托福写作必备词汇：常用逻辑关系词整理
托福写作必备词汇：常用逻辑关系词整理
在托福的写作过程中，除了词汇和句型力量的不断累积之外。其实，对于托福写作对于每个同学的规律力量还是有着很高的要求。下面，我们就为大家介绍一下在托福写作中常用的规律词汇有下面几类，盼望各位同学能娴熟把握.
托福写作必备词汇：常用规律关系词
1. 并列关系
and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover,inaddition, what is more, for instance, for example
2. 转折关系
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spiteof,nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite
3. 挨次关系
first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next
4. 因果关系
as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so,therefore,as, since, consequently, on account of
5. 归纳关系
as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short,thus,consequently,
in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word
几个用得比较多的规律（句子）：
1. As far as I am concerned, the advantages of … outweighits disadvantages.
2. Nevertheless, the disadvantages of … is undeniable.
3. To sum up/ In general/ On the whole/ In brief/ In short/ Inaword, it is true that … bring about both positive andnegativeresults. But we can try our best to reduce the negativeinfluenceto the least extent.
4. Obviously, in every aspect, …
5. This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between…and…
6. As to the other three, though the growth rates were not sohigh,they were indeed remarkable and impressive.
托福写作（范文）：A Rare Fossil Record
The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rate occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny, delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers or destroyed by weathering before they can be fossilized. Ichthyosaurs had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures because, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become a
treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils.
The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales deposited about 190 million years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long.
Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare elsewhere? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.
托福写作范文：Skyscrapers and Environment
In the late 1960’s, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot
capacities.
Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120, 000 kilowatts-enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.
Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain)through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.
Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city’s sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage each year-as much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut , which has a population of more than 109, 000.
托福写作范文：Museums
From Boston to Los Angeles, from New York City to Chicago to Dallas, museums are either planning, building, or wrapping up wholesale expansion programs. These programs already have radically altered facades and floor plans or are expected to do so in the not-too-distant future.
In New York City alone, six major institutions have spread up and out into the air space and neighborhoods around them or are preparing to do so.
The reasons for this confluence of activity are complex, but one factor is a consideration everywhere - space. With collections expanding, with the needs and functions of museums changing, empty space has become a very precious commodity.
Probably nowhere in the country is this more true than at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, which has needed additional space for decades and which received its last significant facelift ten years ago. Because of the space crunch, the Art Museum has become increasingly cautious in considering acquisitions and donations of art, in some cases passing up opportunities to strengthen its collections.
Deaccessing - or selling off - works of art has taken on new importance because of the museum’s space problems. And increasingly, curators have been forced to juggle gallery space, rotating one masterpiece into public view while another is sent to storage.
Despite the clear need for additional gallery and storage space, however, the museum has no plan, no plan to break out of its envelope in the next fifteen years, according to Philadelphia Museum of Art’s president.托福写作必备词汇：常用规律关系词
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英文逻辑关系词
一．并列关系coordinating relation And :conj. 和，与；就；而且；但是；然后granted, et, but, yet, only Or:conj. 或，或者；还是either, ossia And also: Neither ….nor: Either…or: Not only….but also: Along with:沿（顺）着；连同…一起；与…一道；随同…一起 Thai is to say: As well as:也；和…一样；不但…而且as well as除……之外；既 as well as.除as well as everything以及一切 in the same way:同样地；以同样的方式 二．递进关系 Also:adv. 也；而且；同样conj. 并且；另外 Than:conj. 比（用于形容词、副词的比较级之后）；除…外（用于other等之后）；与其…（用于 rather等之后）；一…就（用于 no sooner等之后）prep. 比；超过Additionally:adv. 此外；又，加之 In addition:另外，此外 Furthermore:adv. 此外；而且and furthermore而且furthermore-而且Moreover furthermore而且moreover-furthermore进一步说furthermore ad. moreover而且；此外furthermore ad.而且moreover—furthermore进一步说 furthermore ad.而且moreover, furthermore且 moreover adv. 而且；此外 what is more而且what is even more甚至更多what is more important更重要的是and what is more而且 indeed adv. 的确；实在；真正地；甚至int. 真的（表示惊讶、怀疑、讽刺等） ...accordingly 于是indeed 的确surely 无疑 ... Apart from远离，除…之外；且不说；缺少 besides adv. 此外；而且prep. 除…之外And besides更何况 aside from除…以外Aside from除Aside from hands除手以外apart/aside from除了 三、引出新对象 About：prep. 关于；大约adj. 在附近的；四处走动的；在起作用的adv. 大约；周围；到处n. 大致；粗枝大叶；不拘小节的人 concerning prep. 关于；就…而言v. 涉及；使关心（concern的ing形式）；忧虑regarding prep. 关于，至于就…….而言 with regard to adv. 关于；至于 as for关于，至于 as to至于，关于；就……而论 in terms of依据；按照；在…方面；以…措词 四，因果关系 Because of adv. 因为；由于 Since conj. 因为；由于；既然；自…以来；自…以后prep. 自…以来；自…以后adv. 后来 For prep. 为，为了；因为；给；对于；至于；适合于conj. 因为
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despite the fact that/ in spite of 表示比较和对比：unlike/ like; compared with;on the contrary/ by contrast/ by comparison/ in contrast/ conversely/ oppositely; as…as…; …than…. 表示列举、举例：for example/ for instance/ a (good) case in point is…; one example is…/ that is…/ just as…; especially/ specifically/ in particular/ particularly; such as/ namely; likely/ to illustrate/ that is to say… 表示并列和递进：and/ as well as…; also/ besides; too/ again; in particular/ after all/ especially/ in addition(to)/ similarly/ likewise; furthermore/ moreover/ and then/ not only ... but also…; even/ besides this(that)/ what is more 以上就是为同学们整理的托福写作常用关联词汇总的内容，希望能够帮助到正在备战托福的同学们!
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托福写作常用连接词12个 很多初学托福写作的同学不知道连接词有哪些，该如何使用。笔者总结了常用的12个连接词，请大家先牢记，然后做到活学活用。 托福写作常用连接词12个 托福写作常用连接词： 1. However 1)We thought the figures were correct. However, we have now discovered some errors.我们原以为这些数据正确，不过我们现在发现了一些错误。 2)However, he smothered, as best he was able, these feelings.然而，他尽其所能抑制住了这些感情。 3)If, however, you are an extrovert you are quite likely to enjoy it.然而，如果你是一个性格外向的人，你很可能会喜欢它。 4)It was, however, a little disappointing.不过，这有点儿令人失望。 2. Nonetheless 1) The book is too long but, nonetheless, informative and entertaining.这本书篇幅太长，但是很有知识性和趣味性。 2) The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we shall need to tackle them soon.问题不严重，不过我们还是需要尽快处理。 3) Nonetheless, it contains an element of truth.然而它也有些道理。 3. Nevertheless 1) He was very tired, nevertheless he kept working.他累得很，然而仍继续工作。 2) There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. Nevertheless, it is important that we try.我们几乎没有可能改变法律。不过，重要的是我们努力争取。 3) Nevertheless, they deserve notice and respect.然而，他们
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英语常用17种逻辑关联词及词组
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英语写作逻辑连接词
英语写作逻辑连接词(总5页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1 -CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除
常用程度和语句副词： 常用的程度副词包括： absolutely,almost,awfully,completely,considerably,deeply,en tirely,exactly,extremely,fairly,greatly,hardly,immensely, increasingly, more and more, much, nearly, partly, perfectly, profoundly, quite, rather, scarcely, slightly, somehow, somewhat, thoroughly, to some extent, utterly, very. 常用语句副词包括： Actually,admittedly,certainly,clearly,definitely,evidently, fortunately,frankly,honestly,luckly,more importantly,naturely,surprisingly,obviously,perhaps,prefera bly,probably,possible,strangely,superficially,surely,techni cally,theoretically,undeniably,unexpectedly,unfortunately.常用逻辑连接词： 1.因果关系：…and so …; another important factor/reason…; as a consequence; as a result; as; because; because of; being that; consequently; due to; for the reason that; for the same reason; for; hence; for this reason; in consequence; in that…; in view of; owing to; since; so; …so that…; the reason seems obvious; there are about…; therefore; thus; obviously; evidently
英语逻辑关系词
英语中常见的十大逻辑关系及其标志词 (1) 转折关系 but, however, yet(然而), on the contrary, contrary to, contrarily, by(in) contrast (to), whereas, rather than, instead of, unlike, in fact(effect), actually弱转, conversely (2)让步关系 although, much as, though, even though(if), even, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, anyhow(anyway), as, while〔虽然、尽管、即使〕, still〔尽管如此〕 (3)总结关系 in sum，in general, overall, to sum up，on the whole, generally (4)举例 for example、for instance、such as、including (5) 因果关系 Because；in that ＋句子表原因 due to；thanks to ；owing to＋名词表原因；since ；now that ；ever since ＋句子表原因 because of；on account of；in response to ＋名词表原因；lead to；contribute to；result in＋名词〔前因后果〕 so that；such that；in order that＋句子(强调目的、结果的因果) in view of；in the light of；by virtue of ＋名词鉴于、由于 put down to；ascribe to；attribute to；owe to ＋名词归因于 so；thus；hence；therefore；consequently (as a consequence/ as a result) ＋句子〔因此〕 for, as, as a result of, with〔由于，由于某种条件或原因的存在出现了某种结果〕 (6)递进关系 still、also、indeed、furthermore〔进一步〕、moreover〔而且、此外〕、highlighting 〔突出、强调〕、even〔甚至、更〕、besides(注意区分except), additionally, in addition, what’s more (7)条件关系 if, provided/providing that, suppose, supposing, in case (of), in the event of, assume, presumably, so long as, unless, only if, when (8)并列关系 and〔和〕、as well as〔也〕、likewise〔同样的〕、while〔与此同时〕、similarly〔类似地〕、or〔或者〕、simultaneously〔同时发生地〕、meanwhile〔同时〕、in the meantime、neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also、more…than
托福写作中的逻辑关系词
托福写作中的逻辑关系词 为了帮助大家提高托福写作成绩，下面小编给大家带来托福写作中的逻辑关系词，希望对大家有所帮助！ 托福写作中的逻辑关系词 作文中的逻辑联系词一直都是帮助考生提高自己成绩的至宝。我们在写英文复杂句的时候其实就是将两个或两个以上的句子用连接词连接起来的。前面没有连接词的主+谓+宾的结构叫做主句，而前面加了连接词的主+谓+宾叫做从句。而如果是多个句子的叠加，则结构如下。 主句+连词+从句+连词+从句 英文复杂句的本质其实就是这么简单，当然我们还能写出更加困难的复杂句，但从ets给出的满分范文可以看出，真正确保了核心结构才能写出满分的句子。相反的，我们在写托福作文的时候一定要避免为了写难句而写难句(being difficult just for difficulty’s sake).很多同学一相情愿的写出很多的“难句”，却忽视了ets对托福作文实用加准确的要求，从而拿了出乎本人意料的低分。 所以考生们在平时练习作文的时候提高自己的联系词实用的熟练度和准确度就是提高考试作文质量的最佳途径。 转折关系词 1， While; whereas; whilst：用在句首或是句中都是可以的，表示主句和从句的对比，也就是说这三个词均用来表示句中对比，是不能当成句首副词来用的。 Eg This is based on the belief that identical twins share all the same genes whereas all the fraternal twins share only half the same genes. While environmentalists are quick to blame the increased carbon dioxide emissions for the global warming, the truth is that nobody knows whether a similar warming-and the later cooling-