2014高考英语一轮精品语法提分专题11(解析)

2014高考英语一轮精品语法提分专题11（解析）

专题十一情景交际

一、打电话和接电话的常用语

1．打电话用语

(1)Hello！May I speak to...？/I’d like to speak to...你好，我可以跟……说话吗？/请……接电话好吗？

(2)Is that...speaking？您是……吗？

(3)I’ll call back later again./I’ll ring him up again.过一会儿我再打过去。/我一会儿再打给他。

2．接电话用语

(1)Hello！This is...speaking.Who’s that？你好，我是……，您是哪位？

(2)Hold on for a moment./Just a moment please.请等一下。

(3)Sorry，he isn’t here right now.Can I take a message for you？很抱歉，他不在，我能为您捎个信吗？

(4)Sorry，I’m afraid you have the wrong number.抱歉，您打错了。

(5)I can’t hear you very well.Please speak a little louder.我听不清楚您的话，请大声点。

(6)The line is busy.电话占线。

(7)I cannot get through.打不通。

二、问路和谈论天气的常用语

1．问路和应答

(1)Excuse me.Where is...？/Could you tell me how I can get to...？/Will you please tell me the way to...？/Can you kindly direct me to the...please？劳驾，请问到……的路怎么走？

(2)Look！It’s on the other side of the road.看！就在路对面。

(3)Go down this road.At the end of the road you’ll see it.沿着这条路走，在路的尽头，你就能找到了。

(4)Sorry，I’m a stranger here.抱歉，我也是初来乍到。

2．谈论天气

(1)What’s the weather like？/How is the weather？天气怎么样？

(2)I missed the weather report this morning.Did you hear it？今天早晨我没有听天气预报，你听了吗？

(3)What does the weather forecast say？天气预报说什么？

(4)What a fine day！It’s a fine day for a walk，isn’t it？今天天气不错！今天是个散步的好天气，对吗？

(5)It’s been raining intermittently all morning.整个上午雨都在断断续续地下着。

(6)It’s clearing up.天放晴了。

(7)It’s nice/fine/sunny/cloudy/foggy.晴/多云/雾。

三、表示问候、介绍和告别的常用语

1．问候语

(1)Good morning/afternoon/evening！早上好/下午好/晚上好！

(2)Long time no see！好久不见了！

(3)How are things with you？你近来怎么样？

(4)How are you？你好吗？

2．介绍语

(1)This is...这是……

(2)May I introduce you to...？我可以把你介绍给……认识吗？

(3)Please allow me to introduce you to...请允许我把你介绍给……

(4)Oh，yes.It’s very nice to meet you.哦，是的。很高兴见到你。

(5)I’m honored to know you.认识你我深感荣幸。

3．告别时用语

(1)I’m glad to have met you and your friends.Hope to meet you again.

很高兴见到你和你的朋友，希望能再次见到你们。

(2)See you later/then/tomorrow/soon.再会。

(3)Let’s get together sometime.Take it easy.回头见，请慢走。

(4)Goodbye/Bye/Bye-bye.再见。

四、表示感谢、道歉和邀请的常用语

1．表示感谢

(1)Thank you (very much)/Thanks (a lot)．(非常/十分)感谢。

(2)Thanks for...(由于)……非常感谢。

(3)It’s very kind of you to...你真好……

(4)I really don’t know how I can thank you enough.我真不知道怎样感谢你才好。

(5)I am thankful/grateful to you.谢谢你。

答语：

That’s all right.别客气，没关系。It’s all right.没关系。

Not at all.不用谢。You’re welcome.别客气。

Don’t mention it.不用谢。It’s my/a pleasure.不用谢。

My pleasure.不用谢。

2．表达道歉

(1)I’m sorry，but...对不起，我……

(2)Excuse/Forgive me for...请原谅我……

(3)I really didn’t mean that at all.我根本没那个意思。

答语：

Never mind.不要紧。

Don’t worry about it.不要因那件事觉得不安。

That’s all right./It doesn’t matter.没关系。

3．表达邀请

(1)Will you come to...？你能来……吗？

(2)Would you like to...？你愿意……吗？

(3)I’d like to invite you to...我很想邀请你……

表示接受的答语：

Yes，I’d love to (...)．行，我乐意(……)。

表示拒绝的答语：

Sorry，I can’t.I’ve already had plans for tonight.对不起，我不能去，我今晚另有安排。

It’s very kind of you，but I’m afraid...感谢你的一番好意，但恐怕我……

Oh，what a pity！That would be lovely，but I’m afraid...唉，真遗憾，能去多好，但是我恐怕……

五、表示约会、就餐的常用语

1．约会

(1)Are you/Will you be free this afternoon/evening？你今天下午/晚上有空吗？

(2)Shall we meet at...？我们在……见面好吗？

(3)What time do you think should be suitable for us to meet？您认为我们什么时候见面合适？

(4)Yes，I’ll be free then.好，那时我有空。

(5)Any day this week except Saturday is OK.除星期六之外，这个星期哪一天都行。

(6)That’s all right.We can make it some other time.没有关系，我们可以约别的时间。

2．就餐

(1)Would you like something to eat/drink？您想吃/喝点什么吗？

(2)Help yourself to some fish/whatever you like.请随便吃鱼/你喜欢吃的东西。

(3)Which would you prefer，A or B？你更喜欢A还是B?

(4)How about having seafood for a change？换换口味吃海鲜怎么样？

(5)Just a little please.就请上一点吧。

(6)It’s so delicious.Thank you.太可口了，谢谢。

(7)No，thank you.I’ve had enough.谢谢，我已经吃饱了。

(8)Can I take your order？我可以让你点菜吗？

(9)Bill，please.结账。

六、表示祝贺和祝愿的常用语

在接受他人的祝贺、祝福时，说英语的国家的人以微笑的方式欣然接受，并感谢对方的祝贺、祝福。

(1)I’d like to congratulate you on...祝贺你……

(2)All the best in your new job！祝你在新的工作岗位上一切顺利！

(3)I wish you good luck/success！祝你好运/成功！

(4)Good journey (to you)！/Have a good trip！祝你旅途愉快！

(5)Have a nice/good time！祝你过得愉快！

(6)Happy birthday/Happy New Year/Merry Christmas to you！祝你生日/新年/圣诞快乐！

(7)Thank you.The same to you./You too.谢谢。同样祝你快乐。

(8)Good luck to you！祝你走运！

(9)Congratulations to you！祝贺你！

(10)Well done！做得好！

七、表示请求允许和建议的常用语

1．请示别人允许

(1)May/Can/Could I．..？我可以……吗？

(2)I wonder if I could...我不知道我能否……

(3)Would/Do you mind if I．..？如果我……，你介意吗？

A．同意别人的请求

①Yes/Certainly/Of course (you may)．可以/当然可以。

②That’s OK./All right.可以。

③Go ahead，please.行，尽管做吧。

B．拒绝别人的请求

①I’m sorry，but...对不起，……

②You’d better not.你最好别那样。

③I’m sorry you can’t.对不起，你不能。

2．表示建议

(1)Let’s go and have a look.让我们去看一看吧。

(2)What/How about a picnic this Sunday？星期天野餐怎么样？

(3)Why don’t you/Why not buy a computer？(你)为什么不买台电脑？

(4)I suggest that you (should) go right now.我建议你马上走。

(5)You should/ought to...你应该……

八、表示遗憾和安慰的常用语

What a pity/shame！真遗憾！/真可惜！

It’s a pity that...真可惜……

I’m sorry to hear...听到……我很难过。

I do feel sorry for him.我真为他感到难过。

That’s a shame.真遗憾。

技巧1熟记常考情景

高考英语常考如下8种情景：询问信息、个人看法、电话、就餐、请求、问候、谈论天气、购物。熟练掌握上述情景的交际方式和常用表达，解决问题就能有的放矢。比如对于道谢及其答语有：Thank you very much. Thanks a lot. It’s kind of you to help me./That’s/It’s all right.You’re welcome. Don’t mention it. It’s a pleasure. It’s my pleasure.等；对于道歉及其答语：Excuse me. I’m sorry. Pardon me./That’s all right. Not at all. Don’t worry about it. Never mind.等。

[考题印证]

—________？

—That would be great！Please drop me off at the library.(2010·安徽，35)

A．Could you bring me the bill

B．Would you like me to give you a lift

C．Could you tell me the postcode for Paris

D．Would you like to have my e-mail address

答案 B

解析答语句意为：那太好了！你在图书馆让我下车就行。根据句意可知应选B项。

技巧2注意东西方文化差异，不受汉语思维影响

东西方文化不同，教育不同，思维方式也不一样，表现在交际中也大相径庭。所以要从西方文化角度去思考问题，不受汉语思维的影响。

[考题印证]

—What a fine day！Shall we go picnicking?

—________.But we need to be home before six o’clock for the football match.(2010·陕西，25) A．Have a nice time B．Pardon me

C．That’s great D．You are right

答案 C

解析句意为：——多好的天气啊！我们去野餐好吗？——好极了。但是我们需要在6点之前到家看足球比赛。Have a nice time.表示祝对方“玩得愉快”；Pardon me.表示“原谅我”；That’s great.表示“好极了”；You are right.表示“你对了”。根据语境，这里选C最合适。

1．—Look，here comes your dream girl.Invite her to dance.

—________ What if she refuses me？(2012·重庆，35)

A．I don’t know. B．Why me?

C．With pleasure. D．So what?

答案 A

解析句意为：——看，你的梦中女孩来了，去邀请她跳舞吧。——我不知道(该怎么做)，要是她拒绝我怎么办？根据答语中的关键信息“What if she refuses me？”可知后者拿不定主意，害怕遭到拒绝，故空格处表示不知如何做，A项符合题意。B项意为“为什么是我”；C项意为“我很乐意”；D项意为“那又怎样”，均不符合题意。

2．—The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum has been cancelled.

—Oh，no！________.(2012·重庆，26)

A．It’s a pity

B．It doesn’t matter

C．I knew it already

D．It’s not interesting at all

答案 A

解析句意为：——在市博物馆的现代艺术展已经被取消了。——噢，天哪！太遗憾了。通过“Oh，no！”一句可推断，后者对展览被取消是惊叹、遗憾。而B项意为“没关系”；C项意为“我已知道”；D项意为“它一点儿意思也没有”，都不合语境。故只有A项“太遗憾了”符合语境。

3．—Lily.Let’s go out for a walk，shall we?

—________.

A．Never mind B．I wouldn’t say no

C．I hope not D．You are welcome

答案 B

解析I wouldn’t say no.用来表示同意或不反对，意为“我同意；我不反对；好的；好哇”。4．—Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.

—________Have you got the first lottery ticket(中头彩)?

A．What for? B．Thanks a lot.

C．Yes，I’d like to. D．Why not?

答案 A

解析此处What for？相当于What do we drink for?

5．—Why not go out to have a tea over the break?

—________.

A．No.I haven’t got any change

B．No.I’m really not in the mood

C．No.I’m not thirsty

D．No.It’s my treat this time

答案 B

解析句意为：——为什么不在休息间隙去喝杯茶？——不，我没心情。A项意为“不，我没零钱。”C项为“不，我不渴。”D项意为“不，这次我请客。”根据句意应选B。6．—Sorry my dog frightened your daughter.

—Forget it！________.

A．She deserved it

B．Every dog has its day

C．Bad luck comes three

D．Animals will be animals

答案 D

解析句意为：——不好意思，我的狗使你的女儿受到了惊吓。——没什么，动物终归是动物。A项为“她活该”；B项为“人人都有得意日”；C项为“祸不单行”。根据句意，D项符合题意。

7．—The man has great determination and never gives up halfway．

—________．

A．So do you B．Neither do you

C．So is with you D．It is the same with you

答案 D

解析当表达前者的情况适合于后者，而这种情况既有否定也有肯定时，用It is the same with．．．或So it is with．．．。

8．—We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.

—Yes，________？I’ll give them a call right now.(2011·新课标全国，21)

A．why not B．what for

C．why D．what

答案 A

解析句意为：——我们可以邀请约翰和芭芭拉来参加星期五晚上的聚会。——好的，为什么不邀请呢？我现在就给他们打电话。why not为什么不；what for为了什么，为何目的；why为什么；what是什么。根据语境，应选A。

9．—Did you forget about my birthday?

—________ I’ve booked a table at Michel’s restaurant for this evening.(2011·大纲全国，6) A．What then? B．I’m afraid so.

C．How could I? D．For sure.

答案 C

解析句意为：——你忘记我的生日了吗？——我怎么能忘了呢？我已经在米歇尔饭店为今晚预订了一张桌子。What then？(下一步)怎么办？又怎么样呢？I’m afraid so.恐怕是这样的。How could I？我怎么能呢？For sure.肯定。

10．—Why don’t you take a taxi there？It’ll save you a lot of time．

—________

A．Thank you anyway! B．Yes，let’s go．

C．Good idea! D．That’s all right．

答案 C

解析句式Why don’t you do sth．表示建议。句意为：——为什么不乘出租车去那儿？这样可以节省很多时间。——好主意！

11．—I’m sorry I broke the vase.

—Oh，________.It wasn’t very expensive.(2011·山东，22)

A．you’d better not B．I’m afraid not

C．as you wish D．that’s all right

答案 D

解析句意为：——对不起，我打碎了那个花瓶。——不要紧，那个花瓶不是很贵。根据上句的道歉可知下句空格处应填表示“没关系，不要紧”的短语。you’d better not 你最好不要；I’m afraid not恐怕不是这样；as you wish如你所愿；that’s all right没关系，不要紧，故选D。

12．—Linda didn’t invite us to the party.

—________？I don’t care. (2011·江苏，29)

A．For what B．So what

C．What’s on D．What’s up

答案 B

解析句意为：——琳达没有邀请我们参加聚会。——那又怎么样？我不在乎。For what？为了什么？So what？那又怎么样？What’s on？在上映什么？What’s up？出什么事了？怎么了？有什么事吗？由具体语境I don’t care，可知应填So what。13．—We got here Tuesday afternoon.

—________Why didn’t you call us earlier？(2011·安徽，35)

A．Good luck! B．You did?

C．It’s no surprise. D．You are welcome.

答案 B

解析句意为：——我们周二下午到这儿的。——真的吗？你为什么不早给我们打电话？Good luck！“祝您好运！”是双方道别时的用语；It’s no surprise.“毫不惊讶。”；

从后面的答语“你为什么不早给我们打电话？”可知答话的人很惊讶，与题意相悖；

You are welcome.“别客气。”用于别人表示感谢时的答语，用在此处不合适；只有B 项You did？“你们确实如此吗？”符合句意，符合语境。

14．—Oh，you sounded just like a native.

—________，I still have trouble expressing myself.(2011·安徽，23)

A．Well，not quite

B．I don’t care

C．Yes，you’re right

D．I’m glad you like it

答案 A

解析句意为：——噢，你的口音听起来就像是本地人。——嗯，还不太像，我在表达清楚自己的意思时还有困难。I don’t care我不在乎；Yes，you’re right是的，你是对的；I’m glad you like it我很高兴你喜欢。这三项均与题意不相符。由答语中的“我在表达清楚自己的意思时还有困难”可知只有A项Well，not quite“嗯，还不太像”，符合题意。

15．—The toasted bread is really delicious．Can I have a second piece?

—________．

A．Behave yourself

B．Help yourself

C．Do it yourself

D．Go ahead if you don’t mind

答案 B

解析题干中问句含有表示请求的语气。A项意为“规矩点”；B项意为“随便吃吧”；C项意为“自己做吧”；D项意为“如果你不介意，就拿吧”。句意为：——烤面包很香，我可以再吃一片吗？——随便吃吧。

最新高考英语语法知识讲解(完整版)

高考英语语法知识讲解 (名师详细讲解语法+配套实战练习，零基础也可以学 好英语，建议下载保存) (绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印收藏) (每天背诵提高英语语感。零基础学英语，每天进步一 点点！)

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