人教版必修五英语unit3-Grammar-导学案

Unit 3 Life in the future(Grammar)

年级：高二主备人：*** 审核人：课型：习题课课时：3课时班级：____________ 组别：___________ 姓名：______________ Learning Aims(学习目标):

Teach grammar (The Past Participle as the Adverbial & Attribute)：过去分词做定语和状语

Difficult and Important Points: (学习重点和难点):

Distinguish the usage of the past participle as the adverbial and the past participle as the attribute.

作定语和作状语的差别

Teaching and learning methods(教学方法)：step by step through comparison in the same category to explain the differences between the four types of sentences and induce the main points (循序渐进讲解与归纳法)

一、阅读下列材料，完成相关练习题

1.过去分词作状语,相当于一个状语从句。有时过去分词前可加不同的

连词来表示不同的概念。例如

When heated（When it is heated）, ice will be changed into water. （时间状语）

Given advice by the famous detective（Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective）, the young lady was no longer afraid. (原因状语) Given more attention（If they had been given more attention）, the cabbages could have grown better.（条件状语）

Though tired out (Though he was tired out), he still kept working on his plan until it was finished.（让步状语

The hunter left his house, followed by his dog（and he was followed by his dog）.（伴随状语）

2.过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。反之，则

用独立主格结构。例如：

比较：I t getting dark , I left in a hurry (独立主格)

Caught by the policemen (Since he was caught by the policemen, the thief had to admit his crime.（分词作状语）

主语不相同it 不可省略

主语相同，可以省略逻辑主语

句子改错：Being Sunday, the shops were closed.

3. 过去分词有两大特点：

1）. 表示被动的动作；

2）. 表示已经完成的动作, 因此,当过去分词作状语的时候一定要搞清楚分词与主语的逻辑关系－－被动

Left alone at home（Although he was left alone at home）, Sam did not feel afraid at all. （分词作状语）

练习用过去分词作状语来改写句子。

1.As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.

→ _______________________ , I was unsettled for the first few days.

2）If he is given time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.

→ _________ , he’ll make a first-class tennis player.

3）As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.

→ ___________________________, I was hit by the l ack of fresh air.

3.过去分词作定语可以转换成定语从句

This is a picture painted by my father. (被动) =This is a picture which was painted by my father.

The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow. (已完成) =The letter which was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow

过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号，等同于非限制性定语从句。

Some of them, born and brought up in country villages, had never seen a train.（=,who were born and brought up in country villages）

注意：单个的过去分词作定语, 通常放在被修饰的名词之前, 表示被动和完成意义。

an honored guest一位受尊敬的客人（表被动

The injured workers 受伤的工人

a retired teacher 退休工人

the fallen leaves 落叶（表完成）

如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：

Is there anything unsolved?

There is noting changed here since I left this town.

高手过招：

1. The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in

this school.

A. open

B. opening

C. having opened

D. opened

2. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came

out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written

3. What’s the language ___ in Germany?

A. speaking

B. spoken

C. be spoken

D. to speak

4. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912.

A. first playing

B. to be first played

C. first played

D. to be playing

5 ._____ by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farms.

A.Attacting

B.Attracted

C.To be attracted

D.Having attracted

6. ______ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved the local police.

A.Having lost

B.Lost

C.Being lost

D.Losting

7. .______ with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.

A.Faced

B.Face

C.Facing

D.To face

8.If heated,_______.

A.people can turn water into gas

B.one can change ice into water

C.ice turns into water

D.people get water from ice

9. ____________their homework,the children went out to play football A. Finished B. Having finished C. Being finished D.To finish 10. It is said that Beijing University was the first institute of higher learning___ in China

A. established

B. being established

C. to be established. D .having been established

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