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奥赛动物学真题word版

奥赛动物学真题word版
奥赛动物学真题word版

奥赛动物学真题

一、单项选择

1.蛙的通气与小鼠不同的是:

A.蛙主要通过皮肤通气 B.蛙采用正压通气C蛙气囊发达D.蛙肺泡直径小

2.对于一块骨来说,其传导声波的特点之一是:

A.对方向性敏感 B.低频感应强 C.效率较高 D.随年龄增大传音功能下降

3.对于河蚌来说,下列哪一种答案与其生活方式关系最密切?

A.肛门开口在出水管附近B.肠管穿过心脏.C有血窦存在

D.由于外套膜和鳃上纤毛的摆动而使水流在外套腔中流动

4.下列动物中,小肠相对最长且最弯曲的是:

A.野猪 B.家兔 C山羊 D.野马

5.将4只雄蚕蛾分别作如下处理后,观察其对雌蚕蛾的反应,最迟钝的应是:

A剪去触角者 B.遮盖单眼者 C.遮盖复眼者 D.封闭口器者

6.节肢动物是开管式循环,以下关于其血腔的描述中,正确的是:

A. 充满血液的初生体腔 B.充满血液的组织间隙

C.充满血液的围心腔 D.充满血液的初生体腔与次生体腔相混合的腔

7.下列结构中,哪项不是由内胚层发育来的:

A.肠上皮 B.口腔粘膜 C.肝脏 D.肺泡

8.在我国民间有“大灾之后有大疫”的说法,指在洪涝灾害之后往往会有大面积的传染病发生,你认为下列的解释中最正确的是:

A. 洪涝灾害后,因为有大面积积水,人们经常赤足下地,可能被血吸虫幼虫感染

B.洪涝灾害后,由于地面多沼泽,为寄生虫寄主的大量繁殖提供了很好的条件

C.洪水可以把原来分布于某处的寄生虫或其寄主扩散到更大面积

D. 洪水过后,人们的抵抗力降低,变成易感人群

9.下列症状哪项不可能是由蛔虫引起的:

A.营养不良 B.肠道阻塞 C.肺穿孔 D.橡皮肿

10.在支撑脊椎动物身体的中轴骨骼中,哪种动物还能找到残存脊索的结构:

A.鲟 B.青蛙 C.蛇 D.鸡

11.大脑的新脑皮是脊椎动物神经系统发展到高级阶段出现的,它是从下列哪类动物开始出现的:

A.两栖纲 B.爬行纲 C鸟纲 D.哺乳纲

解析:B 鱼类出现原脑皮,两栖类出现古脑皮,爬行类开始出现新脑皮。

12.牙齿在脊椎动物中是普遍存在的,哺乳动物发展到了高级阶段,它们的牙齿属于:

A.同型齿 B.异型齿 C.多出齿 D.侧生齿

13.不少食草兽类与其食性和取食行为相适应,消化系统出现了复胃,牛羊具有4室,哪部分属真正的胃:A.瘤胃 B.网胃 C.瓣胃 D.皱胃

14.动物头部的骨骼是靠枕骨髁与颈椎相联接的,人类具有2个枕髁,哪类动物与人类一样具2个枕髁:A.鱼类 B.两栖类 C.爬行类 D.鸟类

解析:B 鱼类无枕髁,两栖类和人为双枕髁;爬行类和鸟类为单枕髁。

15.下列哪一类无脊椎动物具有最复杂的体表结构?

A.节肢动物 B.海绵动物 C.原生动物 D.刺胞动物

16.尿酸是以下哪些动物的主要排泄物

A.哺乳类、鸟类、甲壳类B.爬行类、昆虫、哺乳类C.鸟类、寡毛类、昆虫 D.爬行类、昆虫、鸟类17.牛的食物何处进行初步消化后逆呕到口腔中重新咀嚼

A.瘤胃和网胃内B.瘤胃和皱胃内 c.瓣胃和网胃内 D.瓣胃和皱胃内

18.下面关于不同胚层分化形成器官的描述中错误的是:

A.外胚层形成了中枢神经系统 B.消化道上皮由外胚层和内胚层参与形成的

C.中胚层形成了肝脏 D.中胚层形成了肌腱和韧带

19.关于蚯蚓贮精囊和纳精囊的叙述,错误的是

A.贮精囊是自体精子贮精和发育的器官,纳精囊主要接受异体精子

B.纳精囊是自体精子贮精和发育的器官,贮精囊主要接受异体精子

C.贮精囊和纳精囊是贮存精子的不同器官的名称 D.每条环毛蚓都同时具有这二种器官

20.变态类型是昆虫分类的依据之一,若虫是下列哪类变态类型的幼虫:

A.无变态 B.渐变态 C.半变态 D.完全变态

21.棉红蜘蛛是我国重要的农业害虫之一,关于棉红蜘蛛,以下说法正确的是:

A.棉红蜘蛛实际上不是蜘蛛.它是一些蛾子的幼虫

B.棉红蜘蛛实际上不是蜘蛛.在分类阶元上属蛛形纲螨蜱目,它与蝎子的关系较与蜈蚣的关系近

C.棉红蜘蛛身体前端的头部主要由附肢组成.只有眼而无脑.称之为“假头”

D.棉红蜘蛛也常常吸食一些鸟类或哺乳动物的血液。

22.动物原始分节现象(同律分节)发生在

A .节肢动物

B .环节动物

C .软体动物 D.线虫动物 E .原生动物

23.入海的河口生态系统中发现一种草履虫,其伸缩泡在原生活环境中每分钟约收缩20次。这种草履虫在淡水中也可以存活一段时间。请根据所学知识推断该草履虫在淡水中伸缩泡每分钟收缩的次数?

A 大于20次,因为草履虫处在更高渗透压的环境中

B 大于20次,因为草履虫处在更低渗透压的环境中C小于 20 次,因为草履虫处在更低渗透压的环境中D小于20 次,因为草履虫处在更高渗透压的环境中24.胎盘是由母体子宫内膜与胎儿的下列哪部分结合而成

A .绒毛膜

B .尿囊

C .绒毛膜与尿囊 D.羊膜

25.在分类系统中,有下列单位① family ② phylum ③ Species ④ genus 按从高到低的层次排列

A ④①②③

B ②①④③

C ①②③④

D ②①①④

26 .海洋中生活的环节动物在发育过程中多有一个幼虫期,称为

A .担轮幼虫

B .两囊幼虫

C .羽腕幼虫

D .浮浪幼虫

解析:海生环节动物的幼虫是担轮幼虫,海绵的幼虫是两囊幼虫,海盘车的幼虫是羽腕幼虫,腔肠动物的幼虫是浮浪幼虫,扁形动物的幼虫是牟勒氏幼虫。

27.节肢动物的下列各纲中同时含有 2 套呼吸器官和排泄器官的是

A 蛛形纲

B 甲壳纲

C 多足纲 D昆虫纲

解析:蛛形纲的呼吸器官是一对书肺、一对气管,排泄器官是基节腺和马氏管;甲壳纲的呼

吸器官是鳃,排泄器官是触角腺;多足纲和昆虫纲的呼吸器官是气管,排泄器官是马氏管

28.通过消化道小肠吸收的营养,输送到肝脏的血管是

A.肝静脉 B.肝动脉 C.肝门静脉 D.肾门静脉

29.鸟类呼吸时新鲜空气通过肺部的方向是

A.吸气时新鲜空气从头方到尾方穿过肺,呼气时是从尾方到头方穿过肺

B.吸气和呼气时新鲜空气均从头方到尾方穿过肺

C.吸气和呼气时新鲜空气均从尾方到头方穿过肺

D.吸气时新鲜空气从头方到尾方穿过肺,呼气时是从尾方到头方不通过肺

30.鸟类的颈椎属于

A.双凹型椎体 B.前凹型椎体 C.后凹型椎体 D.异凹型椎体

31.腔肠动物出现了组织和胚层的分化,以下各组结构中,水螅所具有的一组结构是

A.皮肌细胞、神经细胞、腺细胞、骨针 B.皮肌细胞、神经细胞、间细胞、刺细胞

C.肌细胞、腺细胞、间细胞、骨针 D.肌细胞、腺细胞、问细胞、刺细胞

32血液循环可分为开管式和闭管式循环,其中开管式循环的血液循环途径是

A.静脉一心脏一动脉一毛细血管一静脉 B.静脉一心脏一动脉一血窦一静脉

C.动脉一血腔内微血管一静脉一心脏一动脉 D.动脉一血窦内微血管一静脉一心脏一动脉

二、多项选择

33.间日疟原虫的生活史中出现的繁殖方式有:

A.二分裂 B.孢子生殖 C.有性生殖 D.裂体生殖

34.黑热病和昏睡病分别由下列哪2种动物引起?

A.日本血吸虫 B.披发虫 C.利什曼原虫 D.锥虫

35.下列哪些组合是正确的?

A.鳄—槽生齿.双枕髁.合颞窝 B.鸟类—单枕髁.跗间关节.双颞窝

C.中轴骨—胸骨,锁骨,肩胛骨 D.人类—合颞窝.结肠.双枕髁

36.下列哪些组合是早成鸟?

A.鹳—信天翁 B.丹顶鹤—家鸡 C.鹰—啄木鸟 D.鸿雁—孔雀

37.爬行动物与鸟类共同的特征为

A .缺乏皮肤腺、单枕髁、卵裂形式为盘裂、双循环

B .皮肤干燥、具表皮角质层产物、单枕髁、卵裂形式为盘裂

C .缺乏皮肤腺、具表皮角质层产物、双枕髁、卵裂形式为螺旋卵裂

D .皮肤干燥、具表皮角质层产物、体温恒定、卵裂形式为盘裂

38.下列有关昆虫口器与食性等的叙述,不正确的是

A.适于取食花蜜的口器类型是虹吸式和刺吸式口器 B.咀嚼式口器是原始类型的口器

C.嚼吸式口器昆虫对植物造成的危害大于刺吸式口器D.刺吸式口器和咀嚼式口器的昆虫均不适宜于传粉39.无齿蚌有4个发达的鳃瓣,这些鳃瓣的作用是

A.呼吸 B.辅助摄食 C.完成受精和幼体发育 D.运动

40.因适应于快速游泳的生活方式,头足类的感觉器官很发达,以下结构中属于乌贼感觉器官的结构有A.眼 B.平衡囊 C.触手囊 D.嗅检器

参考答案:1-10、BBDCA DBBDA 11-20、BBDBA DACBB 21-30、BBBCB AACCD 31B 32B 33BCD 34CD 35BD 36BD 37AB 38AD 39ABC 40AB

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