英语流利阅读 2019澳洲火灾

2020,2,2流利阅读世界自然

今日导读

自2019 年9 月至今，澳大利亚的森林大火已经足足烧了4 个多月。数千万亩土地化作焦土，数亿只动物在大火中丧生，野火的浓雾甚至飘到了南美洲。据估计，澳洲的气温将在接下来两个月内达到峰值，这意味着火情还将再度恶化。澳洲大火已造成了何等程度的人员伤亡？面对新一轮的山火威胁，澳大利亚当局又将如何应对？

正文：Australians urged to "leave early" in face of new bushfire threat

Australian officials issued fresh evacuation warnings Wednesday ahead of a forecast spike in the intensity of out-of-control bushfires that have devastated vast swathes of countryside and sent smoke clouds as far away as Brazil.

Residents of Victoria state’s fire-ravaged east were urged to leave before another heatwave raises the bushfire danger Friday, while in South Australia state authorities began relocating people from a small community on Kangaroo Island.

"Leave, and leave early," Victoria police minister Lisa Neville urged those in the danger zone. "Everything we've done in terms of ... issuing warnings has been about saving lives, and today I'm asking people to continue to heed the messages that we are giving."

The catastrophic bushfires have been fueled by a crippling drought that has turned forests to tinder and exacerbated by climate change, which scientists say is increasing the length and intensity of Australia's fire season.

Authorities on Wednesday confirmed that a fourth firefighter had died while battling the blazes, bringing the overall death toll to 26people.

More than 2,000 homes have been destroyed since the crisis began in September and some eight million hectares (80,000square kilometers) has been burned, an area the size of Ireland or South Carolina.

University of Sydney scientists estimate one billion animals have been killed in the fires. The figure includes mammals, birds and reptiles, but not frogs, insects or invertebrates.

Smoke from the fires has been spotted more than 12,000kilometres (7,400 miles) away in Brazil and Argentina, weather authorities in the South American countries said.

全文翻译：Australians urged to "leave early" in face of new bushfire threat

面对新一轮林火威胁，澳大利亚民众被敦促“早点撤离”

周三，澳大利亚官方发布了最新的疏散预警，据估计，接下来失控的火势会更加凶猛。这场森林大火已经摧毁了大片农村地区，产生的浓烟云团甚至蔓延到了巴西。

预计周五会有另一场热浪使林火变得更加危险，维多利亚州受火灾重创的东部地区居民被敦促在此之前撤离。同时，南澳大利亚州当局开始重新安置袋鼠岛上一个小社区的居民。

维多利亚州的警察部长丽萨·内维尔敦促危险地区的民众：“请撤离，请早点撤离。”

“我们所做的一切......在发布警告方面（做的一切），都是为了拯救生命，今天我还是请求人们继续留意我们发布的信息。”

严重的旱灾和气候变化加剧了这一系列灾难性森林大火的火势——旱灾使森林变得易燃，而科学家认为，气候变化使得澳大利亚山火季的持续时间变长，火势变得更加凶猛。

当局在周三证实，已出现第4 名在火灾救援中牺牲的消防队员，这使得遇难总人数增至26 人。

自九月份这场危机发生以后，已有2000 多间房屋被摧毁，还有约800 万公顷（80000 平

方公里）的土地被烧毁，这一土地面积相当于整个爱尔兰或者美国的南卡罗来纳州。

悉尼大学的科学家估计，已经有10 亿只动物在这场大火中丧生。这一数字包括哺乳动物、鸟类以及爬行动物，但不包括蛙类、昆虫或者无脊椎动物。

南美国家（巴西和阿根廷）的气象部门称，他们发现这场大火产生的烟雾已经蔓延到了超过12000 公里（7400 英里）外的巴西和阿根廷。

重点词汇

Evacuation /??v?k.ju?e?.??n/ n. 撤离，撤退

文化补充：The Dunkirk Evacuation（敦刻尔克大撤退）

Spike /spa?k/ n. 激增，急剧上升a sudden large increase in sth.

搭配短语：a spike in oil prices /a spike in interest rates

Devastate /?dev.?.ste?t/v. 摧毁，毁灭近义词：destroy（v. 摧毁）

英文释义：to destroy completely

词义拓展：devastate（v. 让...极为震惊、伤心)

例句：Romeo was devastated by the news of Juliet's death.

Swathe /swe?e/ n. 一大片长条区域

英文释义：a long thin area of something, especially land.

例句：A swathe of sunlight lay across the floor.

fire-ravaged /?fa?r?r?v.?d?d/adj. 受火灾重创的

搭配短语：a flood-ravaged city /a tornado-ravaged town/a quake-ravaged country

Relocate /?ri??lo?.ke?t/v. 搬迁，重新安置

例句：The police are trying to locate the suspect.

例句：My company relocated me to Shanghai.

Heed /hi?d/ v. 注意，留心近义词：pay attention to

例句：She should have heeded my warnings.

词性拓展：heed（n. 注意）搭配短语：pay heed to sth., take heed of sth.

Catastrophic /?k?t?.??strɑ?.f?k/adj. 灾难性的

相关词汇：catastrophe（n. 大灾难）

搭配短语：an environmental catastrophe

Crippling /?kr?p.?l??/adj. 有严重危害的

相关词汇：cripple（v. 使某人变跛，使某人伤残；严重损害机器）

搭配短语：have a crippling effect on sth.

例句：The fires have a crippling effect on Australian people's lives.

Tinder /?t?n.d?/n. 火种；引火物

Exacerbate /?ɡ?z?s.?.be?t/v. 使...恶化，使...加剧近义词：fuel

例句：The unsettled weather exacerbates her situation.

Blaze /ble?z/n. 大火，火灾相关词汇：fight/tackle the blazes

death toll 死亡人数相关词汇：toll（n. 伤亡人数）

invertebrate /?n?v??.t??.br?t/n. 无脊椎动物

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2019年高考英语卷I 阅读理解翻译 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

A 今年夏天你要找工作吗？ 省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生找到暑期工作。申请截止日期以及你需要申请的东西都取决于该项目。 你不是学生？那你可以访问政府网站，了解一些可以全年帮助30岁以下的人培养技能、找工作或进行创业的项目和在线工具。 青年岗位 如果你是生活在本省内某些地区的一名青少年，你就有资格参加这一项目，该项目提供了八个星期的带薪就业与培训。 申请资格：青年，年龄为15至18岁，且生活在特定社区内。 夏日公司 夏日公司项目为学生提供了实际业务培训，且奖励高达3 000美元，从而帮助他们创立并经营自己的公司。 申请资格：学生，年龄为15至29岁，且于秋季返校。 园林青年管理员项目 今年夏天，你可以申请成为一名园林青年管理员，为当地的自然资源管理项目进行为期八周的工作。 申请资格：学生，雇用期间年龄为16岁或17岁，但在今年12月31日前不得年满18岁。 夏季就业机会 通过夏季就业机会项目，每年夏天都有学生们就职于省级公共服务、相关机构及社会团体的各种岗位。 申请资格：学生，年龄在15岁以上。对于身患残疾的学生，有些职位要求年龄须在15至24岁，最多29岁。 B 对于地处纽约帕乔格的迦南小学的二年级学生而言，今天是演讲日，现在轮到克里斯·帕莱兹了。这个八岁的孩子是班上最会开玩笑的人。他有一双闪亮的黑眼睛，使他看起来就像那种喜欢在公众场合演讲的孩子。 但是他很紧张。“今天我想讲一讲，你们为什么应该……应该……”克里斯在“-ld”的发音上变得磕绊起来，这对许多非英语母语人士都是一个发音难题。他的老师托马斯·沃利站在他旁边，悄声给予支持：“……为我……投票……”除了一些磕磕绊绊之外，克里斯表现得出奇地好。当他对演讲作了漂亮的收尾时，沃利邀请全班同学对他表示称赞。 作为移民的儿子，克里斯从三年前开始一点点学习英语。沃利回想起在今年年初时，每当要求克里斯阅读的时候，他都会借口去洗手间。 把英语作为第二语言来学习可以说是一种痛苦的经历。而你需要的是一位肯让你犯错的好老师。“对于任何学生来说，”沃利解释道，“尤其是对于把英语作为自己的一门新语言去学习的学生来说，能够十分自信地说出‘我不知道，但是我想知道’是需要很大勇气的。” 有一天，沃利问孩子们，如果谁认为自己永远都当不了总统，请举手。那时沃利就萌生了举办二年级总统竞选这一项目的想法。当时孩子们的答案让他感到心碎。沃利表示这个项目不仅仅是为了让孩子学会在公共场合朗读和说话。他更希望这些孩子学会夸耀自己。