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2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题及答案-天津卷

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）

英语

第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出你可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

例：Stand over there _____ you’ll be able to see it before.

A. or

B. and

C. but

D. while

答案是B。

1. We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or it’s very cold.

A. since

B. if

C. unless

D. until

2. My brother is really ____. He often works in his office far into the night.

A. open-minded

B. hard-working

C. self-confident

D. warm-hearted

3. ---- I just can’t stop worrying about the result of the job interview.

----_____. There’s nothing you can do now but wait.

A. Relax

B. Go ahead

C. Go for it

D. Good luck

4. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.

A. To throw

B. Thrown

C. Throwing

D. Being thrown

5. To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet to go to the library, or _______.

A. neither

B. some

C. all

D. both

6. She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.

A. can’t

B. wouldn’t

C. shouldn’t

D. needn’t

7. The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ______ their discussion.

A. put away

B. take down

C. look over

D. carry on

8. It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.

A. how

B. which

C. that

D. where

9. ----How much do I owe you for lunch?

----______. It’s nothing.

A. You’re welcome

B. Forget it

C. With pleasure

D. That’s right

10. Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students ______ financial aid.

A. in favour of

B. in honour of

C. in face of

D. in need of

11. Most air pollution is caused by the burning of ____ like coal, gas and oil.

A. fuels

B. articles

C. goods

D. products

12. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.

A. where

B. how

C. when

D. why

13. Her shoes ______ her dress; they look very well together.

A. suit

B. fit

C. compare

D. match

14. He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young.

A. was playing

B. played

C. has played

D. had played

15. At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______.

A. out f sight

B. out f reach

C. out f order

D. out f place

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in herclass and was ready for new 16 in high school.

17, high school was different. In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts(选拔赛) for cheerleaders(拉拉队队员). She was competing against very talented girls, and she knew it would be 18 for her to be selected. Two hours later, the 19 read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 20 as the list ended without her name. Feeling 21, she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework.

Arriving home, she started with math. She had always been a good math student, but now she was 22. She moved on to English and history, and was 23 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to 24 math for the time being.

The nest day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school 25. Mrs. Biden wasn’t as 26 as Jenna. “I’m sorry, but we have enough 27 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.” Jenna smiled 28 and left. “Why is high school so 29?” she sighed.

Later in 30 class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 31. By the end of class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she’d continue to try to 32 at her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d succeed, but she knew she had to 33. High school was just as her mom had said: “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 34 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 35 fish you can be.”

16. A. processes B. decision C. challenges D. exercises

17. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides

18. A. difficult B. easy C. boring D. interesting

19. A. editor B. boss C. candidate D. judge

20. A. jumped B. sank C. stopped D. raced

21. A. strange B. happy C. awful D. lonely

22. A. struggling B. improving C. working D. complaining

23. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. shocked D. relieved

24. A. put up B. prepare for C. worry about D. give up

25. A. committee B. newspaper C. radio D. team

26. A. enthusiastic B. artistic C. sympathetic D. realistic

27. A. speakers B. readers C. cheerleaders D. writers

28. A. widely B. weakly C. excitedly D. brightly

29. A. similar B. ordinary C. different D. familiar

30. A. physics B. history C. English D. math

31. A. pleasure B. hope C. trouble D. sorrow

32. A. fit in B. look out C. stay up D. get around

33. A. swim B. try C. ask D. escape

34. A. in return for B. in case of C. in terms of D. instead of

35. A. slimmest B. smallest C. best D. gentlest

第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Sandra Cisneros was born in Chicago in 1954 to a Mexican American family. As the only girl in a family of seven children, she often felt like she had “seven fathers,” because her six brothers, as well as her father, tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated(躲避) into books. Despite her love of reading, she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate.

In high school, with the encouragement of one particular teacher, Cisneros improved her grades and worked for the school literary magazine. Her father encouraged her to go to college because her thought it would be a good way for her to find a husband. Cisneros did attend college, but instead of searching for a husband, she found a teacher who helped her join the famous graduate writing program at the University of Iowa. At the university’s Writers’Workshop, however, she felt lonely----a Mexican American from a poor neighborhood among students from wealthy families. The feeling of being so different helped Cisneros find her “Creative voice.”

“It was not until this moment when I considered myself truly different that my writing acquired a voice. I knew I was a Mexican woman, but I didn’t think it had anything to do with why I felt so much imbalance in my life, but it had everything to do with it! That’s when I decided I would write about something my classmates couldn’t write about.”

Cisneros published her first work, The House on Mango Street, when she was twenty-nine. The book tells about a young Mexican American girl growing up in a Spanish-speaking area in Chicago, much like the neighborhoods in which Cisneros lived as a child. The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school through graduate school level. Since then, Cisneros has published several books of poetry, a children’s book, and a short-story collection.

36. Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood?

A. She had seven brothers.

B. She felt herself a nobody.

C. She was too shy to go to school.

D. She did not have any good teachers.

37. The graduate program gave Cisneros a chance to _____.

A. work for a school magazine

B. run away from her family

C. make a lot of friends

D. develop her writing style

38. According to Cisneros, what played the decisive role in her success?

A. Her early years in college.

B. Her training in the Workshop.

C. Her feeling of being different.

D. Her childhood experience.

39. What do we learn about The House on Mango Street?

A. It is quite popular among students.

B. It is the only book ever written by Cisneros.

C. It wasn’t success as it was written in Spanish.

D. It won an award when Cisneros was twenty-nine.

I love charity(慈善) shops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops anymore. The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for unwanted goods.

The first charity shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity’s appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so successful it had been flooded with donations(捐赠物). They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these donations to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK. My favourite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop, where I always find children’s books, all 10 or 20 pence each.

Most of the people working in the charity shops are volunteers, although there is often a manager who gets paid. Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are donated by the public. Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops, although they don’t encourage this, rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.

The shops have very low running costs: all profits go to charity work. Charity shops raise more than ￡110 million a year, funding（资助）medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and disabled people, and much more. What better place to spend your money? You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense. You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.

40. The author loves the charity shop mainly because of _______.

A. its convenient location

B. its great variety of goods

C. its spirit of goodwill

D. its nice shopping environment

41. The first charity shop in the UK was set up to ____.

A. sell cheap products

B. deal with unwanted things

C. raise money for patients

D. help a foreign country

42. Which of the following is TRUE about charity shops?

A. The operating costs are very low.

B. The staff are usually well paid.

C. 90% of the donations are second-hand.

D. They are open twenty-four hours a day.

43. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?

A. What to Buy a Charity Shops.

B. Charity Shop: Its Origin & Development.

C. Charity Shop: Where You Buy to Donate.

D. The Public’s Concern about Charity Shops.

Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier---the shark(鲨鱼).

Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.

Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark’s ability to sense pressure.

If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather.

Miss Smith had previously studied the behaviour of lemon sharks in the Bahamas.

She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen University.

Her work---thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory ---- resulted from the observation that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.

Miss Smith said: “I’ve always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks.”

“I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there’s so much more we need to understand ---- but it certainly opens the way to more research.”

It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.

At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.

In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal(潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish----none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模拟) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts.

She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for

a jo

b which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research.

44.The passage is most probably taken from _____.

A. a short-story collection

B. a popular science magazine

C. a research paper

D. a personal diary

45. What do we learn from the first four paragraph of the passage?

A. Sharks may be used to predict bad weather.

B. Sharks’ behaviour can be controlled.

C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job.

D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster.

46. Lauren Smith conducted her research by _______.

A. removing hair cells from a shark’s balance system

B. measuring the air pressure of weather fronts

C. recording sharks’ body temperature

D. monitoring sharks’ reaction to weather changes

47. What is the passage mainly about?

A. A popular way of forecasting weather.

B. A new research effort in predicting storms.

C. Biologists’ interest in the secrets of sharks.

D. Lauren Smith’s devotion to scientific research.

We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被动地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.

We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.

Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言).

Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.

That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.

This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.

48. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.

A. doing a medical experiment

B. solving a math problem

C. visiting an exhibition

D. doing scientific reasoning

49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.

A. active learning

B. knowledge

C. communication

D. passive learning

50. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.

A. a message may be changed when being passed on

B. a message should be delivered in different ways

C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing

D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor

51. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Active learning is less important.

B. Passive learning may not be reliable.

C. Active learning occurs more frequently.

D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.

As kids, my friends and I spent a lot of time out in the woods. “The woods”was our part-time address, destination, purpose, and excuse. If I went to a friend’s house and found him not at home, his mother might say, “Oh, he’s out in the woods, ” with a tone(语气) of airy acceptance. It’s similar to the tone people sometimes use nowadays to tell me that someone I’m looking for is on the golf course or at the gym, or even “away from his desk.” For us ten-year-olds, “being out in the woods” was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.

We sometimes told ourselves that what we were doing in the woods was exploring(探索). Exploring was a more popular idea back then than it is today. History seemed to be mostly about explorers. Our explorations, though, seemed to have less system than the historic kind: something usually came up along the way. Say we stayed in the woods, throwing rocks, shooting frogs, picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Italian burial mound.

Often we got “lost” and had to climb a tree to find out where we were. If you read a story in which someone does that successfully, be skeptical: the topmost branches are usually too skinny to hold weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything except other trees. There were four or five trees that we visited regularly----tall beeches, easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.

It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. By then some of us has reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence（青春期）. In March, the month when we usually took to the woods again after winter, two friends and I set out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that were really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.

52. The author and his fiends were often out in the woods to _______.

A. spend their free time

B. play gold and other sports

C. avoid doing their schoolwork

D. keep away from their parents

53. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. The activities in the woods were well planned.

B. Human history is not the result of exploration.

C. Exploration should be a systematic activity.

D. The author explored in the woods aimlessly.

54. The underlined word “skeptical” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. calm

B. doubtful

C. serious

D. optimistic

55. How does the author feel about his childhood?

A. Happy but short.

B. Lonely but memorable.

C. Boring and meaningless.

D. Long and unforgettable.

第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下面画一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

Last summer I go to America and studied at a language 56.

school. I had many wonderful experience, but I also 57.

had a sad one. One day, the school held party, where 58.

I invited to talk about Tianjin. After that they asked me a lot of 59.

Things about China. But I couldn’t explain them with English 60.

Clearly. I felt sadly. I learnt a lesson from this experience. I 61.

have already studied English for eight years, I can’t use it 62.

very good. I must work hard to improve my spoken English 63.

so that I will not be able to communicate freely with foreigners. 64.

I hope I can be a bridge between China and others countries 65.

in the future.

第二节：书面表达（满分25分）

66.

假设2008年2月12日是你父亲的生日，下面三幅图描绘的是你给父亲买完礼物后乘坐地铁回家时经历的一件事。请根据图示，用英语写一篇日记记叙这件事，并谈谈自己的感受。

注意：

1. 词数不少于100；

2. 可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：

地铁（列车）----- subway train

February 12th, 2008

第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. ￡19.15

B. ￡9.15

C. ￡9.18

答案是B。

67. What does the man mean?

A. He doesn’t have any notes.

B. He will be absent from class.

C. He can lend the woman his notes.

68. What is the woman going to do?

A. Prepare a meal.

B. Watch a movie.

C. See a doctor.

69. What does the man mean?

A. John cannot play the piano.

B. John wants to be a writer.

C. John is busy at the moments.

70. How does the woman feel?

A. Worried.

B. Angry.

C. Surprised.

71. When did the man last meet Han Mei?

A. Last month.

B. Two years ago.

C. Last October.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第72和第73小题。

72. What teams were in the game?

A. The Tianjin team and the US team.

B. The US team and the Chinese national team.

C. The Tianjin team and the Chinese national team.

73. When did the game begin?

A. 6:30

B. 7:00

C. 7:30

听下面一段对话，回答第74至第76小题。

74. Who is answering the phone?

A. Judy’s brother.

B. Susan’s cousin.

C. Judy’s cousin.

75. What has happened to Susan’s bat?

A. It’s stolen.

B. It’s lost.

C. It’s broken.

76. What does Susan ask Judy to do tomorrow?

A. Bring the book and the extra bat.

B. Call Susan and her cousin back.

C. Play table tennis with her brother.

听下面一段对话，回答第77至第79小题。

77. What does the man need to know first to find a specific magazine?

A. Who the editor is.

B. How old the magazine is.

C. What the magazine is about.

78. Where will the man probably go to find the magazine?

A. To the first floor.

B. To the second floor.

C. To the third floor.

79. Which word can best describe the woman?

A. Helpful.

B. Impolite.

C. Curious.

听下面一段对话，回答第80至第82小题。

80. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. Manager and job applicant.

B. Teacher and student.

C. Professor and teaching assistant.

81. When does the woman hope to begin working at a museum?

A. In three years.

B. Nest year.

C. This year.

82. What does the man advise the woman to do?

A. Attend business lectures.

B. Change her major.

C. Reconsider her decision.

听下面一段独白，回答第83至第86小题。

83. Where will the swimming competition be held?

A. At the school swimming pool.

B. At the Jackson Sports Center.

C. At the New Town Swimming Pool.

84. At what time will Grade 7 gather?

A. 9:30

B. 9:35

C. 9:45

85. Which of the following is TRUE according to the speaker?

A. Students don’t have to bring cold drinks?

B. Students can get their lunch for free.

C. Students have to pay for the bus ride.

86. What is the announcement about?

A. The schedule of the competition.

B. The location of the Sports Center.

C. The arrangements for the day.

参考答案

第一、二部分（Key to 1-55）

1.C

2.B

3.A

4.C

5.D

6.A

7.D

8.C

9.B 10. D

11.A 12.C 13. D 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.D 20.B

21.C 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.A 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.D

31.C 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.C 36.B 37.D 38.C 39.A 40.C

41.D 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.A 46.D 47.B 48.C 49.D 50.A

51.B 52.A 53.D 54.B 55.A

第三部分

第一节：

Last summer I go to America and studied at a language 56. went

school. I had many wonderful experience, but I also 57. experiences

had a sad one. One day, the school held∧party, where 58. a

I ∧invited to talk about Tianjin. After that they asked me a lot of 59. was

things about China. But I couldn’t explain them with English 60. in

clearly. I felt sadly. I learnt a lesson from this experience. I 61. sad

have already studied English for eight years, ∧I can’t use it 62. but/and/yet

very good. I must work hard to improve my spoken English 63. well

so that I will not be able to communicate freely with foreigners.

I hope I can be a bridge between China and others countries 65. other

in the future.

第二节

一、评分原则：

1. 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。

2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后综合给分。

3. 词数少于100的，从总分中减去2分。

4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。

5. 拼写与标点符号是语文准确性的一个方面。每错误书写3个单词从总分中减去1分，原则上不超过3分，重复的不计。英、美拼写及词汇用法可接受。标点符号错误，将视其对交际的影响程度酌情减分。

6. 如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。

二、内容要点：

1. 给爸爸买生日礼物；

2. 乘地铁回家；

3. 想到爸爸看到礼物会高兴；

4. 老人上车；

5. 让座，老人感谢；

6. 自己的感受。

三、各档次的给分范围和要求：

第五档（很好）：

完全完成了试题规定的任务。

---覆盖所有内容要点。

---应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。

---语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。

---有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

完全达到了预期的写作目的。

第四档（好）:

完全完成了试题规定的任务。

---虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。

---应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

---语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是尝试较复杂结构或词汇所致。

---应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

达到了预期的写作目的。

第三档（适当）：

基本完成了试题规定的任务。

---虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。

---应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

---有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。

---应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。

整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

第二档（较差）

未恰当完成试题规定的任务。

---漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。

---语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。

---有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。

---较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。

信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

第一档（差）

未完成试题规定的作务。

---明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。

---语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。

---较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。

---缺乏语句音的连接成分，内容不连贯。

信息未能传达给读者。

0分

未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。

四、说明：

1. 内容要点可用不同方式表达。

2. 对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。

3. 开头、结尾的内容须合乎逻辑，语言得体。

第四部分：（Key to 67-86）

67.C 68.A 69.C 70.B 71.C 72.A 73.B 74.A 75.C 76.A

77.B 78.C 79.A 80.B 81.A 82.C 83.B 84.B 85.A 86.C

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