法。
（1）this 用来指离说话者位置近的人或者物，以及时间上较近的场合。如：
This is my mother.这是我妈妈。
（2）that用来指在空间或时间上离的较远的人、物和场合。如：
That is his father.那是我爸爸。
（3）these是this的复数形式，those是that的复数形式。this，that和is 连用，而these，those和are 连用。this is，these are，those are不存在缩写形式，只有that is有缩写形式，即that's。如：These are my friends.
Those are their aunts.
That's his father. = That is his father.
指示代词的陈述句形式我们已经了解了，那么，怎样将它们改成一般疑问句呢？
我们都知道，由陈述句转换为一般疑问句时，直接将be动词提前到句首，把第一人称转换为第二人称，回答用yes或no。而在回答主语为this，that，these，those的疑问句时，问句中的this，that在答语中要用it替代，these，those要用they替代。如：
—Is this his father?
—Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
—Are these your friends?
—Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
注意：指示代词所指的事物第二次提到时，通常也是用it 代替this和that，用they 代替these 和th ose。
What is this？
It is a bird.
（4）this,that,those和these加名词构成一些常用短语，表示时间，指现在或过去。
this morning 今天早晨this spring 今年春天
that morning 那天早晨these days 这些天
2 可数名词与不可数名词
普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。
（1）可数名词表示复数意义时，可用some/ many/lots of/ a lot of / a few/ few/ 修饰：many bananas ，a few pens
（2）不可数名词可以用some/ much/ lots of/ a lot of / a little/ little 修饰：much meat ， a little bread
可数名词单数变复数规则变化：
(1)一般情况在词尾加-s
map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days
(2)以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es
class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
(3)以-f或-fe结尾的词
变-f和-fe为v再加-es
leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives
加-s
belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es
party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
(5)以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s
toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
(6)以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词
一般加-es
hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
不少外来词加-s
piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos
(7)以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s
radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos
(8) 除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
例：a dollar, two dollars;
不规则名词复数：
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：
1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式
man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2单复数相同
sheep, deer, fish, yuan, jin, Swiss, Chinese, Japanese
3只有复数形式
trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses
4一些集体名词总是用作复数
people, police, cattle
注意: 记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如：
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
Russian---Russians American---Americans
German --- Germans
child---children foot---feet
man---men woman---women
tooth---teeth goose --- geese
deer---deer sheep---sheep
同步练习
一. 选择填空
( )1.---Would you like some tea ? ---Yes, just ________ .
A. a little
B. a few
C. a little of
D. much
( )2. --- Our new China’s full name is the People’s Republic of China.
--- Yes, it was _______ on October 1, 1949.
A. found
B. founded
C. founding
D. finding ( )3. --- What is the story about?
--- It is a detective story and is _____ a real story.
A. come from
B. based on
C. based to
D. bases on
( )4. --- How many ______are there on the table? --- There are ____.
A. glass of water / two
B. carton of milk / ten
C. baskets of oranges / two
D. bottles of oranges / ten
( )5. --- What do you usually do in the morning?
--- We often have _________ seven in the morning.
A. breakfast
B. lunch at
C. supper
D. breakfast at
( )6. I am thirsty. Would you bring me_______, please?
A. some bread
B. some tea
C. any water
D. some eggs
( )7．---What’s _____ in English? ---_____ a pair of glasses.
A．this -- It’s B、this -- That C．this --- It D．that --- That’s
( )8．Guo bought ____ in the shop last week.
A. a lot of bread and a jar of jams
B. a lot of breads and two jars of jam
C. a lot of bread and a jar jam
D. a lot of bread and two jars of jam
( )9.______ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well .
A. Thousand
B. Thousands
C. Thousand of
D. Thousands of
( )10. “What’s the _______ today ? ”---“It’s June 26. ”
A. day
B. date
C. time
D. hour
( )11. --- Hello! Who is ______? --- ______ is Mary speaking.
A. that / That
B. that / This
C. this / This
D. these / Those
( )12. They are _______ from America.
A. woman doctors
B. women doctor
C. women doctor
D. women doctors
( )13. Tom always stays at home for ______ on Sunday.
A. one and half hour
B. one and a half hour
C. one half an hour
D. one and a half hours
( )14, --- Can I help you? --- Yes, I want 2 kilograms of ______ and some ___
A. beef / egg
B. egg / beef
C. beef / eggs
D. an egg / beef
( )15. How many _______ are there in these ______?
A. tomato / photo
B. tomatoes / photoes
C. tomatos / photos
D. tomatoes / photos
解释句子(对划线部分解释).
1. Mickey Mouse comes from a real mouse.
Mickey Mouse ________ _________ _________ a real mouse.
2. Dinosaurs all became dead suddenly.
Dinosaurs _________ ___________ suddenly.
3. I am doing my homework while my dad is watching TV.
I am doing my homework.____ ______ _______ ______, my dad is watching TV.
4. When did Disney start the famous Disneyland?
When did Disney ____________the famous Disneyland?
5. Dinosaurs existed on Earth more than sixty million years.
Dinosaurs __________on Earth more than sixty million years.
6. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.
Some dinosaurs were _______ ________ ________ chickens.
完形填空
Walt Disney, the great film maker was born in Chicago 1____ 1901. Disney’s wish was to be a famous 2____. He took some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job. However, he had no 3 ____. They looked at his pictures and said, “Sorry, young man. We don’t think there is anything of interest in your pictures.”
Disney’s 4______tried to encourage(鼓励) him. They said, “Don’t worry, Walt. We like your 5_____. We are sure you will be well-known as 6 ____ before long.” His family was poor and he 7 ______sit in the family garage and
draw pictures there. One day a mouse came and played on the floor. Disney stopped 8 _____and watched the mouse. The mouse was 9 _____, so he gave the mouse a piece of bread. Then the mouse came and sat on his desk.
10 ____ the mouse came back and was given more bread. In this way the artist and his mouse became good friends.
( )1. A. in B. for C. on D. at
( )2. A. worker B. artist C. drawer D. teacher
( )3. A. hope B. worry C. luck D. chance
( )4. A. father B. mother C. friends D. parent
( )5. A. pictures B. mouse C. cartoons D. mails
( )6. A. a maker B. a film star C. an artist D. Disneyland
( )7. A. likes B. used to C. was used to D. often
( )8. A. reading B. listening C. talking D. drawing
( )9. A. good B. bad C. ugly D. gentle
( )10.A. Day after day B. Long time agoC. One by one D. Before long
Chapter 4
一重点词汇和短语
1.sense感官
2.balance平衡
3.tongue舌头
4.blind盲的；瞎的
5.book预定
6.allow允许…进入
7.lead带路；带领
8.exit出
口9. describe描述
10. lie躺11. dead失灵的；不转运的12. seem似乎13.
convenient方便的14. mind注意15 almost几乎16. disability缺陷；残疾
短语
1.find out找出
2.match …with…使...和...相配
3.keep balance保持平衡
4.fall down跌倒；摔倒
5.stop doing sth停止做某事
6. stop to work 停下某事而去工作
7.belong to属于
8.reception desk接待处，服务台
9.walk into…走进…10.book a room定房
11.allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事12.lead sb to sp领某人去某地
13.the location of…的位置14.safety first安全第一
15.describe sth to sb向某人描述…16.be asleep在睡觉
17.save one’s life救了某人的生命18.seem like看起来象，似乎
19.the sound of sth …的声音20.be against sth反对…
21.seconds later不久，很快22.show up= appear 出现
23. fire alarm火警警报24.go off突然发出响声
25.look out/watch out小心26 have a cold患感冒
27.hear sb doing sth听见某人正在做某事28. belong to 属于
29. a blind man 盲人30. lile on the floor 躺在地上
二语法：人称代词；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；反身代词
Task1 人称代词
【用法】人称代词分为_________和___________两种形式。主格通常做______,放在谓语动词_______；宾格通常做_______, 放在谓语动词和介词__________。
单数复数
人称第一人
称第二
人称
第三
人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
主格I
宾格me
1.________(我) am a teacher.
2.My father is talking with _______(我).
3._______(他) often plays basketball after school.
4._______(他的) teacher is good.
5._______(我们) will buy a pair of shoes for _______(他).
6.Please pass______(我们) the ball.
7._______(他们) are listening to the radio.
Task2 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
【用法】形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，放在__________前。名词性物主代词后面则不能再跟名词。
人称第一人称第二人称第三人称
形容词性物主代词my
名词性物主代词mine
1.This is _______(我的) book. That is__________(他的).
2._______(他的) chair is blue. _____________( 我们的) is yellow.
3._______(我们的) classroom is big.__________( 你们的) is small.
4._______(他的) teacher is good. ______(她的)is good too.
Task3 反身代词
第一人称第二人称第三人称
单数myself
复数
1. He called _________ a writer.
2. Take care of _________.
3. The Little boy can dress __________.
4. I _________ washed the clothes. 他自称是作家。
照顾好自己。
那个小男孩可以自己穿衣服。我自己洗了衣服。
5.we enjoyed_________ last night.我们昨天玩的很愉快
同步练习
按照题目要求填空。
1. I will give the presents to________(they).
2. Can you show _______(I) your book?
3. It’s time for ______(they) to go home.
4. Mr. Green often tells _______(we) some stories.
5. I saw ________(she) in the shop yesterday.
6. My ruler is long. ________ ( you ) is short.
7. My bike is broken. May I borrow______ ( she)?
8. My book is blue. _________(you) is red.
9. Our chair is better than _________ ( they).
10. These books are __________(we).
11. These are not your desks. They are _____(our).
12. This is not my shirt. It’s _______(he)
13. These books are________(I), and those are____(you).
14. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。
15. Who is there? It’s _____. 是谁啊？是我。
16. Come with _____. 跟我来。
17. ______ classroom is bigger than _____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。
18. I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。
19. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。
20. ______ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。
21. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
二. 选择填空.
()1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesn’t enjoy _______.
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. himself
()2. Lily was 9 years old. _____ was old enough to go to school ________.
A. She , she
B. She , herself
C. Her, herself
D. Her. she
()3. J im’s watch is much newer than _________.
A. hers
B.she
C. her
D. herself
()4. There are 2 pens here. ___ is red, and ____is blue.
A. Yours, mine
B. Your, my
C. Yours, my
D. Your, mine
()5.______ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it.
A. She
B. She’s
C. Hers
D. Her
()6.——Who taught you English last year? ——Nobody taught me. I
taught ____.
A. me
B. myself
C. mine
D. I
()7.That bike is _________?
A．he B. him C. his D. it
()8. We bought ______ a present, but _______ didn”t like it.
A. they, them
B. them , they
C. themselves , their
D. theirs, they
()9. Jim will give _________ a short talk tomorrow.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
()10_________ agree with what you said. Tom has a different idea.
A. Not all them
B. Not all of them
C. Any of them
D. They all （二）
1. The guide _____ the travelers to a magic world just now.
A. lead
B. led
C. leads
D. is leading
2. - can you hear Mary_____ in her room every day?
- Yes, I heard her _______ just now.
A. singing; to sing
B. singing; sings
C. sing; sings
D. sing; singing
3. A sudden knock made him____________.
A. stop to think
B. stop thinking
C. to stop think
D. to stop thinking
4. After he called for help many times, a stranger _______ and saved him.
A. shows
B. showed up
C. showed
D. shows up
5.-My pencil is broken. Can you lend _____ to me?
-Certainly. Here you are.
A. your
B. you
C. yours
D. yourself
6. When my grandpa was sleeping, I entered his room and _________
A. wake up him
B. woke him up
C. woke up him
D. wake him up
7. I _____someone ______my name when I was walking in the street.
A. heard; to call
B. hear; call
C. heard; calling
D. hear; calling
8. The wallet probable _________ the woman who sat here just now.
A. belongs to
B. is belonging to
C. belong to
D. belonging to
9. Our brain helps keep our balance _______we do not fall down.
A. in order of
B. that
C. so that
D. for
10. I was______ at that time, so I couldn't hear the phone.
A. asleep
B. sleep
C. sleepy
D. slept
11.-Whose bags are these under the trees?
- They are ______.
A. their
B. theirs
C. them
D. themselves
12. "Help _______ to some bones,' John F. Dancer said to _____ dog.
A. you; his
B. oneself; its
C. your; his
D. yourself; his
13.-How many English words have you learnt?
-just _____
A. a little
B. little
C. a few
D. few
14. Good reading skills are quite useful _____us students.
A. to
B. for
C. on
D. at
15.It is time to go to bed. we had better_____
A. stop to talk
B. stop talking
C. to stop to talk
D. to stop talking
Chapter 5
一重点单词和短语
at last 终于make electricity 发电
in a way 在某种程度上come back =return 回来
connect…to… 把……连接到….. with a grin on one’s face 脸上带着笑容
a packet of …一袋，一包be on （灯，水龙头，机器等）开着
be off （灯，水龙头，机器等）关了be able to do …能够做…..
switch /turn on 开（灯，水龙头，机器等）
switch/ turn off 关（灯，水龙头，机器等）
trick sb 捉弄某人turn right/ left 向右转/向左转
look foolish 看起来很傻keep silent/ quiet 保持安静
all kinds of 各种各样的饿differe nt forms of …不同形式的
run an air conditioner 开空调change…into… 把……变成…..
a power station 发电站
二语法：情态动词
情态动词不能单独作谓语动词，后接其它动词原形做谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
表示能够或不能做某事用can 或can’t;过去式为: could.
Fish can’t live without water.
---Can she play the paino ?
---Yes,she can. /No,she can’t.
2. 告诉人们必须或禁止做某事用must或mustn’t;
You must hand in your homework at once.
You mustn’t talk loudly in public.
在回答must的疑问句时，否定回答常用needn’t 或don’t have to表示不必，而不用mustn’t 。-- Must we stay here ?
--No, you needn’t . ( No, you don’t have to .)
3.may, can，may not 表示许可和请求. 可和can 互相使用.
e.g (1).You may play computer game this evening.
(2)--- May I open the door?
.---Yes,you may / No,you may not.
拒绝对方时, 可用“ No,you mustn’t / sorry,you can’t.
.---May I watch TV now ?
---No, you mustn’t.
4，can 和be able to都可表示能……区别如下: be able to 有人称数和时态的变化。
I can come tomorrow .
He was able to help the old lady.
I will be able to come tomorrow.
随堂练习
1.John____ come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. may
B. can
C. has to
D. must
2 They _____ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to
B. be able to
C. can able to
D. are able to
3--May I take this book out?
--No, you_______.
A. can’t
B. may not
C. needn’t
D. aren’t
4 You_____ go and see a doctor at once because you’ve got a fever.
A. can
B. must
C. dare
D. would
5 -Can you speak Japanese?
-No, I_______.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. may not
6 Must I finish the work today? No, you __.
A. don’t
B. won’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
7 You _____ talk loudly in the library.
A. don’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. don’t have to
8—You must come here at six tomorrow morning.
--Sorry,I____ be here so early.
A. need
B. can
C. must
D. can’t
9. After a long walk, the old man____ be tired now.
A. must
B. has to
C. need
D. can
（二）
( )1.---What is electricity?
---It is like water ______ . It flows through a wire.
A. in the way
B. on the way
C. by the way
D. in a way
( ) 2.The boy got a nice birthday present . He looks very_______.
A. happily
B. happy
C. happiness
D. happily
( ) 3.We should _________ the lights when we go out.
A. turn on
B. turn off
C. put on
D. put off ( ) 4.The boy usually says to others_____.
A. polite
B. politely
C. impolite
D. politeness ( ) 5.We can change electricity______ different forms of energy.
A. into
B. on
C. from
D. of ( ) 6. The light is a _____ of energy.
A. way
B. line
C. form
D.road ( ) 7. ---Where is your brother? Is he at home?
---No, he_____ be at home. He has gone to England.
A. must
B. mustn’t
C. can’t
D. may ( ) 8. --- Must we sweep the floor now?
--- No , you______. You can do it tomorrow.
A. needn’t
B. can’t
C. mustn’t
D. shouldn’t Chapter 6
一重点单词和短语
uninteresting 无趣味的reject 拒绝dull 枯燥的
thank goodness 谢天谢地feel like doing sth =would like to do sth 想要做某事
lie down 躺下be patient with …对……有耐心
hate doing sth 讨厌做某事knock on/ at the door 敲门
run in rings 绕着圈跑keep doing sth 不断地做某事
mind sth/doing sth 介意某事/做某事be similar to 与……相似
all right 好吧确实be pround of 以……为自豪
二语法
1.特殊疑问词who 与whose 的用法
Who，问谁，主要用于人，对句中出现的人进行提问。
---Who is playing the piano in the next door？
---Tom.
whose 问是谁的（所有格），可以修饰指代人或事物的名词，对句中的名词所有格, 形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词进行提问
---Whose mother is a doctor?
---Nick’s.
--- Whose watch is that？
---That is your watch.
注意：whom 与who ：whom 是宾格形式，意思是谁，而who是主格形式。
Whose 与who’s: whose 是谁的，who’s =who is 谁是
2.不定代词one 与ones 的使用
One 用来替代单数可数名词，以避免重复，泛指同类事物中的任何一个。
例如：
---Excuse me, I want to find a bookshop.
---I know https://www.wendangku.net/doc/af3071415.html,e on. I’ll show you.
Ones 用来替代可数名词复数，泛指同类事物中的一些。
---Would you like the green cups or the blue cups?
--- Blue ones.
注意：it 和one都可以代替前面提到的名词，但it 代替前面提到的那件特指的事物，是指同一件事物；而one 所代替的是前面提到的同类事物，但不是同一件。
人教版七年级下册英语各单元知识点大归纳
1 | 2013春季 初一年级 | 期末短语复习 人教版七年级下册英语各单元知识点大归纳 Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? ◆短语归纳 1. play chess 下国际象棋 2. play the guitar 弹吉他 3. speak English 说英语 4. English club 英语俱乐部 5. talk to 跟…说 6. play the violin 拉小提琴 7. play the piano 弹钢琴 8. play the drums 敲鼓 9. make friends 结交朋友 10. do kung fu 练 (中国) 功夫 11. tell stories 讲故事 12. play games 做游戏 13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末 ◆用法集萃 ◆典句必背 1. Can you draw? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 2. What club do you want to join? I want to join the chess club. 3. You can join the English club. 4. Sounds good./That sounds good. 5. I can speak English and I can also play soccer. 6. Please call Mrs. Miller at 555-3721. ◆话题写作 Dear Sir, I want to join your organization (组织) to help kids with sports, music and English. My name is Mike. I am 15 years old. I’m a student in No. 1 Middle school. I can play the guitar well. I can sing many songs. I can swim and speak English well, too. I think I can be good with the kids. I also do well in telling stories. I hope to get your letter soon. Yours, Mike Unit 2 What time do you go to school? ◆短语归纳 1. what time 几点 2. go to school 去上学 3. get up 起床 4. take a shower 洗淋浴 5. brush teeth 刷牙 6. get to 到达 7. do homework 做家庭作业 8. go to work 去上班 9. go home 回家 10. eat breakfast 吃早饭 11. get dressed 穿上衣服 12. get home 到家 13. either…or… 要么…要么… 14. go to bed 上床睡觉 15. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上 16. take a walk 散步 17. lots of=a lot of 许多，大量 18. radio station 广播电台 19. at night 在晚上 20. be late for=arrive late for 迟到 ◆用法集萃 1. play +棋类/球类 下……棋，打……球 2. play the +西洋乐器 弹/拉……乐器 3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事 4. be good with sb. 和某人相处地好 5. need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 6. can + 动词原形 能/会做某事 7. a little + 不可数名词 一点儿…… 8. join the …club 加入…俱乐部 9. like to do sth. =love to do sth. 喜欢/喜爱做某事 1. at + 具体时间点 在几点（几分） 2. eat breakfast/ lunch/dinner 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 3. thirty\half past +基数词 ……点半 4. fifteen\a quarter to +基数词 差一刻到……点 5. take a/an +名词 从事……活动 6. from …to … 从……到……
初中英语知识点总结重点要看的
初中复习资料 目录英语词组总结for 和1.比较since 的四种用法2.since 延续动词与瞬间动词3. 重点部分提要词汇一. 单词⑴ 2冠词a / an / the: 3.some和any 4.family 5. little的用法 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 2. 祈使句 1.英语构词法汇 2.英语语法汇总及练习 第1讲：名词 第2讲：代词 第3讲：形容词
第4讲：副词 第5讲：动词 第6讲：不定式 第7讲介词 第8讲：连词 第9讲：时态一 第10讲：时态(二) 第11讲：动词语态 第12讲：句子种类（一） 第13讲：句子的种类(二) 讲：宾语从句14第 第15讲：状语从句There be句型与中考试题第17讲ABC 被动语态复习第18讲 【初中英语词组总结】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随……eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……
新版人教版七年级英语上下册各单元知识点总结-精编
七年级上册 Starter unit 1 1.短语归纳： good morning 早上好 good afternoon 下午好 good evening 晚上好 name list 名单 an English name 英文名字 2.必背典句： （1）Good morning! 早上好！ （2）Good afternoon! 下午好！ （3）Good evening 晚上好！ 3．英语中常见的问候语 (1)Hello! “你好！”是比较随便、不分时间的一种问候语，通常用于打招呼、打电话。 表示惊讶或引起对方注意。对方应答仍用Hello! (2)Hi! “你好！”的使用比hello！更随便，在年轻人中使用更为普遍。 (3)Nice to meet you! “很高兴见到你！”是两个初次见面、经介绍相识的人互相打招呼 的用 于。回答时可以说Nice to meet you, too.或者Me, too.表示“见到你很高兴” (4)How do you do? “你好！”用于初次见面，是非正式的打招呼用语。对方应答语应是“How do you do?” (5)How are you? 表示问候 How are you? 意为“你好吗？”，为询问对方身体状况的问候语，应答语一般是“I’m fine. Thank you. / I’m very well. Thank you. / I’m OK. How are you? 的其他用法：习惯上回答完别人的问候后，常可反问对方的身体状况，此 时可用How are you?也可用And you? “你呢？” 4.大写字母的用法： (1) 在英语中，句子的第一个单词的第一个字母都应大写。 Sit down, please. 请坐。 (2)字母I作人称代词时，意为“我”，在句中任何位置都必须大写。日常用语“OK”在句 中任何位置都大写。I’m a student. 我是一名学生。 Is everything OK? 一切都好吗？(3)人名、地名、国名、某国人或某种语言等专有名词的第一个字母都必须大写。 Lucy 露西 China 中国 Beijing 北京 Chinese 中国人 (4)表示月份、星期、重要节日的名词的第一个字母必须大写。 May 五月 Monday 星期一 New Year’s Day 元旦 (5)电影名、书名、报刊、文章的标题等中的每一个实词（如：名词、动词、形容词、副词、 数词）的第一个字母一般大写。 English Weekly 《英语周报》 (6)某些缩略词的每一个字母都必须大写。 RMB 人民币 CCTV 中国中央电视台 PK 挑战，对决 (7)表示职业、头衔和称呼的名词的第一个字母通常要大写。 Uncle Lee 李叔叔 Doctor Wang 王医生 5、字母A-H的读音及大小写、A-H的音标
人教版初一英语知识点归纳总结
人教版初一上册英语知识点归纳总结 一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写 要熟练掌握元音和辅音，5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。 二、be动词的用法 be动词有三种变形，分别是：am, is, are。记忆口诀： "我"用am, "你"用are, is用于"他、她、它";单数全都用is，复数全部都用are。 三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格) 1、三种人称：第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you, you)，第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。 2、人称代词的主格，即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态：I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。 3、人称代词的宾格，即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态：me, us, you, you, him, her, it。 4、形容词性物主代词：my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。 5、名词性物主代词：mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。 6、反身代词：myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。 四、基数词(表示数量多少的词，大致相当于代数里的自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。 五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句 1、一般疑问句：能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。 2、特殊疑问句：不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。 六、可数名词变复数 可数名词变复数时，有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1、规则变化： (1)一般情况直接在词尾加"-s "，如：cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等; (2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词，要在词尾加"-es "，如：bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等; (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加"-es "，如：baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等; (4)部分以f (e)结尾的词，变f (e)为"ves "，如：knife-knives, half-halves 等; (5)以o结尾的词，加"-s "或"-es "，如：zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀：除了"英雄"hero外，凡是能吃的，加"-es "，不能吃的加"-s "。
初一下册英语的知识点总结
初一下册英语的知识点总结 Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from? 一、词组 be from= come form 来自... pen pal=pen friend 笔友l ike and dislike 好恶;爱憎。 live in +地点在...居住 speak +语言讲某种语言 play sports 做体育运动 a little French 一些法语 go to the movies 去看电影 write to sb 给某人写信 an action movie 一部动作片 on weekends 在周末 tell sb about sth 告诉某人某事 Excuse me 对不起，打扰 get to 到达、抵达。 二、句型 1、Where+be+主语+from? 主语+be+from+地点. 2、Where do/does+主语+live?
主语+live/lives in… 3、What language do/does +主语+speak? 主语+speak/speaks…. 4、主语+like/likes+doing/to do… 5. What is your favorite subject/sport? My favorite subject/sport is… 6.Is that your new pen pal? -Yes, it is. 初一下册英语的知识总结2 Unit 2 Where’s the post office 一、词组 post office 邮局 pay phone 投币式公用电话 next to 在...隔壁 across from 在...对面 in front of 在...前面between…and…在...和...之间 on a street 在街上 in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右边/在左边behind…在…后面
初一上册英语知识点总结归纳
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11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about...? 3. Lets do sth. 4. Its time to do sth. 5. Its time for ... 6. Whats...? It is.../ Its... 7. Where is...? Its.... 8. How old are you? Im.... 9. What class are you in? Im in.... 10. Welcome to.... 11. Whats ...plus...? Its.... 12. I think... 13. Whos this? This is.... 14. What can you see? I can see.... 15. There is (are) .... 16. What colour is it (are they)? Its (Theyre)...
初一英语上册知识点归纳总结
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10，感官动词(look,sound,taste,smell,feel)+adj/like 11，选择疑问句：回答不能直接用Yes或者No，要从中选择一个回答 12，studentswantedforschoolshow(wanted表示招募，含有被动意义) 13，showsthtosb=showsbsthgivesthtosb=givesbsth 14，helpsb(to)dosth Helpsbwithsth Withsb’shelp=withthehelpofsb Helponeselfto随便享用 15，bebusydoingsth/bebusywithsth 16，needtodosth 17，befree=havetime 18，havefriends=makefriends 19，callsbat+电话号码 20，ontheweekend=onweekends 21，English-speakingstudents说英语的学生(带有连词符，有形容词性质) 22，dokungfu表演功夫 1，问时间用whattime或者when At+钟点at7o’clockatnoon/atnight(duri ng/intheday) On+具体某天、星期、特指的一天 onApril1stonSundayonacoldwintermorning In+年、月、上午、下午、晚上
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初一英语十大知识点汇总
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人教版七年级英语上下册各单元知识点
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初一上英语知识点归纳总结
仁爱英语七年级上册知识点归纳 审核：邱老师 Unit 1 1、Good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好Good night 晚安（晚上告别） 2、 glad / nice to meet / see you 见到你很高兴（回答也一样） 3、 welcome to + 地点欢迎来到…… (回答：Thank you 或者Thanks) 4、let’s + V（原）让我们做…… 5、 stand up 起立sit down 坐下 6、 this is----- 这是…… （用于介绍第三者的用语） 7、 How do you do ?你好（回答也是：How do you do ? ） 8、 How are you ? 你好吗？Fine ,thank you .and you ? 很好；谢谢；你呢？ I’m OK / I’m fine , too .我也很好。 9、 see you = see you later = see you soon = good-bye 再见 10、 excuse me 打扰一下；请问 11、I’m -----= my name is ---- 我是…… 12、 be from = come from 来自 13、 in English 用英语 14、Can you spell it ? Yes / No 你能拼写它吗？能/不能 15、That’s OK / That’s all right / You’re welcome / Not at all 不用谢 16、……years old ……岁 17、 telephone number 电话号码QQ number QQ号码ID number 身份证 18、the same （相同的）反义词是different （不同的） 例: We are in the same grade, but we are in different classes. 句型： 1. What is your name ? 你的名字是什么？ 2. Where +be + 主语+ from? 某人来自于哪里？（回答：主语+be+地点） Where are you from? I am from quanzhou. 3. How old + be + 主语？某人几岁？(回答：主语+ be + 数字) 例：How old are y ou ? I’m forteen. 4. What is your telephone number? 你的电话号码是多少? （回答：My telephone number is----或者It’s -------）注意：读出号码的时候要逐个读出。 5. What class / grade +be + 主语+ in ? 某人在哪一个班级/年级？ 例：what class are you in ? I am in Class Five. (注意：Class 和Five需要大写） what grade are you in ? I am in Grade Seven. （注意：Glass 和Seven需要大写） 6. What’s this/ that (in English) ?这是什么？ （回答：It’s a/an + 单数名词. 这是……） What’ re these/ those (in En glish) ? 这些是什么？ （回答：They’re + 复数名词这些是……） 7. How do you spell it ? 你怎么拼写它？E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser. (注意拼读方法) Unit 2 1、sb + has/ have ( an /a ) + adj + 五官=== sb’s五官is / are + adj (描述长相) 例：Lily has a small nose. = Lily’s nose is small. 2、 I know = I see 我明白了
天津初一英语(下册)知识点总汇
初一英语下册知识点总汇 ◆Unit 1.Where’s the post office? 目标语言：ask for and give directions on the street 重点句型：Is there a bank near here? Yes, there’s a bank on Center Street. Is there a supermarket? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t. Where’s the sup er market? It’s next to the library. The pay phone is across from the library. The pay phone is next to the library. The pay phone is between the post office and the library. The pay phone is on Green Street. Just go straight and turn left. It’s down Bridge Street on the right. It’s next to a supermarket. Is there a big supermarket near where you live? 重点词组：across from, on the street, between…and…, next to, in the neighborhood, go straigh t, turn left, on the right(left), on the avenue, take a walk, in the hotel, the beginning of, have fun doing, on a bench, the way to, take a taxi, go down, go through, have a good trip,welcome to+n.，the way to+n去。。。的路，hope to do 知识点： 1．there be 句型 （1）there be 句型常用来表示某地/某时有某物/某人。 （2）各种句型结构： 肯定句：There＋be （is/are）＋某物/某人＋地点/时间。 否定句：There＋be（is/are）＋not＋某物/某人＋地点/时间。 一般疑问句：Be（Is/Are）＋there＋某物/某人＋地点/时间？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋be（is/are）＋there＋其它？ e.g. There is a pencil on the desk. 桌子上有一支铅笔。 否定句：There isn't a pencil on the desk. 桌子上没有铅笔。 一般疑问句：Is there a pencil on the desk? 桌子上有铅笔吗？ 特殊疑问句（划线部分提问）：What's on the desk? 桌子上有什么？ 注意： There be后面所接的某物有多个时，谓语动词be要根据最靠近它的那个名词的单复数来确定，即就近原则。 e.g. There is a pen, a pencil-box and some books on my desk. 我的桌子上有一支钢笔，一个铅笔盒和一些书。 There are some books, a pen and a pencil-box on my desk. 2．Where引导的特殊疑问句 句式：Where +一般疑问句？ 用法：表示“在哪儿”，提问地点，方位等。 1)询问来自何处 -Where are you from? -I am from England. 2) 询问去何处 -Where are you going? - I am going to the zoo. 3) 询问物品位置 -Where are my shoes? -They are under your bed. 4) 询问某人位置 -Where is Tom? -Look! He is in the tall tree. 【注意】1和不熟悉的英美人见面打招呼时，不能问Where are you going?因为这涉及到对方的隐私。否则，对方有可能说“It’s none of your business.”这不管你的事。 2．在英语中，询问某人地址在哪，用What’s your address? 3. 在回答某人，某物所处的位置时，一定要用准表示方位的介词。如at,in,on,next to, near等。