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七年级英语语法聚焦

七年级英语语法聚焦
七年级英语语法聚焦

七年级下册语法要点

(一)动词&短语

1、live in居住在某地

2、like+名词复数,表示喜欢某一类事物

+doing表示长期爱好…

+to do sth表示偶尔喜欢做某事

enjoy 喜欢dislike不喜欢,用法同like

enjoy oneself=have a good time/have fun玩得高兴

3、①talk about/of sth.谈论某事(强调谈论什么事情)

talk with sb.与某人交谈(强调两方都在说)

talk to sb.与某人交谈(强调一方讲,另一方听)

talk on…通过…交谈

② speak+语言

speak to请某人接电话

③tell sb. sth.(sb.要用宾格形式)

tell a story/joke.讲故事/笑话

tell sb. to do …告诉某人做某事

tell sb. not to do …告诉某人不要做…

④say说,诉说。接所说的内容

4、have某人拥有某物,主语是人,单三式为has

there be某处有某人/物,根据be后第一个名词确定用is/are. “就近原则”

结构:There be + 某物/ 人 + 某处

5、write to sb.给某人写信

6、can能,会+动词原形,无人称和数的变化

7、keep quiet保持安静,be quiet安静

祈使句通常有V(动词原形开头)型、B(Be动词开头)型、L(Let开头)型、D(祈使句的否定形式,Don’t开头)型。

8、be busy with/at…忙于…

(in) doing…忙于做…

12、arrive in+大地点到达 here这儿,there那儿,home家,前不加介词 at+小地点

13、let sb. do sth.让某人做某事,可回答:OK./All right./Yes, let’s…

17、take a taxi表示动作,作谓语 = go to … by taxi.

by taxi表示方式,作状语

20、look at看…(强调动作)

see强调结果

watch注意看得某种动作

read 读书、看报用这个词

22、job,可数名词,指特定的工作,

work,不可数名词,动词,工作,work hard努力工作

23、play with sb./ sth.与某人玩/玩…东西

24、want to be想成为…,想当…

want相当于would like,常用于want sth

want to do sth. 想做某事

want sb. to do sth. 想让某人去做某事

25、give给,后常跟双宾语,give sb. sth=give sth. to sb.

buy sb. sth. =buy sth. for sb.

26、wear强调穿得状态 put on穿上,戴上,强调动作

27、get…from…从…处取得…

28、teach+sb.(宾格)+功课,教某人…功课

teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事

31、That sounds good听起来好

32、wait for sb./sth.等候某人或某物

33、be with sb.和某人在一起

34、Thanks for=Thank you for因…而感谢…+名词/代词/动词-ing

36、take a photo/take photos(pictures)拍照

37、look at,see, watch, hear, feel都是感官动词,常+复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)

宾语补足语 to do sth.强调动作经常发生

doing强调动作正在进行

(二)名词、介词、形容词&副词

4、at the age of+数词,在…岁的时候

5、and连接词性一致的词/短语,表明两个动作的并列关系

or连接两个并列关系的否定句

6、too太/也,常用在肯定句和疑问句,一般用于句尾

either常用在否定句中,“也(不)”

also常用于实意动词之前,系动词、助动词、情态动词后

7、across from在…的对面

8、between…and…在…和…两者之间

9、in front of在…前面(范围之外)

10、behind在…后面

11、in the neighborhood在附近

12、at the beginning of…的开始

13、on the left/on the right在左/右边

on the left of/on the right of在…的左/右边

14、Turn left/right at…在…左/右转

Go down/along/up this street沿着这条街往前走

15、Fifth Avenue专有名词,首字母大写,不用加the

序数词前一般带the,如果前面有物主代词/名词所有格时,或本身是专有名词(首字

母大写)时,不加the

16、kind of有点=a little,

a kind of…一种…

all kinds of…各种各样的…

17、感兴趣的interesting主语是事/物,指某事/物本身有兴趣;

interested主语是人,多用于be interested in…

令人兴奋的exciting用来修饰事/物

excited用来修饰人

轻松的relaxing主语是事物

relaxed主语是人

令人惊讶的surprising主语是事物

surprised主语是人,be surprised at+名词/that从句

23、形容词friendly友好的

17、other形容词,“其他的,另外的”放在被修饰名词前

one…the other..

some…others…一些…另一些…

18、during/in the day在白天

32、newspaper可数名词,news不可数(做主语时,谓语用单数)

33、police集合名词,作主语,谓语动词用复数

people作主语,谓语动词用复数

a group of一组+可数名词复数,作主语时谓语动词用复数

42、family家庭,家人,做主语时,若看作整体,谓语动词用单数;表示家庭成员时用复数。 The + 姓氏s 表示…一家人。

43、a photo of my family介词短语作定语,这种定语叫做后置定语,用来修饰前面的a photo of短语作定语:①表示所属关系,与前面的名词有所属关系,如上句

②表示名词所反映的内容,如a map of China

44、有关天气的名词变形容词:①一般+y

rain,n/v雨/下雨—rainy有雨的

(不可数,有时可数,加a表示“一团,一阵”) snow,n/v雪/下雪—snowy,adj有雪的

wind风—windy有风的

cloud(s)云—cloudy多云的

②sun太阳—sunny晴朗的

fog雾—foggy有雾的

③ice冰—icy结冰的

50、everyone每人,作主语时,谓语动词用单数

nobody没人,作主语时,谓语动词用单数

(三)句型&时态

1、be from=come from

Where is your pen pal from?—He is from Australia.

Where does your pen pal come from?—He comes from Australia.

2、选择疑问句结构:一般疑问句+or+被选择部分?

不能用Yes/No回答,而是直接回答。

3、特殊疑问句的结构:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?(be动词/助动词+主语+其他=时间、地点、方式…)其中用be动词还是助动词引导一般疑问句主要看后面有没有实意动词,有用助动词,没有用be动词。

3、一般现在时态

(1)什么样的主语是第三人称单数(单三):符合两个条件:1)单数2)不是I和you (2)主语是单三,谓语动词用单三式(be动词/助动词/实意动词)

(3)单三式的变化:①一般+s(清读清/s/,浊读浊,元音后面还读浊/z/)

②以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾+es(读作/iz/)

③以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为ie+s

④以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为ve+s

4、现在进行时

①意义:1)表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,

2)也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作

②常用状语:now,at the moment,these days

③常与look,listen连用

④表示移动方向的动词,如come,go,leave,arrive可表示不久将要发生的动作。

⑤表示感觉/状态的动词一般不用现在进行时,如love,like,hate,prefer,see,hear,know,want,need,sound…

⑥构成:be+动词-ing形式,be根据主语的人称或数来决定

⑦肯定句:主语+be+动词-ing+其他.

变否定,很容易,be后not加上去

变疑问,往前提,回答Yes,主+be./No,主+be not.

特殊问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(be+主语+现在分词+其他)

⑧现在分词的构成:1)一般+ing

2)不发音的e结尾,去e再+ing

3)福音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再+ing 4)ie结尾,变ie为y,再+ing,如lie—lying

⑨没有进行时态的动词:1)表示状态的动词be

2)表示感官的动词look,see,hear,smell,sound,taste… 3)表示拥有的动词have/has

4)表示心理状态的动词want,know,think,hope…

5)表示继续或持续含义的动词或动词短语keep,last,go on… 6)表示喜欢、厌恶的动词like,love,hate…

一般现在时和现在进行时的区别:

一般现在时现在进行时

①意义:表示经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态①表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作

也表示说话者的能力及子让现象也表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作

②构成方式(谓语动词)1)be(am/is/are)②am/is/are+ving(现在分词)

2)行为动词(原形/单三式)

③时间状语always,usually,often,sometimes, ③now,these days,at the moment,

never,everyday,on Sundays,in the morning/ Look!Listen!It’s+时刻

afternoon/evening

5、 There is/are +人+地点介词短语

There be Is/Are there…

There is/are not…

6、be动词的用法:I用am,you用are,is连着他(he)她(she)它(it),单数is,复数are,变否定,很容易,be后not加上去,变疑问,往前提,句尾问号莫丢弃,还有一条需注意,句首大写莫忘记。

7、if条件状语从句,时态用一般现在时态。

8、Why问原因,常用because回答,Why+一般疑问句

11、Isn’t he cute?否定疑问句,表示反问,“难道不…吗?”形式上是否定,实际表示肯定的意义,含有惊奇、赞许和责备之意,答语用Yes,+肯定/否定的省略句,Yes,常译作“不”,而No则译成“是的”

13、What+do/does+sb.+do?询问职业常用句型=What+be+主语?=What+be+sb’s+job?

Where+do/does+sb.+work?询问某人在哪里工作

14、What什么,常指物。可与名词连用,做主语时,常按第三人称单数对待,语序为陈述语序。

15、Here are some of my photos.倒装句=Some of my photos are here.

here,there开头的句子一般用倒装语序,系动词用is/are取决于后面的名词是单数还是复数。

16、How’s it going?近况如何?=How is everything going?

常用回答:Great.非常好。Pretty good!相当好!Not bad!不错!Terrible!糟透了!Just so so!一般一般!

How’s it going with sb.?询问某人的情况。

17、打电话时常用This is…?表示“我是…”回答

2018-2019最新外研版七年级英语上册语法专题复习

外研版七年级英语(上)语法专题复习 一、一般现在时: 概念: 1.现在的状态,经常或习惯性的动作。 2.主语所具的性格和能力。 3.客观真理。 常用的时间状语:often(经常),usually(通常),sometimes(有时),always(总是),never(从不),on Sundays(在星期天),every day/month/year(每一天/月/年) 句型结构: (一)主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态(包括There be +n.) 巩固练习 1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom. 2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here. 3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate. 4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six. 5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be). 6. ____ her parents tall? No, they____. (二)主语(非第三人称单数)+行为动词原形+其他(用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问)

主语(第三人称单数)+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他(用-助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句)行为动词第三人称单数的构成 1.在词尾加-s:speak-speaks, work-works 2.以“辅音+y”结尾,把y改为i,再加-es:study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾,加-es:watch-watches teach-teaches 特殊情况:have-has do-does go—goes 巩固练习 .1.His parents _______(watch) TV every night. My brother _________(do) homework every day. 2.His parents _________(not watch) every night . My brother________(not do)homework every day. 3._____his parents_____(watch) TV every night ? ______ your brother _____ (do)homework every day? 4.He ____(have) two sisters. 5.Peter____(study) hard. 二.现在进行时: 表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。 常用的时间状语: now(现在),listen(看),look(听) at the moment(此刻), at this time(这个时候)。 结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(v-ing)

最新七年级英语语法汇总

一、不定式和动名词: 1、省略了to的不定式:(助动词后面加动词原形) have sb. do sth. let sb.do sth. make sb. do sth. help sb. do sth./help sb. with sth. can/may/have to/must do sth. see sb do sth (看见某人做某事,看见全过程,类似的还有:hear sb do sth , watch sb.do sth , find sb. do sth., notice sb. do sth等) 2、带to的不定式: want to do sth. want sb. to do sth. ask sb. to do sth. decide to do sth would like to do sth. hope to do sth. like to do sth(一般指一次性的行为)love to do sth. remember to do sth(记得去做某事,此事还未做)stop to do sth(停下来去做某事,此事是即将要做的事) 3、带to的不定式可以作后置定语,如:something to eat(吃的东西) 4、不定式表目的:如To save class time, our teacher has us do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. 为了节约课堂时间,我们的老师要求我们在课堂上做一半练习,剩下的一半在课后作为家庭作业完成。 注意:for也可表目的,但for后面加名词或动名词,如I buy it for you. 5、动名词:(介词后面加名词或动名词) have fun doing sth. practice doing sth. enjoy doing sth. what/how about doing sth. be busy doing sth. spend time doing sth. be good at doing sth.(be good at sth.) like doing sth(经常性的行为,习惯爱好) remember doing sth(记得做过某事,此事已经做了)stop doing sth(停止做某事,此事是要停止的) see sb doing sth(看见某人正在做某事,类似的有:hear sb doing sth , watch sb.doing sth , find sb. doing sth., notice sb. doing sth) No talking(与之类似的:No swimming , No smoking等)thanks for doing sth. 二、冠词 不定冠词:a , an 可数名词前可以加a 或an。以元音(不是元音字母)开头的名词前加an,以辅音开头的名词前加a 如:a uniform an hour There is a “u” and an “n” in the word. 定冠词:the,有指定性的名词前加the,前文出现过再次出现时前面也加the 注意:物主代词后面不加冠词(my home);某些名词前不加冠词(如国家,城市,有名字的街道,三餐,具体的年份和月份等);球类运动前不加the,而乐器前要加the。 含冠词的短语:on weekends 和on the weekend,take a bus/taxi/walk,take a photo和take photos,go to a movie和go to the movies,have a look,have a walk,have a rest,have a good time,in the neighborhood等。 三、介词(后加名词或动名词,还可组成固定短语。但注意:home , here , there ,today, tomorrow, yesterday等词除固定短语外前面不加介词;由this, that ,these, those,each, any, every, some, all等用于表示时间概念的名词前往往不加介词。) 1、介词in 表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如:in the morning 表示“在……里面”the window is in the wall , I sit in the chair. He is in the red shirt. The bird is in the tree. 表示“排、行、组,前、后”,如:We are in Team One. in front of(在前面),in the front of (在前部) 表示较大的地方,如大城市、国家、洲等,如:He lives in Beijing. arrive in Yueyang 表示“包含”如:Beijing is in the north of China. 表示“用材料、语言”如:Can you say it in English? What’s this in English? 2、介词on 用来表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的某一天。如:on a rainy day 表示一物放在另一物上面,两者紧贴在一起,如:The book is on the table. The apple is on the tree.(树的一部分) 在…队里用on,如:on the basketball team 表示“左、右”,如:Li Ping is on my left. 用于路名,如:He lives on Nanjing Road. 表示“紧邻”如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S. 3、介词at 表示特定的时间、节日、年龄等(具体的,小的时间)。如:at noon , at 6 am 表示较小的地方,如家、村、乡村等,如:He lives at a small village. 用于门牌号,如:He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road. 4、介词for 表示“当作、作为”。如: I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”。如: Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。

七年级英语语法专题

Like hamburger tomato broccoli French fries ice cream salad strawberry pear Fruit egg apple orange banana breakfast lunch dinner runner carrot chicken eat star healthy Food dessert list lots of like to do sth like doing sth. 语法 A.表达喜欢和不喜欢 重要句型 1.--------Do you like salad? ---------No, I don't./ Yes, I don't. 2.--------Does he like strawberries? ---------No, he doesn't/ Yes, he does. 3.---------Do they like French fries? -----------yes, they do./ No, they doesn't. 4, I like orange. 5.They like salad. 6.She likes ice cream. 专项练习 二、句型转换 8.I like apples. (改疑问句) Do you ______apples? 9.He likes bananas. (改否定句) He ______ ______ bananas. 10.Do they like salad ?( 改肯定句) They______ salad. 11.Does she like eggs? (否定回答)No. She _____. (肯定句) She _______eggs. 12.There are many books in the drawer.(同义句) There are _____ _______ books in the drawer. 6.my, egg, every , day, an , breakfast, has, for , uncle. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 一、They all like _______(bread), they _________(not like) rice. 二、She has _______(vegetable) and fruit for supper? 三、Do you like _________ (orange)? 四、_______he _______ (have) hamburgers for lunch? 五、There are four Americans and ten _______ (Chinese) in his class. 六、Julia has a lot of _______ (friend) at school 七、Look! Some chicken ______ on the plate(盘子), and some apples _______next to plate.(be) 八、Sandra is a _____ (run)star. 2.按要求完成下列各词 2.Watch (复数)___________ 2.relax (形容词)___________ 3,free (反义词)___________ 4 .teach (名词)_____________ A.do(第三人称)___________ 6.friend (复数)____________ 7.run (名词) _____________ 8.I (所有格)_______________

七年级英语语法专项训练习题

精心整理 七年级英语语法专项训练习题 1.形容词的用法: 高矮、 吗? 人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语,是作动词或介词的宾语。 主格:I,we,you,he,she,it,they 在句子中作主语

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