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雅思写作高分讲义

雅思写作高分讲义
雅思写作高分讲义

第一章雅思写作话题范围分析

——写作话题范围的固定性

?老百姓话题

?政府话题

?人与周围世界的关系

雅思写作要求考生在限定时间内就给定的话题以英文表达自己的想法,目的是考察考生的英文写作能力和分析问题、逻辑思维能力及论证能力。因此所给的写作话题不带任何专业色彩,是为广大考生所熟悉的话题。雅思作文G类题目都很简单,就是大家日常生活中经常接触的话题;A类作文80-90%的话题与G类相同,只是问题方式难度增加,另外还有一些话题,如国家之间的关系问题,只出现在A类题目中。实际上A类话题更广泛、更学术一些。

尽管雅思作文题层出不穷,纵观数学考题,我们可以把所有题目归纳为以下三大类话题;

?老百姓话题

?政府话题

?人与周围世界的关系

考生一旦了解这些常考话题,平时就可以随时有针对性地积累写作素材,为考场的写作做充分的准备。下面我们就具体地分析一下各大类话题所覆盖的题目,使考生全面了解范围。

一、老百姓话题

上述三大话题中出题数量最多,考题最贴近考生生活的是关于老百姓的话题。仔细分析,这部分话题又可以做出如下的划分:

1.个人一生中各个年龄段遇到的需求权衡利弊、全面考虑之后做出抉择的问题。

我们一生当中,在各个阶段会遇到不同的棘手问题需要我们费心思考、花时间和精力解决。这些问题和我们的生活密切相关,因此完全是大家熟悉的话题,当然也是雅思写作常考话题。备考的学员可以按照人从小到老的顺序,想一想哪些问题需要我们个人解决,哪些大事需要我们决定。如此一想,雅思作文2/3的题目已经在大家的准备之中了。

从成年人的视角来看,在孩子上学之前,最大的麻烦事找人看孩子、送孩子入托的问题。这个问题在现实生活中是如何解决的?在我们国家,很多家庭是有爷爷、奶奶、姥姥、姥爷们帮忙把孩子带到上幼儿园的年龄。但这种做法的利与弊雅思作文并不考,原因很简单:西方国家不存在这种现象。不能依赖老人帮忙,还能怎么解决呢?于是不少母亲放弃职业在家带孩子(考题),也有越来越多的家庭把很小的孩子就送去上幼儿园(考题)。这样棘手的问题具有普遍性,政府当然要出面解决了。从这个角度看,雅思作文题就问考生了:政府是否免费为老百姓解决看孩子的问题?

到了孩子上学年龄,孩子几岁上学合适和抉择问题又是有争论的话题。有的国家小孩4岁上学,而有的国家孩子7岁上学,你什么意见呢?(考题)你会为孩子选择寄宿学校还是走读学校?(考题)公立学校为孩子提供免费受教育的机会,从此意义上讲,私立学校没有存在的必要了,你同意这种观点吗?(考题)

孩子成长过程中的教育问题是重中之重的话题。我们首先分析一下,孩子的成长会受到哪些因素的影响。归纳起来可分为如下几个因素,每个因素都会被考到:

先天;eg.先天影响还是后天教育(nature or nurture),哪个

因素对孩子的性格形成作用更大?(2003年1月)

家庭教育:eg体罚孩子?家长对孩子加以各种限制(看电视、玩电

脑)

后天

学校教育:eg.家长、学校,谁负责孩子的德育教育?

社会教育:eg.媒体对孩子的影响(电视,电影,电脑游戏,广告)其中学校的教育对孩子起着意义深远的影响,学校教育所涉及的方方面面的问题也被多次考到,首先我们看学校为学生内外的安排:

eg.文化课:是否十七八岁前只学习一般课程,之后再学习专门课程?

课程设置

eg.体育课:中学里是否要开设体育课?学校体育活动只加强了学生间的竞争

而非合作。

课余活动:eg.学生的课外活动是否必须具有教育性?

eg.学生可以的打工吗?

老师在学校教育中起着不可估量的作用,自然也是雅思作文题目中不可不考的话题。如,学生对教师的评估。当教育与科技发展相结合时,就考到了计算机能否代替教师的作用: Computers are widely used in education and some people think teachers will nor play an important role in the classroom,To what extend do you agree?

如果孩子没教育好,就会出现各种问题,轻的问题像懒惰,沉迷于电脑游戏,严重的就出现青少年犯罪等问题了。这些现象也是考试话题。

到孩子十七八岁高中毕业,通常面临的选择是:就业还是上大学。相关的题目是:先工作/旅游一段时间再上大学还是直接上大学?出国读大学的利与弊等。

虽然是到了大学阶段,考题的思路依然照旧。大学阶段的话题通常是A类作文题目:课程设置问题与科技发展结合问题再次出现:

Some people think that universities should not provide theoretical knowledge,but give practical training which benefits society.Do you agree or disagree?(2003.1)

Discuss the advantages and disadvantage of distance learning and study on campus。大学的作用和大学生的素质问题也被考出,如:

Nowadays it is believed that one cannot obtain necessary qualification for success through studies at universities or similar academic institutions.To what extent do you agree or disagree with with this opinion?

大学毕业生应该多挣钱;大学毕业后同样面临就业问题等。如:

What factors will you consider when choosing your careers?

步入社会后,中青年人主要承担来自工作和家庭的压力。现代社会中,人们承受着越来越大的压力。工作稳定性差,人与人之间的关系也不如以前密切(关上门是家庭关系出现危机:代沟、离婚、单亲问题;打开门则是邻里关系的疏远)。这些问题就是雅思大作文的常考话题。上着班,大家从事不同的工作,你也要考虑身边出现的各种问题:从事不同工作的公司员工享受同样长短的假期;应进行岗位轮换,高级员工是否应该早一些退休让位给年轻人?到了老年阶段,要考虑退休,养老问题了。如是否到了60或65岁就该法定退休?老年人是往到养老院还是和忙碌的子女住在一起?

以上各话题可归纳成如下图表:

幼儿园(早上晚上)

学前教育看孩子家长(母亲放弃职业)

政府免费解决

公/私立学校

寄宿/全日学校学校类型上学年龄

男女同/分校课程设置

学校教育教师

父母的影响中小学阶段课余活动

体罚学生问题(犯罪/在校问题)限制孩子看电视等家庭教育与科技想结合

性格培养媒体

社会影响

生长环境(城乡差别)

先旅游工作/先上大学

国外上大学抉择高中毕业

离开父母独立

入学:入学第一天遇到的困难

理论/实用课

远程教育课程大学毕业

招相同数量男女生大学毕业生多挣钱

毕业大学中获得成功具备素质

找工作考虑的因素

家庭:工作:从事不同的工作成员关系不密切中青年阶段

压力:压力大/缓解压力

地位:

老人失去权力和地位老年阶段退休:年龄/高级员工退休年龄

养老:养老院/谁负责老人问题

2.老百姓的日常生活:衣、食、行、娱乐、健康。

老百姓除了有那么多大事要考虑,还得应付日常生活的问题。归纳一下,也就是衣、食、行、娱乐、健康问题。

穿:穿时装还是传统服装,花钱打扮

食;快餐

行:交通问题

娱乐:购物、旅游、看电视、休假

健康:运动、保健

3.关于人生态度的思考(题量极少)

这是雅思作文较少涉及的话题,只出现过两个:幸福、讲真话:

?Happiness is important to each of us.Why is it difficult to define happiness?What factors are contributing to one’s happiness?

?Some people believe we should tell the truth all time while others think we can tell lies under some circumstances.What is your opinion?

上面我们按年龄顺序分析了由童年到老年个人一生各个阶段遇到的问题。这些问题通常依靠个人力量就能解决了,而很多问题老百姓需要政府提供帮助。所以现在我们来分析一下站在政府的角度上,应该考虑哪些问题。

二、政府话题

1.需要政府解决的问题:老百姓的难题、交通、环境、科技普及、人口、医疗

2.政府投资:哪些项目(大众艺术项目;教育,武器);哪些人群(科学家或艺术家)

3.政府的限制作用:广告,艺术家/记者的言行

4.衡量政府成功的标准(A类话题)

5.政府的对外关系(富国援助穷国)

三、人与周围世界的关系

自然环境:环保

动物:如何对待动物

现代文明产物/科技发展成果给人们带来的影响:电视,电话,汽车,电脑,机器人

心得笔记

第二章雅思写作文体及提问

方式分析

-写作文体和提问方式的稳定性

?两种文体:议论文和

说明文

?议论文的三种提问方式和两种基本文章结构

?说明文的二钟提问方式和基本结构

一、两种文体

雅思写作Task2有两种文体:Argumentation和Report,分别考察考生对议论文和说明文的掌握和处理能力。我们首先来辨别这两类文体。

议论文的话题都是有争议性的,一定有相互对立的正反双方观点。考生要针对题目给定的话题阐明自己的观点和立场,并提供充分的论据加以支持,某些时候还要反驳对方的论据。议论文对考生的论据能力要求很高。

例:

Some people believe that bicycles are the best way to travel from one place to another. The advantages of using bicycles in transportation out-weigh its disadvantages.Do you agree or disagree with the statement?(2003.1)

二、五种提问方式

1.议论文常见的三种提问方式

(1)What is your opinion/Do you agree with the statement/opinion?例:

?Some people say that it is impossible for a woman to be a successful ca-reer women and a good mother at the same and suggest that the government should play mothers who stay at home to care of their children.Do you agree or disagree with the opinion??Some sporting events,such as the Word Cup,may help to reduce the tension and prejudice between countries and keep the peace of the word.What is your opinion?(2)To what extend do you agree/disagree with the opinion?例:

?Nowadays it is believed that one cannot obtain the necessary qualifications for success through studies at universities or similar academic institutions.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

?In the last 20 years,the assessment of students has undergone a major transformation.Many educational institutions no longer use formal examinations as an unfair indication of a student’s ability.How far do you agree or disagree with this statement?

(3)Discuss the advantage and disadvantages (and give your opinion).

例:

Some people think that it is better for children to stay away from their families and go to boarding schools,while others think that children had better attend day schools.Discuss the arguments and express your own opinion.

2.report两种提问方式

相对议论文来说,Report简单很多。考生不必去说服对方、和对方辩论,只需对题目中的话题发表自己的想法和见解就可以了。例:

There are more and more cars in cites。Pedestrians and cyclists are endangered by the traffic.Gardens and streets give way to car parks and traffic.How could city planners satisfy all people’s need?

Report所占的比例远远低于议论文,它通常有两种提问方式:

(1)题目中给出一个社会问题(Problem),要求考生说明该问题产生的原因或者结果(Causes or Effects),并提出解决办法(Solutions)。我们称之为分析-解决问题型。例:?The rate of crimes committed by the youth is increasing.What are the reasons?

How to solve the problem?

?Discuss some of reasons for and effects of drug use amongst young people in modern day society.What can governments do to prevent and fight young drug abuse?(2)题目中给出一个话题,考生答其所问,说明自己的想法。题目中常常见到“qualifications,factors,purposes”等字眼。我们称之为自我陈述型。例:

?What are the purposes of places such as museums and how should they be funded??What are the qualifications of being a good journalist?

3.关于大作文的文体和提问方式总结如下:

Do you agree/disagree?What is you opinion?

Argumentation To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Task2

Discuss

Problem-causes/effects-Solutions

Report

What are the factors/qualifications/purposes of sth?

雅思写作话题分析整理

Topics of Task 2 (2008~2009.11.21) 一、教育(共25题,占%) 1. In countries where there is a high rate of unemployment, most pupils should be offered only primary education. There is no point in offering secondary education to those who have no hope of finding a job. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? (08.01.26) 不同意: 中学教育是一个重要的德育阶段,如果在这个时候中断,带来的不仅仅是失业这样的问题,还有青少年犯罪等社会问题vital stage for moral education. If it was interrupted, numerous of social problems/headaches may create as juvenile delinquency. (正如马克吐温说:你每关闭一所学校,你就必须开设一座监狱。Every time you stop a school, you will have to build a jail ) 教育能够帮助培养个人素质;提高劳动力的素质,从而提高生产效率,推动社会发展,从根本上解决失业的问题。do a favor to/be beneficial(advantageous, preferable) to personal quality, enhance/boost/promote the quality of the labor force, thereby increase production efficiency, social development, solve the problem of unemployment 从长远来看,如果受过更高的教育,则有更多的机会找到好的工作。In a long run/term, if pupils could receive better education, they may have far more opportunities to find better jobs. 教育的作用不仅仅应当局限在找工作,而是为了将来更好的发展。The function of education should be not only focused on \limited in job hunting, but also for a better development. **失业的原因是综合的comprehensive/complicated,例如经济原因:经济衰退或者不景气economy recession/depression,就业岗位剧减,导致市场对于劳动力的需求整体下降 a fall in the overall demand for labor;社会原因,个人原因等 2. Most countries spend much money on education, as they start to realize the importance of education. In your opinion which subject is the most important for young people and which one is the least important? Subjects: Literature Sports Mathematics Economy Physics History Music Geography (08.03.01) 整个题目可以分为理论科目和实践科目两种: 理论科目的好处:智的角度 实践科目(音乐、体育)的好处:美、体、劳的角度 E.g.: What does sports benefits your academic? Any sport will have a positive effect on academic performance simply because exercise is good for the brain, and teamwork and strategy that are focal to most sports are applicable as well to many academic areas. 理论科目的坏处:枯燥、单调、需要长时间的学习、结合实践时较为困难 体育、音乐的坏处:需要天赋;需要大量时间和金钱的投入;就业范围小,职业生涯短 3. Schoolteachers used to be the source of information, however, some people argue that teachers are not as important as before as the increasing variety of information resources. What is your opinion? (08.0 4.24) 和以前一样重要:(也就是说老师的重要性) 学校教育更加有利于学生的道德培养,尤其对于年龄较小的学生。老师可以帮助学生建立自信心,培养能力,塑造良好的性格最终成为一个有利于社会的人。Teachers could help the students to build up confidence, shape upright character and ultimately grow a full man beneficial to the society. 通过老师的讲解,能够更加容易接受知识。By lectures, students are more easily to receive knowledge.可以根据学生的需要而改变teach students in accordance with their own characteristics and differences 学生在学校里能够参加体育锻炼,有利于身体的健康和成长 学校教育给了学生一个交流、沟通、合作的机会,有利于团队精神team spirit、合作精神cooperation、创新能力innovation的培养foster/cultivation。 其他信息途径的好处(远程教育的好处) 提供了一种更为新颖有效的教育形式an original and effective educational model;增加人们接受教育的机会increase the opportunities of being educated;提高参与者的科技能力develop technology competencies、拓展技术面broaden skill set,从而提高就业机会job opportunity。 为地处偏远和行动不便的人、工作时间不稳定的人提供了受教育的机会those with restricted mobility, such as elderly, disabled, injured, irregular work schedule. 可以同时和全国各地甚至全世界各地的人进行交流和学communicate and interact with students all over the country or even the world 文档和资料容易储存、易提取、打印和阅读documents and materials are easily recorded, retrieved, printed and read 远程教育的缺点: 缺乏和老师面对面的交流lack of in-person contact with faculty members很难及时接受到老师的反馈wait for a long time before receiving feedback about assignments 不能像传统教育那样和同学之间更多地接触,没有机会提高口头交流能力和合作能力等have no chance to enhance oral communication skills and cooperation skills 精力和注意力会被很多东西分散many distractions at home 并不是所有的行业都承认网络教育的学历,缺乏就业认可。not all work industries acknowledge online degrees 4.Schools should teach children some academic subjects, which will be beneficial to their future careers. Therefore, other subjects such as music and sports are not important. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (08.0 5.22) 同第2题 5.University students always focus on one specialist subject, but some people think universities should encourage their students to study a range of subjects in addition to their own subject. To what

【16-25天】18个高频雅思写作话题思路分析与素材汇总

最近考试高频的十八个写作话题思路分析与素材汇总!只有7页,共18个话题,中英双语结合给出了关键思路和素材,给出了关键的高分词汇与表达!老是在考试时理不清思路、想不出素材的同学,看了一定会有帮助的!大家加油加油! ----------------------------------------------我是分割线--------------------------------------------------- 一、跳槽的原因及解决办法 1、相关词汇: fierce competition heavy pressure job-hopping is looked upon to move upward quickly keep skill fresh and up to date acclimatize themselves to the rapidly changing society 2、原因: (1)社会压力大,人们的竞争意识增强,不断改变以适应社会的变化。 (2)处于个人发展的需要,寻求升职,更新知识。 (3)金钱的诱惑,不在乎在哪儿工作,做什么职业,只要挣钱多。 (4)家庭原因,spouse工作地点改变或孩子去其他地方上学。 3、解决方法: (1)要理性看待,一般来说,stability equals success。

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