2020届高考英语八大语法易错点专题01 动词不定式 练习(含解析)

2020届高考英语八大语法易错点专题

动词不定式

一、单句填空

1. ______ (stay) warm at night, I would fill the wood stove, then set my

alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.

2. I stopped the car ______ (take) a short break as I was feeling tired.

3. Let those in need ______ (understand)that we will go all out to help

them.

4. The airport ______ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in

this area.

5. They might just have a place ______(leave) on the writing course—why

don’t you give it a try?

6. The engine just won’t s tart. Something seems ______ (go) wrong with it.

7. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ______

(watch) anything that happened to be on.

8. I remembered ______ (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot

to turn off the lights.

9. We’re having a meeting in half an hour.The decision______ (make) at

the meeting will influence the future of our company.

10. If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ (meet) an

even greater challenge.

11. George returned after the war, only______ (tell) that his wife had left

him.

12. We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs ______ (do) to

achieve the final success.

13. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school ______

(speak) to the new students.

14. This machine is very easy ______(operate). Anybody can learn to use it

in a few minutes.

15. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only______ (find) his plane high up in the sky.

答案解析

1. To stay考查不定式做目的状语

2. to take考查不定式做目的状语

3. understand 考查动词不定式作使役动词的宾语省略（主动语态中）

4. to be completed 考查不定式的将来式作后置定语

5. to leave 考查不定式作后置定语

6. to have gone 考查不定式的完成式作表语

7. to watch 考查不定式作状语 be +adj. +to do 结构

8. to lock 考查不定式作宾语，表示未发生的动作 remember to do 记得做

某事（尚未做）

9. to be made 考查不定式的被动式作后置定语

10. to meet 考查不定式作介词but except的宾语，前面无实义动词需要

加to

11. to be told 考查不定式作结果状语，与only连用表示意外的结果

12. to be done（or doing）考查不定式作宾语，need to be done=need doing

13. to speak 考查不定式作主语补足语，invite sb. to do 的被动结构

14.to operate 考查不定式作状语

15. to find考查不定式作结果状语，与only连用表示意外的结果

二、语法填空

Mbappe, who was born on 20 December 1998, is technically still on loan at Paris St-Germain from Monaco but ___21___ (expect) to join the French champions for 180m euros(￡165.7m) as the second ___22___ (expensive) player of all time. Only the 200meuros (￡177m) PSG paid for Brazil forward Neymar in 2017 surpasses that fee. It is not just searing pace Mbappe is blessed

with but sublime skill, quick thinking, two clever feet, a cool head, bravery, belief and a brutal eye forgoal. His two finishes were predatory, low and powerful. What’s more，He is fast. This requires some clarification: most professional soccer players are fast, in the sense ___23___ they move more quickly than the average person. Some are fast in a more impressive sense, in that they move more quickly than the average professional soccer player. It was an incredible performance from a centre forward ___24___ has the lot: blistering pace, goals, touch and technique.

"At 19, to put in a performance like that, ___25___ millions watching and Messi at the other end, it was simply brilliant." Mbappe, from the suburbs of Paris, only___26___ his international debut last year. His rise to the top has been dizzying ___27___ he burst on to the scene in the 2016-17 season, ___28___(score) 26 goals in 44 games as Monaco reached the Champions League semi-finals and won Ligue 1.

His two goals here utterly wiped out Argentina's gathering momentum and announced his supreme talent to the world. Not since1958, when the legendary Brazilian Pele, then 17, found the net twice against Sweden in the final, has a teenager scored twice in a World Cup game.

"I'm very happy, and it's flattering ___29___ (compare) to a great player like Pele but he's in another category," Mbappe said. "Still, it's great to join the list of players that ___30___ (achieve) such feats."

答案解析

21.is expected 考查一般现在时的被动

22. most expensive 考查形容词的最高级

23. that考查同位语从句

24. who/that 考查定语从句

25. with 考查介词

26. made 考查过去分词做后置定语

27. since 考查时间状语从句

28. scoring 考查现在分词作伴随状语

29. to be compared 考查动词不定式的被动

30. have achieved 考查现在完成时

翻译：

姆巴佩（Mbappe）于1998年12月20日出生，技术上仍然在摩纳哥的巴黎圣日耳曼租借，但预计将以1.8亿欧元（1.657亿英镑）的身份加盟法国队，成为有史以来第二贵的球员。2017年只有2亿欧元（1.77亿英镑）的PSG为巴西前锋内马尔（Neymar）支付超过该费用。这不仅仅是炙热的步伐姆巴佩（Mbappe）有幸拥有但崇高的技巧，敏捷的思维，两只聪明的脚，一个冷静的头脑，勇敢，信念和对进球的残酷目光。他的两次表演完全是掠夺性的，低级的和强大的。更重要的是，他很快。这需要澄清一下：大多数职业足球运动员速度都很快，因为他们的移动速度比普通人快。有些人在更令人印象深刻的意义上是快速的，因为他们比一般的职业足球运动员更快地移动。这是一个来自中锋的令人难以置信的表现，他的表现非常出色：速度，目标，触感和技术。

“在19岁的时候，为了进行这样的表演，数百万人在观看，梅西在另一端观看，这简直太棒了。”来自巴黎郊区的姆巴佩（Mbappe）去年才首次亮相国际赛场。自从他在2016-17赛季开始出场以来，他的崛起让人目不暇接，在摩纳哥进入欧冠半决赛并赢得法甲1场比赛的44场比赛中打入26球。他在这里的两个目标完全消除了阿根廷的聚集势头，并宣布了他对世界的最高才能。自1958年以来，当时17岁的传奇巴西人贝利在决赛中两次击败瑞典网队，在世界杯比赛中有一名少年获得两次胜利。

“我非常高兴，和一个像贝利这样的伟大球员相比，这很令人捧腹，但他还处于另一个类别，”姆巴佩（Mbappe）说。尽管如此，加入获得这些成就的球员名单真是太棒了。”

三、小猫钓鱼

Revealed! Mbappe has Nigerian roots

Monaco striker Kylian Mbappe has attracted some of the biggest sides in world football in the last few weeks,making the 18-year-old football’s mo st courted teenager. The striker took Europe by storm last season, scoring 26 goals in all ___31___ in his first full season at senior club level. Mbappe is one of the most sought after players in the summer transfer market in Europe. Reports on Tuesday claimed that Real Madrid has agreed to ___32___ the teenager for ￡161m. While close followers of the ___33___ striker acknowledge his ability to carve out goals, not much of these people know that the hugely ___34___ player has Nigerian roots, as a recent research by The PUNCH has shown.

Kylian’s father, Wilfred Mbappe, who has Cameroonian and Nigerian roots, was once a refugee, who migrated to France for greener pastures. According to reports, Wilfred in a bid to get a(n)___35___ stay got married to an Algerian-French lady Fayza, an ex-handball player.Kylian was given a Yoruba middle name Adesanmi meaning“crown fits me” by Wilfred,who also ___36___ a son, Jirès KemboEkoko, a professional footballer of Congolese descent, but has a biological son and younger brother of Kylian named Adeyemi Mbappe, in ___37___ of his Nigerian roots. Adeyemi is a Yoruba name meaning “the crown befits you.”Indeed, Adeyemi is the reason why Kylian

celebrates his goals by posing with his arms ___38___ and thumbs up. “This is how my younger brother celebrated when he beat me in the FIFA video game,” said Mbappe. Wilfried works as coach at AS Bondy and he started training Kylian at the age of six. He also spends time coaching Adeyemi, while he is ___39___ his Kylian’s agent.

Meanwhile, the Monaco star has also been linked as a grandson of Cameroonian midfield legend Samuel Mbappe Leppe. But findings by our correspondent has shown that the late Leppe, who played for Oryx Douala in the 1950s and 1960s, winning five league and three Cup title (1963, 1968 and 1970) and was the first captain to lift the African Champions Clubs’ Cup in the 1964/65 season, may not have any biological___40___ with Kylian.

解题策略：

1.转化：links n./v. sign n./v.

2.派生：

（1）emerge-emerging cross-crossed talent-talented adopt-adopted

（2）compete-competition recognize-recognition

（3）current-currently delicate- delicately

（4）permanent

核心词汇（以sign用法为例）：

sign n. 符号；招牌；标记；手势 vt. 签（名）；以手势表示

(1) sign a bill签署法案 (2012宝山一模）

(2) sign a contract 签署协议 (2012崇明二模）

(3) look at the sign 看那个标记（2013青浦一模）

(4) Your child may use sign language at school to communicate...

你的孩子或许在学校使用手势语言交流（2016杨浦二模）

(5) Despite a nice sign placed outside the room exhibiting images of both me and my book, not a single customer entered the room.

尽管在展示我和我的书的图像的房间外有一个很好的标志，但没有一个顾客进入房间。(2018徐汇一模)

参考答案：BHAIC JDKFE

翻译：

摩纳哥前锋基利安·姆巴佩(Kylian Mbappe)在过去的几周吸引了世界足坛的一些最大的球员，使得这位18岁的足球最受青睐的少年。上赛季，这位前锋在欧洲风靡一时，在他的第一个赛季的高级俱乐部级别的所有比赛中都打入了26球。姆巴佩是欧洲夏季转会市场最受追捧的球员之一。周二的报道称皇马已经同意以1.61亿英镑签下这名青少年。虽然新兴前锋的密切关注者承认他有能力实现目标，但这些人中并没有多少人知道这位天赋异禀的球员有尼日利亚人的血统，正如The PUNCH最近的一项研究所表明的那样。

他的父亲，威尔弗雷德·姆巴佩（WilfredMbappe）曾是喀麦隆人和尼日利亚人的血统，曾经是一个难民，后来移居法国寻找绿色牧场。据报道，威尔弗雷德为了获得永久居留而与一名前手球运动员阿尔及利亚法裔女士费萨结婚。基利安（Kylian）被授予Yoruba中间名Adesanmi，意思是Wilfred 的“皇冠适合我”，他还采用了儿子Jirès Kembo Ekoko，一名刚果血统的职业足球运动员，但拥有生物方面联系的儿子和Kylian的弟弟Adeyemi Mbappe，他的尼日利亚血统。Adeyemi是Yoruba的名字，意思是“冠冕适合你。”事实上，Adeyemi就是为什么Kylian双臂交叉和竖起大拇指来庆祝他的目标。“这就是我弟弟在国际足联电子游戏中击败我的时候庆祝的事情，”姆巴佩说。威尔弗里德担任AS Bondy的教练，他在六岁时开始训练基利安。他还花时间教练Adeyemi，而他现在是他的基利安的经纪人。

与此同时，摩纳哥球星也被联系为喀麦隆中场传奇人物塞缪尔·姆贝普·莱佩的孙子。但本报记者的调查结果显示，已故的莱佩在20世纪50年代和60年代为羚羊杜阿拉效力，赢得了5个联赛和3个杯赛冠军（1963,1968和1970年），并且是第一位解除非洲冠军俱乐部杯的队长在1964/65赛季，可能与基利安没有任何生物方面的联系。

四、阅读理解

（导读：本文选自《卫报》上讲述母亲的伟大。网址为https://https://www.wendangku.net/doc/af7637936.html,/environment/2019/jan/11/ella-kissi-debrah-mothe r-wins-right-seek-new-inquest-high-court-air-pollution）

Mother wins right to seek new inquest into girl's death linked to air

pollution

The mother of a schoolgirl who died of an asthma attack linked to air pollution has won the right to seek a new inquest at the high court.

The attorney general moved on Friday to quash the inquest into the death of Ella Kissi-Debrah at the age of nine, after new evidence linked it to air pollution spikes from traffic near her home in south London.

After a long fight by her mother, Rosamund Kissi-Debrah, Sir Geoffrey Cox granted her the right to go to the high court for a new inquest.

Kissi-Debrah said: “Words cannot expres s how happy I am that the attorney general has taken this decision, and I would like to thank him for reaching his conclusion.

“Nothing will bring my beautiful, bright, bubbly child back, but now at least I may get answers about how she died and whether it was air pollution which snatched her away from us.

“Now I hope a new inquest will make those in power realise that our children are dying as a result of the air that they breathe. This cannot go on.

“Why is this not being taken more seriously by the gove rnment? What do we need to do to make them prioritise our children’s lives over convenience and the rights of people to pollute?”

Ella lived 25 metres (82ft) from the heavily polluted South Circular Road in Lewisham. She died in February 2013 after three years of seizures and 27 visits to hospital for asthma attacks.

An expert last year linked her death to the dangerously high levels of pollution from diesel traffic that breached legal limits.

Jocelyn Cockburn, a partner at the law firm Hodge Jones & Allen, who represents Rosamund Kissi-Debrah, said the decision was a major step towards justice for the family.

“An inquest will provide a better understanding of why she died and whether her death was avoidable. It will force the government and other bodies to account for their actions and, in many regards, their inaction on air pollution over this period,” she said.

“Air pollution is costing people’s lives and those most vulnerable are children. There is a need for more urgency into how air pollution is dealt with in urban areas to bring it within lawful limits as soon as possible.”

Kissi-Debrah believes the government’s failure to act to reduce air pollution from diesel traffic was a breach of her daughter’s human rights.

The government has repeatedly failed to bring nitrogen dioxide pollution levels to within legal limits.

Until the end of 2010, Ella had been extremely active and in good health.

But following a chest infection in October 2010, she had respiratory issues for the remainder of her short life, and was treated in five London hospitals for severe unstable asthma, with 27 separate hospital admissions over a three-year period.

An inquest into Ella’s death at Southwark coroner’s court in 2014 concluded her death was caused by acute respiratory failure and severe asthma.

Prof Stephen Holgate, an expert on asthma and air pollution, was instructed to carry out a report on her death and said there was a “striking association” between the times she was admitted to hospital and recorded spikes in nitrogen dioxide and PM10s, the most noxious pollutants, near her home.

His report said there was a “real prospect that without unlawful levels of air pollution, Ella would not have died”.

Holgate also considered the death certificate should be amended to reflect the fact that air pollution was a contributory factor in her death.

Kissi-Debrah has launched a fundraising campaign to help pay for representation at the high court hearing.

1. According to the passage, how did the attorney do at first?

A. canceled the case.

B. granted the right to go to the high court for a new inquest.

C. let the girl back to the mother.

D. saved the all the problem.

2. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A. The mother can get the daughter back

B. The mother would be happy

C. The mother would appreciate the attorney.

D. The mother would appreciate Sir Geoffrey Cox

3. Who is the object of thinking in the article?

A. The attorney.

B. The mother.

C. The expert.

D. The government.

4. Which of the following options is not mention through this passage？

A . The girl’s mother may win the appeal.

B. Asthma is associated with air pollution.

C. The government should be responsible for the death of the girl

D. Respiratory problems are related to air pollution.

5. It can be inferred from the last passage that _____.

A. The girl’s mother will win the inquest

B. Girl's mother lacks funds.

C. The girl's mother launched a movement

D. The girl’s mother calls on everyone to protect the environment.

文章大意：本文主要讲了一位死于与空气污染有关的哮喘发作的女学生的母亲赢得了在高等法院进行新调查的权利。斯蒂芬·霍尔盖特教授，一位研究哮喘和空气污染的专家，被要求对她的死亡进行一份报告，并说在她入院的时间和记录与在她家附近的二氧化氮和PM10s（最有害的污染物）的峰值之间存在着“显著相关”。借此希望政府对空气污染能有所作为。

词汇点拨：

inquest 审讯，讯问;

quash v. 平息；镇压；撤销，宣布无效;

bubbly adj.多泡的，起泡的；活泼的；爱说话的

prioritise v. 给予...优先权，按优先顺序处理

breach v.破坏，违反；攻破

avoidable adj. 能避免的；可作为无效的

attorney n.律师;代理人

certificate n.文凭；执照；证明，证书

contributory adj.贡献的,捐助的;

短语精选

link to 与…有关

asthma attack 哮喘发作

as a result of 由于（…的结果）

be caused by 由……造成

be admitted to phr. 加入，获准做某事

striking association 显著相关

be amended to 为了……被修改

launch a fundraising campaign发起一场筹款运动

参考答案及解析：

1.A【解析】细节题。由文中The attorney general moved on Friday to quash the inquest into the death of Ella Kissi-Debrah at the age of nine, after new evidence linked it to air pollution spikes from traffic near her home in south London. 在新证据表明埃拉·基西·德布拉九岁时的死亡与她伦敦南部家附近的交通造成的空气污染激增有关之后，司法部长周五决定撤销对她死亡的调查。可知选A.

2.D【解析】细节题。After a long fight by her mother, Rosamund Kissi-Debrah, Sir Geoffrey Cox granted her the right to go to the high court for a new inquest. 在母亲罗莎蒙德·基西·德布拉（Rosamund Kissi Debrah）的长期斗争之后，杰弗里·考克斯爵士授予她去高等法院进行新的调查的权利。不要与后一段内容混淆。故选D

3.D【解析】由母亲的话可知，针对的对象是政府部门，文中也说Kissi-Debrah believes the government’s failure to act to reduce air pollution from diesel traffic was a breach of h er daughter’s human rights.基西·德布拉认为，政府未能采取行动减少柴油交通造成的空气污染，是对女儿人权的侵犯。故选D。

4. C【解析】由母亲的话可知，针对的对象是政府部门，文中也说Kissi-Debrah believes the government’s failure to act to reduce air pollution from diesel traffic was a breach of her daughter’s human rights.基西·德布拉认为，政府未能采取行动减少柴油交通造成的空气污染，是对女儿人权的侵犯。但这只是她的主观推断不能成为最后的结果。故选C。

5. C【解析】由最后一段可知，Kissi-Debrah has launched a fundraising campaign to help pay for representation at the high court hearing. Kissi Debrah 发起了一项筹款活动，帮助支付高等法院听证会的代表费。故选C。

译文：

母亲有权对女孩与空气污染的死亡联系进行新的调查。

一位死于与空气污染有关的哮喘发作的女学生的母亲赢得了在高等法院进行新的调查的权利。

在新证据表明埃拉·基西·德布拉九岁时的死亡与她伦敦南部家附近的交通造成的空气污染激增有关之后，司法部长周五决定撤销对她死亡的调查。

在母亲罗莎蒙德·基西·德布拉（Rosamund Kissi Debrah）的长期斗争之后，杰弗里·考克斯爵士授予她去高等法院进行新的调查的权利。

基西·德布拉说：“不能用言语表达我对司法部长做出这一决定感到多么高兴，我要感谢他得出的结论。

“没有什么能让我美丽、明亮、活泼的孩子回来，但现在至少我可以知道她是怎么死的，是空气污染把她从我们身边夺走的。

“现在，我希望一个新的调查将使当权者意识到，我们的孩子正因为呼吸的空气而死亡。不能这样继续下去。

“为什么政府没有更认真地对待这件事？我们需要做什么才能让他们把我们孩子的生活优先于方便以及人们污染的权利？”

埃拉住在距离严重污染的路易西姆南环路25米（82英尺）处。她三年间多次哮喘发作并27次被送往医院就诊最终于2013年2月癫痫发作去世。

去年，一位专家将她的死亡与柴油运输造成的危险的高污染联系起来，柴油运输违反了法律限制。

代表罗莎蒙德·基西·德布拉（Rosamund Kissi Debrah）的霍奇·琼斯和艾伦律师事务所合伙人乔斯林·科伯恩（Jocelyn Cockburn）表示，这一决定是迈向家庭正义的重要一步。

“调查将更好地了解她为什么死亡以及她的死亡是否可以避免。她说：“这将迫使政府和其他机构对他们的行为作出解释，从许多方面来说，他们在这一时期对空气污染不作为。”

“空气污染正在夺去人们的生命，最脆弱的是儿童。我们需要更加紧迫地处理城市的空气污染，使其尽快在合法范围内得到解决。”

基西·德布拉认为，政府未能采取行动减少柴油交通造成的空气污染，是对女儿人权的侵犯。

政府一再未能将二氧化氮污染水平控制在法定范围内。

直到2010年底，埃拉一直非常活跃，身体健康。

但在2010年10月胸部感染后，她在短暂的生命中出现了呼吸系统问题，并在伦敦5家医院接受了严重不稳定哮喘的治疗，在3年的时间内于27家独立医院入院。

2014年，南华克验尸官法院对埃拉的死因进行了调查，得出结论，埃拉的死因是急性呼吸衰竭和严重哮喘。

斯蒂芬·霍尔盖特教授，一位研究哮喘和空气污染的专家，被要求对她的死亡进行一份报告，并说在她入院的时间和记录与在她家附近的二氧化氮和PM10s（最有害的污染物）的峰值之间存在着“显著相关”。

他的报告说，“如果没有非法的空气污染水平，埃拉就不会死”。

霍尔盖特还认为，应修改死亡证明，反映空气污染是她死亡的一个因素。基西·德布拉（KissiDebrah）发起了一场筹款运动，帮助支付在高等法院听证会上的代表费。

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