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研究生英语入学统一考试试题

2020年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）

Part B

Directions:

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

[A] Eye fixations are brief

[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude

[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal

[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact

[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated

[F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers

[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive

In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way. But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor during a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility. Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact:

41. ________

We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In adulthood, looking at someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room. "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.

42.________

Neuroscientist Bonnie Auyeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer during a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond during direct gaze are being explored by other researches,

using advanced methods of brain scanning.

43.________

With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages, depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you're a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you're trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.

44.________

When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.

45.________

In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance, according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues. "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored highly for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.

2016年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）

Part B

Directions:

[A] Create a new image of yourself

[B] Have confidence in yourself

[C] Decide if the time is right

[D] Understand the context

[E] Work with professionals

[F] Make it efficient

[G] Know your goals

No matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.

The difference between today's workplace and the "dress for success" era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.

So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what's the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals? Here are some tips:

41. ________

As an executive coach, I've seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions — when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you're in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you're not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there's no need for an upgrade and that's OK.

42. ________

Get clear on what impact you're hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to

advertising, maybe they want to look more "SoHo." (It's OK to use characterizations like that.)

43. ________

Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.

44. ________

Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It's not as expensive as you might think.

45. ________

The point of a style upgrade isn't to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.

2007年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）

Part B

Directions:

You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the list A-G that best fits the meaning of each numbered part of the text (41 -45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There are two exact headings that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

[A] Set a Good Example for Your Kids

[B] Build Your Kids' Work Skills

[C] Place Time Limits on Leisure Activities

[D] Talk about the Future on a Regular Basis

[E] Help Kids Develop Coping Strategies

[F] Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They Are

[G] Build Your Kids' Sense of Responsibility

How Can a Parent Help?

Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for their kids. Even if a job' s starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adult's need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move. Here are a few measures, drawn from my book Ready or Not, Here Life Comes, that parents can take to prevent what I call "work-life unreadiness":

41. ________

You can start this process when they are 11 or 12. Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating. Also, identify the kinds of interests they keep coming back to, as these offer clues to the careers that will fit them best. 42. ________

Kids need a range of authentic role models — as opposed to members of their clique, pop stars and vaunted athletes. Have regular dinner-table discussions about people the family knows and how they got where they are. Discuss the joys and downsides of your own career and encourage your kids to form some ideas about their own future. When asked what they want to do, they should be discouraged from saying "I have no idea." They can change their minds 200 times, but having only a foggy view of the future is of little good.

43. ________

Teachers are responsible for teaching kids how to learn; parents should be responsible for teaching them how to work. Assign responsibilities around the house and make sure homework deadlines are met. Encourage teenagers to take a part-time job. Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.

44. ________

Playing video games encourages immediate content. And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long

stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors. All these activities can prevent the growth of important communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs.

45. ________

They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically. Discussions at home can help kids practice doing these things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.

What about the son or daughter who is grown but seems to be struggling and wandering aimlessly through early adulthood? Parents still have a major role to play, but now it is more delicate. They have to be careful not to come across as disappointed in their child. They should exhibit strong interest and respect for whatever currently interests their fledging adult (as naive or ill-conceived as it may seem) while becoming a partner in exploring options for the future. Most of all, these new adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family that appreciates them.

研究生入学统一考试-研究生入学统一考试试题及答案(英语一)(4)

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2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题

2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题 1、John suggest _____ anything about it until they found out more facts. [单选题] * A not to say B. not say C to say not D not saying(正确答案) 2、—Excuse me, how long does it ______ to walk to the library? —About 15 minutes, I’m afraid.（）[单选题] * A. take(正确答案) B. spend C. cost D. pay 3、As for the quality of this model of color TV sets, the ones made in Chine are by no means _____ those imported. [单选题] * A inferior than B less inferior to C less inferior than D. inferior to(正确答案)

4、Could you tell me _____ to fly from Chicago to New York? [单选题] * A.it costs how much B. how much does it cost C. how much costs it D.how much it costs(正确答案) 5、He doesn’t feel well. He has a _______ nose. [单选题] * A. runing B. raining C. runny(正确答案) D. rainy 6、My sister _______ listen to music when she was doing her homework．[单选题] * A. used to(正确答案) B. use to C. is used to D. uses to 7、Her ideas sound right, but _____ I'm not completely sure. [单选题] *

研究生英语入学统一考试试题

2020年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一） Part B Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) [A] Eye fixations are brief [B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude [C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal [D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact [E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers [G] Eye contact can also be aggressive In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way. But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor during a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility. Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: 41. ________ We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In adulthood, looking at someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room. "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore. 42.________ Neuroscientist Bonnie Auyeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer during a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond during direct gaze are being explored by other researches,

2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)真题+解析答案

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绝密★启用前 2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）（科目代码201）考生注意事项 1.答题前，考生必须在试题册指定位置上填写考生姓名和考生编号；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。 2.考生须把试题册上的试卷条形码粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。 3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。 4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔或者钢笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。 5.考试结束后，将答题卡和试题册按规定一并交回，不可带出考场。考生姓名：__________________ 考生编号：

Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C], or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Caravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas including China, North Africa and the Middle East. They were typically __1__ outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments of __2__. This word “Caravanserais” is a __3__ of the Persian word “karvan”, which means a group of travellers or a caravan, and seray, a palace or enclosed building. The Perm caravan was used to __4__ groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons, __5__ merchants, travellers or pilgrims. From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes become more developed, the __6__ of the Caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night. Travellers on the Silk Road __7__ possibility of being attacked by thieves or being __8__ to extreme conditions. For this reason, Caravanserais were strategically placed __9__ they could be reached in a day’s travel time. Caravanserais served as an informal __10__ point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road. __11__, those structures became important centers for culture __12__ and interaction, with travelers sharing their cultures, ideas and beliefs, __13__ talking knowledge with them, greatly __14__ the development of several civilizations. Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and __15__ in the trade of goods along the Silk Road. __16__, it was frequently the first stop merchants looking to sell their wares and __17__ supplies for their own journeys. It is __18__ that around 120,000 to 15,000 caravanserais were built along the Silk Road, __19__ only about 3,000 are known to remain today, many of which are in __20__.

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2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案一

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46）物理学中，有一种方法将这种追求一致性的想法推向了极端，并试图找到一种适合宇宙万物的理论，即找到一个放之四海而皆准的方程式。然而，不甚清楚的是就其所涵盖的方面和领域而言，这种单一理论过于简单化。尽管如此，追求多样性的统一依然是一个主要目标。自然科学的这种趋势在社会科学领域早已显而易见。47）在社会科学中，达尔文主义似乎也提供了正确的解释，因为所有人类都有共同的起源；这样似乎就有理由假设，文化差异亦可追溯到更为一致的开端。正如各种令人眼花缭乱的人类求偶仪式可能都被认为是性选择，也许世界上的语言、音乐、社会和宗教习俗，甚至历史的形式均具有普遍特征。48）从共性中找出个性也许能使我们理解，复杂的文化行为是如何产生的，是什么在进化或认知方面指导着这种文化行为。那至少是希望。但是，今日网上公布的一项语言特征的比较研究提供了一个现实的检测。奥克兰大学的罗素·格雷（Russell Gray）和他的同事根据前人所做的两次试图发现语言普遍性的研究来考量语法的演变。 1 为寻求语言普遍性而做出努力的人当中最著名的当属乔姆斯基，他认为人类与生俱来掌握一种内在语言，这一习得能力说明存在着一种普遍语法，一些生成规则便可揭示某种语言的整个基本结构，这结构能够说明为什么孩童能很快掌握某种语言。

2023 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研英语(一)真题

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