英语高考
1. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _____ voice.
A. a better
B. a best
C. the better
D. the best
【陷阱】容易误选D，认为最高级前要用定冠词。
【分析】其实此题最佳答案为A，该句可视为...I have never heard a better voice than her voice 之省略，全句句意为"她唱得多好啊！我从未听过她这么好的声音"。请再看以下类似的实例：He is fine, never better. 他很好，比以往任何时候都好。
This bird is really lovely. I've never seen a finer one. 这只鸟真可爱，我从未见过这样好看的鸟。比较以下试题，情形也大致相同：
(1) "I've never found a better job." "_______."
A. I don't think so
B. Too bad
C. Congratulations
D. Don't worry
答案选C，I've never found a better job可视为I've never found a better job than this job 之省略，句意为：我从来没有找到比这份工作更好的工作，即这是我所找到的最好的工作。
(2) "What do you think of the service here?" "Oh, ______. We couldn't have found a better place."
A. too bad
B. sorry
C. wonderful
D. impossible
答案选C。We couldn't have found a better place 可视为We couldn't have found a better place than this place，其意为"我们不可能找到一个比这个地方更好的地方"，即"这是我们所能找到
的最好的地方"。
(3) Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _____ IQ.
A. a high
B. a higher
C. the higher
D. the highest
答案选B，句意为"……我怀疑班上有没有哪个人比他智商更高"，即"我认为他可能是班上
智商最高的"。
(4) . How cold it is! We've never had ______ this winter.
A. the colder day
B. a cold day
C. the coldest day
D. a colder day
答案选D。句意为"今年冬天我们还从未遇上过这样冷的日子"。
2. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is _____ known for his plays.
A. the best
B. more
C. better
D. the most
【陷阱】容易误选D。
【分析】此题首先不宜选B或D，因为well known 的比较级和最高级通常是better known 和best known，有时也可以是more well known 和most well known，但通常不能是more known 和most known。至于是选A还是C，这就要看语境。由于句中涉及的只有stories 和plays 两个对象，故应选比较级。
3. Y ou are _____ careful than your brother. Y ou two can't do the work that needs care and skill.
A. not more
B. no more
C. not less
D. no less
【陷阱】容易误选A。
【分析】要做对此题，首先要正确理解以下结构的含义：
not more ... than = 不如……
no more ... than = 和……一样不(否定两者)
not less ... than = 不如……不(即指不如less 后形容词的反面)
no less ... than = 和……一样(肯定两者)
比较以下各句的意思：
Y ou are more careful than he is. 你比他仔细。
Y ou are not more careful than he is. 你不如他仔细。
Y ou are no more careful than he is. 你和他一样不仔细。
Y ou are less careful than he is. 你不如他仔细（你比他粗心）。
Y ou are not less careful than he is. 你比他仔细（你不如他粗心）。
Y ou are no less careful than he is. 你和他一样仔细。
通过以上分析，再结合句子语境，可知此题最佳答案为B。
4. "Oh, how fat he is!" "But I think he is ____ than fat."
A. short
B. shorter
C. more short
D. shortest
【陷阱】容易误选B。认为short为单音节形容词，故用-er构成比较级。
【分析】其实正确答案应是C。要弄清此问题，得先从比较句型的两种不同类型说起：(1) 异类同质比较：即指两个不同的人或事物(异类)在同一方面(同质)进行比较。如：
My room is smaller than yours. 我的房间比你的小。
Our country is more powerful than theirs. 我们的国家比他们的国家更强大。
(2) 同类异质比较：即指同一个人或事物(同类)在两个不同的方面(异质)进行比较，这类句子常译为"(更多的)是……，而不是"、"与其……不如……"等。如：
He was more lucky than clever.他是靠运气而不是靠聪明。
She was more surprised than angry. 她感到更多的是惊讶而不是生气。
This is more a war movie than a western. 这更应当说是一部战争片，而不是西部片。
按英语习惯，在进行同类异质比较时，只能用more构成比较级，不能用-er形式，即使是单音节词也是如此。
1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.
A. will show
B. would show
C. am going to show
D. am showing
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】正确答案选B.根据上文的语境可知句中的or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即or=if I didn't forget where I read the article（要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了）。
2. "It looks as if he were drunk." "So it does. _____."
A. He'd better give up drinking
B. He shouldn't have drunk so much
C. Health is more important than drink
D. I wonder why he is always doing so
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中drunk 一词的影响。
【分析】最佳答案为D.关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，"他喝醉了"不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答
案是D.
3. "Mary looks hot and dry." "So _____ you if you had so high a fever."
A. do
B. are
C. will
D. would
【陷阱】容易误选A或C.选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致；选C者，认为其后带有if 条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D.分析如下：
（1）"so + 助动词+ 主语"是一个很有用的结构，它表示"......也一样"时。如：
He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜欢看电视，我也一样。
When animals and plants disappear, so will man.当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失。（2）由于空格后的if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气（这是很重要的信息），所以主句要用would 而不用will，即答案应选D.
4. "He will come tomorrow." "But I'd rather he _____ the day after tomorrow."
A. will come
B. is coming
C. came
D. had come
【陷阱】容易误选A或B.根据上文的He will come tomorrow 以及下文的时间状语the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白处应填一个一般将来时态。
【分析】但此题的最佳答案是 C.按照英语习惯，would rather 后接that 从句时，从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气，即用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。又如：
I'd rather you left right now. 我宁愿你现在就离开。
I would much rather it was forgotten. 我更愿这事被遗忘掉。
I'd rather he hadn't told me about it. 我宁愿他没告诉我这事。
请再做以下试题（答案均为B）：
（1）"Shall I come tomorrow?" "I'd rather you ______."
A. won't
B. didn't
C. don't
D. wouldn't
（2）"I've told him about it." "But I'd rather you ______."
A. didn't
B. hadn't
C. don't
D. wouldn't
（3）"He will take you as well." "But I'd rather he ______."
A. won't
B. didn't
C. doesn't
D. wouldn't
5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
A. should be; be operated on
B. were; must be operated on
C. was; should be operated
D. was; be operated on
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 D.insist后的从句谓语有时用"should+动词原形"这样的虚拟语气，有时不用，具体要看该谓语动词所表示的含义。一般说来，若该谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，
则要用陈述语气。分析上题的句意，可知只有选C最合适。请做以下类似试题（答案选B）：（1）The patient insisted that he _______ ill and _______ to the hospital.
A. wasn't, wasn't sent
B. wasn't, shouldn't be sent
C. shouldn't be, wasn't sent
D. shouldn't be, shouldn't be sent
（2）The man in prison insisted that he _______ nothing wrong and _______ set free.
A. should do, should be
B. had done, should be
C. had done, had been
D. should do, had been
（3）I advised that he ______ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ______ quite well then.
A. was sent; felt
B. be sent; was feeling
C. he sent; feel
D. should be sent; should feel
6. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.
A. Was he given up
B. Had he given up
C. Did he give
D. If he gave up
【陷阱】容易误选 D.
【分析】正确答案应选B.之所以不能选D，是因为时态前后有矛盾。由于主句谓语是would not have got，这表明是对过去事实作出的假设，所以从句谓语应该是had given up，而不是像D项那样用一般过去时。另外，当虚拟条件句中有had, should, were 等词时，通常可以省略if，并将had, should, were 提前置于句首。又如：
Were they to cease advertising, prices would come down. = If they were to cease advertising, prices would come down. 如果他们停止做广告，价钱会降下来。
Had I been there, I would have filmed the occasion. = If I had been there, I would have filmed the occasion. 如果我在那里，我会把那场面拍摄下来了。
1. "I _____ his telephone number." "I have his number, but I ____ to bring my phone book."
A. forget, forget
B. forgot, forgot
C. forget, forgot
D. forgot, forget
【陷阱】容易误选A，认为"忘记"是现在的事。
【分析】仔细体会一下对话的语境：第一个人说"我忘记他的电话号码了"，这个"忘记"应该是现在的情况，即现在忘记了，要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了，故第一空应填forget；第二个人说"我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了"，这个"忘记"应该是过去的情况，即过去忘记带电话本，所以现在电话本不在身上（注意句中的转折连词but），故第二空应填forgot，即答案选应C.请再看一例：
- Oh, I ______ where he lives.
- Don't you carry your address book?
No, I ______ to bring it.
A. forget, forget
B. forgot, forgot
C. forget, forgot
D. forgot, forget
答案选C，理由同上。
2. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____ too busy.
A. was
B. had been
C. would be
D. would have been
【陷阱】容易误选B或D，认为前句用了had hoped，所以此句谓语要用B或D与之呼应。
【分析】但正确答案为A，前一句谓语用had hoped，表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算，可以译为"本想"，而后一句说"我太忙"，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用一般过去时。请做以下类似试题（答案均为A）：
（1）We had hoped to catch the 10：20 train, but _____ it was gone.
A. found
B. had found
C. would find
D. would have found
（2）We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _____.
A. didn't
B. hadn't
C. needn't
D. would not have
（3）We had wanted to come to see him, but we ____ no time.
A. had
B. had had
C. would have
D. would have had
（4）I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone ______ and I couldn't get away.
A. called
B. had called
C. would call
D. would have called
（5）The traffic accident wouldn't have happened yesterday, but the driver _______ really careless.
A. was
B. is
C. were
D. had been
3. Dear me! Just _____ at the time! I _____ no idea it was so late.
A. look, have
B. looking, had
C. look, had
D. looking, have
【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为第一空用现在分词表伴随，第二空填have 的一般现在时，以保持与前面时态的一致性。
【分析】其实，此题应选C，第一空应填look, 因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空应填had，因为前一句说"看看时间吧"，这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形，"不知道这么迟了"显然应是"过去"的事，故应用一般过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。
4. "Y our phone number again? I _____ quite catch it." "It's 4331577."
A. didn't
B. couldn't
C. don't
D. can't
【陷阱】此题容易误选C，认为此处要用一般现在时态，表示现在"没听清对方的话"。
【分析】其实，此题答案应选A，根据上文的语境"请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗？"可知"没听清对方的电话号码"应是在说此话以前，故应用一般过去时态。请看以下类似试题：（1）"Mr Smith isn't coming tonight." "But he _____."
A. promises
B. promised
C. will promise
D. had promised
答案选B，"他答应（要来）"应发生在过去。
（2）"Hey, look where you are going!" "Oh, I'm terribly sorry. _____."
A. I'm not noticing
B. I wasn't noticing
C. I haven't noticed
D. I don't notice
答案选B，"我没注意"是对方提醒之前的事，现经对方一提醒，当然注意到了。
（3）"Oh it's you! I ________ you." "I've had my hair cut."
A. didn't realize
B. haven't realized
C. didn't recognize
D. don't recognized
答案选C."没认出是你"是说此话之前的事，说此话时显然已经认出了对方。
（4）"What's her new telephone number?" "Oh, I _____."
A. forget
B. forgot
C. had forgotten
D. am forgetting
此题应选A，从语境上看，"忘记"的时间应是现在，即指现在不记得了。
（5）"Since you've agreed to go, why aren't you getting ready?" "But I ______ that you would have me start at once."
A. don't realize
B. didn't realize
C. hadn't realized
D. haven't realized
答案选B."没意识到"是对方提醒之前的事。
（6）"It's twelve o'clock, I think I must be off now." "Oh, really? I ______ it at all."
A. don't realize
B. haven't realized
C. didn't realize
D. hadn't realized
答案选C."没意识到"是在听到的话之前的事。
5. Mr Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don't know whether he has finished it.
A. has written
B. wrote
C. had written
D. was writing
【陷阱】容易误选B或C.
【分析】此题应选D，这是由but I don't know whether he has finished it 这一句话的语境决定的，全句意为"史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了"。有的同学可能由于受last year的影响而误选B.但若选B，则句子前半部分的意思则变为"史密斯先生去年写了一本书"，既然是"写了"，那么这与下文的"但我不知道他现在是否写完了"相矛盾。
6. He has changed a lot. He _______ not what he _______.
A. is, is
B. was, was
C. is, was
D. was, is
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选C，上文说"他"变化很大，即"他"现在不是过去的那个样子了，故第一空填is，第二空填was（其实第二空也可用used to be）。请看类例：
"What place is it?" "Haven't you found out we _____ back where we ______?"
A. were, had been
B. have been, are
C. are, were
D. are, had been
答案选C，We are back where we were 的意思是"我们（现在）又回到刚才来过的地方"。
7. He is very busy. I don't know if he _____ or not tomorrow.
A. come
B. comes
C. will come
D. is coming
【陷阱】此题容易误选B.认为if 引导的是条件状语从句，从句谓语要用一般现在时表示将来意义。
【分析】其实，此题答案应选C，句中if引导的不是条件状语从句（即if≠如果），而是宾
语从句（即if＝是否），句意为"他很忙，我不知道明天他是否会来。"请看以下类似试题：（1）I don't know if she _____, but if she ____ I will let you know.
A. comes, comes
B. will come, will come
C. comes, will come
D. will come, comes
答案选D，第一个if 引导的是宾语从句，第二个if 引导的是条件状语从句。（2）"When _____ he come?" "I don't know, but when he _____, I'll tell you."
A. does, comes
B. will, will come
C. does, will come
D. will, comes
答案选D，第一个when 疑问副词，用于引出一个特殊疑问句；第二个when是从属连词，用于引导时间状语从句。
（3）"When he _____ is not known yet." "But when he ____, he will be warmly welcomed."
A. comes, comes
B. will come, will come
C. comes, will come
D. will come, comes
答案选D，第一个when 引导的是主语从句，第二个when引导的是时间状语从句。
8. The bridge, which _____ 1688, needs repairing.
A. is dated from
B. was dated from
C. dates from
D. dated from
【陷阱】此题容易误选B或D，认为句中用了1688 这个过去时间，所以应选过去时态，又因为date from 不用于被动语态，所以只能选D.
【分析】其实此题的最佳答案应是C，因为date from 的意思是"自某时起存在至今"（＝have existed since），它通常用于一般现在时，而不用过去时态（尽管其后接的总是表示过去的时间）。如：
The church dates from 1176. 这座教堂是六世纪建的。
The castle dates from the 14th century. 这座城堡是14世纪建的。
但若所谈论的东西现在已不复存在，则可用一般过去时。如：
The church, which dated from the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago. 那座教堂是13世纪建成的，两年前在一次地震中被毁了。
注：与date from 同义的date back to 也有类似用法。
9. "Y ou've left the light on." "Oh, so I have. _____ and turn it off."
A. I'll go
B. I've gone
C. I go
D. I'm going
【陷阱】容易误选D.
【分析】A和D两者均可表示将来，填入空格处似乎都可以。但实际上只有A是最佳的，因为根据上下文的语境来看，"我去把灯关掉"这一行为是说话人听了对方的话后临时想到的，而不是事先准备的。而按英语习惯：will 和be going to后接动词原形均可表示意图，但意图有强弱之分，如果是事先考虑过的意图，要用be going to；如果不是事先考虑过的，而是说话时刻才临时想到的意图，则用will.比较：
"I've come out without any money." "Never mind, I will lend you some.""我出来没带钱。""没关系，我借给你。"（句中用will lend，表示"借"钱给对方是临时想到的，即听了对方的话后临时作出的反应）
I've bought a typewriter and I'm going to learn to type. 我买了台打字机，我想学打字。（句中用be going to learn to type，表示说话人要学打字是事先准备的，并为此买了台打字机）
1. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.
A. it, it
B. what, what
C. it, what
D. what, it
【陷阱】很容易误选B，认为两空均考查形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，第一空填形式主语，真正的主语是其后的不定式to play with fire。第二空填what，what is difficult 是主语从句，注意what is difficult 后的谓语动词is。请做以下类似试题：
(1) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but _______ is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations.
A. it, it
B. what, what
C. it, what
D. what, it
(2) Y es, ______ is difficult to find a job nowadays, but _____ is more difficult is try to find such a job with a high salary but little things to do.
A. it, it
B. what, what
C. it, what
D. what, it
2. I dislike _______ when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind.
A. that
B. those
C. it
D. them
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案是C，因为在通常情况下，like 是及物动词，其后应有宾语(句中it 即为其宾语)。句中的when 从句不是宾语从句，而是时间状语从句，其中的when 的意思是“当……的时候”。其实，也有的词典将I don't like it when (if) …作为一个句型来处理。能这样用的动词不多，主要的有enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词。
She won't like it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。
He hates it when people use his bike. 他讨厌别人用他的自行车。
请做以下类似试题(答案均选it)：
(1) I hate _______ if people say such things in public.
A. that
B. those
C. it
D. them
(2) I'd prefer _______ if I didn't have to get up early on Sundays.
A. that
B. such
C. it
D. which
(3) I would appreciate _______ very much if you could give me some suggestions.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. you
3. I've no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn't ask who _______ was.
A. he
B. that
C. she
D. it
【陷阱】容易误选A或C。
【分析】最佳答案是D。it 用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明确的人，则不宜用it。比较：
(1) Mr Smith is at the door. _______ wants to see you.
(2) Someone is at the door. ________ must be Mr Smith.
A. He
B. It
C. This
D. That
第(1)题选A，因为来者身份明确；第(2)选B，因为来者身份不明确。
4. "Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I can't find a repair shop." "I know ________ nearby. Come on, I'll show you."
A. one
B. it
C. some
D. that
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】最佳答案是A。it 和one 的区别可简单地概括为：it = the + 名词，one = a + 名词。如：
I haven't got any pens, and I want to borrow one. 我没有钢笔，我想借一支。(one = a pen)
I have two pens, and I can lend one to you. 我有两本支钢笔，我可以借一支。(one = a pen)
I have a pen, and I can lend it to you. 我有一本钢笔，我可以把它借给你。(it = the pen)
在上面一题中，one 相当于one 相当于 a repair shop。请做下面一题（答案选A）：
There is only one English-Chinese dictionary in that book-shop. I wonder if you still want to buy _______.
A. it
B. one
C. another
D. any
5. Will you see to _______ that my children are taken good care of while I am away?
A. it
B. me
C. yourself
D. them
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案是A。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是空格后that引导的宾语从句。see to 意为“负责”、“注意”，其中的to 为介词，不宜直接跟that引导的宾语从句，遇此情况可借助代词it。请做下面两题，答案也是选it：
(1) I'll see to _______ that all these letters will be sent to the post before twelve.
A. it
B. me
C. which
D. them
(2) Will you see to _______ that the luggage is brought back as soon as possible?
A. me
B. yourself
C. it
D. them
类似以上see to 用法的短语还有depend on, answer for 等。如下面两题答案也选it：
(1) Y ou may depend on _______ that he will turn up in time.
A. it
B. me
C. which
D. them
(2) I can't answer for ________ that the boy is honest.
A. it
B. me
C. which
D. them
1. "May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?" "No, you can't go out _______ your work is being done."
A. before
B. until
C. as
D. the moment
【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为这是考查not...until...结构。
【分析】最佳答案选C。句中的your work is being done 表明"你正在做作业"，选as 表原因。
2. "I'm going to the post office." "_______ you're there, can you get me some stamps?"
A. As
B. While
C. Because
D. If
【陷阱】容易误选A。
【分析】最佳答案选B。尽管as 和while 均可用作从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示"当……的时候"，但两者有一个重要区别，就是这样用的as 从句的谓语不能是状态动词。当然，如果as 不是表示"当……的时候"，其谓语是完全可以用状态动词的。如：
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我很累了，所以很早就上床睡了。(此句中的as 表示原因，意为"因为"、"由于")
请做以下两题，答案均选while，不选as：
(1) _______ you are at home alone, please don't leave the door open.
A. While
B. As
C. Before
D. How
(2) _______ you are alone with her, tell her that you like her.
A. While
B. As
C. After
D. How
3. After the war, a new school building was put up ______ there had once been a theatre.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选D。where 在此引导地点状语从句，其意为"(在)……的地方"。请做以下类似试题(答案均选where)：
(1) The famous scientist grew up _______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
A. when
B. whenever
C. where
D. wherever
(2) She found her calculator _______ she lost it.
A. where
B. while
C. in which
D. that
(3) Y ou should make it a rule to leave things _______ you can find them again.
A. when
B. where
C. then
D. which
(4) When you read the book, you'd better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which
B. at where
C. the place where
D. where
(5) Y ou should let your children play ______ you can see them.
A. where
B. when
C. in which
D. that
(6) Now he works in the factory ______ his father used to work.
A. where
B. when
C. in which
D. that
4. They kept trying _____ they must have known it was hopeless.
A. if
B. because
C. when
D. where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选C。when 在此的意思不是"当……的时候"，而是"尽管"、"虽然"的意思。又如：
He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管他可以坐出租车，但他却走路。
He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了，但他却停止努力了。
The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully. 这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的，但他却坐立不安。
有许多同学只知道when 表示"当……的时候"，而不知道它还有其他许多意思，除上面提到的表示"尽管"、"虽然"外，when 还可表示"既然"、"考虑到"。请做下面的试题(答案选D)：Why do you want a new job ______ you've got such a good one already?
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. when
5. He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as
B. until
C. when
D. while
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选C。when 意为"这时(突然)"，主要用于某一动作突然发生于另一动作正在进行或刚要发生之时。此时的when 可以连用副词suddenly，也可以不连用它，但值得注意的是，同学们不能单独用suddenly 来代替when，如下面各题的答案选A，不选B：
(1) I was about to go out ______ the telephone rang.
A. when
B. suddenly
C. as soon as
D. directly
(2) We were swimming in the lake _______ the storm started.
A. when
B. suddenly
C. until
D. before
(3) She was walking down the road _______ she heard someone shouting for help.
A. when
B. suddenly
C. until
D. before
6. The fire went on for quite some time _______ it was brought under control.
A. when
B. since
C. after
D. before
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选D。before 意为"在……之前"，句意是"大火在得到控制之前燃烧了相当一段时间"。类似地，以下两题也选before：
(1) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _______ it got worse.
A. until
B. when
C. before
D. as
(2) Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ________ I could answer the phone.
A. as
B. since
C. until
D. before
(3) She is getting better by degrees, but it will be some time _____ she is completely well.
A. that
B. since
C. when
D. before
(4) They sat down opposite each other, but it was some moments ______ they spoke.
A. after
B. before
C. since
D. when
7. Mother asked me to take more money _______ something unexpected should happen.
A. in case
B. so that
C. in order that
D. when
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选A。in case 起连词作用，用以引导状语从句，主要有两种意思：一是表示条件，意为"如果"、"万一"；二是表示"目的"，意为"以防"、"免得"。如以下各题也都选in case：
(1) ________ I forget, please remind me about it.
A. In case
B. So that
C. In order that
D. When
(2) Take your umbrella just ________ it rains.
A. in case
B. so that
C. in order that
D. when
(3) Be quiet _______ you should wake the baby.
A. in case
B. so that
C. in order that
D. when
(4) Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.
A. in case
B. so that
C. in order that
D. when
(5). I'll keep his address _____ I need it.
A. so that
B. in order that
C. in case
D. when
8. _______ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.
A. Having checked
B. Check
C. If you check
D. To check
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，尤其可能误选A。
【分析】最佳答案选C。前面一个分句为条件状语从句，后面一个分句为主语。现分析几个干扰项：选项A和 D 均为非谓语动词，根据英语语法习惯，非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，而此句的some spelling mistakes 显然不能用作having checked
或to check 的逻辑主语，故不能选为答案；若选B，则两个句子之间缺少必要的连词，也不对。请做类似试题(答案均选C)：
(1) ________ more careful, the work might have been done better.
A. Being
B. Having been
C. If you had been
D. To have been
(2) _______ your diet, it is easy to reduce.
A. Watching
B. To be watching
C. If you watch
D. To have watched
(3) _______ a pair of compasses, it is easy to describe a circle.
A. Having
B. To have had
C. If you have
D. if having
(4) _______ for something, a receipt is given to you.
A. Paying
B. Having paid
C. When you have paid
D. To be paying
(5) _______ the sun rising slowly in the east, the scene is a perfect dream.
A. Seeing
B. To be seeing
C. When you see
D. Having seen
9. "Shall Mary come and play computer games?" "No, _______ she has finished her homework."
A. when
B. since
C. unless
D. as soon as
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选C。此句为省略句，答句句首的No 表明其后省略的是一个否定句，全句补充完整为：She can't play computer games unless she has finished her homework. 请做类似试题(答案均选B)：
(1) "Would you mind my sitting here with you?" "No, ______ you aren't too noisy."
A. when
B. if
C. unless
D. as soon as
(2) "Will he agree to come to join us in the work?" "No, _______ we promise him more money."
A. when
B. unless
C. unless
D. as soon as
(3) "Can you finish the work in time?" "No, _______ we don't sleep throughout the night."
10. "When did he leave the classroom?" "He left _______ you turned back to write on the blackboard."
A. the time
B. the moment
C. until
D. since
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选B。the moment 用作连词，意为"一……就……"，相当于as soon as。类似地，the minute, the instant 也可用作连词，表示"一……就……"的意思。如以下试题也选B：
(1)"Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?" "Y es, I gave it to her ________ I saw her."
A. while
B. the moment
C. suddenly
D. until
(2) The doorkeeper gave the alarm _______ he saw the smoke.
A. while
B. the instant
C. suddenly
D. before
(3) I raised the alarm _______ I saw the smoke.
A. while
B. the minute
C. suddenly
D. since
1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enter
B.to enter
C. entering
D.entered
【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could 就断定此处应填动词原形enter。
【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在could 后省略了动词do，若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。
值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题：
(4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope
B.hope
C. hoping
D.hoped
此题的答案是C不是A，其中的现在分词短语hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
(5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practise
B.to practise
C. practising
D.practised
此题答案选C，这与前面动词spent 的搭配有关，即spend ... (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral English.
A. improve
B.to improve
C. improving
D.to improving
此题答案选D，注意两点：一是devote ... to ... 是固定搭配，意为"把......贡献给......"；二是其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。
2. He knows nothing about it, so he can't help _______ any of your work.
A. doing
B.to do
C. being doing
D.to be done
【陷阱】容易误选A，根据can't help doing sth 这一结构推出。
【分析】其实答案应选B。比较以下结构：
can't help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事
can't help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事
又如下面一题，答案也是B：
She can't help ____ the house because she's busy making a cake.
A cleaningB.to clean
C. cleaned
D.being cleaned
再请看以下试题：
While shopping, people sometimes can't help _____ into buying something they don't really need.
A. to persuade
B.persuading
C. being persuaded
D.be persuaded
此题应选C，句中的can't help 意为"禁不住"（注意根据句意用被动形式）。
3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do
B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing
D. is devoted to doing
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：
(1) devote 意为"致力于，献身于"，主要用devote...to...或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。
(2) 选A错误：若将do 改为doing 则可以。
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。
(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。
(5) 选D错误：若单独看All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D将中的is 改为being也可选它。
请做以下类似题（答案均选A）：
(1) All the preparations for the project ______, we're ready to start.
A. completed
B. have been completed
C. had been completed
D. been completed
(2) Such _______ the case, I couldn't help but______ him.
A. being, support
B. was, support
C. has been, supporting
D. is, to support
比较以下各题，答案选B，因为句中使用了并列连词and：
(1) All the preparations for the project ______, and we're ready to start.
A. completed
B. have been completed
C. had been completed
D. been completed
(2) Such _______ the case, I couldn't help but______ him.
A. being, support
B. was, support
C. has been, supporting
D. is, to support
4. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.
A. not make
B. not to make
C. not making
D. do not make
【陷阱】容易误选C，受题干中的逗号的影响，认为是现在分词表结果的用法。
【分析】其实答案应选B，句中的逗号相当于连词and 或but，not to make it more difficult 是对逗号前的不定式to make life easier 的补充说明。此句的意思是"新技术的目的是为了使生
活变得更容易，而不是使生活变得更困难"。两个不定式同时用以说明句子主语purpose 的内容。请做以下类似试题（答案选B）：
The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _____ work for young people.
A. provide
B. to provide
C. providing
D. provided
5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back.
A. to be tied
B. being tied
C. tied
D. having tied
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】最佳答案为C。从意义上看，hands 与tie 的关系应属被动关系，故排除D。在A、B、C三个选项中，选项A比较容易排除，因为不定式表示将来意义，在此与语境不符。现将B和C作一比较：B为现在分词的被动式，它表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表进行，也就是说his hands being tied 的实际意思是"他的手正在被捆住"，这显然与语境不符。而C 为过去分词，它也表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表示动词的完成或完成后的状态，此句中的with his hands tied behind his back 可视为手被捆在背后的一种状态。由此可知最佳答案为C。请看下面一题：
Anyone ______ trying to take knives on heard flights would be caught by the police.
A. finds
B. found
C. being found
D. will find
答案选B而不选C，其中的过去分词表示被动和完成。
比较下面两题，最佳答案是D不是A，现在分词的被动式表示被动和进行：
(1) The court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welcome to see a case ______.
A. argued
B. to be argued
C. to be arguing
D. being argued
(2) The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough or by the sound of pages _______.
A. turned
B. having turned
C. to be turned
D. being turned
6. Remind me _______ the medicine tomorrow.
A. of taking
B. taking
C. to take
D. take
【陷阱】容易误选A。受remind sb of (doing) sth 这一常用结构的影响。
【分析】最佳答案为C。比较以下三个结构：
remind sb of [about] sth = 使某人想起某事
remind sb of doing sth = 提醒某人做过某事（暗示动作已发生）
remind sb to do sth = 提醒某人去做某事（暗示动作尚未发生）
请看两个例句：
I reminded him of his promise. 我提醒他做过的诺言。
My wife reminded me of seeing that film. 我妻子提醒我曾经看过那部电影。
Can you remind me to phone her tomorrow? 你明天能否提醒我给她打电话?
7. Once your business becomes international, _____ constantly will be part of your life.
A. you fly
B. your flight
C. flight
D. flying
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词constantly 的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词fly。但若选A，you fly 是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语will be 相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying在此用作主语。
8. Not only should you get used ______ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention ______ your work well.
A. to work, to do
B. to working, to doing
C. to work, to doing
D. to working, to do
【陷阱】容易误选A，认为两个空白处均应填不定式。
【分析】正确答案为B，因为get used to与pay attention to 这两个结构中的to均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的to 也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形：
look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事
object to doing sth反对做某事
stick to doing sth 坚持做某事
get down to doing sth 开始做某事
take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事
admit to doing 承认做了某事
pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事
devote one's time to doing sth 把某人的时间用于(奉献于)做某事
be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能胜任做某事
What do you say to doing sth 你认为做某事怎么样
9. Both of my parents insisted _______ a computer for me, but I don't think it is necessary.
A. to buy
B. buying
C. on buying
D. in buying
【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为insist后不能接不定式，但可以接动名词。
【分析】答案应选C。其实，动词insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词，因为insist 通常用作不及物动词；若语义上需接宾语，要借助介词on或upon，即用于insist on [upon] (doing) sth；但它有时的确也可用作及物动词，不过其宾语通常只能是that 从句，而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。如：
He insisted on seeing her home. 他坚持送她回家。
I insisted that he (should) stay. 我坚持要他留下。
10. "Do you have anything more ______, sir?" "No. Y ou can have a rest or do something else."
A. typing
B. to be typed
C. typed
D. to type
【陷阱】容易误选D，根据have sth to do 这一常用结构推出。
【分析】最佳答案是B。确实，在"have+宾语+不定式"结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主
动式表示被动含义，如I have some clothes to wash等，即尽管其中的some clothes 与其后的不定式to wash 具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如I have some clothes to wash 中的to wash 就是由该句主语I 来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，即其中的to type 这一动作不是由句子主语you来完成的，而是由说话者"我"来完成的。比较：
Are you going to Shanghai? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？
I'm going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。
11. She took her son, ran out of the house, _____ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctor's office.
A. put
B. to put
C. putting
D. having put
【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法。
【分析】正确答案选A。句中的took, ran, put, drove 为四并列的谓语动词，其时态应一致。类似地如(答案选A)：
I got out of the taxi, _____ the fare and dashed into the station.
A. paid
B. paying
C. to pay
D. having paid
但是，下面一题稍有不同：
Hearing the news, he rushed out, ______ the book ______ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open
B. leaving; lying open
C. leaving; lie opened
D. left; lay opened
此题答案选B，leaving 在此表结果，lying open 与其前的动词leave有关，leave 后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中。
12. The boss insisted that every minute ______ made full use of ______ the work well.
A. be, to do
B. was, doing
C. be, doing
D. was, to do
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。分析如下：
(1) 第一空填be，是因为insisted 后接that从句，从句谓语要用"should+动词原形"这样的虚拟语气，其中的should也可省略。
(2) 第二空要填to do，是因为此句谓语为被动语态，假若将此句转换成主动语态，则是...should make full use of every minute to do the work well, 句中涉及make use of ... to do sth (利用......做某事)这一结构。另外，还有make the most of (尽量利用)，make the best of (尽量利用)等短语也可能用于此类试题。请看以下类似例子：
(1) The old professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of ______ the power station.
A. to build
B. building
C. build
D. built
此题答案选A，不是B。为便于理解，可先考虑以下结构：
...make use of every part of the materials to build the power station
由此可见，make use of 的宾语是every part of the materials，其后的不定式to build the power station 为目的状语。
(2) Does the way you thought of _______ the water clean make any sense?
A. making
B. to make
C. how to make
D. having made
此题答案选B，不是A。句子主语是the way，you thought of 是修饰主语的定语从句，不定式to make the water clean 也是修饰主语的定语，也就是说，句子主语带有两个定语修饰语。
13. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.
A. carried out
B. carrying out
C. carry out
D. to carry out
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】答案选A。此句结构较复杂，现分析如下：
(1) that they would like to see _____ the next year 是修饰名词the plan 的定语从句。
(2) 由于the plan 与空格处的carry out 有被动关系，故填过去分词carried out。
请做以下类似试题：
(1) Who do you think you'd like _____ with you, a boy or a girl?
A. to have go
B. to have to go
C. to have gone
D. having to go
在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面这个句子：
I think I'd like to have a boy go with me.
句中的go 要用原形，这是因为其前有表示使役的动词have。在此句中，假若对名词a boy 提问，便可得出：
Who do you think you'd like to have go with you?
对照上面一题，答案很显然是A。
(2) Who did the boss _____ his car this time?
A. make wash
B. make to wash
C. make washing
D. making to wash
在做此题之前，也请先看看下面这个句子：
The boss made Jack wash his car this time.
假若对句中的名词Jack 提问，便可得出：
Who did the boss make wash his car this time?
由此可知上面题答案为A。
(3) Y ou can never imagine what great difficulty I had ______ your house all by myself.
A. found
B. finding
C. to find
D. for finding
此题答案选B。考查的基本结构是have great difficulty (in) doing sth。
14. How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last.
A. to has come
B. to have come
C. to having come
D. has come
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。大家知道，短语look forward to意为"盼望"，其中的to 是介
词，而不是不定式符号，所以后接动词要用动名词，许多同学据此便选择了C。但问题是，句中介词to 的宾语不是have come，而是the holiday。正解的句子分析是：the holiday为句
子主语，we have been looking forward to 是修饰主语的定语从句(介词to 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，被省略)，has come 是句子谓语。请做以下类似试题：
(1) The man you referred to _____ just now.
A. comes
B. come
C. coming
D. came
答案选D，句子主语为the man，you referred to 为修饰the man 的定语从句，空白处填came，为句子谓语。
(2) The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies.
A. proves
B. prove
C. proving
D. be proved
答案选A，he sticks to 是修饰主语the theory 的定语从句，句子的基本结构为The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.
(3) The work he devoted his time to _____ worth praising.
A. was
B. be
C. being
D. been
答案选A，he devoted his time to 是修饰主语the work 的定语从句。句子的基本结构为The work was worth praising.
(4) I think this is the very work that we must finish ____ her.
A. to help
B. help
C. helping
D. helped
答案是A。句中空格处填的动词help 并不是finish 的宾语，正确的句子分析是：that I must finish 是修饰名词the very work 的定语从句，finish 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，其后的不定式to help her 是目的状语。
(5) Which do you enjoy ____ your weekend, swimming or fishing?
A. spending
B. being spent
C. spend
D. to spend
答案选D。enjoy 的宾语是句首的疑问词which，不是其后的动词spending。此题中的to spend... 用作目的状语。
(5) What the boy enjoys _____ to have a room of his own.
A. being
B. to be
C. is
D. are
答案选C，而不选A。what the boy enjoys 是主语从句，空格处填的is 为谓语动词。
(6) Nothing that he suggested _____ to be of any use.
A. prove
B. proved
C. proving
D. to prove
答案选B，而不选C。句子主语是nothing，that he suggested 是修饰主语的定语从句，suggested 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，而不是其后的动词；句子谓语是proved。全句意为"他建议的情况没有一条是有用的。"
(7) The old house we paid a visit _____ at the top of the hill.
A. standing
B. to stand
C. to standing
D. to stands
答案选D。we paid a visit to 是修饰the old house 的定语从句，句中的stands 为主句谓语。
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