2019年英语试卷及答案

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points).

Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight

fluctuations.__ 1 ,when done too often,this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 .

As for me ,weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally

healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale.That was bad to my overall fitness .

goals.I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass,but thinking only of_ 4 the number on

the scale, I altered my training program.That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my

goals.

I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate

6 of the hard work

and progress I was making in the gym.It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any

significant changes in your weight_ 7 altering your training

program.The most .

Changes will be observed in skill level,strength and inches lost.

For these 9 I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing

Schedule 10 .Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to_ 11 my weight

each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight

changed. That tells me whether I need to_ 13 my training program.

I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well.If my training intensity remains the same.but I m constantly__ 15 and dropping weighthis isa _ 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.

The__ 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness

and well-being. I m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I n0 longer carry the burden

of a 18 morning weigh-in.I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals__ 19 I m training according to those goals :not the numbers on a scale.

Rather than 20 over the scale.turn your focus to how you look

feel.how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.

1. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. However D. Besides

2. A. cares B. warns C. reduces D. helps

3. A solely B. occasionally C. formally D. ittially

4. A lowering B. explaining C. accepting D. recording

5. A. set B. review C. reach D. modify

6. A depiction B. distribution C. prediction D. definition

7. A regardless of B. aside from C. along with D. due to

8. A rigid B. precise C. immediate D. orderly

9A. judgments B. reasons C. methods D. claims

10. A though B. again C. indeed D. instead

11.A. track . B. overlook C. conceal D. report .

12. A. approve of B. hold onto C. account for D. depend on

13. A. share B. adjust C. confirm D. prepare

14. A. features B. rules C. tests D. results

15. A. anxious B. hungry C. sick D. bored

16. A secret B. belief C. sign D. principle

17. A. necessity B. decision C. wish D. request

18. A. surprising B. restricting C. consuming D. disappointing

19. A. because B. unless C. until . D. if

20. A. dominating B. puzzling C. triumphing D. obsessing

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Direction:

Read the fllowing four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosingA, B, C, D. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points ) Text 1

Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger，guilt emerges a little later,in conjunction with a child's growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren't born knowing how to say "I'm sorry" ; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends-and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount to be a good thing.

In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortable-it's the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones, Yet this understanding is outdated. "There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve," says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren't binary-feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalties. Too much happiness can be destructive.

And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our

goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.

Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity.Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto,suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies,Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses.And vice verse :High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.

In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b12007582.html,ing caregiver assessments and the children's self-observations, she rated each child's overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions.Then the kids were handed chocolate coins,and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child.For the low-sympathy kids,how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilty-prone ones shared more,even though they hadn't magically become more sympathetic to the other child's deprivation.

“That's good news," Malti says. "We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret."

21. Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help.

A. regulate a child's basic emotions

B. improve a child's intellectual ability

C. intensifty a child's positive feelings

D. foster a child's moral development

22. According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be.

A. deceptive

B. addictive

C. burdensome

D. Inexcusable

23. Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that.

A. an emotion can play opposing roles

B. emotions are socially constructive

C. emotional stability can benefit health

D.emotions are context-independent

24. Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing.

A. may help correct emotional deficiencies

B. can bring about emotional satisfaction

C. can result from either sympathy or guilt

D. may be the outcome of impulsive acts

25. The word“transgressions" (Line 4, Para.5)is closest in meaning to.

A. wrongdoings

B. discussions

C. restrictions

D. teachings

Test2

Forests give us shade,quite and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce,we are threatening their ability to do so.The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.

Thankfully there is a way out of this trap-but it involves striking a subtle balance.Helping forests flourish as valuable“carbon sinks" long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now.California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.

The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity.But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture,so they grow and thrive,restoring the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air.Healthy

trees are also better able to fend off insects. The landscape is rendered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire,fewer trees are consumed.

The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 2010, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.

California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030- financed from the proceeds of the state's emissions-permit auctions.That's only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all ,5o it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.

The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels.New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.

State governments are well accustomed to managing forests,but traditionally they've focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon.California's plan, which is expected to be finalized by the government next year, should serve as a model.

26. By saying"one of the harder challenges" the author implies that____.

A. forests may become a potential threat

B. people may misunderstand global warming

C. extreme weather conditions may arise

D. global climate change may get out of control

27. To maintain forests as valuable"carbon sinks," we may need to_

A. lower their present carbon-absorbing capacity

B. accelerate the growth of young trees

C. strike a balance among different plants

D.preserve the diversity of species in them

28. California's Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to.

A. cultivate more drought-resistant trees

B. find more effective ways to kill insects

C. reduce the density of some of its forests

D. restore its forests quickly after wildfires

29. What is essential to California's plan according to Paragraph 5 ?

A. To carry it out before the year of 2020.

B. To handle the areas in serious danger first.

C.To perfect the emissions-permit auctions.

D.To obtain enough financial support.

30.The author's attitude to California's plan can best be described as_

A. ambiguous

B.tolerant

C. cautious

D.supportive

TEXT 3

American farmers have been complaining of labor shortages for several years. The complaints are unlikely to stop without an overhaul of immigration rules for farm workers.

Congress has obstructed efforts to create a more straightforward visa for agricultural workers that would let foreign workers stay longer in the U,S. and change jobs within the industry. If this doesn't change, American businesses, communities, and consumers will be the losers.

Perhaps half of U.S. farm laborers are undocumented immigrants. As fewer such workers enter the country, the characteristics of the agricultural workforce are changing. Today's farm laborers, while still predominantly born in Mexico, are more likely to be settled rather than migrating and more likely to be married than single. They're also aging. At the start of this century, about one-third of crop workers were over the age of 35. Now more than half are.And picking crops is hard on older bodies. One oft-debated cure for this labor shortage remains as implausible as it's been all along: Native U.S. workers won't be returning to the farm.

Mechanization isn't the anwer, either-not yet, ar least. Production of

corn, cotton, rice, soybean, and wheat has been largely mechanized, but many high-value, labor-intensive crops, such as strawberries,need labor.Even dairy farms, where robots do a small share of milking, have a long way to go before they're automated.

As a result, farms have grown increasingly reliant on temporary guest workers using the H-2A visa to fill the gaps in the workforce. Starting around2012, requests for the visas rose sharply; from 2011 to 2016 the number of visas issued more than doubled

The H-2A visa has no numerical cap. unlike the H-2Bvisa for nonagricultural work which is limited to 66.000 a year. Even so, employers complain they aren't given all the workers they need. The process is cumbersome, expensive, and unreliable. One survey found that bureaucratic delays led the average H-2A worker to arrive on the job 22 days late. The shortage is compounded by federal immigration raids. which remove some workers and drive others underground. In a 2012 survey, 71 percent of tree-fruit growers and almost 80 percent of raisin and berry growers said they were short of labor. Some western farmers have responded by moving operations to Mexico.From 1998 to 2000.

14.5 percent of the fruit Americans consumed was imported . Little more than a decade later.the share of imports was 25.8 percent.

In effect, the US can import food or it can import the workers who pick it.

31.What problem should be addressed according to the first two paragraphs?

A. Discrimination against foreign workers in the U.S.

B. Biased laws in favor of some American businesses.

C. Flaws in U.S. immigration rules for farm workers.

D. Decline of job opportunities in U.S. agriculture.

32. One trouble with U.S. agricultural workforce is_

A. the rising number of illegal immigrants

B. The high mobility of crop workers

C. The lack of experienced laborers

D. The aging of immigrant farm workers

33. What is the much-argued solution to the labor shortage in U.S. farming?

A. To attract younger laborers to farm work.

B. To get native U.S. workers back to farming.

C. To use more robots to grow high-value crops.

D. To strengthen financial support for farmers.

34. Agricultural employers complain about the H-2Avisa for its

A. slow granting procedures

B. limit on duration of stay

C. tightened requirements

D. control of annual admissions

35. Which of the following could be the best title for this text?

A. U.S. Agriculture in Decline?

B. Import Food or Labor?

C. America Saved by Mexico?

D. Manpower Vs. Automation?

Text4

Amold Schwarzenegger, Dia Mirza and Adrian Grenier have a message for you : It's easy to beat plastic. They're part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day - encouraging you, the consumer, to swapout your single-use plastic staples to combat the plastics crisis.

The key messages that have been put together for World Environment Day do include a call for governments to enact legislation to curb single-use plastics. Butthe overarching message is directed at individuals.

My concern with leaving it up to the individual, however, is our limited sense of what needs to be achieved. On their own, taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws, for example, will accomplish lttle and require very lttle of us. They could even be harmful, satisfying a need to have "'done ourbit" without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions- a kindof"moral licensing"that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and askingmore of those in

charge.

While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility towardit remains centered on shopping bags and straws, we 're ignoring the balance of power that implies that as "consumers”we must shop sustainably, rather than as' citizens' hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change.

It's important to acknowledge that the environment isn't everyone's priority-or even most people's. We shouldn't expect it to be. In her latest book, Why Good People Do Bad Environmental Things, Elizabeth R. DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for thechange to be structural.

This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action, or banning single-use plastics altogether.India has just announced it will “eliminate all single-use plastic in the country by2022." There are also incentive-based ways of making better environmentalchoices easier, such as ensuring recycling is at least as easy as trash disposal.

DeSombre isn't saying people should stop caring about the environment. It'sjust that individual actions are too slow, she says, for that to be the only, or evenprimary, approach to changing widespread behavior.

None of this is about writing off the individual. It's just about putting

things into perspective. We don't have time to wait. We need progressive policies that shape collective action, alongside engaged citizens pushing for change.

36. Some celebrities star in a new video to.

A. demand new laws on the use of plastics

B. urge consumers to cut the use of plastics

C. invite public opinion on the plastics crisis

D. disclose the causes of the plastics crisis

37. The author is concerned that“moral licensing" may.

A.mislead us into doing worthless things

B. prevent us form making further efforts

C. weaken our sense of accomplishment

D. suppress our desire for success

38. By pointing out our identity as" citizens,"the author indicates that.

A. our focus should be shifted to community welfare

B. our relationship with local industries is improving

C. we have been actively exercising our civil rights

D. we should press our governments to lead the combat

39. DeSombre argues that the best way for a collective change should be_ .

A. A win-win arrangement

B. a self-driven mechanism

C. a cost-effective approach

D. A top-down process

40. The author concludes that individual efforts.

A. can be too aggressive

B. can be too inconsistent

C. are far from sufficient

D. are far from rational

PartB

Directions:

Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left columnto its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10poins)

How seriously should parents take kids' opinions when searching for a home?

In choosing a new home, Camille McClain's kids have a single demand:abackyard.

McClain's ittle ones aren't the only kids who have an opinion when it comesto housing. And in many cases youngsters' views weigh heavily on parents' realestate decisions, according to a 2018 Harris Poll survey of more than 2,000 U.S.adults.

While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in thedark about real estate decisions, realty agents and psychologists have mixed viewsabout the financial, personal and long-term effects kids' opinions may have.

The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, said Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago.

“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system," hesaid.

Greg Jaroszewski, a real estate broker with Gagliardo Realty Associates, said he's not convinced that kids should be involved in selecting a home - but their opinions should be considered in regards to proximity to friends and social activities, if possible.

Younger children should feel like they're choosing their home-without actually getting a choice in the matter, said Adam Bailey,a real state attorney based in New York.

Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them feel like agent they're being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.

Many of the aspects of homebuying aren't a consideration for

children,said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Clalif. And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.

“Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise,but I wouldn't base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions," Hampson said.

The other issue is that many children - especially older ones -may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows , said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group inRiverside, Calif.

"They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of us," he said."HGTV has seriously changed how people view real estate.It's not shelter,it's a lifestyle. With that mindset change come some serious money consequences."

Kids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to thempersonally, Norris said.

Parents need to remind their children that their needs and desires may change over time, said Julie Gurner, a real estate analyst with https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b12007582.html,.

"Their opinions can change tomorrow, Gurner said."Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child's opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best - and give them an opportunity to

customize it a bit and make it theirown."

This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children, despite the current housing crunch.

41-45：ADCGF

Section II Translation

46. Directions:

Translate the following text into Chinese .Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)

It is easy to underestimate English writer James Herriot.He had such a pleasant,readable style that one might think anyone could imitate it. How many times have | heard people say ,"I could write a book,I just haven't the time." Easily said.Not so easily done. James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion,did not find it easy in his early days of,as he put it,"having a go at the writing game. "While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final,polished work that he gave to the

world was the result of years of practising,re-writing and reading.Like the majority of authors,he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way,but these made him all the more determined to succeed. Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literary field was no exception.

译文：我们很容易低估英国作家詹姆斯·赫里奥特的真正实力。他的文风令人愉悦、通俗易懂，以至于可能会有人认为任何人都可以模仿这种写作风格。我曾经无数次听到他人说：“我也可以写书，但是，我没有时间”。写作这件事说起来容易。做起来难。与大众观点不同，詹姆斯·赫里奥特在创作初期，并不认为尝试写作是件易事。虽然他明显天赋异禀，但是，他展现给世人最终的精致巨作都是他多年习作、重写和阅读的成果。跟大多数作家一样，在写作生涯中，他不得不遭受很多失意和冷眼，但正是这些挫折是他更加坚定地取得成功。他生命中取得的一切都是努力赢来的，并且他在文学领域的成功也绝非偶然。

Section IV Writing

Part A

47. Directions:

1) Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic Write him an email toc with your reasons,and

2) tell him about your arrangements .

You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

DO NOT use your own https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b12007582.html,e "Li M ING"instead.(10 points)

Dear Professor Smith,

2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考16 定语从句(讲解)

2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考秘籍—定语从句 【知识方法】 先行词：名词或代词 定语从句 关系代词 关系词 关系副词 【知识清单】 定语从句 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，在定语从句中担当某一成份。 关系代词、副词作用先行词例句 that，who，whom(只做宾语) 主语 宾语 表语 人Do you know the girl who／that is standing under a tree? 你知道站在树下的女孩是谁吗?

that，which 主语 宾语 表语物、时间、 地 点、原因 She got a computer which／that her parents bought for her． 她有一台她的父母买给她的电脑。 whose 定语人物The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard． 他的爸爸是医生的男孩学习非常刻苦。 The classroom whose window is open is mine． 窗户开着的那个教室是我的教室。 when 状语时间I still remember the day when you leave for Beijing． 我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。 where 状语地点This is the school where my mother works． 这就是我妈妈工作的学校。 why 状语原因 Could you explain the reason why you were late?你 能解释一下你迟到的原因吗? 二、关系代词在定语从句中的用法(关系代词作宾语时可省略)： 1．that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 This is the pen that you are looking for. The girl that has long hair is my sister. 2．which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well. The fish which we bought were not fresh. 3．who, whom指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 The boy who broke the window is called Tom. The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。(宾语) 4．whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose bag is new is called Ann.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。(指人)

2019年中考英语精选试题及答案

2019年中考英语专题练习试卷 (名师精选全国真题+答案，值得下载练习) 一、阅读理解。 A （2019中考教育类选练） A jaywalker is a person who usually walks across the road without paying attention to the traffic. “I don’t like to be a taxi driver,not only because of its hard work,but also for the reason of too many jaywalkers on the road,and that may cause dangerous accidents.”Drivers always compla （抱怨）like that.These day,a new way is used to solve the problem in Shijiazhuang,and the jaywalkers are now facing another danger of having their pictures shown on screen. A new system（系统）using two cameras and a 30 cm-by -20 cm screen is put next to some crossings in the city.People who cross the road on a red light will be caught by the camera,and their pictures will be shown on the screen.At the same time,the system will make a warning sound for people not to continue. A primary school students was caught by the camera.He stopped back onto the pavement（人 行道）after hearing the sound.”I was in a rush to get to school and saw myself smiling shyly on the screen,”he said. The system has been in use for about two weeks.Many people think it’s a good way to stop jaywalking.But there are also different voices.Some think that walkers are now given less time than drivers to cross the road,and time should be adjusted（调整）. Anyway,it is a good way to solve the problem on the road.And maybe it will spread to more cities soon. ( )1.Jaywalkers often______. A.drive a car carefully B.solve the traffic problems C.follow the traffic rules D.run the red light

2019年中考英语模拟预测试题(二)(精选试题 带答案)

2019年中考英语模拟预测试题（二） Name___________Grade___________第一节单项选择（本题共15小题，每小题1分，计15分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 ()1.—Have you seen wolf warriors II? —Yes.This is_____educational film and it has become one of_____most popular films in the world. A.a;/ B.a;the C.an;the D./;the ()2.—Hi,Cathy!I saw Miss Zhang in the meeting room just now. ―No,it______be her.She went to Nanjing two days ago. A.must B.may C.can’t D.needn’t ()3.—Did you watch2018CCTV Spring Festival Evening Gala in T aian? —Certainly.That night the sky over T aian was as_______as that in the day with the light. A.bright B.brightly C.brighter D.mo r e brightly ()4.—What a bo u t going to the cinema on foot with me,Wei Ming? —I prefer_______a bike t o_______there. A.ride;walk B.riding;walk C.ride;walking D.riding;walking ()5.China’s first home-built aircraft carrier(航空母舰)hit the water in Dalian_______the morning of April26,2017. A.in B.on C.at D.to ()6.When we see any waste lying on the ground,we should_______. A.pick it o ut B.point at it C.pick it up D.kick it o ut ()7.—It’s said that the TV program Readers was quite popular. —Yes._______my parents_______my little sister likes watching it very much. A.Neither;nor B.Both;and C.Either;or D.Not only;bu t also ()8.—Do you know China’s famous scientist Pan Jianwei? —You mean“the father of quantum”(量子之父)?Yes,he is the_______of our country. A.pride B.prize C.pr oud D.heart

2019年最新全国各地小升初英语试卷及答案

本文从网络收集而来，上传到平台为了帮到更多的人，如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意！ 2019年最新全国各地小升初英语试卷及答案 单项选择(20分) 1．There are two _____ in our school． A．library B．libraries． C．librarys 2．There aren’t _____ apples in the basket, but there are some on the table． A．some B．any C．a 3．—Is there a dining hall in your school? —__________ A．Yes，there are．B．No，there is． C．Yes，there is． 4．Look，my grandmother is _____ my grand father． A．on the left of

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