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南航研究生英语翻译

English for Graduate Studies

Translation Exercises and Sample Answers

Unit1E-C(p.12)

No doubt everyone has to apologise for his life,sooner or later.When we appear at the Last Judgment and the Recording Angel reads out a list of our sins,we will presumably be given an opportunity to apologise,in the old sense of rebuttal,and in the new sense too,by way of confession and plea of repentance.In this life,it is well to apologise(in

the new sense),but promptly,voluntarily,fully and sincerely.If the error is a matter of opinion and un-punishable,so much the better—an apology then becomes a gracious and creditable occasion,and an example to all.An enforced apology is a miserable affair. Besides,there is something distinguished about a ready apology.It is the mark of a gentleman,more particularly if it is not necessary.It is the opposite of revenge.Bacon wrote,‘In seeking revenge,a man is but equal with his enemy,but in forgiving him,he is superior,for it is a princes part to pardon.’So,the person who apologises freely has the moral ball in his court.

毋庸置疑，任何人都要为自己的一生辩护，不管是今生还是来世。当我们出席最后的审判时，记录天使诵读出所罗列的我们的罪孽，我们作了忏悔并请求宽恕，这样大概会被给予辩白(这个词的老义)和表示歉意(它的新义)的机会。在今生中，道歉(新义)是桩对的事，但是要做到及时、要心甘情愿、要完完全全、要诚心诚意。如果过错是看法上的事，并且错不当罚，那最好不过——说一声“对不起”就成了一个显示大度的机会，可赞可叹，众人之楷模也。而被迫去道歉，那可就难受了。此外，随时准备好一句道歉的话，是一种高尚行为，特别是在没有必要道歉时而道歉，更显示出一个绅士的特质。道歉与报复相对。培根有云:“夫图报复焉，汝与汝仇等：苟汝恕之，则汝优於汝仇焉；盖宽恕也，王者之风也。”由是，谁把“对不起”常挂在嘴边，谁就在道义上掌握了主动。

Unit1C-E(p.12)

有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。人际关系就是一种善于听取别人意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。碰到错误，他们首先想到自己，拒不承认自己有错，或情绪低落或大发雷霆，成为有刺的人，难以相处。

Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in your career.Interpersonal skills are the ability to wisely take other’s advice,to be sensitive toward others’needs and to take criticism well.People with good interpersonal skills are willing to admit their mistakes and to take their share of blame,which shows a mature and responsible manner to handle mistakes.This explains why many mediocre employees can survive violent corporate upheavals while those more able employees are laid off.Being good at dealing with all relationships,they are well liked everywhere. In contrast,people with poor interpersonal skills usually cannot take criticism well.In face of mistakes,they let their ego get in the way and deny responsibility.Or they show their bad mood or anger,thus becoming irritable and impossible to get along with.

Unit3E-C(p.36)

The plane arcs softly into its final descent at Hong Kong International Airport.Below, Victoria Harbor,and the silent rhythms of countless ships.Beyond,sloping mountains fence in a breathtaking city view that seems to stretch forever.This is no ordinary airport. This is no ordinary city.An elderly man passes by wearing pajamas,bearing a brightly feathered bird singing merrily in its cage.Professionals gather at a roadside kitchen for noodles,congee and shrimp.Incense from a tiny Taoist temple drifts into the pounding beat of rock music pouring out of a discotheque.A ferry travels on the nearby water regularly,taking passengers to an isolated island40minutes away,where Buddhist temples and tiny fishing villages dot the landscape.Hong Kong.Here,161km south of the Tropic of Cancer,beats the pulse of Southeast Asia’s heart.Where East greets West, and past colors present.

飞机划着柔和的弧线最终降落到香港国际机场。俯瞰，维多利亚港，无数的船只演奏着无声的旋律。眺望，依山而立令人叹为观止的城市风景一望无际。这不是一个普通的机场。这也不是一座普通的城市。一位穿着睡衣的老人从旁边走过，手上提着一个鸟笼，一只颜色鲜艳的鸟儿在里面欢快地歌唱。上班一族聚在路边的餐馆里吃面条，喝粥，吃小虾。一个小道观里飘出来的檀香混杂着从迪斯科厅里流出的摇滚乐有力的节奏，浑然一体。一只渡船穿梭在附近的水面上，把乘客们带到离此处40分钟里程的一座孤岛上，岛上，寺庙和渔村交相辉映。香港，在北回归线以南161公里处，如同东南亚的心脏时刻搏动；这里东西交融，时光汇聚。

Unit3C-E(p.36)

上海的字面意思是“位于海之上”。它位于长江流入大海之前最后一条支流的黄埔江畔。城市的主要部分横跨黄浦江两岸，市中心离东海岸仅15公里。1842年，一艘英国军舰潜入长江口，攻占了吴淞炮台，不发一弹就占领了上海。从那以后，上海作为国际性城市就出现在世界舞台上。英国人首先在黄浦江西岸的泥地上盖起简易的仓库，运转货物。随后美国，德国，法国，俄国和日本的商人也来了。他们都贪图同中国人通商，以夺取中国的金银财富。于是，工厂，商店，银行，夜总会，跑马场，赌场大量出现了。在不到一百年的时间里，上海就变成了外国人在中国进行冒险，寻求浪漫生活的地方。

The literal meaning of Shanghai is“above the sea”.Shanghai is located at the Huangpu River,the lowest tributary at the mouth of the Yangtze.The main city lies astride the Huangpu,only fifteen kilometers to the east coast.In1842,a British ship slipped unnoticed into the mouth of the Yangtze River,occupying the Wusong Fort and taking over the city without a fight.After this event,Shanghai emerged as a cosmopolitan city in the world.On the muddy west bank of the Huangpu,the English first built sheds for their goods.Thereafter came other traders:Americans,Germans,French,Russians and Japanese.All of them were avid for Chinese trade and Chinese gold.Consequently,a large number of factories,shops,banks,night clubs,race-courses and casinos appeared.In less than a hundred years,Shanghai became the place for foreigners to seek adventure and romance in China.

Unit5E-C(p.65)

Every successful business is built on superior senses—of timing,opportunity, responsibility,and,not infrequently,humor.None,however,is more critical than the ability to sense the market.A senior executive’s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies,product and service offerings,communications programs,indeed,all elements of a company’s strategic posture.Bill Gates,Akio Morita,Sam Walton,and others brought this ability to the enterprises they founded.Without it,their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful.

Paying attention to the customer is certainly not a new idea.But many top-level managers,particularly those at industrial companies,consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff.And even if they do believe that market focus is a priority,most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow, relying instead on subordinates’reports—second-or third-hand information—to define and sense the market for them.

每一个成功的工商企业都是建立在一些卓越的意识之上的，即懂得审时度势，抓住机遇，承担责任，并不乏幽默感。但这一切都没有比对市场的感知能力更重要。高级管理人员的一个非常重要的本事是能很自然地设身处地为客户着想，并从他们的那里获得真知灼见。他们利用这种能力来指导技术、产品和服务、公关，实际上包括了公司战略计划的方方面面。比尔·盖茨、盛田昭夫、山姆?沃尔顿等等人士就曾把这种本事带进他们各自创立的企业中。没有这种能力，他们的事业或许只是昙花一现，至少没有像今天这样成功。

关注客户，并不是什么新鲜理念。但是许多高层经理，特别是工业公司的高层经理，把与顾客接触看成是销售和市场营销人员的事。即便他们确实也认为市场是公司的重心，但随着公司的发展，他们中大多数人也只与消费者保持十分有限的接触而已。他们判断和把握市场，依赖于下属送来的报告，即二手、三手的材料。

Unit5C-E(p.66)

企业文化是一种观念形态，它以企业的价值体系为基础，与企业的管理理念和管理行为紧密相连，是企业管理的核心所在。从狭义上来说，它指的是企业在生产经营的实践中形成的一种基本精神和凝聚力，以及全体员工共有的价值观念和行为准则。从广义来说，企业文化还包括企业人员的文化，即企业领导人员的文化心理、文化素养以及员工的文化行为。作为一个经济实体，企业的任务十分明确，即生产更多更好的产品，为社会创造财富。企业所从事的是一种经济活动，同时企业也是一个组织，是一个由多种人聚集而成的集体，而人是一种社会动物，需要一种文化来加以规范和调节他们的行为。我们不能把企业生产看成是纯粹的机器运转和物质变化，而应该看作是一种社会性活动，看作是一种具有社会性的人所从事的活动，这是我们了解和认识企业文化的出发点。

Corporate culture is a form of ideology.It finds its basis in the value system of a corporate and is closely related to the corporate management philosophy and management behaviors.Corporate culture is the core of corporate management.In the narrow sense,it reflects the unifying spirit and force that is formed during corporate operation,as well as the values and behavioral norms shared by the whole staff.In the broad sense,corporate culture also includes the culture of specific personnel in the enterprise,namely,executives’cultural mentality and cultural understandings as well as staff members’cultural behaviors.As an economic entity,the mission of an enterprise is obvious,that is,to produce more and better products and to create wealth for the society. What enterprises engage in is a type of economic activity.At the same time,an enterprise is also an organization,made up of many different kinds of people.Since people are social animals,they need culture to regulate and monitor their behaviors.We should not simply regard corporate functioning as pure mechanical operation or material change.We should however see it as a kind of social activity,an activity engaged in by social beings.This is the starting point for us to get to know and understand corporate culture.

Unit8E-C(p.105)

The first time I met him I was impressed by the far-away look in his eyes.They were such sad eyes,eyes that made you think of old sorrows,old dreams,old mysteries of life. They were certainly the windows of his soul.We were soon on familiar terms and I noticed a quick response to a kindly spoken word,a manner that expressed keen interest in any small attention.Our mere acquaintance developed early into a warm friendship and we had numerous walks together.His was ever a silent friendship and only by his manner were you sure he was enjoying the beauty and freedom of the country roads,the lush meadows,the cooling waters of the brooks we met.I used to enjoy watching his enjoyment,his feeling of companionship,his sense of being in friendly company,and I found myself responding to his moods and cheerful abandonment to the joy of the present moment.

我初次看到他时，就被其深邃的目光打动。那是一双忧郁的眼睛，给人一种生命久远的悲伤、久远的梦幻和神秘。这双眼睛，是真正的心灵之窗。很快，我们就相熟起来；即便是轻声细语，也能在瞬间触动他。他对周围任何一个细节都有浓厚的兴趣。不久，我们从萍水相逢路人变成好朋友，经常在一起散步，温暖着对方。他不说话，唯有通过他的一举一动，你才能发现他沉浸于乡间漫步的美妙和自由，葱郁的草地和凉爽的溪水让他格外兴奋。看到他高兴的样子，看到他沉醉于友情，看到他因为有人陪伴而开心不已，我发现自己也被他的情绪感染，抛开现在的一切，拥抱此刻的欢乐。

Unit8C-E(p.106)

我们的一生中，交换无时无刻无处不在。五岁时，交换的是孩子手中不同口味的棒棒糖。“我的棒棒糖是葡萄味的，你的呢？”

“草莓味。不过我好想尝尝葡萄味的棒棒糖。”

“那好吧。我跟你换。”

五岁的孩子有五岁的天真。交换了棒棒糖，交换的不仅仅是葡萄、草莓的不同口味，交换的更是孩童时那一份纯真的友情。

二十五岁时，交换是情侣手中相同款式的戒指。

“你愿意娶她为你的合法妻子，无论疾病、贫穷、灾难都不离不弃吗？”

“我愿意。”

“你愿意嫁他为你的合法丈夫，无论疾病、贫穷、灾难都不离不弃吗？”

“我愿意。”

二十五岁的人已有了二十五岁的责任。交换了戒指，交换的不仅仅是一份真挚不渝的感情，交换的更是一份相守相伴，共度一生的信念和责任。

Give-and-take takes place all the time in the whole course of our lives.Five-year-old children exchange lollipops of different flavors.

“Mine has grape flavor.What about yours?”

“Strawberry.I like to have a taste of a grape-flavored lollipop.”

“Ok,let’s exchange.”

That’s what innocent children of five do.What they give each other is not just lollipop of grape-flavor or strawberry-flavor,but also the kind of friendship characteristic of childhood.

At25,it is the marriage rings of the same style that are exchanged.

“Do you like to take her as your legally-wedded wife and to have and hold from this day forward,in sickness and in health,for richer for poorer,for better for worse?”

“Yes,I do.”

“Do you like to take him as your legally-wedded husband and to have and hold…?”“Yes,I do.”

People of twenty-five start to shoulder responsibilities at this age.What they exchange the ring is not just the most heart-felt,enduring love,but also the conviction and commitment to spend their lives together unto their very end.

Unit9(E-C,pp.117-118)

The word“highway”is a misleading name of this phenomenon.This“highway”is more a social and commercial environment,than a static network.The“highway”is composed of a network,and computing resources,but more importantly,the“highway”defines a new environment for people,and organizations to interact and communicate with each other.It is for these reasons that the building of such a“highway”must be done as a cooperative task force,rather than the more traditional service provider/user model that has been used in the past.Based on these concepts the information highway can be defined as:“A location-independent user environment,that uses high speed networking and computing for multimedia communications.”This virtual environment allows users, for the first time,to communicate with each other in a near natural way,through the simultaneous use of voice,video and image and data.The environment is created through the merging of three rapidly evolving technologies.These are:transmission, switching,and compression.

“高速公路”这个词是这种现象的一个误导名称。这条“高速公路”与其说是一个静态的网络，不如说是一个社会和商业的环境。该“高速公路”由网络和计算机资源组成，但更重要的是，它定义了一个人与人、组织与组织之间相互作用和联系的新环境。正是由于这些原因，建立这种“高速公路”需要协同合作的力量，而不是过去传统的那种服务提供商／用户模式。基于这些概念，信息高速公路可以定义为：“一种不受地理位置制约的用户环境，它使用高速网络和计算机进行多媒体通讯”。这种虚拟环境使得用户第一次可以通过同时使用语音、视频、图象和数据，以近乎真实的方式相互交流。这种环境综合了三种快速发展的技术而建立。它们是：传输，交换和压缩。

Unit9(E-C,pp.118)

国际互联网最初是为美国国防部建立的一个实验性网络，现在涵盖了世界范围内的2000多万台计算机，估计每年还要增加50万台。它提供电子邮件、数以千计的简报式新闻以及各种数据库服务。你可以用电子邮件把问候语与电视图像、声音、数据等压缩在一起。更重要的是，它通过大信息量的数据交换促进人们之间的合作。人们已经进行了在互联网现场传输声音和图像的实验。互联网的庞大的规模使它有望成为信息高速公路的主干线。但为了支持越来越多的用户和多媒体应用，必须增加频带宽度，这是信息高速公路的核心技术问题。

The Internet was originally established as an experimental network for the U.S.Defense Department,and it is now connected to more than20million computers worldwide,with an estimated increase of500,000computers yearly.The Internet offers electronic mails, thousands of bulletin board-type news-groups and a variety of database services.The electronic mail allows you to encapsulate your greetings with video images and sound as well as data.More importantly,it enhances collaboration among people through an information-rich exchange of data.Experiments on transmitting live audios and videos over the Internet have also been conducted.The sheer size of the Internet makes it a candidate for the backbone of the Information Superhighway.But in order to support the growing number of users and multimedia applications,the available bandwidth will have to increase,which is a core technical issue of the Information Superhighway.

Unit12E-C(pp.156-157)

Either in music or in fiction the most basic thing is rhythm.Your style needs to have good, natural,steady rhythm,or people won’t keep reading your work.I learned the importance of rhythm from music―and mainly from jazz.Next comes melody that,in literature, means the appropriate arrangement of the words to match the rhythm.If the way the words fit the rhythm is smooth and beautiful,you can’t ask for anything more.Next is harmony―the internal mental sounds that support the words.Then comes the part I

like best:free improvisation.Through some special channel,the story comes welling out freely from inside.All I have to do is to get into the flow.Finally comes what may be the most important thing:that high you experience upon completing a work―upon ending your“performance”―and feeling you have succeeded in reaching a place that is new and meaningful.And if all goes well,you get to share that sense of elevation with your readers(your audience).That is a marvelous culmination that can be achieved in no other way.

无论是音乐还是小说，最基本的元素是韵律。你的风格需要有良好、自然且稳步的韵律，否则人们将不会坚持读你的作品。我个人是从音乐，主要是爵士乐那里，习得到韵律的重要性的。下一个基本元素是旋律。在文学中，旋律指的是文字上的巧妙安排以达到与韵律的和谐。如果文字能够顺畅、优美地切入到韵律中，那就最好不过了。接下来的元素是和声，它指的是这些文字代表的人内心处的声音。之后的元素是我最喜欢的：自由即兴创作。通过某个特别的通道，故事就从内心深处自由地喷涌出来了。我唯一要做的就是让自己自由创作起来。最后的、也可能是最重要的元素则是在你完成一部作品、结束你的表演时所感受到的轻飘飘的感觉，那一刻你好似成功地到达了一个意义非凡的新境界。一切顺利的话，你的读者、观众将能和你一起步入那个梦境。这将是任何作品最美好的终结。

Unit12C-E(p.157)

对我而言，生活的转折点是放弃更有前途的商业而专攻音乐。父母虽然同情我，也像我一样热爱音乐，却反对我以音乐为职业。考虑到我的家庭情况，他们的这种态度是完全可以理解的。我祖父在莫比尔的斯普林希尔学院教授音乐达40年之久，深受学院师生的热爱和敬重，他的工资却几乎不够维持一大家人的生活。父亲常说若不是祖母精明能干，克勤克俭，一家人非挨饿不可。所以在我们家，只要一提起音乐这个行当，大家就会想起那收入微薄、朝不保夕的苦日子。父母坚持要我上大学，不准我进音乐学院，我也就上了大学。我记得自己当时还挺高兴，因为虽然我热爱小提琴，大部分课余时间都花在练琴上，但我还有许多其他的爱好。不等我从哥伦比亚大学毕业，家庭经济严重恶化，我感到自己有责任退学找工作，就这样我投身于商界——事后我每次想起这段经历都觉得是虚度了年华。

The turning point of my life was giving up a promising business career and taking up music as my profession.Although my parents were sympathetic and also loved music, they were against my career change.In view of my family background,their position was totally understandable.My grandfather worked as a music teacher for forty years at Springhill College in Mobile.Although he was well liked and respected by his colleagues and students,what he earned from his job was barely enough to support his big family. My father often said if it had not been because of my grandmother’s cleverness and thriftiness,the whole family would have starved.Therefore,in my family,when someone mentions music as a profession,everyone would think of those hard times with low earnings and barely enough food.Earlier,my parents insisted that I attend college,but not a music conservatory,and I followed their will.I remember being very happy at that time,since besides following my love and playing the violin in most of my spare time,I also took up many other new hobbies.However,not until I was able to graduate from Columbia University,my family’s financial situation significantly deteriorated,and I felt the obligation to quit school and to take a job.That is how I ended up in the business world.Now every time I think about this experience,I feel it was a big waste of time.

2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析

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4. setting 5. discouraged 6. credit 7. cite 8. demonstrate 9. teamwork 10. rules Translation Practice Paragraph One “一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行。这意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行。”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一，就是要更快到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” Paragraph Two 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Unit Two Arts of the Table Reading Focus Culinary Delights in China

英语研究生专业分类

与其他不少考研热门专业一样，英语专业研究生招生的研究方向设置非常细，不同学校的方向设置类别不一，名称也各异。比如上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业下设有语言方向、文学方向、教学法方向、翻译学方向、口译学方向、英语国家文化方向、跨文化交际方向7个方向。而同样是外语类专业院校，北京外国语大学该专业设置的研究方向明显不同，广东外语外贸大学该专业设置的8个研究方向更与前两所学校无一相同。在这种情况下，不少备考英语专业的同学对“如何选择研究方向”这样的问题一头雾水，也就不足为怪了。就英语专业考研而言，外国语言文学下设置的二级学科很多，包括英语语言文学、俄语语言文学、法语语言文学、德语语言文学、日语语言文学、印度语言文学、阿拉伯语语言文学、欧洲语言文学、亚非语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学11个学科。其中，涉及英语专业的二级学科主要有3个：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学。一般院校的英语专业多设置英语语言文学和外国语言学及应用语言学两个专业，所以，英语专业考研的专业设置其实比较简单，一般就是两大专业。不过，这两个专业被不同学校细化研究方向以后，就变得复杂了。如前面说到的上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业下设有7个方向，这7个方向进一步细分，小的研究方向达37个之多。英语专业的研究方向虽名目众多，却也并非杂乱无章，其设置仍是遵循一定规律的。粗略分析，这些研究方向可分为传统研究方向和新兴研究方向两大类。传统研究方向传统研究方向，顾名思义，指的是设置多年的老牌研究方向，这些研究方向一般学校都有开设。 1. 文学方向开设学校：全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校。据2007年的招生统计，仅有17所招收英语专业研究生的学校没有开设文学方向。研究内容：主要研究英美文学研究领域中的重大问题，目的在于提高文学素养、理论水平和研究能力。就业方向：此方向开设学校多，招生人数较多，就业范围非常广泛，一般为教师、研究人员。所学课程：西方文论、美国经典文学、美国现当代文学、英国经典文学、文学批评、英国文学选读、美国文学选读、17～19世纪英国文学研究、希腊戏剧研究、英国长篇小说选读、美国长篇小说选读、英国诗歌选读、美国诗歌选读、英美散文鉴赏、王尔德戏剧欣赏、英国短篇小说欣赏、美国短篇小说鉴赏、英美戏剧鉴赏、中国文学史、中国古典文学选读等。 2. 语言学开设学校：全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校。据2007年的招生统计，仅有9所招收英语专业研究生的学校没有开设语言学方向。研究内容：语言学是我国高校近年来普遍设置的一个综合性的语言研究学科。主要学习语言学理论及语言在各种学科中的应用，不同学校侧重点有所不同。通过大量阅读有关文献、论文和最新的研究成果报告，使学生对于语言学的形成和发展有进一步的了解，并了解现代语言学的最新动向和最新发展。语言学特别强调和重视研究生的广泛阅读，包括专业的外语期刊和近几年的语言学相关论文。就业方向：该专业理论性较强，主要面向大中专教师及研究人员。所学课程：语言学概论、语用学与话语分析、应用语言学、现代语法学、语义学、语用学、英语语体学与文体学、语篇分析等。 3. 英美文化研究开设学校：南京大学、上海外国语大学、天津师范大学等。

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课后部分翻译答案 (1)1

第一单元 “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move q uickly, but you have to know how t o decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. 第四单元很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，或缺乏关爱的家庭)长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons thatpeople's early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. 一开始让人相互吸引的是什么?许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现，是文化标准和价值观而非命运，将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。 What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearanc e. 第五单元做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同，一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常，而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果，随着动作越来越熟练，你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量，改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果，但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习，这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。 Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a person?s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. 第七单元人性的恒定性是众所周知的，因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝