代词和数词

代词和数词

【考点分析】

代词

1.人称代词主格与宾格的用法;

2.名词性和形容词性物主代词的用法;

3.反身代词的用法;

4.指示代词this, that, these, those的用法;

5.表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较;

6.some,any的用法辨析;

7.each, every的用法辨析;

8.(a) little,(a)few,a bit的用法辨析;

9.替代词it, that, (the) one(s), those的用法辨析;

10.another, (the) other(s), else; the rest的用法辨析;

11.every-,some-,any-,no-与thing,-one,-body构成的复合不定代词的用法。

数词

1.基数词的确指和不确指;

2.数词与主谓一致关系;

3.dozen和score的用法;

4.序数词与冠词的连用。

【知识点归纳】

(一)代词

I.代词的分类

人称代词

主格I you he she it we you they

宾格me you him her it us You them

物主代词

形容词性my your his her its our your their

名词性mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

反身代词myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves

指示代词

this that such these those such

相互代词

宾格each other one another

所有格each other’s one another’s

★不定代词

可数one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neither

不可数much, (a) little

可数、不可数any other all some

复合不定代词

anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing

疑问代词

who whom whose which what

连接代词

Who whom whose which what

关系代词

who whom whose which that

II.代词的用法

1.人称代词

①在句中作主语,用主格，在句中作宾语,则用宾格;

She teaches them physics.

②在句中作表语,常用宾格;

Who is it? It’s me.

但有时要用主格：It was I who told him the whole story.

在强调句型中,强调的是主语,故I用主格。

③两个或两个以上的人称代词并列时,其顺序是：

单数按2,3,1人称排列，复数按1,2,3人称顺序排列。

you, she and I ; we, you and they

2.物主代词

①形容词性物主代词只能作宾语

We love our motherland.

②名词性物主代词可用作主语,表语和宾语

Your coat is black while mine is red.

3.反身代词

①用作宾语、表语，或主语、宾语的同位语

He teaches himself Japanese every evening.(宾语)

She is not quite herself today.她今天身体不太舒服。(表语)

I myself can repair the bike.(主语的同位语)

②常用含有反身代词的惯用语归纳

by oneself= alone 独自for oneself独立、为自己

be oneself处于正常状态,显得自然enjoy oneself玩得愉快

seat oneself坐下dress oneself in 给自己穿

devote oneself to专心于、献身于help oneself to 自行取用、不用客气

come to oneself苏醒make oneself at home 不要客气

4.指示代词

①this和that是近指, that和those 是远指

I don’t want this book. I want that one.

②有时为了避免重复,常用that/ those 来代表前面出现过的名词

At this time of year, the weather here is much colder than that in Nanjing.

③this和that都可代表前面提到过的事情,若出现两个名词,指代前面的用that指代较后面的用this;但若指下文将要叙述事情,则只能用this，不能用that。此外，还可用于代替上文中出现过个单数或不可数名词，且后面带有of短语修饰。

Health is above wealth; this cannot give so much happiness as that.

健康胜于财富;财富不会像健康那样带来那么多幸福(句中this=wealth;that=health)

They cant afford it.That/this is their problem.

What I want you to remember is this :English is of great use.(此句中this不能用that替换) The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Suzhou.

④such的用法

such 一般在句中作定语和主语.用作定语时,它所修饰的名词前的不定冠词应放在之后。

Such is my answer.

Such are the results of the exams.

I have never seen such beautiful flowers.

用作定语时,它所修饰的名词前的不定冠词应放在such之后such a good book。

5.相互代词

①在句中可作宾语

They help each other and learn from each other.

②加’s后成为所有格,作定语

They asked about one another’s life and work.

6.不定代词

不定代词种类较多,在使用时应注意其用法与区别。为了便于记忆我们择其重点以表格的形式列出。

不定代词区别

例句

one, some，any和it

one可以泛指人或者事（东西），其复数为ones。

①We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet.

A.one

B.ones

C.it

D.them

②Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _______ than mobile phones do.

A.one

B.ones

C.it

D.those

some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。

—Your coffee smells great! —It’s from Mexico．Would you like ________?

A.it

B.some

C.this

D.1ittle

some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。

①I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.

②—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?

—________way as you please.

A.Each

B.Every

C.Any

D.Either

one指同类中的一个，it指代同一种类的东西。记住下列三点区别：

①it =the /this/ my…+单数名词

one =a/an+单数名词

②it代替特定的单数名词

one代替不特定的单数名词

③one之前加上定冠词the可以表示特指,one前如有形容词修饰,之前还可以加上不定冠词,但是it之前既不能加冠词也不能加形容词修饰。

①—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow _______ ?

—No, I’d rather b uy _______in the bookstore.

A.it;one

B.one;one

C.one;it

D.it;it

②This film is an interesting one.

③Of all the dresses, this is the one I like best.

some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。

①There’s ________cooking oil in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get ________.

A.1ittle,some

B.1ittle,any

C.a little,some

D.a little,any

②We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for ________.

A.none

B.either

C.any

D.each

③He doesn’t have _________ furniture in his room --just an old desk.

A. any

B. many

C. some

D. much

each和every

each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。

①Each student has a pocket dictionary.

Each (of us) has a dictionary.= We each have a dictionary.

②Every student has strong and weak points.

Every one of us has strong and weak points.

all和both

both指两个人或物,而all指三个以上的人或物. 在句中都可作主语，宾语,表语,同位语和定语①—Which of the two books will you take?

—I’ll take ____and I think ____of them is very important to me.

A. either; neither

B. neither; both

C. both; either

D. either; both

②—Which of those electronic dictionaries do you like most?

—____.They are both cheap and of great importance.

A. None

B. Both

C. Neither

D. All

注意：both, all, each, every以及由every构成的不定代词出现在否定句中，不管否定词在前还是在后，都是部分否定：All of them don’t like music=Not all of them like music.他们并不都喜欢音乐。

要表示完全否定，需要借助neither，none ，no one ，nothing，nobody等。

Neither of them doesn’t like music.他们俩都不喜欢音乐。

None of them don’t like the music.他们都不喜欢音乐。

none和no

no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可。

①There is no water in the bottle.

②How much water is there in the bottle? None.

③None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.

other和another

other泛指“另外的，别的”常与

其他词连用，④the other day,

every other week,

some other reason, no other way,

the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。

①Both sides have accused of breaking the contract.

A.another

B. the other

C. neither

D. each

②Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.

another指“又一个，另一个”无

所指，复数形式是others，泛指

“别的人或事”。

①We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun，so let’s have ______ one this month．

A.the other B．some C．another D．other

②The trousers are too long, please give me another pair

/some others.

③Some like football, while others like basketball.

either和neither

前者意思为：两者中任何一方都；

后者意思为：两者都不。

①—Do you want tea or coffee?

—______,I really don't mind.

A. none

B. neither

C. either

D. all

②It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.

A. none

B. neither

C. both

D. each

few和little;a few和a little

few 和little 表示没有多少,含否

定意义,而a few 和a little表示一

些,有几个,含肯定意义.另外, few

与a few修饰可数名词, little与 a

little 修饰不可数名词。

此外quite a few , quitea little意思

是“不少,相当多的”。

①The old man knows a little English.

②Few of them can speak Russian

7.it的用法

①用作人称代词,代替前文提到的事情。

This bike is not mine. It’s Peter’s.

②用以代替提示代词this, that

—What is this? —It’s a pen.

—Whose book is that? —It’s Mike’s.

③起指示代词的作用,指一个人或事物

—Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me.

—Who is making such a noise. —It must be the children.

④指环境情况等。

It was very quiet at the moment.

⑤指时间，季节，天气，气候等

—What time is it? —I t is eight o’clock.

It often rains in summer.

⑥指距离

It is five kilometers from the office to my home.

It is a long way to the factory.

⑦作形式主语和形式宾语

当动词不定式,动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it作句子的形式主语

It is not easy to finish the work in two days.

It is not a good habit to stay up late.

It is no use crying over split milk.

It is a pity that you didn’t read the book..

当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,动名词,宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前

I think it no use arguing with him.

I found it very interesting to study English.

He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.

注意：see to it that…(务必)和take it for granted that…(想当然)句型中的it，以及词组make it 中的it(做事成功，搞定)。

⑧用于强调结构(详见专题九)

要强调句子的某一部分(通常是主语,状语,宾语), 可以把it 当作先行词.这种句子的结构是“It is(was)+被强调部分+that (who )+句子的其余部分” .如果强调的部分是人,可用who whom 代替that

I met an old friend in the park yesterday.

此句各部分被强调后句型如下：

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英语之中名词 代词 动词 形容词 冠词 数词 副词 介词 连词 感叹词

（一） 1、名词名词(Nouns）是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。 2、代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。 3、动词，就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。基本上每个完整的子句都有一个动词，要表示第二个动作时可使用不定词、动名词、对等连接词、从属连接词或增加子句等方法连结。根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类。 4、形容词 形容词【adjective】很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征 5、冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前，对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。冠词可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种 6、数词表示"多少"和"第几"的词,叫数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。 7、副词(Adverb)副词的定义: 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。

8、介词的定义和特征介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。 （二） 1、名词，人或事物的名称 3、代词，代替名词或者数词（比如some就是代替数目） 3、动词，动作或状态 4、数词，表示数目或顺序（比如序数词，5th就是表示顺序） 5、形容词，人或事物的性质或状态（因为形容词一般修饰名词） 6、副词，动作的特征或性状特征（因为副词一般修饰动词或形容词） 7、冠词，表示名词的泛指或特指 8、介词，表示名词或代词与其他词的关系（因为介词后面一半紧跟 名词，代词或其他名词性结构） 9、连词，连接词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子 10、感叹词，表示说话时的感情或语气

代词 数词

Unit 2 代词 this that , those, these指示代词在句中作主语, 宾语, 表语, 等等比如That is a red car.那是一辆红色汽车。Which do you like? I like this.，你喜欢哪一个? 我喜欢这个 疑问代词：表示“谁(who),谁 (whom),谁的(whose),什么(what), 哪个或哪些 (which)”等词叫疑问代词。 疑问代词的用法:疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，疑问代词一般放在句子的最前面。例子： Who is that in blue dress? 穿着蓝色裙子的那个人是谁? Whom are you looking for? 你在找谁。。 all, any, another, both, each, every, either, every, few, little, many, much, no, none, either, one, other, some以及由 some, any, no, every 和 body, one, thing 构成的复合词。 比如说That's all I know. 这就是我知道的。some any的主要用法 Do you have any books? 你有书吗? I have some books。 You can come at any time. 你什么时候都可以来。sometimes some time sometime ? 这几个词是什么意思呢？？ do you want some coffee? 喝点咖啡吗？或would you please give me some bread? 复合代词 5. The maths problem ______ is wrong. A. himself B. ourselves C. itself D. herself 6. “Who‘s that at the door?” “ _____ is John.” A. it B. he C. this D. she 4.Won’t you have _____ tea? A. any B. a C. some D. every 5. Here are trees on ____ sides of road. A. both B. either C. each D. every 16. ___ of us would agree with you. A. Someone B. No one C. Nobody D. None 19. ____ is knocking at the door. A. One B. Someone C. Anyone D. Something 17. Don't eat ____ food. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 18. _____ of them is on the team. A. neither B. nobody C. both D. all

数词用法讲解及练习

数词 I.定义与分类 数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。 II. 基数词 1. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位，要表示汉语中的“万”，英语需借用thousand一词，如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand)，“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。 2. 用作基数词单位的hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如： About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。 3. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如： He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头(from 。 This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。 III. 序数词 1. 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，six / sixth，ten / tenth，sixteen / sixteenth，但是nine变为序数词是ninth，而不是nineth。 2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。 3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”：4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。 4. 非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。 5. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。 6. 序数词前通常要用定冠词，但表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常可省略其前的定冠词。如： My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。 He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。 注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如：We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次(from 。 序数词前用定冠词和不定冠词的区别在于：定冠词表特指，不定冠词表泛指，有类似another 的意思，但比another 的意思更明确。 IV. 分数、倍数、小数和百分数 1. 分数。 (1)分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。如： two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5 注：1/2 通常读作 a [one] half，一般不读作a second；1/4 可读作 a [one] fourth，也可读作 a [one] quarter。

英语名词、代词、数词

名词 一、名词的分类 名词即表示人或物名称的词，它分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。具体可看表：类别意义例词 专有名词表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等 名称的词Lucy, China, the Great Wall, the Great Hall of the People 普通名词可数名 词 个体名词表示个体的人或事物的词dictionary, pencil, chair, window 集体名词表示一群人或一些事物的词Family, police, class, group, team 不可数 名词 物质名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的 词 Rice, glass, water, porridge, paper, air, wood,wheat, steel 抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象 概念的词 Knowledge, danger health, life, homework, interest, love 动动脑筋，观察一下： car ——cars ，student ——students ，book——books designer——designers airplane——airplanes water, bread, paper, tear, 二、可数名词的复数形式 1、名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词（Countable Noun）和不可数名词（Uncountable Noun），可 数名词又有单数和复数两种形式。 练一练：把下面的名词变成它的复数形式 season_______form________plan_________bus______watch_______tomato_________ hobby_________ city__________ toy________ monkey________wife________ leaf________ man________woman_______ sheep______mouse_________foot______ (一)名词复数构成规律： 情况构成方法例词 一般情况+s cake grape month couple 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh等结尾的词+es watch box bus boss 辅音字母+y结尾的词改y为i，+es beauty county baby lady factory 以f和fe结尾的词变f(fe)为ves leaf wife wolf knife life thief 以o结尾的词1、有生命体的+es, 2、无生命体的+s Negro hero potato tomato mango 黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆、番茄和芒果。radio zoo piano photo （二）一些不规则变化特例： man—men woman----women tooth----teeth foot---feet mouse----mice child----children deer---deer sheep---sheep Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese policeman-policemen（与man和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women）Englishman———Englishmen Frenchman————Frenchmen （三）某国人变复数，记住以下的顺口溜： 中日不变，英法改变，其他加s Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen American—Americans （例外：German---Germans）（German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans） （四）复合词的复数: 改中心词为复数 girl student———— girl students 注意：man和 woman 等作定语时，它的单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定， 例如： woman teacher----women teachers man teacher -----men teachers

2020届中考英语热点猜押练2 介词、代词和数词(含答案)

猜押练2 介词、代词和数词 Ⅰ. 单项选择 1. Cao Yuan, a 22-year-old Chinese scientist, was regarded ______one of the 10 top people by Nature ______2019. A. as; in B. for; in C. as; on D. at; on 2. —The Wandering Earth (《流浪地球》) tells us a story about how people tried to save the earth. —Yes. In the film humans chose to stay with the earth ______running away from it. A. because of B. together with C. such as D. instead of 3. Let’s take a walk ______the river after dinner, shall we? A. along B. through C. upon D. over 4. We all think ______quite necessary to stop school bullying (校园欺凌). A. it B. her C. that D. this 5. The earth, the only home of ______, is now in danger. Everyone in the world should play a role in saving it. A. yours B. hers C. his D. ours 6. —Is there ______in today’s morning news on CCTV-5? —Yes, Chinese Team beat Russian team by 3: 0 in the Women’s Volleyball World Cup in Japan ______September 16, 2019. A. anything special; on B. something special; in C. special something; on D. anything special; in

第6讲数词、量词和代词

第6讲数词、量词和代词 Well！开新课之前，涛声依旧——要复习上节课的内容。 1，奥巴马是个坏蛋。其中“坏蛋”这个词用英语怎么说？ 2，英语单词wide是宽的意思，那么比较宽的呢？ 3，hotter and hotter 是什么意思？ 有两道题没答对的同学，请自罚一杯！三道题都没答对的，自罚三杯！ 下面开始新课。在汉语和英语里都是，数词、量词和代词涉及到的语法知识都不多，且性质基本一致，所以放在一起讲，并且依旧从汉语讲起。多年的经验告诉我，汉语语法不好的人，英语的语法不可能好。 大家知道郑板桥写过一首奇诗吗？诗名叫《咏雪》 一片二片三四片，五片六片七八片； 千片万片无数片，飞入梅花总不见。 此诗前三句基本是小学生在数数。但最后一句画龙点睛，一下子就把遍地梅花映衬漫天飞雪的美景刻画出来了。诗中的一片雪花，二片雪花，三片雪花……都是数词和量词的妙用，一二三四……万，都是数词，表示数字的意思，那个“片”字就是量词，表示名词的单位。因为数词和量词总是连在一起使用，所以经常合称为“数量词”。汉语数量词的使用很广泛。 我们北方，冬天经常下大雪，每到那时我就情不自禁地想起毛主席的名篇《沁园春·雪》“北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘……”这里的“千里，万里”就是数量词。 在英语里，数量词的形式和用法与汉语有一点点区别。 1，英语很少用量词。 2，英语量词的种类很少。 先说第一点： 如果他们说一个人就说 a man，2个人就说2 men，3个人3 men。 说一张桌子，就是a table，2张桌子就是2 tables ，3张桌子就是3 tables 说5个鸡蛋是 5 eggs ，10个鸡蛋是10 eggs，100 个鸡蛋是100 eggs。 不用量词，多简单！现在看，我们汉语经常用量词，实在是一种画蛇添足的行为。 再说第二点： 有的语法书上说英语没有量词，其实那么说不准确，准确地说是量词不发达，种类很少。常见的如下： a drop of water 一滴水 a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力

数词,代词

中考英语复习语法模块之数词、代词 （一）概说： 英语的数词可分为基数词和序数词两大类。基数词表示的是人或事物的个数，而序数词表示的是这些数目的顺序。 1 2 一、写出下列数字的基数词和序数词 1 _________ __________ 2 _________ __________ 3 _________ __________ 4 _________ __________ 5 _________ __________ 6 _________ __________ 7 _________ __________ 8 _________ __________ 9 _________ __________ 10 _________ __________ 13 _________ __________ 25 _________ __________ 34 _________ __________ 46 _________ __________ 50 _________ __________ 68 _________ __________ 79 _________ __________ 100 _________ __________ 273 _________ __________ 二、翻译下列短语 1．数以千计的___________ 2．几百万棵树______________ 3．三年半_____________________________________ 4．五分之二________ 5．一个5 个月大的婴儿____________________ 6．一座长2 千米的桥______________________ 7．在19 世纪70 年代___________ 8．在第12 层_______________ 9．在她9 岁生日时________________ 10．7 点45 分___________________________

英语语法——代词与数词

英语语法英语语法——————代词与数词 代词与数词主编：汤敏

英语语法英语语法——————代词与数词 代词与数词主编：汤敏 代词 一.概说 定义：代词(pronoun)是代替名词的词： 1.1代词在句子中的功用 1)和名词一样，可作主语、宾语和表语。b)有些代词和形容词一样，可作定语。如：I am reading The Arabian Nights.我在读《天方夜谭》。(作主语) This is John Smith speaking.(打电话用语)我是约翰?史密斯。(作主语) Can I help you?我能帮你的忙吗?(作宾语) That's all.我的话完了。(作表语) 2)His father is an eye-doctor.他父亲是个眼科医生。(作定语) All men are equal.所有的人都是平等的。(作定语) 3)格的变化有些代词有格的变化，如I 我(主格)，me 我(宾格)，Who 谁(主格)，whom 谁(宾格)。某些代词有所有格，如whose 谁的，other's 别人的，somebody's 某人的，one's 一个人的。 4)单复数形式有些代词有单数和复数形式。少数代词的复数形式和名词的复数形式的变化规则相同，如one-ones ，other-others 。其他如人称代词、物主代词、自身代词和指示代词等，其复数形式与此不同，须个别记忆。 5)有或没有冠词代词之前一般不用冠词，只有少数例外。如：the other ，the others ，a few ，a little 等。 种类 1.2英语有下列几种代词： 1)人称代词(personal pronoun) a)主格：I ，he ，she ，it ，we ，you ，they. b)宾格：me ，him ，her ，it ，us ，you ，them. 2)物主代词(possessive pronoun)： a)形容词性物主代词：my ，his ，her ，its ；our ，your ，their. b)名词性物主代词：mine ，his ，hers ，its ，ours ，yours ，theirs. 3)自身代词(self-pronoun)：myself ，yourself ，himself ，herself ，itself ，ourselves ，yourselves ，themselves ，oneself.

中考总练习讲义--冠词和数词

教学内容： 不定冠词a和an的用法，定冠词the的用法，零冠词的用法，习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用。 【一】冠词的概念及分类 冠词是放在名词前面的一种虚词，没有词义，没有数和格的变化，不能单独使用，只能帮助名词或起名词作用的其他词类说明其意义。冠词有两种：a /an叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。 【二】不定冠词(a/an)的用法:

1. a 用在读音为辅音开头的名词之前,an 用在读音为元音开头的名词之前。 【注意】(1) 这里指的是〝读音〞，而不是指字母。 例：a university / useful book / usual thing / European country an hour/honest boy/honor(光荣；荣幸) (2) 另外在单独一个字母前也用an，如：A / E / F / H / I / L / M / N / O / R / S / X 例：There is an 〝m〞in the word---music. 2. 表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,通常在首次提到某人或某物时用a / an，以表示与其他事物的区别。 例；(1) I gave him a book yesterday. 我昨天给了他一本书。 (2) I am reading an interesting story. 我在读一本有趣的故事书。 (3) I have got a ticket. 我有一张票。 3. 用在事物的度量单位前,如时间、速度、价格等, 表示"每一个"。 例：(1) We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。 (2) I went to the library once a week at least. 我一星期至少去一次图书馆。 (3) The potato is sold at about 30 fen a jin. 土豆卖三毛钱一斤。 用于某些特定的词组。 例：a few, a little, have a good time, have a look, a number of, hav e a headache, have a rest, go for a walk等等 5. a /an+序数词表示〝又一，再一〞。 例：I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one. 可视为一个整体的两个名词前 例：a knife and fork 一副刀叉 典例精讲： 1.(2019·来宾)—Would you like____ new blue T-shirt，Mary?

代词与数词

代词与数词 代词 代词的分类 人称代词主格we I he she it they you 宾格us me him her it them you 物主代词形容词性our my his her its their your 名词性ours mine his hers its theirs yours 指示代词This，that，those，such，same 相互代词Each other，one another 反身代词Oneself，himself，themselves，yourself，yourselves，herself，itself，myself 不定代词One，any，everyone，everything，anybody，anything，anyone，something，Somebody，all，both，each，either，neither，none，few，little，a few， A little，many，much 疑问、关系代词Who，what，which，whose，whom 1.物主代词 形容词性物主代词作名词或动名词的定语。还可与own连用，表示强调。 名词性物主代词作主语、宾语、表语。还可与of连用，构成双重所有格，如 a/an/this/that/these/those/some/any/several/no/each/every/such/another/which+名词+of+名词性 物主代词。 2.指示代词 指示代词在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。另外，thi s和that在口语中也可以作为副词，作状语，相当于so，意为“如此，那么”如：Paul,the MP4 is very expensive.Can you afford this much?保罗，这个MP4很贵。你付得起这么多钱吗？It isn't all that cold.Y ou don't need to bring too many clothes.天还没冷到那种程度。你不必带太多衣服。 This（these）一般用来指后面要讲到的事物；that（those）常指前面讲过的事物。如：Listen to this:a girl has died of bird flu.听听这件事：一个女孩的禽流感病死了。He didn't come.That is why he didn't know.他没来，那就是为什么他不知道的原因。 Such与不定代词连用，其结构是：such+a/an+单数名词；such与不定代词连用，其结构是：one/no/any/few/every/some/many/all+名词。如：Early in my life,I learned the truth of the old saying---there's no such thing as a free lunch.俗话说，世上没有免费的午餐。很早我就懂的这句话的意思了。Such is sure to be turned down.任何这类要求肯定会被拒绝。 3.反身代词 反身代词在剧中可用作宾语、表语和同位语。如：We all introduced ourselves before the meeting started.会议开始前我们都做了自我介绍。Bob is not quite himself today.(be oneself 处于正常h 状态，显得自然)鲍勃今天感到不适。 反身代词用在一些固定习语中。如：（1）与介词连用The computer can shut off of itself.电脑会自动关机。He is not bad in himself,but he's so weak-minded.他本质不坏，只是很优柔寡断。One would rather have a bedroom to oneself.人人都愿意有自己的卧室。He was beside himself with joy when he heard he had passed exam.（因……而失去自制力）当他听说自己通过了考试时，他欣喜若狂。Y ou can't go home by yourself in the dark.天黑以后你不能独自回家。Y ou can try it out for yourself.你们自己可以试一试。（2）与动词连用accustom oneself to sth. 习惯某

高考英语复习 第3讲：代词和数词

高考英语复习第3讲代词和数词 [深化认知] 一、人称代词的四点注意 1．人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格在句中通常作主语，宾格在句中作宾语、表语和同位语等成分。 主格I you he she it we you they 宾格me you him her it us you them Tom is a student. He works very hard. Tom是一名学生，他学习非常努力。 He has a dog to keep him company. 他有一条狗陪伴他。 2．人称代词指代的数前后要一致。 The students must be made to understand how important each subject is to them.(them指代the students) 必须使学生明白每门功课对他们来说多么重要。 3．句中没有谓语动词或在句中与动词不定式连用，人称代词常用宾格。 —I'd like to go to climb the mountain this weekend. —Me too. ——这个周末我想去爬山。 ——我也想去。 What! Me (to) play chess with him? No! 什么！让我和他下国际象棋？不要！ 4．在比较级的句子中，than, as后用主格、宾格皆可。 To tell the truth, Lucy is more qualified for the job than she/her. 说实话，露西比她适合这份工作。 Not having heard of it before, Tom is as surprised as he/him. 以前没听说过这件事，汤姆和他一样吃惊。 二、物主代词的四大常识 1．物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词在句中通常作定语，名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。 形容词性物主 my our his her its their your 代词 名词性物主代 mine ours his hers its theirs yours 词 The students are doing their homework. 学生们在做作业。 Your room is big while mine is small.