雅思图表写作讲义
图表写作
一总述
1任务要求：考生在20分钟内完成150个单词的小文章。
2 内容：图表（line graph, bar chart, pie chart, table, diagram)
3 文体：summary
4考察能力：客观地描述图形信息；
进行比较和对比；
对非个人性的话题提供报告，不掺杂个人意见；
使用图形描述语言。
Note: 这里涉及到考试三原则——objectivity客观性原则（考生进行描述是不能有任何脸型式的个人观点），carefulness 周密性原则（有时作文题会安排一个隐藏着的特征信息，考察考生的观察能力和横向比较能力，考生若能发现并加以描述，可以得到一个印象分，如没发现，则正常阅卷），accuracy 精确性原则（考生须用准确生动的语言对数据进行描述）。
5 考生对图表题所存在的三个问题：
?对于写作当中的套用句掌握不充分
?对于不同图表的破题思路存在问题
?连接方面存在困难
二图表题总的认识
2．图表作文结构
?引言段：对图表主题作总介绍（关于什么主题的什么图/时间（1~2句）
?正文段：
?1）对图表进行总的概述或解说用（1～2 句）
?2）对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较（2~3段）
?结尾段：对所描述的图表信息进行总结（1~2句）
?
三、图表题写作 1．审题：
? －先看文字信息－把握主题 ? －再看图标信息－把握具体信息 ? Eg.p28
? 横坐标：时间1950－1996（时态？） ? 纵坐标：数据（单位？）
? 图表标题：world grain harvested area,1950-1996
2.Introduction 写作
通过改写题目（同义词转换，句式结构改変，增减细节）完成引言段写作 ? Eg.请改写P28的题目
? 比较原题与改写后的introduction 有什么不同之处：
? The graph below shows the area of land from which grain was harvested. ? This line graph above illustrates the total world grain harvested areas in
millions of hectares between 1950 and 1996. ? 同义词转换：show- illustrate ，reveal ，depict, demonstrate, compare, give some
information about …,
? 句式转换：the total grain harvested areas
? 增加细节：in millions of hectares , between 1950 and 1996
注意：为避免plagiarism,一定要对题目进行改头换面。Eg.
1) The two pie charts show the proportion of males and females in employment
in 6 broad categories. 更换词语 The two pie charts give the proportion of men and women employed in 6 broad areas. 2） The two pie charts show the proportion of males and females in employment
更换句式结构
? The two pie charts show, in 6 broad categories, the proportion of males and
females in employment.
图表作文开头段落常见语言结构：
练习：
1．请为P30的线状图写引言段。
参考：The graph shows the number of West Indians and Indians and Pakistanis immigrating to the UK from 1940 to 1970.
2．请为以下的复合图写引言段。
People arrested over the past 5 years
参考答案：
? The pie charts and the bar chart respectively present the proportion of males
and females arrested over the past five years and some significant reasons why they were arrested in 2007. 或
? The pie charts compare the proportion of males and females arrested over the
past five years and the bar chart illustrates some significant reasons in2007.
3.主体段落写作
1）对图表的特点或趋势进行总的概述或解说（1～2 句） 2）对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较（2~3段）
1）对图表的特点或趋势进行总的概述或解说－general statement 即概述图表写作的最大特点或总趋势
Eg.P28线状图的总趋势
In general, the total harvest area increased until 1980, at which point there was
a reduction in the area harvested due to retrenchment. P30 两条线的总趋势/总特点 As can be seen, immigration of both West Indians and Indians and Pakistanis increased rapidly over a twenty-year period. After 1960, the number of West Indian immigrants decreased sharply whereas the number of Indian and Pakistani immigrants continued to increase. 练习
请为以下复合图写作总概述
People arrested over the past 5 years
参考
According to the graph, more males than females were arrested and thief became the most common reason of arrest in 2007.
引出总概述的语言
? As can be seen, the most striking feature is …
? As is shown/depicted in the table, the most obvious feature is … ? From the graph, we can see clearly that … ? From the chart, it is apparent that … ? According to the graph, ? Generally speaking, ? It is noted that … ? Overall,…
2）对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较（2~3段）
2．1 趋势图（线状图）：
解题思路：按时间发展顺序写作；
语言点：四个方向的语言点－运动范畴，程度范畴，时间范畴，数据范畴与连接范畴．
运动范畴中存在着如下的８种运动趋向：
１.保持平稳：我们可以使用的套用结构有: stay stable/remain steady.
举例：表示人口数量保持平稳的时候可以写: the number of population stayed stable。/the number of population remained steady.
2.上升/增加：我们可以使用的套用结构有：rise/ climb/ increase/ ascend/mount/aggrandize(增加)
举例：人口上升：the number of population increased/ascended/mounted等等。
3．下降/减少：我们可以使用的套用结构有：fall/ drop/ decrease/ descend/ decline 举例：人口减少：the number of population decreased/ declined.
4．.波动：这个就像我们的心电图一样。英语中叫fluctuate.
举例：人口波动：number of population fluctuated.
5．达到顶峰：peak/ reach its summit/reach its zenith
举例：人口到达了顶峰：number of population peaked/ reached its summit/ reached its zenith.
程度范畴：、
缓慢的/轻微的：gradually/ smoothly/ steadily/ slightly/moderately/slowly
陡然的/大幅度的：dramatically/ sharply/ considerably/ appreciably/ greatly/ steeply/ significantly/ markedly/rapidly/quickly/ suddenly/
举例:1.人口大幅度攀升:number of population mounted dramatically.
2.人口轻微下降:number of population decreased slightly.
3.人口逐渐下降:number of population decreased gradually.
1）上升/下降后面使用to(到)和by(了)
举例:
1. 人口下降到200万: number of population decreased to 2 million.
2. 人口下降了200万: number of population decreased by 2 million.
3. 人口上升到1000万: number of population increased to 10 million.
4. 人口上升了500万: number of population increased by 5 million.
2）. remain steady/ stay stable/ level off/ bottom out/ peak/reach its peak/ reach its zenith后面需要使用的是at.
举例: 1.人口在500万上保持平稳:number of population remained steady at 5 million.
1. 人口在800万时到达了顶峰:number of population peaked at 8 million.
2. 下降后,人口在400万保持平稳:after decreasing, number of population bottomed out at 4 million.
3. 上升后,人口在700万保持平稳: after mounting, number of population leveled off
at 7 million.
3）fluctuate的后面大家需要连接between …..and…..
举例: 人口在2和100亿之间波动:number of population fluctuated between 2 and 10 billion.(那俩人是ADAM和EVE)
练习：请描述一下线状图
1950 1960 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005
参考答案：
The number of tourists increased greatly during the first 10 years from 1950 to 1960, reaching its peak at 100 in 1960. After an initial drop, the tourist numbers had kept steady at around 100 for 10 years between 1965 and 1975. It is noted that the following 30-year period saw an overall upward trend with some fluctuations.
常用4大句型：
1）sth + verb+程度＋数据＋时间。
The price increased greatly to 100 from 1950 to 1960.
2）sth+ verb的名词短语形式(含程度）＋数据＋时间。
The price experienced a great increase to 100 from 1950 to 1960. undergo/ go through/suffer
3）there be +变化的名词＋数据＋in＋某方面＋时间。
There was a great increase to 100 in the tourist numbers from 1950 to 1960. 4）时间＋见证＋变化的名词＋数据＋in＋某方面。
The 10-year period from 1950 to 1960 saw/ witnessed a great increase to 100 in the number of tourists.
总结：线状图解题思路
?一条线：按时间发展顺序，选取有明显变化的趋势特征进行写作。
?二条线：1）两条线各分两段。先写A线，再写B线。每条线按照其固有的特点完成描写，分析和比较。2） AB线同时比较着完成各自的特点描写。
?三条线：1）先写A线。再对比着写B线和C线。2）三条线对比着写。
?
Eg
两条线（JapanVS sweden）分开来写：
Japan: stood at – dip into …before bouncing back to 5% again- be expected to shoot up to about 28% in 2040, the highest among the three countries
Sweden: increased gradually- grew with some fluctuations- be predicted to ascend to roughly 25%
对比着写：
Japan: stood at –dip into …before bouncing back to 5% again in 2000。Unlike Japen, sweden experienced a gradual increase in the number of aged people from around 9% in 1940 to roughly 14% in 1980. After that, the aged population in Sweden increased continually with some fluctuations, while Japan is expected to shoot up to about 28% in 2040, 4% higher than Sweden.
四．非趋势图
1.解题思路：？？？
——分类：找有意义数据（最大，最小，相同etc.）
2.必备语言点：百分比，大小比较，数据导入，先后顺序
2.1 百分比的表示
?occupy
?gain
?share
?represent
?have/has
?constitute
?account for
?make up Array?take up
?be divided into
?be allocated to
?be distributed to
如：
?
?
?
?The smallest percentage is distributed to fish, which gains only 5%.
2.2 大小比较
?表示A比B….
?The sales of chicken is 40% more than that of fish.
? is 8 times more than that of fish.
? is 9 times of that of fish.
练习：请比较P41 男性和女性在管理职位上的情况
?In managerial position, the number of the male is obviously more than that
of the female.
?There are more men in managerial position than women.
? A greater number of men than that of women were found in managerial position.
?The number of men who are employed in managerial position is much larger than
that of women working in the same occupation.
?In managerial position, the company owned more men than women.
?表示相同的
? A is equal to B.
?The sales of pork is equal to that of beef.
? A and B are equal.
? A is (exactly/ approximately) the same as B.
?The sales of pork is exactly two times the same as that of lamb.
? A is as …. as B.(表示倍数）
?The sales of chicken is above twice as much as that of beef.
?Pork sells twice as much meat as lamb.
?There are twice as many students in Class A as that of Class B.
?The figures in terms of the daily calorie supply per head and life expectancy
at birth in Bangladesh were only the half of those in USA in 1992
2.3 数据引入
?（）
?at
?Which引导的定语从句
?分词结构
?With
? A versus B
? A as opposes to B
?respectively
eg
?The sales of chicken (45%) is 40% more than that of fish.
?The sales of chicken is 8 times more than that of fish at 5%.
?Pork and beef are equal at 20%.
?The sales of chicken is 9 times of that of fish, which occupies only 5%.
?The sales of chicken is 9 times of that of fish, occupying only 5%.
With 的使用1)-引出一个数字
?Chicken has the highest percentage
?(45%).
?at 45%.
?, which represents about 45% of the total.
?, accounting for about 45% of the total.
?with 45% of the total being sold.
With 的使用2)-“一拖几”
?More chicken (45%) is sold than any other kind of meat with pork and beef equal at 20%, lamb at 10%, and fish, th2 smallest, at only 5%.
?More chicken (45%) is sold than any other kind of meat with the same percentage (20%) in pork and beef ,10% in lamb, and only 5% in fish.
请完成以下句子。
?鸡肉卖得比羊肉都多，45％比10％。
?The proportion of chicken sold (45%)is obviously more than that of lamb(10%).
?More chicken is sold than lamb, 45% versus 10%.
? A larger percentage of chicken than that of lamb is sold, 45% as opposes to 10%.
?鸡肉卖得比羊肉和鱼肉都多，分别是45％比10％和5％。
?The proportion of chicken sold (45%)is obviously more than that of lamb(10%) and fish (5%).
?More chicken is sold than lamb and fish, 45% versus 10%,and 5% respectively.
? A larger percentage of chicken than that of lamb and fish is sold, 45% as opposes to 10% and 5% respectively.
请用所学过的知识点为该饼图写一段话
?参考：先后顺序
?最大/第一：gain the highest percentage
? rank first/second
? come top/top the list
? come out first
? shoot into the first place
?其次：then，
? , followed by …
? comes there …
?值得一提的是：it is noted that …
五、非常规图：
非常规图diagram (示意图）
1. 静态图：
?地图（location，direction, some other detailed information provided) ?地理变化：P47
?事物内部结构和功能P49
2. 动态图P55
?流程图：
?循环图：P55
?The diagram illustrates the internal structure/function of sth., ? Some information of doing sth. 动态图
?
?流程图：
?－the process of sth., which is designed to ..
?－how sth is produced, which serves as …
?
雅思图表作文-线图
Dubai Gold Sales The line graph shows estimated sales of gold in Dubai for 12 months in 2002 in millions of dirhams. There were two main seasons for gold sales. The main season for sales is in the December to May period. Sales were consistently above 200 million dirhams per month, rising sharply to a peak of 350 million dirhams in March. However, for the next four months, sales declined steadily,reaching an annual low of 120 million dirhams in July. In August, there was a sudden increase. Sales almost doubled, rising from 120 million dirhams in July to 210 million dirhams in August. This was followed by a drop in September, the July figure. From September to October, sales recovered, from 120 to 180 million. In October and November, sales r emained steady, and there was a small increase in December to 190 million dirhams. In conclusion, the main sales period is in the early part of the year, slumping in the summer, except for a sudden increase in August. Dubai Tourism, 1990-1994 The graph shows the numbers of tourists in hundreds of thousands visiting Dubai between 1990 and 1994. There are several features in the graph. First of all, the total number of tourists increased rapidly between 1990 and 1994. In 1990 there was a total of 450,000 tourists in Dubai. This rose sharply to 625,000 in 1991, an increase of more than 30%, and rose slightly again to just under 700,000 in 1992. In the following two years, the number of visitors started to pick up again and reached 1 million in 1994. This was more thandouble the figure for 1990. The second trend is that there was a huge increase in the number of tourists from Russia. In 1990, Russian tourists comprised only 20,000 or less than 5% of visitors. This number shot up to 50,000 in 1991 and doubled again to more than 100,000 in 1992. Between 1992 and 1994, the number trebled, from 110,000 to 330,000. This meant that Russian tourists made up one-third,or 33%, of Dubai’s 1 million visitors in 1994. In comparison, the number of tourists from other countries increased only slightly, from 550,000 in 1991 to 580,000 in 1994.
雅思经典图表作文范文
# 43. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The table below shows CO2 emissions for different forms of transport in the European Union. The Pie Chart shows the percentage of European Union funds being spent on different forms of transport. You should write at least 150 words.
model answer: The chart shows CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre for variuos methods of transport in the European Union while the pie chart shows European Union spending on transport. Flying by air produces by far the greatest CO2 emissions, approximately three times as much as passenger cars which are the next largest producers. Very little is spent by the EU on air travel while roads make up more than half of the EU transport budget. Trains produce about three times less CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre than passenger cars and eight times less than air travel. Nearly a third of EU transport funds are spent on railways. Ships are a clean form of transport and produce about the same amount of CO2 per passenger kilometre as trains do. However, only 2 percent of EU funds are spent on ports. A further one percent is spent on inland waterways. Coaches are the cleanest form of transport. Emissions of CO2 per passenger kilometre from coaches are half those of buses. Buses emit less than half as much CO2 per passenger kilometre as cars. The European Union spends 10 percent of its transport budget on public transport, such as buses and coaches. (197 words)
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it remained at a similar level until 2003. From 1999 to 2004, the immigration rate rose by nearly 150,000 people, but there was a much smaller rise in emigration. Net migration peaked at almost 250,000 people in 2004. After 2004, the rate of immigration remained high, but the number of people emigrating fluctuated. Emigration fell suddenly in 2007, before peaking at about 420,000 people in 2008. As a result, the net migration figure rose to around 240,000 in 2007, but fell back to around 160,000 in 2008.(159)
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19.这是个柱型图，描述了… 20.如图所示，两条曲线描述了…的波动情况。 21.在…至…期间，…基本不变。 22.在…年到…期间… 23. 1995年至1998三年里… 24.从那时起… 25.…月(年)至…月（年)…的数量基本不变。 26.数字急剧上升至… 27.…至…期间…的比率维持不变。 28.…的数目在…月（年）达到顶点，为… 29.比率维持在… 30.…的比例比…的比例略高（低）。 31.…与…的区别不大。 32.该图表表明…的数目增长了三倍。 33…逐年减少，而…逐步上升。 34.…的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为…百分点。 35.数字（情况）在…达到底部。 36.数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。
37. a是b的…倍。 38. a增长了… 39. a增长到… 40.比例高（低） 41.…数字呈上升趋势。 42. …到…发生急剧上升。 43.从…到…，下降速率减慢。 44.从这年起，…逐渐下降至… 45.与…相似 46.与…相同 47.…与…之间有许多相似（不同）之处 48. a于b有共同之处。 49. a与b之间的差别在于… 50.…年…急剧上升。
雅思经典图表作文范文
#45. The charts below show the percentage of their food budget the average family spent on restaurant meals in different years. The graph shows the number of meals eaten in fast food restaurants and sit-down restaurants. You should write at least 150 words. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Over the past 30 years, the average family has dramatically increased the number of meals that they eat at restaurants. The percentage of the family's food budget spent on restaurant meals steadily climbed. Just 10 percent of the food budget was spent on restaurant meals in 1970, and 15 percent in 1980. That percentage more than doubled in 1990, to 35 percent, and rose again in 2000 to 50 percent. Where families eat their restaurant meals also changed during that 30-year period. In 1970, families ate the same number of meals at fast food and sit-down restaurants. In 1980, fam?ilies ate slightly more frequently at sit-down restaurants. However, since 1990, fast food restaurants serve more meals to the families than do the sit-down restaurants. Most of the restaurant meals from 2000 were eaten at fast food restaurants. If this pattern continues, eventually the number of meals that families eat at fast food restaurants could double the number of meals they eat at sit-down restaurants. (164 words)
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2011雅思小作文 最全万能模板
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智课网 IELTS 备考资料 雅思写作图表题解题思路 摘要:雅思写作图表题的解题思路有哪些 ? 无论什么样的考试,事先了解考试的范围内容,以及解题思路就会给考生带来很大的帮助,这也是取得好成绩的重要条件,下面小马过河就帮帮助大家进行详细的讲解雅思写作图表题的解题思路。 第一步:雅思写作改写题目 在考场上,时间是最宝贵的,当考生拿到作文题目,首先通过改写题目完成作文的第一段, “ 同义转换” 是其核心方法,包括两个步骤,第一同义词置换,第二句式变换,也就是说用不同的词、不同的句式表达相同的意思。 第二步:分析时态 1. 图表小作文大部分时候使用过去时态,因为出现的数据一般都是以往的统计数据,过去的情形和现在的情形很有可能完全不一样,因此用过去时态比较恰当。 2. 如果图表里没有出现明显的时间标志,那么用一般现在时态就可以了。 3. 某些情况下,图表作文也会出现将来时间,这个时候用将来时态。 第三步:分析图中数字的含义以及单位 很多同学由于急于完成文章,所以忽略了对图中数据的分析,比如说,有些题目中会在角落里标明百分号和单位,很多同学没有注意到,就认为图中的数字是表示个数或者弄错单位,这样整篇文章的分数就会受到很大的影响。因此先不要急于动笔写,先分析好了,再动笔也不迟。更加值得注意的是,小作文也会走题。 第四步:分析图表
一个图表包含的数据非常多,不能够把每一个数据都列出来,而要描述关键的数据,题目中要求总结,因此作文中必须包含概括性,总结性的语句,除了 specific information,更加需要加入 general information. 通过这四个雅思写作图表题解题步骤,考生可以轻松地在 20分钟内完成小作文,也可以避免出现时态、走题等重大错误。从容的面对小作文,顺利地在 20分钟内完成高质量的小作文是取得雅思写作高分的关键。 相关字搜索:雅思写作
作文范文之雅思图表类英语作文模板
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