听力入门2000 第三册 unit4

Unit 4 World News: Earth and Environment

Part I Warming up

1. What is the precise height of Mount Everest according to National Geographic Society's latest measuring?

29,035 feet, seven feet taller than was thought when it was last measured in the 1950s

2. What is the likely impact of climate change according to the new research?

Damage to crops in 10w-lying coastal regions could be worse than previously thought.

3. What is the title of the conference in northern Brazil?

The third United Nations Conference on Desertification

4. What does a new study say about reptiles?

Reptile species are in greater trouble than amphibian species

5. What did the governors from Columbia call for?

A new approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade

6. What are crews doing off the coast of Mexico, about 50 miles south of San Diego?

They are working to clean up a huge oil spill.

7. What is the serious threat for plants?

One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction.

8. How serious were the wildfires in Florida?

They lasted for nearly a week and 65 thousand hectares in the southern part of the state were consumed.

9. What is now available?

A new local directory for the environmentally-aware, called the "Boulder County Green Pages"

10. What does a U.S. Space Agency study recently find?

Greenland is melting around the edges, more than 50 cubic kilometers per year.

Tapescript:

1. The National Geographic Society just finished measuring Mount Everest and it is seven feet taller than was thought when it was last measured in the 1950s. In this case, a global positioning satellite put the precise height of the world's tallest mountain at 29,035 feet.

2. New research on the likely impact of climate change suggests that damage to crops in low-lying coastal regions could be worse than previously thought. A draft report by leading climatologists predicts huge problems as a result of a falling crop yield in tropical and subtropical zones, and more floods and drought in temperate and humid regions.

3. More than 2,000 delegates from around the world have gathered in northern Brazil for the third United Nations Conference on Desertification. According to experts almost one third of the world's dry land is either desert or runs the risk of becoming so. More than 200

million people are directly affected.

4. The disappearance and deformity of amphibians such as frogs and salamanders from rain forests and mountain lakes worldwide has attracted wide-spread scientific attention over the last decade. Now a new study says reptile species including turtles, snakes, and alligators are in even greater trouble. Twice as many reptiles as amphibians, or some 100 species, are currently listed as endangered by the World Conservation Union. The study says habitat loss and degradation, pollution, disease, climate change, and over-collection for food, pets and drugs are the major threat to reptiles.

5. Four regional governors from Columbia, on a visit to Washington, have sharply criticized an American-backed aerial offensive to eradicate thousands of hectares of illegal coke and poppy plantations. At a news conference the governors called for a different approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade, saying that the herbicides currently being used were harmful to public health and the environment.

6. Crews are working to clean up a huge oil spill off the coast of Mexico, about 50 miles south of San Diego. The Coast Guard says about 110 thousand gallons spilt Thursday during a fuel transfer between a tanker and an on-shore facility.

7. Much attention has been devoted to the threatened animal species. But what about plants which are the fundamental bases of life? One in every

eight species of plants is threatened with extinction. Since all food chains begin in the sphere of plant' life, this is bad news for the animals too, including humans who depend on plants not only for food but also for medicines, building materials, and other vital purposes.

8. Wildfires in the Florida Everglades have been contained after nearly a week of blazes that consumed 65 thousand hectares in the southern part of the state. The fires had spread to a largely unpopulated area outside Everglades National Park, a vast saw-grass prairie teaming with wildlife and vegetation. A drought influenced by the El Niho weather pattern is to blame.

9. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware is now available, called the "Boulder County Green Pages." The Rotary Clubs in Boulder County got together with local recycling and environmental specialists to put together this first-ever directory. It includes quick reference to green products and services for recycling, xeriscaping, energy conservation, and more. The $5 cost helps raise funds for the sponsoring groups.

10. A U. S. Space Agency study finds that Greenland is melting around the edges. The loss to the world's second largest ice sheet--more than 50 cubic kilometers per year--is enough to raise global sea level by 0.13 millimeters. NASA scientist Bill Krabill says the data indicates a process of change that docs not immediately threaten coastal regions.

Part II News reports

A.

Summary:

This news report is about the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. It will lead to catastrophic consequences unless global solutions are found soon.

Answers to the questions:

1. 150

2. Monday

3. One billion people could suffer from a scarcity of water.

4. Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America

5. To treat water as a precious resource

6. 5 liters

7. 50 liter s

8. 500 liters

Tapescript

The UN water experts are warning that a severe water shortage will have what they call catastrophic consequences in some developing nations unless global solutions are found soon. One hundred and fifty experts around the world will discuss the water situation at a conference

beginning Monday in Geneva.

A top official from the World Meteorol6gical Organization Arthur Askew says that by the year 2025, almost 1 billion people could be living in areas suffering from a scarcity of water. He says the number could double by the middle of the next century. Mr. Askew says one area with serious water problems is the Middle East. But he says officials in the area are already working on ways to deal with the situation.

Experts say water shortage problems also could develop in parts of Africa and western Asia as well as northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, and parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America. Mr. Askew says there's a moral obligation to treat water as a precious resource and a need to realize that large amounts of water are used often wastefully in food production and manufacturing,

"All commodities have used water in their production and you must be aware therefore that if you're importing food from one country to another you are in fact importing part of the water resources of that country. '

Mr. Askew also says water shortages lead to a conflict between rural and urban demands.

"In many regions of the world, the water crisis is not coming because of human consumption directly for potable water, for drinking, or

for sanitary purposes, it's coming for agriculture. And in general about 80 percent of the water, which is consumed, i.e., is extracted from the rivers or from underground resources and is not returned, is for agriculture. And there's considerable pressure now on the agricultural sectors to

see if they cannot use that water more efficiently."

Mr. Askew says it's estimated that a person needs about 5 liters of water a day to survive, and a person lives comfortably with about 50 liters a day. But he says people in many countries are using 500 liters of water each day. He says ways must be found to reduce such overuse before it's too late.

Questions:

1. How many experts will attend the conference in Geneva?

2. When will the conference begin?

3. What would the situation be like in the year 2025 according to Arthur Askew?

4. In which areas could water shortage problems most probably develop?

5. What is the moral obligation put forward by Arthur Askew?

6. How much water does a person need a day to survive?

7. How much water does a person need a day to live comfortably?

8. How much water are people in many countries now using each day?

B.

An annual study by the World-watch Institute in Washington says

with the boom in the information economy, Americans have lost sight of the deteriorating health of the planet~ The fast growing information economy is affecting every aspect of life, from communication, commerce and work, to education and entertainment. The World-watch Institute gives the earth an annual physical exam. According to this year's result, almost all those vital signs of the health of the earth, including the number of species, the stability of climate, the health of coral reefs, show deterioration. Other warning signs are rising temperatures, falling water tables, melting glaciers, shrinking forests and collapsing fisheries. The major environmental challenges in the 21st century will be to stabilize both climate and world population growth.

Tapescript.

An annual study by the World-watch Institute here in Washington says with the boom in the information economy, Americans have lost sight of the deteriorating health of the planet.

State of the World 2000 says the fast growing information economy is affecting every aspect of life, from communication, commerce and work, to education and entertainment.

Lead author and World-watch President Lester Brown says while Americans generally feel a sense of optimism about the economy, the planet's health is suffering. He says it is a mistake "to confuse the vibrancy of the virtual world with the increasingly troubled state of the

real world."

"We give the earth an annual physical, and this book is the result of that annual physical. We check its vital signs. And almost all those vital signs, whether it's the number of species, whether it's the stability of climate, whether it's the health of coral reefs, all those trends show deterioration."

Lester Brown says other warning signs are rising temperatures, falling water tables, melting glaciers, shrinking forests and collapsing fisheries. He says the major environmental challenges in the 21st century will be to stabilize both climate and world population growth.

World-watch Institute President Lester Brown also points out initiatives by multinational corporations to seek energy alternatives. For example, Daimler-Chrysler and Shell Oil are working with the government of Iceland to turn that country into the first hydrogen powered economy.

C.

Golf course Wildlife

grooming habitats

excessive killdeer eggs

water red-tail hawks

greens foxes

fairways deer

construction great horned owls

halted blue herons

coyotes

Summary:

This news report is about a golf course named Fox Hollow, which has won an award for its relatively low impact on environment and sustained wildlife.

Tapescript:

Golf courses and the environment have historically been at odds. It's hard to reconcile the careful grooming and excessive water needed for greens and fairways with conservation and natural habitats. One case in point, Lakewood's Fox Hollow Golf Course had its construction temporarily halted so some killdeer eggs can hatch. A pair of red-tail hawks were also born during the construction of Fox Hollow. However, the golf course has recently won an award for its relatively low impact and sustained wildlife. The Golf Course Superintendents of America say Lakewood's 27-hole Fox Hollow course blends well with Bear Creek Lake's grasslands, and the land still hosts foxes, deer, great horned owls, blue herons, coyotes, and other wildlife. Only three Environmental Steward Awards are given out each year, so Lakewood officials are pretty excited about helping set the standard for golf courses with a soft touch. Part III City recycling

A.

( 2 ) a. The work at the FCR processing center

( 4 ) b. The success of Charlotte's recycling program

( 3 ) c. What happens to the recyclables from FCR

(1) d. Catherine Smith's recyclable garbage

B.

Process of sorting the recyclables:

( 3 ) a. People sort through the garbage.

( 1 ) b. The garbage is piled in a mound of assorted trash.

( 5 ) c. Bottles and cans come to the sorting station.

( 4 ) d. Bottles and cans are put on the conveyor belt.

( 6 ) e. Twelve workers hand-sort the bottles and cans.

( 2 ) f. Forklifts move the garbage.

(7) g. Bottles and cans are dropped down a chute into a container. Questions:

1. What recycling goes on in households in Charlotte7 Who recycles and how is it done?

2. What happens at the processing center where the material is brought?

3. What happens to the materials once they are sorted and processed?

4. What have been the successes and the benefits of recycling for Charlotte?

C.

1.How many households are eligible to participate in the recycling

program?

130,000 / 80%

2. What are some of the items that Catherine Smith put into her red recycling bin?

Plastic / glass / tin cans / newspapers

3. What happens after Catherine puts out her bin?

Recycle truck picks it up.

4. Where does the recyclable material go after it is picked up?

One of community's recycling centers

5. How often is the used material dropped off at the center operated by FCR?

Each weekday

6. What does Paula Hoffman do at the recycling center?

Conducts tours of the plant

7. How much material is received each day and put into the commingle area?

100 tons / 200,000 pounds

8. Of all the material brought to the center, how much is newsprint? What happens to it?

3/4 / compacted into bales / 11 to 12 hundred pounds each

9. What happens to the sorted and processed recyclables at FCR?

Sold to other companies that make them into different products

10. What always happens to the used food and beverage containers? Made into new containers

11. How successful is Charlotte's recycling program?

One of the top five in the U. S. A.

Tapescript

The United States is running out of landfill space, places to put its trash. Because of that, more communities are encouraging their residents to recycle, to set aside certain materials that won't go to the landfill. One area that's met the recycling challenge head-on, is the southeast City of Charlotte, North Carolina. In just a few years, its recycling program has become one of the country's most successful.

Catherine Smith lives in one of the 130,000 eligible recycling households in Charlotte, North Carolina. Nearly 80 percent of the households participate in the program. Each week, Smith goes to her front porch and fills her red plastic bin with recyclables. "You've got any plastic containers marked one or two. You've got any glass. They also recycle tin cans and newspapers. So all of that can go in the curbside pick-up bin."

"Well, you've got everything out here on the curb. What happens next?"

"Well, this is the easy part. Then someone, ah, driving a Charlotte

Mecklenburg 'Recycle Now~ truck comes and, usually, at some point--tomorrow or Friday--and they pick it up at curbside. And that's it."

From there, Smith's cans, bottles, and newspapers are taken to one of the community's recycling centers. The City of Charlotte actually contracts with a private company to process the recyclables.

This plant is operated by a company called FCR. The recycling trucks pull into FCR each weekday morning to drop off the used material. Inside, the processing center at FCR is bustling with activity. One of the first things you notice in the 26,000square-foot facility is a huge mound of materials called the "commingle area." Basically, it's a big pile of assorted trash. There are forklifts transporting garbage, and people sorting through it. Paula Hoffman is education coordinator at FCR. She conducts tours of the plant for more than one thousand people a month.

"The aluminum cans, the number one and number two plastic containers, the spiral cans, the glass bottles and jars are all mixed together into a huge pile. And... we are receiving about 100 tons a day, which is 200,000 pounds, so you can imagine how many bottles and cans are in that pile."

"Can we walk around a little bit?"

"As you can see, the bottles and cans are riding up the conveyor belt, and they'll end up on a sorting station, where there are twelve workers that will hand-sort the bottles and cans and other containers. As

you can see, from the sorting station, they drop their material down a chute into a large container below. The sorting station is on a raised platform.

Across from the sorters and the commingle area is a mound of newspaper. Of the material brought to FCR, three quarters of it is newsprint. It rides a separate conveyor belt, is checked, and is compacted into bales, 11 to 12 hundred pounds each. Back in the quiet of FCR's auditorium, Paula Hoffman describes what happens to the sorted and processed recyclables the company receives from Catherine Smith and the thousands of other area residents. Hoffman says they're sold to other companies that then make them into different products.

"Your food and beverage glass containers are always made into new food and beverage glass containers. Your aluminum beverage cans are, the biggest percentage of the time, made into new aluminum beverage cans. Twenty five percent of all beverage, Coca-Cola, Pepsi bottles are now made into new Pepsi or Coke bottles. However, a certain percentage is also made into other products such as the fuzz on a tennis ball, carpeting ... your number two plastic.., a lot of it's made into plastic wood."

Charlotte, the surrounding county, and FCR are glad to add new recyclables to their program as long as there's a need for the recycled material. From its high participation rate to the quality end product,

Charlotte's recycling program is considered one of the top five in the nation.

But ultimately, the success of the Charlotte area recycling program can be traced to the curbsides of the many individual citizens who, like Catherine Smith, are active participants in the program.

英语听力入门step_by_step_3000第一册答案及原文

Unit 1 Part I A 1. Oxford / commitment / academic record 2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science 3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels 4. excellence / / location 5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,000 6. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools 7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / third B 1.2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation 2.official / language 3.One billion / 20 percent 4.Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign 5.500,000 words / Eighty percent / other 6.Eighty percent / computers

7.African country / same 8.1,000 / Africa 9.spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United States C 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b ) All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types”–the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their

日本语听力_第二版_入门篇_1-8课听力原文及答案

第１課発音（１） 問題Ⅰテープを聞いて、例のようにその仮名を線でつなぎなさい。 例：「か」と「に」、「に」と「ら」、「ら」と「わ」、「わ」と「ん」、「わ」と「む」、「む」と「れ」 １．Ｍ「な」と「ぬ」、「ぬ」と「り」、「り」と「た」、「た」と「み」、「み」と「ふ」、「ふ」と「ろ」 ２．Ｒ「ぬ」と「う」、「う」と「ゆ」、「ぬ」と「る」、「る」と「わ」、「わ」と「く」、「う」と「の」、「の」と「く」、「の」と「え」、「え」と「し」 ３．Ｗ「す」と「ふ」、「ふ」と「か」、「か」と「さ」、「さ」と「お」、「お」と「く」、「く」と「み」 問題Ⅱテープを聞いて、例のように正しいものを選びなさい。 例：にし １．b しかく２．bひんし３．a わら４．a さかな ５．c りかい６．a しく７．a からい８．b しま ９．c いぬ１０．a かんれん 問題Ⅲテープを聞いて、例のように書き入れなさい。 例：はやし（林） １．たなか（田中）２．みよし（三好）３．こまつ（小松）４．ひらい（平井）５．なかお（仲尾）６．たまき（田牧）７．いのうえ（井上）８．きのした（木下）９．なかむら（中村）１０．やまもと（山本）１１．はとやま（鳩山）１２．たかはし（高橋）１３．いしはら（石原）１４．なかしま（中島）１５．くりはら（栗原）１６．たちかわ（立川）１７．かつまた（勝又）１８．たけもと（竹本） 問題Ⅳテープを聞いて、例のように書き入れなさい。 例：いいす（椅子） ああき（秋）ううえ（上）おおく（奥） かかさ（傘）くくも（雲）けけしき（景色） ここんなん（困難）ししお（塩）すすくない（少ない）せせなか（背中）たたてもの（建物）ちちから（力） つつめたい（冷たい）ととなり（隣）ににもつ（荷物） ぬぬすむ（盗む）ははあく（把握）ひひふ（皮膚）

少儿英语听力入门学习方法

少儿英语听力入门学习方法 少儿英语听力入门学习方法 一、泛听 在练习听力之初，我们能够以多听为主。除了课堂教学，我还努 力通过“潜移默化式”英语学习法。在家里，家长们能够让孩子充分 利用一切课余时间去学习英语。如在孩子们起床时、早饭时、晚饭后、洗澡时、睡觉前等等一切能够利用的时间，播放英文录音或者歌曲， 反复听，随意听。 学生逐步地对内容熟悉了，自不过然耳朵就习惯了听英语。给予 孩子一个最缺少的自然的英语环境，他们自不过然就会对英语产生兴趣，学习效果也会非常明显。 二、听力，语音相辅 有了泛听的基础，我们就要进一步考虑如何提升听力的质量。在 实际授课过程中发现，学生最难把握的语音点通常是连读和停顿。往 往学生能听懂的是一些单词，可当其置于句中、融入语篇时，便出现 了很多问题。 连读：英语的句速是由重音的间距来决定的，有时在一拍时间内 要连续发多个音，于是单词与单词之间就需要首尾相连，由前一个单 词的末尾音节与后一个单词的起首音节相连，这就构成了连读。 停顿：英语的节奏有一个显著特点就是需要停顿。这在学生的日 常发音中常常被忽略。 很多学生以为一气呵成的快速朗读就是所谓的流利。其实不然。 这不但不符合日常的口头表达方式，给听者带来理解上的困难，也影 响了自己的听力。

三、注意听力技巧 很多孩子在做听力的时候，经常会想要听清每一个单词。不过在 厅里练习中，这样的习惯会让孩子在错过一个单词后，后面的内容会 全部来不及听。 所以针对这样的情况，遇到一时不理解的单词不要停下来思索， 而要坚持继续听，以防止错过更多的信息。另外，我们在听到会的单 词后，能够在线上先写出该单词的首字母，提醒自己。在完全听完录 音后，在逐一补全。 四、有意识的词汇积累 前面我们提到，词汇量是听力练习的一个很重要的基础。在听力 练习中，如果听出了单词的读音，却不知道含义，这样的失分是非常 可惜的。 所以我们在平时做练习的时候，能够主动摘抄一些生词、词组。 并且反复听录音来熟悉其读音，是否有连读、弱读、爆破音等等。 扩展阅读：如何能练好英语听力？ 一、听写 练习听力的时候需要注意精听和泛听的结合。建议先泛听，再精 听做听写。泛听一遍了解大概的内容之后，脑中闪过相关的词汇，精 听做听写更能提升效率。第一遍泛听的时候先看看自己能听懂多少内容，第二遍听写需要注意哪些地方呢？一般听写都是以5-8秒的短句 为一个单位，如果时间太久，记忆点太多，不利于听写。 二、对照答案 听力完成后，实在听不出来了，能够对照答案。但是对照答案， 不是改完就了事了。通过答案，我们需要分析我们的常错点。常见的 错误类型能够是语音类的、语法类、拼写类等，整理错题，分析问题，

日本语听力入门篇第12课

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听力入门

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少儿英语听力入门学习方法(最新)

少儿英语听力入门学习方法 一、泛听 在练习听力之初，我们可以以多听为主。除了课堂教学，我还努力通过“潜移默化式”英语学习法。在家里，家长们可以让孩子充分利用一切课余时间去学习英语。如在孩子们起床时、早饭时、晚饭后、洗澡时、睡觉前等等一切可以利用的时间，播放英文录音或者歌曲，反复听，随意听。 学生渐渐地对内容熟悉了，自然而然耳朵就习惯了听英语。给予孩子一个最缺少的自然的英语环境，他们自然而然就会对英语产生兴趣，学习效果也会非常明显。 二、听力，语音相辅 有了泛听的基础，我们就要进一步考虑如何提升听力的质量。在实际授课过程中发现，学生最难把握的语音点通常是连读和停顿。往往学生能听懂的是一些单词，可当其置于句中、融入语篇时，便出现了很多问题。 连读：英语的句速是由重音的间距来决定的，有时在一拍时间内要连续发多个音，于是单词与单词之间就需要首尾相连，由前一个单词的末尾音节与后一个单词的起首音节相连，这就构成了连读。 停顿：英语的节奏有一个显著特点就是需要停顿。这在学生的日常发音中常常被忽略。 很多学生以为一气呵成的快速朗读就是所谓的流利。其实不然。这不仅不符合日常的口头表达方式，给听者带来理解上的困难，也影响了自己的听力。 三、注意听力技巧 很多孩子在做听力的时候，经常会想要听清每一个单词。然而在厅里练习中，这样的习惯会让孩子在错过一个单词后，后面的内容会全部来不及听。 所以针对这样的情况，遇到一时不理解的单词不要停下来思索，而要坚持继续听，以防止错过更多的信息。另外，我们在听到会的单词后，可以在线上先写出该单词的首字母，提醒自己。在完全听完录音后，在逐一补全。 四、有意识的词汇积累 前面我们提到，词汇量是听力练习的一个很重要的基础。在听力练习中，如果听出了单词的读音，却不知道含义，这样的失分是非常可惜的。