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名词的语法特点

名词的语法特点
名词的语法特点

名词的语法特点:①表示人称的名词,可以在后头加“们”表示多数②方位词常用在其他名词后头,组成表示处所、范围或时间的方位短语③名词一般不受副词修饰。

动词的语法特点:①动词一般受副词“不”的修饰。②动词后面可以带“着、了、过”,表示动态。③一部分动词可以重叠,表示时间短暂或尝试的意思。④判断词“是”主要是联结句子的主语和宾语。⑤能愿动词后面不能跟名词,能愿动词可以和后面的动词一起作谓语中心语,也可以单独作谓语中心语。⑥趋向动词可以单独作谓语中心语,也可以在谓语中心语后面作补语。

形容词的语法特点:①一部分形容词可以用重叠形式来加强语义。②大多数形容词可以受副词“很”修饰。

数词的语法特点:①数目增加,可以用分数表示,也可以用倍数表示②数目减少,只能用分数,不能用倍数。

量词的语法特点:①量词经常和数词连用,组成数量短语,也称为数量启数量词。②表示物量的数量词常用在名词的前面。③表示动量的数量词数量词常用在动词的后面

代词的语法特点:①第二人称的敬称“您”不用于复数,如果需要表示复数,就用“您几位”“您诸位”②第三人称复数代词“他们”可专指男性,也可兼指男性和女性,“她们”则专指女性③注意“我们”和“咱们”用法的区别。“我们”指说话人,有时也可以包括听话人;“咱们”一定包括说话人和听话人④指示代词“那”用于远指,“这”用于近指⑤代词用得不恰当,指代不明,可造成病句。

副词的语法特点:①副词主要用来修饰、限制动词或形容词,在动词、形容词前面作状语。②副词有时用在形容词后面,补充说明程度、结果,作补语。③副词不能修饰名词、代词。

连词语法特点:①一般连词的前后两部分可以调换而基本意思不变。

②关联词的主要在复句中进行运用。

常用介词及其用法(顺口溜)

自、从、以、当、为、按照,

由于、对于、为了、到

和、跟、把、比、在、关于

除了、同、对、向、往、朝……

用在名词、代词前,组成介宾短语后,修饰、补充“动”“形”要记牢。

(2)、词类的辨别:

①区分名词和非名词,名词前不能加“不”和“很”。②区分形容词和动词,形容词可以用“很”来修饰,动词前不能加“很”(表示心理活动的动词除外)③区分形容词和副词,形容词能修饰名词,前面能加“很”;副词不能修饰名词,前面不能加“很”。④区分连词和介词,前后能互换的是连词,前后不能互换的是介词。⑤区分动词和介词,作谓语中心语的只能是动词,组成介宾短语修饰、补充动词、形容词的是介词。⑥区分语气助词和叹词,语气助词一般用在句尾,叹词往往独立成句,一般在句首。⑦区分介词和副词,介词后面跟名词、代词,副词后面是动词或形容词。

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导学案

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