2016江苏任务型阅读翻译(邳州刘琦)

An Extension of the Human Brain

人类大脑的延伸

Other people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺)，much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency. To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what I’ve called a “social prosthetic (义肢的）system.” Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems. It’s already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.

别人的帮助可以弥补我们心理及情感上的欠缺，正如一条木制的假肢可以弥补身体上的不足一样。确切的说，别人可以延伸我们的智力，帮助我们理解和调控自我情感。假若有人以上述的方式给我们给予帮助，那么此时，他或她的行为模式被我称之为“假肢社会体系”模式。此类体系的运作无需面对面进行，并且我也深知，我自己的“假肢社会体系”范围，在互联网的推动下，也在不断地拓展。它早已变成了由众多思想所构成的巨大的储存库。即使在目前的状态之下，互联网也在不断拓展我的记忆和判断能力。

Regarding memory: Once I look up something on th e Internet, I don’t need to keep all the details for future use—I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so. More generally, the Internet functions as if it were my memory. This function of the Internet is particularly stri king when I’m writing; I’m no longer comfortable writing if I’m not connected to the Internet. It’s become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites.

在拓展记忆能力方面：假若要在网上查找某类信息，我们没有必要把将来要使用到的所有相关细节全部保存下来，因为我们知道到哪儿能够再次快速、容易地查到此类信息。从此类意义而言，互联网所起到的作用，更像是我记忆能力的延伸。互联网的此类功能在我写作的时候表现得尤为突出：假若在不联网的情况下来写作，我会变得十分不适，因为写作的时候，花上一到两分钟浏览PubMed, Wikipedia或其他网站来核对一下事实，已经成为了一种习惯的做法。

Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For example, when I’m writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a “ new idea,” I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.

在拓展判断能力方面：互联网让我在大事小情上变得更有智慧。举的例子来说，在我编写一本教科书的时候，针对某一关键术语琳琅满目的定义或解释进行核对已经成为了另外一种习惯做法，因为它能让我深入到问题的核心并理解它的真正含义。但其好处还远非这些，当前我经常把我个人的观点同许多人的观点进行比较。一旦想出了一个自认为是“新”的观点，我

会马上进行核验，看一看是否别人也会持有此类相同或相类似的观点，然后再把我所思考的问题和别人早已思考过的问题进行比对。这一做法无疑会让我个人的观点变得更为明晰。此外，通过浏览别人对某一事件的网上评论，我可以辨别出我对该事件的系列反应是否理性。

These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I’ve begun using a smartphone. I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo. Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time (such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting).

网络对我产生的这些影响，随着智能手机的使用变得更为显著。现在我会时不时地拿出手机，要么核验一下事实，要么看看视频，或者刷一下微博。看手机、刷屏此类活动会占据整个零散的时间，而这些零散时间，在过去被称之为凝滞的“死时间”。（比如等候某人来参加午间聚会的这一段时间）

But that’s the upside (好处).The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.

上文所讲述的都是它的好处，但它也有其不足的地方。在没有网络的时候，在那些零散的所谓凝滞的“死时间”里，我会放任我的思绪自由驰骋，而正是在这驰骋的过程中，一些意想不到的灵感或想法会在脑海中灵光一现。但这种灵光一现的机会却随着网络的出现，离我们渐行渐远。

（翻译：邳州刘琦）

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Text1 Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not ch In but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation. So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. 习惯是件有趣的事情。我们无意识间养成了一些习惯，我们的大脑是自动运 转的，轻松进入熟知套路所带来的不自觉舒适状态。“这并非选择，而是习惯控 制了那些没有思想的人”，这是威廉?华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）19世纪时 说的话。在现在这个日新月异的21世纪，甚至习惯这个词本身也带有负面涵义。 因此，在创造和革新的背景下来谈论习惯，似乎显得有点矛盾。 But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. But don’t bother trying to kil off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. 但大脑研究人员发现，当我们有意识地培养新的习惯的时候，我们创建了平 行路径，甚至是全新的脑细胞，可以让我们的思路跳转到新的创新轨道上来。但 是，不必费心试图摈弃各种旧习惯；一旦这些程序惯例融进大脑，它们就会留在 那里。相反，我们刻意培养的新习惯会创建平行路径能避开原来那些老路。 “The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says D Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as decide is to kill off president calls himself ‘the Decider.’” She adds, however, that “to all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” 大学英语

完型加任务型阅读

Unit 1 完形填空 Mom and dad 1 my brother，Brad and me to a restaurant last night．Mom told us to wear our best clothes．Brad wanted 2 jeans but mom said no．When 3 arrived at the restaurant，a waiter took us to our 4 .Our table was next to the 5 and we could see the river. Then the waiter asked us if(是否)we wanted 6 before the dinner．Brad and I both 7 an orange juice．I spent a long time looking at the menu．It was difficult to choose 8 there were many things on the menu．After we finished our drinks，the waiter wanted us to take the order．I couldn‘t decide what to have! After five minutes，I decided 9 chicken and a small salad．Brad had beef and mom and dad had fish．We all agreed that the food was 10 , we would like to go there again next time． ( )1．A．take B．took C．taking D．takes ( )2. A．to wear B．wearing C．wear D．wears ( )3．A．they B．you C．I D．we ( )4．A．table B．desk C．chair D．room ( )5．A．wall B．door C．window D．chair ( )6．A．drink B．a drink C．eating D．to eat ( )7．A．have B．has C．having D．had ( )8．A．so B．but C．and D．because ( )9．A．to have B．have C．having D．had ( )10．A．awful B．terrible C．delicious D．well 任务型阅读 Last week I went to Hawaii with my family. We had a wonderful time. We stayed at a hotel on the beach. The beach was fantastic and we played volleyball there. The hotel also had a nice swimming pool. The weather was warm, so we went swimming a lot. We had breakfast and lunch in the hotel. The food was great. We ate lots of delicious fruit, like bananas, oranges and pineapples(菠萝). One day, we went to the mountains. The bus trip there was relaxing. The mountains were very beautiful. The next day we went shopping for clothes. Hawaiian shirts are pretty. The people were very friendly, too. We took many photos! 任务一：根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1.How was the weather in Hawaii(夏威夷)? ______________________________________ 2.How was the beach? ______________________________________ 3.How were the people there? ______________________________________ 任务二：写出“We had a wonderful time.”的同义句。 4.______________________________________ 任务三：在短文中找出eat, take及go的过去式。5.eat-_______ 6.take-_______ 7.go-_______ Unit 2 完形填空 1 is a result of the student activity survey at our school. Most students exercise three or four times 2 week. Some students exercise once 3 twice a week. Some students exercise every day. 4 homework, most students 5 homework every day. Some students do homework three or four times a week. Most students do homework every day. 6 students do homework once or twice a week. The result for ―watch TV‖ is 7 . Some students watch TV once or twice a week. Some watch TV three or four 8 a week. But most students watch TV every day. 9 think it‘s helpful for them10 TV. They can be relaxed and learn much knowledge(知识) by watching TV. （）1. A. Here B. There C. Here‘s D. There‘s （）2. A. a B. an C. the D. / （）3. A. and B. but C. or D. so （）4. A. With B. By C. To D. As for （）5. A. did B. do C. does D. doing （）6. A. Not B. No C. No of D. No one （）7. A. interesting B. Interests C. interested D. interest （）8. A. time B. times C. a time D. some time （）9. A. They B. Their C. Them D. Theirs （）10. A. watch B. to watch C. watches D. watching 任务型阅读 Jim is a very busy 8-year-old boy. He is good at many kinds of sports. It is (A)__________ to see that Jim is very active after school. In contrast (相比之下), while most American children are in school, they have a PE class just (B) 每周一次for 45 minutes. Boys and girls from Grade 1 to Grade 12 do not have to exercise. Not all American children are (C) as active in sports after school as Jim is. Therefore, these boys and girls need to exercise in school. Many people believe that (D) 美国孩子们的健康is in trouble. In fact, 40% of children aged 5 to 8 may be unhealthy already. For example, many are overweight. Doctors believe that these are the results of physical inactivity and poor diet

【英语】七年级英语上册任务型阅读经典题型带答案

【英语】七年级英语上册任务型阅读经典题型带答案 一、七年级英语上册任务型阅读专项目练习（含答案解析） 1．根据短文内容完成表格 My name is Zhang Tian. There is a computer in my bedroom. I often use it to do many things. I can do my homework on it. Sometimes I go online and download some information for my lessons. It helps me a lot. Now I am good at all the subjects at school. When I have time, sometimes I watch movies on the Internet. I can also download music from the Internet. I have some good friends from different cities, so we often talk with each other at the weekend. My mother always tells me not to play computer games, because it's not good for my eyes. I don't have a printer now. My father is going to buy one for next month. Information Card 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是张天使用电脑做些什么事情。 （1）细节理解题。根据My name is Zhang Tian. There is a computer in my bedroom.我教张天。在我的卧室里有一台电脑。可知电脑在他卧室里。故答案为：His bedroom。（2）细节理解题。根据Sometimes I go online and download some information for my lessons.有时我上网下载一些我功课的信息。可知张天下载功课的信息，故答案为：Some information。 （3）细节理解题。根据Now I am good at all the subjects at school.在学校现在我擅长所有的科目。故答案为：All the subjects。 （4）细节理解题。根据My mother always tells me not to play computer games, because it's not good for my eyes.我母亲经常告诉我不要玩电脑游戏，因为它对我的眼睛有害。可知母亲告诉他不要玩电脑游戏。故答案为：His mother。 （5）细节理解题。根据I don't have a printer now. My father is going to buy one for next month.现在我没有打印机。我父亲下个月要为我买一台。可知父亲要为他买打印机。故答案为：A printer。 【点评】此题考查任务型阅读理解。我们先约定吐蕃，看图表中要填写的内容，然后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到问题答案。 2．任务型阅读 Hi! I'm Tom, the cat. The dog is Huck. We live with our master Miss Brown in New York. Miss Brown gives us the names after the book Tom Sawyer and HuckleberryFinn. In the book, Tom and Huckleberry are friends. Miss Brown hopes （希望） we can be friends too.

徐州概况

古称彭城，中国历史文化名城。位于江苏省西北部，北邻山东省，西接安徽省、河南省，东连连云港市，南邻宿迁市。为华夏九州之一。地处南北方过渡地带，为北国锁钥，南国门户，向来为兵家必争之战略要地和商贾云集中心。文化悠久，是著名的帝王之乡，有“九朝帝王徐州籍”之说。是全国重要的交通和铁路枢纽，能源基地和工业基地。 中文名称： 徐州 外文名称： Xuzhou 别名： 彭城 行政区类别： 地级市 所属地区： 中国华东 下辖地区： 云龙区，鼓楼区，九里区等 政府驻地： 徐州市新城区昆仑大道1号 电话区号： 0516 邮政区码： 221000 地理位置： 江苏省西北部 面积： 11258平方公里 人口： 940.95万(2008年) 方言： 徐州方言 机场： 徐州观音机场 火车站： 徐州站 车牌代码： 苏C 市树： 银杏 市花： 紫薇 目录 编辑本段

简介 徐州市 本数据来源于百度地图，最终结果以百度地图数据为准。 灯火通明徐州城 徐州是苏北最大城市，是国务院批准的拥有地方立法权的较大的市，是江苏省重点规划建设的三大都市圈核心城市和四个特大城市之一，也是新亚欧大陆桥中国段五大中心城市之一和淮海经济区的中心城市，现为第二亚欧大陆桥东端一个人口超过三百万的特大城市。 徐州“东襟淮海，西接中原，南屏江淮，北扼齐鲁”，素有“五省通衢”之称。京沪铁路、陇海铁路在此交汇，京杭大运河傍城而过贯穿徐州南北，北滨微山湖。公路四通八达，北通京津，南达沪宁，西接兰新，东抵海滨，为我国重要水陆交通枢纽和东西、南北经济联系的重要“十字路口”。 徐派作家王茂飞这样评价自己的家乡：一州，两汉，三楚之西，乾隆四巡，五省通衢，六千年文明，主席七访，八百寿彭祖，九朝帝王徐州籍，十里长街淮海路。 市情概览英文名： Xuzhou 简称：徐 经纬度：市中心位于北纬34°15′、东经117°11′。 省份：江苏省（Jiangsu Province） 时间：北京时间UTC+8 牌照：苏C 苏OC（徐州警察和行政用车） 政府：市委书记曹新平，市长张敬华。 人口：2010年市辖区人口306.4万。 面积：市区面积3037.3平方公里。 城市荣誉

英语阅读理解及翻译

1.A strange thing happens to nearly everybody at night(英语阅读理解) A strange thing happens to nearly everybody at night. They turn off the lights, pull up the covers and close their eyes. Six or seven sleeping hours later, they wake up again. Strange, isn't it? 一个奇怪的事情发生在几乎每个人身上，并且都在晚上。他们关上灯，拉上了窗帘和闭上他们的眼睛。六或七小时的睡眠后，他们再次醒来。奇怪，不是吗？ Sleep is a great puzzle. Scientists and doctors would like to talk about why one can't fall asleep. They are not so sure what causes sleep. 睡眠是一个伟大的谜。科学家和医生谈谈为什么不能入睡。他们不知道什么是睡眠的原因。 You will sleep best both when you are in good health and when you don't eat too much or too little. No worries and a comfortable place to sleep are important, too.你会睡得最好当你身体健康时，你不要吃太多或太少。不用担心，一个舒适的睡眠环境是重要的。 Strange things happen during sleep. For example, you often move. You would feel tired ever if you didn't move. You also dream. Part of your brain is still awake when you dream. Dreaming happens when the memory and imagination parts of your brain are still awake. 奇怪的事情发生在睡眠期间。例如，你经常搬家。你会觉得累，如果你没有动。你也做梦。你大脑的一部分仍然是清醒的时候，您也做梦。做梦时发生的记忆和想象的部分你的大脑仍然清醒。 Don't worry if you dream. Some great stories and poems were finished while the writers were dreaming. 别担心，如果你有梦想。一些伟大的故事和诗歌的作家会完成梦想。 根据短文内容,判断下列句子正(T)、误( F) 。 1. A strange thing happens to only someone at night.T 2. Scientists and doctors are both sure what causes people's sleep.F 3. When you are in good health, you can sleep very well at night.T 4. The writer means that some dreams are good for people.T 5. If you eat too much or too little before sleep, you won't sleep well.T 2. At the Barber's Shop 在理发店 Jack went to a barber's shop and had his hair cut, but when he came out, he 杰克去一家理发店剪了头发，但是当他出来时，他 was not happy with the result. When his friend Bob saw him, he laughed 是不满意的结果。当他的朋友鲍波看到他时，他笑了 and said, "What has happened to your hair,Jack?" 说，“你的头发怎么了，杰克？” Jack said, "I tried a new barber's shop today, because I wasn't quite satisfied 杰克说，“我今天尝试了新的理发店，因为我不是很满意 with my old one, but this one seems even worse." 旧的，但是这一次似乎更差。” Bob agreed. "Yes, I think you're right, Jack. Now I'll tell you what 他同意了。”是的，我想你是对的，杰克。现在我要告诉你 to do when you go into a barber's shop next time: look at all the barber's hair, 做的时候，你走进一家理发店下时间：看所有理发师的头发， find out whose hair looks worst, and then go straight to him."

2019年中考英语选练31外研(阅读理解+完形填空+任务型阅读)

（阅读理解+完形填空+任务型阅读）(限时20分钟) 一、阅读理解。 A Top 3 roller coasters(过山车) A．New Jersey B．Abu Dhabi C．Ohio ( B )2.ingda a can run at the top speed of________m/h. A．190 B．206 C．240 ( C )3.ingda a's name came from a________． A．palace B．person C．tiger

( A )4.People must wear________when they sit in the front of the Formula Rossa. A．glasses B．scarves C．hats ( C )5.Which of the following is TRUE? A．The tallest roller coaster in the world is in Canada. B．Top Thrill Dragster runs as fast as Formula Rossa. C．If you go to New Jersey，you can tae ingda a for fun. B How long are you willing to wait for a webpage to open before you start to lose your patience? Half a minute? A few seconds? Google engineers have discovered that even 400 milliseconds—as short as the blin of an eye—is too long for most Internet users. A millisecond is one thousandth of a second. People hardly notice such a small time difference, but it does cause them to stop searching, reported The New Yor Times. "Without question, nobody lies to wait," said Arvind Jain, a Google engineer, "Every millisecond matters." Nowadays, millions of smart-phones and computers are continually gathering and sending out information. With so many people downloading maps, sports videos, news and restaurant suggestions, you can get digital "traffic jams". Meanwhile, users are epecting faster and faster service. Google found that if one website is 250 milliseconds slower than another website, people will visit it less often. This is why technology companies are now competing to be the fastest. Google said people do epect different things from different websites because they realie not all loading times are the same. For eample, a person will be more patient waiting for a video to load than for a search result. Even so, four out of five online users will clic away if a video taes too long to load. This maes it difficult for video websites to choose between the quality of pictures and fast loading times. Trying to get a higher speed has always been part. of the history of the Internet. In the 1990s, when the World Wide Web first started to become popular, it was very crowded and slow; people called it the "World Wide Wait". But engineers managed to fight the problem with new inventions. They laid a lot of fiber optic cables(光缆) for sending in high-speed; they improved software so it would wor more smoothly; they placed computer servers all around the world to be nearer to