2010年高考英语热点动词和动词词组
2010年高考英语热点动词和动词词组
概述
动词和动词词组的考查是单项填空的重中之重，就2005年高考而言，各省、市试卷涉及动词与动词词组的考题大都占到6—9题之多。主要涉及的考点有：常见动词及动词近义词辨析；及物动词常被误为不及物动词；特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析，如：develop 发展——冲洗；meet见面——满足；cover覆盖——涉及等；拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有：hang(hanged绞死，hung悬挂)；lay(laid, laid)放置；lie(lied, lied)说慌；lie(lay, lain)平卧等。
其中，常见动词及动词近义词辨析是高考动词类的热点问题。
热点1 几个常见的谓语动词
常见动词及其搭配是动词类的热点，非常值得注意。以下归纳几个常见动词，其目的就是要让考生在平时的学习过程中学会不断积累和总结。
1.关于make
（1）make当“做、制造”解时，可跟双宾语，间接宾语用for 引导。如：
He’ll make me a kite.=He’ll make a kite for me.他将给我制作一个风筝。
（2）make通常与一些表示动作的名词连用。如：
①make a study/trip/promise/movement/statement/dive/request/change/fire/demand/
speech/report/face/plan/success/living/difference
②make an explanation/experiment/excuse/effect/apology…to sb
③make preparations/progress/room…for sb
④make one’s way/bread tea coffee/up one’s mind/no answer
(3)make作使役动词时,表示“使……做某事、使……成为“，可跟复合结构，其中的宾补可以是：
①形容词：They are trying to make our country beautiful.他们在努力使我们的国家变得美丽。
②名词：I would make you king over the earth.我会使你灰飞烟灭地球之王。
③过去分词：What made him so frightened?什么使他如此害怕？
④省去to 的不定式：The boy made faces just to make the other students laugh.这个男孩做
鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑。
注意：make在被动语态中一定要接带to的不定式。如：
No one is ever made to be hero.没有天生的英雄。
[典例1]The regulations were made_____ children after the accidents.
A. protect
B. to protect
C. protecting
D. to be protected
解析B 在句中因为make用的是被动语态，故其后一定要接带to的不定式，作主语补足语。
⑤构成：make it +adj. +to do sth./that-clause使（做）某事成为……。
[典例2]The manager, ______it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us ,left the meeting room.(2005·江西卷)
A. who has made
B. having made
C. made
D. making
解析B 关于make用法的考查。根据句子结构分析可以判断，主句为：The manager left the meeting room.,中间的部分为分词短语作状语，且动作发生在主句left动作之前，而又并非现在完成时，故排除A。现在分词的完成式先于主句的谓语动词而发生，故选B。
（4）make作“制造、组成”时构成的词组，常使用被动语态。
①成品+be made of +原料（看得出原料）
②成品+be made from+原料（难看或看不出原料）
③原料+be made into+成品
④成品+be made by+执行者\制造者
⑤成品+be made in+地点
⑥物体\组织+be made up of +若干成份
[典例3] The old cottage can be______ temporary(临时的)houses.
A. made into
B. made of
C. made by
D. made in
解析A 此句句意为：这栋旧别墅可以改装成临时住宅。被动词组be made into符合句意。
（5）make构成的两个常用词组：
①make up(for)弥补，虚构，缝制，化妆，整理等。如：make up jokes编笑话；make up
a poem/a story/a song编诗歌/故事/歌曲。再如：
They hurried on to make up for lost time.
他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。
The boy made up a story; it was not true.
男孩儿编了个故事，这故事不是真的。
She made up her face to look prettier.
她化了妆以便看上去更漂亮些。
[典例4]Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and
______jokes.(2005·江苏卷)
A. turning up
B. putting up
C. making up
D. showing up
解析C 动词搭配与辨析。turn up 找到，发现，出现；put up 举起，抬起，进行；show up揭露，露出，露面。而make up jokes为“编笑话”，与句意吻合。
②make full/good/the best use of 充分利用。如：
We must make the best use of the fine weather.我们必须充分利用这好天气。
Let’s make use of this opportunity to practice our spoken English.让我们好好地利用这个机会来练习英语口语。
2.关于consider
（1）作“考虑”讲时，可跟名词/代词/从句或跟连接代词/副词+to do或跟动名词连用。如：
Have you considered how to get there?你考虑过如何去那里了吗？
He considered going to see them in prison.他考虑去监狱探试他们。
（2）作“认为……，把……当作”讲时，consider+宾语+宾补，作宾补的可以是名词/形容词/不定式（不定式完成式）。如：
I consider him to be a fool.我把他当作一个傻子看待。
（3）注意结构：consider it + n/ adj. + to do sth.
I consider it necessary to study English.我认为学英语很有必要。
（4）consider…(as)…表示“把（某人或某物）看作……”。如：
Most people considered him as a hero.多数人把他看成一个英雄。
[典例5] Many things_____ impossible in the past are common today.
A. considering
B. to consider
C. considered
D. being considered
解析C 动词consider的非谓语考查形式。剖析其结构：Many things are common today.为主句。considered 是过去分词短语作定语修饰many things, impossible在被动语态中为主语补足语。适用于“consider+宾语+宾补”结构。故选C
3.关于keep
（1）keep用作及物动词，表示“使……继续处于某种状态”，其后的宾补可以是：
①现在分词如：Don’t keep your mother waiting.别让你母亲再等。
②过去分词如：His clothes seemed to be just pulled on to keep him covered.他的衣服像是刚刚拖起来披盖在自己身上的。
③副词如：This helps to keep the cold out.这有助于御寒。
④介词短语如：He kept them in the classroom after school.放学后，他让他们呆在教室里。
⑤形容词如：The nurses keep her very clean.护士们将她整理得非常整法。
(2)keep作系动词，意为“保持、继续处于某种状态”。如：keep silent/quiet/cool/fit…
(3)keep doing 与keep on doing
①表示“决心、毅力、顽强意志力和强调动作的反复”时，多用keep on doing 。
如：Don’t give up hope, keep on trying.别放弃希望，要不断努力。
②表示持续状态常用keep doing 。如：
We’ve kept hoping to go to college. 我们一直希望上大学。
③keep/keep on一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用。
如：常不用keep(on)standing/sitting/beginning/leaving 。
[典例6]Keep ______after meals, then you’ll be in good health.
A. walking
B. sleeping
C. standing
D. sitting
解析A keep doing的特殊用法。此种结构一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用。而sleeping ,standing, sitting都是表示短暂性动作的动词。故选A。
（4）其它搭配
keep back 阻止，落在后面
keep…out (of)使……在外，不让……入内
keep away 不接近，避开
keep …from 阻止，抑制，避免于
keep off 让开，不接近
keep up 坚持，继续，保持，（斗争）不低落
keep up with跟上，赶上，不落后于
keep in touch with与……保持联络
[典例7]We read the newspaper every day to ______the present affairs.
A. keep up
B. keep up with
C. catch up with
D. keep in touch with
解析B keep词组考查题。根据句意：我们每天读报是为了跟上当前形势。keep up 坚持；keep up with跟上，赶上；catch up with 赶上，逮捕；keep in touch with 与……保持联络。只有B项与句意吻合。
4.关于go
（1）go的过去分词形式gone多用作表语，意为“（人）不在了、走了”，“（物）丢了、用完了”，如：The necklace was gone.这条项链丢了。
Liu Mei is already gone.刘梅已经走了。
比较：He is already gone.(强调无目的)
He has gone.(强调有目的、方向)
（2）go 有“……说的”之意。常用于“the story goes…据说；as the saying goes正如格言所说”。如：As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”正如格言所说，“有志者，事竟成”。
[典例8]As a Chinese old saying______, “Good fortune lies within bad, bad fortune lies within good.”
A. goes
B. say
C. is said
D. is written
解析A 与本词条中的含义吻合即用在谚语前表示“……说的、叫做”。
（3）go为终止性动词，不与表示时间段的状语连用。（见时态和语态专题）
（4）go to常与go to attend意义相同，多与一些表示活动的名词连用。如：
go to college/a meeting/an English party/a concert/a dance/a film/a lecture/a dinner…等。
（5）注意区别：
go on doing sth.继续做同一个动作
go on to do sth.做完一个接着干另一个
go on with sth.同一事件中断后又接着做
He went on speaking of his war experiences.他继续说着他的战争经历。
比较He went on to speak of his war experiences.(=He began speaking of them
after he had finished speaking of something else.)他做完了别的之后，又继续说他的战争经历。
They went on with their work at the empty loom until late into the night.他们在一张空织布机上不停地工作直至深夜。
(6)其它搭配
go to rest/sleep/bed休息/睡觉
go out for a walk/ride/swim/bath/drive…外出散步/骑车/游泳/洗澡/兜风
go shopping/fishing/shooting/swimming/walking…购物/钓鱼/射击/游泳/散步
go about着手做，从事
go ahead 前进，进行
go all out for sth./to do sth.全力以赴
go in for sth.从事于，酷爱，参加
go over仔细检查，润色（文稿），复习
go through经历，经受
go up 上涨
5.关于agree
（1）agree 一般用作不及物动词，因此，其后不能直接带宾语。如其后跟从句，则可作及物动词。可跟不定式，但不跟不定式的复合结构。
（2）区别：
①表示“同意某人的看法”。常说：agree with sb./what sb says。
②表示“适合、合适”。如：
agree with This climate doesn’t agree with me.这里的气候不适合我。
③表示“一致、协调”。如：
The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.动词必须与
人称和数保持一致。
agree to 表示“同意（某人的建议、安排、计划）”。常可说：
agree to a plan/an arrange ment/a proposal/a decision.
agree on /upon表示“对……取得一致意见”。如：
They both agreed on the plan,他们两个都同意这个方案。
[典例9] I don’t _____people smoking all day long.
A. agree
B. agree to
C. agree on
D. agree with
解析B 考查动词agree及词组辨析。agree为不及物动词，不带宾语；agree on/upon表示“对……取得一致意见”；agree with表示“同意某人的看法”；agree to 表示“同意（某人的建议、安排、计划）”，符合句意。
热点2 常见动词近义词辨析
常见动词近义词很多，有必要掌握以下常见词类：
1.关于win, defeat, beat和gain
(1)win作“赢”讲时，其宾语常是：war, battle, game, match, argument, a victory, the prize,100 yuan, a race, honor for, the praise, the first place…等，而不能是表示人的名词。
(2) beat及物动词，后面的宾语是“对手”，表示结果。如：
beat sb. in …在比赛、战斗、争论中击败某人。
beat him at table tennis在乒乓球赛中击败他
(3)defeat sb.在战斗、战争、比赛中击败对手。强调暂时行为。如：
defeat the enemy in the war在战争中击败敌人
(4)gain及物动词，表示“获得、赢得所需之物/利益或好处”。如：
gain experience/wealth/a reputation/the time/the marks/the rank/the prize/one’s respect/success/knowledge/one’s living/happiness/a salary/an honor…。
[典例1]Our basketball team____ theirs by a score of 100:98.
A. won
B. defeat
C. beat
D. gained
解析C近义词辨析题。根据win不和theirs(their teams)搭配；defeat与sb.连接；gain 常有“获得……”，也不与theirs搭配。只有beat与“（击败的）对手”搭配，强调结果，故选C。
2.关于fit, suit和match
(1)fit作及物动词，表示“适合、配上、合身”。如：
This coat fits her nicely.这件外套非常合适。
The key doesn’t fit the lock,这把钥匙不合这把锁。
（2）作形容词，表示“适合、健康”》常构成be fit for 。如：
He is fit for the job,他适合这份工作。
The water is fit to drink.这水适合喝。
（3）作不及物动词，表示“吻合、合身”。如：
Does the coat fit?这件大衣合身吗？
（4）suit作适合，常强调颜色、款式等适合某人，而fit则强调大小合身。如：
That color doesn’t suit your complexion(肤色)。这颜色不适合你的肤色。
（5）match表示“在（品质、颜色、设计等方面）与……相配”。如：
Carpets should match the curtains.地毯必须与窗帘区配。
[典例2]The red tie you bought doesn’t ______my coat.
A. fit
B. fit for
C. suit
D. match
解析D 近义词辨析题目。fit作及物动词，表示大小合身；作不及物动词，强调“吻合”；作形容词，则须用be fit for; suit 强调“款式合适”，只有match强调“与……匹配”。故选D。
3.关于cost, spend, take和pay
(1)从意义上讲，都可表示“花钱”。如：“我花10元钱买衬衣”。这一句话可有四种翻译：
The shirt cost me ten yuan.
I spent ten yuan on the shirt.
It took me ten yuan to buy the shirt.
I paid ten yuan for the shirt.
(2)结构搭配上的不同
①spend的主语只能是人。
常用结构：sb. +spend(s)+time/money on sth./in doing sth.
②cost的主语只能是指事或物的名词、代词或名词性短语。
常用结构：sth. +cost(s)+ sb. +time/money
③take的主语多为指物的名词。
常用结构：It + takes +time/ money +to do sth.
④pay的主语是人，为买某物而付钱。
常用结构：sb. +pay(s)+ money +for sth.
[典例3] I _____the coat in the supermarket for 260yuan.
A. cost
B. paid
C. pent
D. bought
解析D近义词辨析题。用cost,则主谓搭配不当；用pay，则260 yuan作宾语；用spend,
则与for 260 yuan搭配不当；应选用buy,其用法和搭配均与句意吻合。
4.关于hurt, wound, injure和harm
(1)hurt:表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦，强调疼痛感”。如：
Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided.
一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞，许多人受了伤。
（2）wound:表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤，特别是在战争中受伤”。如：The soldier was wounded in the arm.这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。
（3）injure:表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。如：
There were two people injured in the car accident.
有两个人在车祸中受了伤。
（4）harm: 表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或损失，其对象可以是自己，也可以是其他人或物”。如：Our dog won’t harm you.我们的狗不会伤害你的。
Getting up early won’t harm you!早起对你没有坏处。
[典例4]There was an unexpected explosion in our street, but our building wasn’t_____ at all .
A. hurt
B. wounded
C. harmed
D. injured
解析C 近义词辨析题目。hurt强调“精神或肉体上的疼痛”；wound强调“刀、枪伤”；harm强调“危害、损失”；injure强调“意外伤害”。名意为：我们住的街道发生了一次意外的爆炸事故，但我们的大楼却丝毫没有受损。故用harmed合句意。
重点 1 两种常错常考的可作谓语的动词
1.几组拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词
hang hanged hanged(绞死) lay laid laid(放置)
hang hung hung(悬挂) lie lied lied(说慌)
lie lay lain(平卧)
find found found(发现) fall fell fallen(跌倒)
found founded founded(建立) fell felled felled(砍伐、击倒)
fail failed failed（失败）
[典例1] The carpet where he _____was warm and comfortable, so he slept soundly.
A. was laying
B. was lying
C. had laid
D.了had lied
解析B 易混淆词辨析题。动词lay表示“搁置、放”时，现在分词为laying,过去分词为laid；而lie作“躺”讲时，现在分词为lying,过去分词为lain，如其过去分词为lied,则含义为“撒谎”。此处为“躺的地方”，故用was lying。
2.实为及物动词却常被误为不及物动词
enter(误为enter into) marry(误为marry with)
reach(误为reach to) mention(误为mention about)
serve(误为serve for) address(误为address to)
approach(误为approach with) salute(误为salute to)
fit(误为fit for) benefit (误为benefit to)
[典例2]She ____John to get away from her step-mother.
A. married
B. married with
C. married to
D. was married
解析A此句中的marry表示“嫁给”，为及物动词，可直接带宾语。
重点2 五种基本句型中的动词使用
简单句的五种基本句型，通常与及物动词、不及物动词和系动词密不可分。
1.主语+不及物动词
理解不及物动词在此句型中的常用法：
（1）一般表达型。此类不及物动词常可与表示距离、持续时间、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。如：Boy, can you go any farther? Boy, can you go any farther? 伙计，你还走得动吗？
The smoke from our fire rose straight up in the still air.
我们生的火冒出的烟在无风的空气中袅袅上升。
（2）主动形式表示被动含义型。此类常见的动词或短语有：read, sell wash, write, open, draw, wear, happen, take place, break out ,last ,go out ,run out ,cost, spread等。如：The tickets to the play sold well。那台戏的戏票很畅销。
The accident happened outside my house.这个事故发生在我家房子的外面。
[典例1]Food and drink are _____,but the men are still cheerful and confident.
A. running out
B. going out
C. spreading
D. happening
解析A 不及物动词的考查。动词run out表示“被用完”；go out 表示“出去，熄灭”；spread表示“传播”；happen表示“发生”。根据句意：食物和饮料快用光了，但这些人仍旧很愉快和自信。
2.主语+及物动词+宾语
理解及物动词在此句型中带宾语的用法：
(1)及物动词+名词或代词作宾语。如：
He raised his arms above his head.他把手臂举过头顶。
Will you be spending your holiday abroad this year?你今年准备到国外去度假吗？
(2)及物动词+动名词作宾语。此类及物动词或动词短语有：avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practice, imagine, enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off ,insist on ,give up, can’t help, stick to等。如：
I suggested taking a walk.我建议去散步。
You must not give up studying.你不该放弃学习。
(3)及物动词+不定式作宾语。此类及物动词有：afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn,
offer, plan, refuse等。如：
I hope to go to college.我希望上大学。
The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。
（4）既可接动名词又可接动词不定式的动词（见非谓语动词专题之热点）。
3.主语+系动词+表格
系动词在此句型中的用法：be, become, come, get, smell, taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go, turn, fall, run, keep等。
（1）系动词+形容词作表语。如：
That argument sounds reasonable,那个观点听起来有道理。
（2）系动词+名词作表语。如：
Later he became an acrobat.他后来成为一名杂技演员。
（3）系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词作表语。如：
He is near,他在附近。
[典例2]The cooking chicken in the pot ______very good.
A. smells
B. feels
C. sounds
D. tastes
解析A 系动词考查题。根据The cooking chicken正在煮的的鸡肉，推断出“闻起来很香”，故用smell。其它feel感觉起来；sound听起来；taste尝起来，均不合题意。
4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
（1）用to变换间接宾语的动词：bring, give, hand, offer, show, teach, throw, pass, pay, send, sell, return, tell, allow, lend等。如：
Could you bring me the book?或Could you bring the book to me ?请你把那本书带给我好吗？
（2）用for变换间接宾语的动词make,buy,choose,cook,find,get,order,paint,sing,spare,fetch 等。如：
He bought me a bottle of ink.或He bought a bottle of ink for me .他为我买了一瓶墨水。
（3）用for和to或其它介词变换间接宾语的动词：do, leave, play等。如：
Will you do me a favor?或Will you do a favor for me ?你能帮我忙吗？
[典例3] Smoking will______harm to you .Please get rid of it.
A. do
B. give
C. make
D. find
解析A 接双宾语的动词考查题。此句的harm为直接宾语，to you为间接宾语。句意为：吸烟对你有害，请戒掉烟吧。从搭配而言，常说do sb.harm 或do harm to sb。故选A。
5.主语+及物动语+宾语+宾补
（1）接名词作宾补的动词：find, think, elect, name, call, appoint, consider, make, leave等。如：
They usually call the baby Dick,他们经常把婴儿的名字称为迪克。
（2）接形容词作宾补的动词：keep, get, lay, drink, push, paint, set, turn, drive, let, call, cut, break, open, hold等。如：
She will make him happy.她将使他幸福。
Please cut the stick short.请把这根棍子砍短点。
（3）接副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词：leave, put ,see, notice, watch, observe等。如：
He left me waiting in the rain.他让我在雨中等。
[典例4] I found _____impossible ______him _____his mind.
A. this, to make; change
B. it; to make; to change
C. this; to make; to change
D. it; to make; change
解析D 及物动词及宾语补足语考查题。根据句子结构分析法可以判断：第一空为形式宾语it，第二空为真正的动词不定式作宾语，第三空为使役动词make后省去to的宾补change。故选D
难点动词词组的使用与辨析
动词词组的使用和辨析是动词考点中的重点也是难点，考查形式涉及多项选择题中的语法和和词汇知识题、多项选择式完形填空题、短文改错题多种题型。
[典例1]Kathy _____a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.
A. picked up
B. took up
C. made up
D. turned up
解析A动词词组辨析题。pick up 获得，学到，捡起，使恢复精神；take up开始从事，吸收；make up弥补，虚构；turn up找到，出现。根据句意：凯西通过与当地孩子们玩耍而学到了不少西班牙语。故选A。
[典例2]Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______most of her day.(2004·广东卷)
A. takes up
B. makes up
C. saves up
D. puts up
解析A考查动词词组的辨析。海伦总是帮助她的母亲，即使上学占用了她一天中的大部分时间。四个短语的意思分别为：take up占据，填满；make up形成，构成或组成某物；save up储存，储蓄；put up 张贴（海报、通告等），提出（意见）供讨论。根据句意判断take up 合题意。
[典例3] You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _____the books when you’ve finished them.(2004·全国卷Ⅰ)
A. put on
B. put down
C. put back
D. put off
解析C 考查动词词组的辨析。此句句意为：你可以从书架上随便拿书去读，但是读完以后请把书放回原处put on 穿上，伪装；put down写下，平定；put off 推迟，搪寒；只有put back放回原处合句意。
[典例4]His mother had thought is would be good for his character to_____from home and earn some money on his own.(2002·北京卷)
A. run away B take away C.keep away D.get away
解析D 考查动词词组的辨析。四个选项都符合语法要求，再看本句句意：他母亲原本认为他离开家自己赚钱对锻炼他的性格有好处。get away from home的意思正是“离开家”。
小试牛刀
1. Every minute should_______to work for the motherland.
A. make use of
B. be made of
C. be made use of
D. make of
2. The first color TV set was considered by most people________this century.
A. having been invented it
B. one of whom invented
C. who had invented it
D.to have been invented
3.In face of failure for the moment ,it’s the most important to_____a good state of mind.
A. keep on
B. keep at
C. keep up
D. keep out
4.After the five ,very little of the house _______standing .
A. remained
B. kept
C. rested
D. left
5.We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _______very well.
A.worked out
B.tried out
C.went
D.carried on
6. Alice ,______careful with your pronunciation.
A. is
B.do be B.does be D.do
7.The teacher asks the students to talk in English out of class just as they______in class.
A. are
B.were
C.do
D. did
8. In a way I can see what you mean, even though I don’t______ your point of view.
A. permit
B.share
C. agree
D. recognize
9.They ______us by two to one in the game yesterday.
A. beat
B. defeat
C. gained
D. won
10.—This doesn’t______me. Do you have a larger one?
—Sorry, but the color is different. Does it ______you?
A. fit; suit
B. suit; fit
C. fit; fit
D. suit; suit
11.It was the man______ on the bed with his eyes open who_____the book open on the desk just now.
A. lain; lay
B.lying ;laid
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b97858682.html,y; lay
D.lying ;lied
12. People in the west ______it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
A.make
B.have
C.do
D.change
13.More and more people are willing to______part of their incomes to the school children in the poverty areas.
A.give in
B.give away
C.give out
D.give up
14.Their water supply has been_______ because of the earthquake.
A.cut out
B.cut off
C.cut down
D.cut away
15.He_______the book and decided that he wouldn’t buy it.
A. looked into
B.looked on
C.looked after
D.looked through
[答案与解析]
1. C 考查make词组搭配题。根据句意：为祖国工作，应当充分利用分分秒秒。应考虑表示“利用”的make use of ,与表示“时间”的every minute之间存在动宾关系，因此，make use of 须用被动形式。故选C。
2.D动词consider 的非谓语考查形式。符合“consider+宾语+宾补”结构，根据句意判断此句的宾补在consider之前已经发生，故用不定式的完成式。
3. C keep词组考查题。keep on 继续，保持；keep at 坚持做，不放弃；keep up 保持（良好状态），坚持；keep out 关在门外，不准入内。只有C项合题意。
4 A 涉及keep 的用法题。由于standing表示静止状态，故不可用kept standing ,又rested,left与standing 在搭配和含义上有错误，故选remained standing ,相当于过去进行时。
5.C go进展，进行；work out 结果是；try out 考验，提炼；carry on 继续开展；it 指代our art exhibition,but的转折语气说明它进展得很好，C项合句意。
6.B do表示强调。用在祈使句中，置于be careful之前，可理解为“务必”。
7. C 考查替代词do 的用法。主句的谓语动词为asks,从句的替代词应为do。
8. B 考查近义词辨析。share 为及物动词表“分享”，可带宾语your point of view。而agree为不及物动词，不可带宾语。其它两项意思不符题意。
9. A 近义词的辨析题。强调以“by two to one”的结果“击败对手”。故用beat。
10. A 近义词辨析题。fit 作及物动词，常跟人，表示大小适合某人；作不及物动词，强调“吻合”；作形容词，则须用be fit for结构搭配；suit强调“款式合适”。根据句意，选A。
11.B 易混词考查。根据句子结构分析可知，这是一个强调句。强调作主语的the man,其后的lying on the bed with his eyes open在句中作定语修饰the man.
12. A 考查接宾语和宾补的动词。根据句子结构分析：此处的it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式短语to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends。常用下列句式：动词+it +n/adj.（宾补）+（for sb.）+不定式（真正的宾语）。
13 B 考查动词词组的辨析。give away赠送，分送；give in 屈服，投降；give out 用完，用尽；give up 放弃。
14 B 考查动词词组的辨析。cut off (被迫)切断，断绝，合句意。而cut out(主动)切掉；cut down砍倒；cut away切掉/离，均为干扰项。
15 D 考查动词词组的辨析。look through 浏览；look into调查；look on 旁观；look after 照顾。
自我检测
1. The teacher has a peculiar way of ______her student’s nervousness when then speak English.
A. breaking down
B. going over
C. taking off
D. giving away
2. In the cross-lake swimming race, a boat will be ____in case of an emergency.
A. standing by
B. turning on
C. getting on
D. running on
3. You _____only half the price ,how would the seller sell the jacket to you ?
A. spent
B. paid
C. charged
D. offered
4. He _____the problem _____in his mind for a whole week before he did anything about it.
A. switched; on
B. kicked; up
C. turned; over
D. took; on
5. At times the balance in nature is ______ , resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
A. troubled
B. confused
C. disturbed
D. puzzled
6. —So, how is your new roommate ?
—She really ____. She always making loud noises at midnight and when I remind her , she always makes rude remarks.
A. turns me over
B. turns me down
C. turns me off
D. turns me out
7. People have planted a great many trees in order to ____wind and sand in the desert.
A. hold down
B. hold up
C. hold back
D. hold out
8. —Would you like to go to Paris with us next year ?
—I’d like to, but my mother ______ that I am too young.
A. is against
B. opposes
C. objects
D. explains
9. There’s no bear left and the pubs are shut so you’ll have to _______.
A. go out
B. go off
C. go without
D. go through
10. The film “World without thieves” ______ a great success and brought in a large profit to the cinema.
A. appreciated
B. enjoyed
C. won
D. seized
11. Dressed untidily and speaking in a strange way, Father must have ______ to the people present to be a silly old man.
A. appeared
B. pretended
C. shown
D. thought
12. Thomas Alva Edison didn’t “invent”the light bulb (灯泡), but rather he ______ a 50 –year –old idea, which is not well –known.
A. improved upon
B. take down
C. put up
D. break away
13. You’d better ______ some hot water into the bottle in case the teacools down.
A. add
B. fill
C. fill in
D. put
14. After retirement, Mr. Smith ______ painting, which he had always loved but had not had time for.
A. took up
B. got up
C. help up
D. looked up
15. She tried hard to keep calm in face of the students, but the sweat on her forehead _____ her ____.
A. gave; away
B. tuned; down
C. showed; out
D. shut; off
答案与解析
1、A 句意：这位老师有一种疏导学生在说英语时产生的紧张情绪的独特方法。Break down :to separate something such as an idea or statement into smaller parts in order to make it easier to understand or deal with .go over 复习；take off脱下，起飞；give away分发，赠给，泄露（秘密）。
2、A 句意：有船只严阵以待，预防紧急情况。stand by 为不及物短语：to wait and be ready for action if needed 准备行动；待机；turn on 打开；get on进展；run down撞倒。根据句意，
B 、C、D 三项均不符合。
3、D句意：你仅出半价，店员怎么会把这件夹克卖给你呢？offer: to say that you will pay
a particular amount of money to buy something 出价六万英镑买这所房子。 Charge(收费)不符合题意。抚讲价（offer）而后才能药费（spend）或支付（pay）帮A、B两项不合常理。
4、C句意：在采取措施之前，他在脑中将这个问题反复思考了一个星期。turn over :to think
about carefully仔细考虑；switch on把开关打开；kick up引起；take on呈现、雇用、承担。
5、C trouble主要指遇上难解决的问题而使人苦恼、忧虑；puzzled 指人是困惑的，因此将A、D两项排除；根据句意，自然的平衡本身并不是混乱的（confused）,而不受到了人为的干扰（disturbed）,才会导致不可预见的影响。因此选择C项。
6、C turn sb.over :把……移交，把……交给；turn sb. down:拒绝；turn sb.off :使对（某人）感到厌烦、使不感兴趣；turn sb.out:驱逐，赶走。根据句意“她总是在午夜弄出很大的响声，我提醒她时，她还总是说些粗鲁的话”，由此可知她是使我烦透了，选择C项。
7、C hold down压制，限制；hold up推迟，耽搁；hold back阻挡，抑制；hold out提供，提出。句意：人们种了大量的树，为了阴挡风和沙尘。由此可知答案为C项。
8、C前三项意思相同，都可以表示“反对（做）、某事”：be against(doing)sth.:oppose(doing) sth.; object to(doing) sth.。但是objiet还可接宾语从句，这时它为及物动词，意思为“提出异议”。前一句邀请对方一起去Paris，答话人说他很愿意去，但是妈妈提出异议说他年龄太小。D项explain虽然也可执着that 从句，但是它的含义为“解释”不能明确地说明妈妈的态度是赞成还是反对。
9、C go out外出，熄灭；go off爆炸，中断；go through通过，完成，经历；go without 忍受某事物的缺乏。句意：啤酒卖完了，酒吧也都关门了，所以你只好将就一下了。
10、B易误选C，win 指赢得了比赛、奖励、胜利等，不可以与a great success 连用。Enjoy享有，如：He enjoys a reputation for honesty. 本题中的enjoy a great success 意为win large sales。句意：《天下无贼》一举成功，同时也给电影院带来了巨大的盈利。
11、A 句意：父亲衣冠不整，谈吐怪异，在在场者眼中，父亲想必显得是一个傻老人的形象。解题的关键在于是否能将to the people present(present“在场的”，作后置定语修饰the people)准确地分离出来。
12、A句意：鲜为人知是的，爱迪生并没有发明灯炮，而是在其50年前的发明上改进了电灯泡（把灯丝寿命延长到13.5小时）。Improve on/upon超过，改进；take down把……拆卸开；put up张贴，搭建；break away摆脱。
13、D句意：你最好往瓶子里倒些热水，以免茶变凉。比较下列句子：You’d better put some hot water into the bottle. You’d better add some hot water to the cold water .You’d better fill the bottle with some hot water.
14、A句意：退休后，史密斯先生开始绘画了，这是他从前喜爱，却又没有时间做的事情。take up: begin to spend time doing开始花时间从事（某项活动）；get up起床，起立;hold up
推迟；look up查找、改善。
15、A 句意：她努力地试图在学生面前保持镇定，但是她前额的汗水使她露了马脚。Give away: reveal露出了马脚；turn sb .down 拒绝；show sb.out带某人出去；shut sb.off使隔绝。
高考英语高频动词短语
高考英语高频动词短语act act as 担任……职务，起……作用 act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事） act out 表演（对话、故事等） act up 捣乱，出毛病 ask ask for要；请求 ask after sb 问候某人 ask sb along邀请…作伴、同行 answer answer for sth对……负责 answer back 为自己辩护；答辩 answer sb back 和…顶嘴 break break away 摆脱，脱离 break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入 break into … 闯入……，破门而入 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule 违反规定 break through 突围，冲跨 break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开 bring bring about 引起，导致，使发生 bring along 把……带来，领来 bring back 拿回来，使恢复，使回想起 bring sth/sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒bring sb back 送回某人 bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进,提高，使…长得更快bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出bring to 使苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring/carry sth to/into effect 实施… bring up 抚养，培养，哺育，呕吐 bring forth 使产生 bring forward 提出，提议，把…提前 blow blow down表示“吹倒”、“刮倒”
2020年高考英语热点内容专练四 语法填空(含答案)
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归类复习参考高考英语核心动词
改革开放的三十多年，我国经济得到了巨大的发展，已经从依赖资源、廉价劳动力的时代进入知识经济时代。知识经济条件下，创新将成为经济增长的根本所在。何以创新？人力资源管理成为关键。公司若要在竞争的社会中立于不败之地，必须把人才资源放在第一位，只有有效、合理、科 高考英语核心动词归类 动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点， 在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。 一、连系动词类 连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种： 1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become，go，turn，grow，get，fall等。 2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel，smell，taste，look，sound等。 3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep，come，run，remain，stand，lie，stay，prove等。4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear，seem，look等。 连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个(如feel，get，become，grow等)外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如： The mixture is tasted terrible. (误) The mixture tastes terrible (正) Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in. (误) Jim pretended to fall/be sleep when his mother came in. (正) I'm feeling much better than ever before. It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall. 【高考例题】 (1)[NMET1994]—Do you like the material? —Yes, it _____ very soft. A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt (2) [NMET2003]Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ fresh for several days. A.be stayed B.stay C.be staying D.have stayed (3) [2004春上海]The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____ as the plane was making a landing. A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating (4) [2002北京]Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _____ run over by a car. A.have B.get C.become D.passed (5)[2004天津]Happy birthday, Alice. So you have _____ twenty-one already. A.become B.turned C.grown D.passed (6)[2004全国Ⅱ]Sarah, hurry up. I′m afraid you can't have time to _____ before the party. A.get changed B.get change C.get changing D.get to change (7)[2004湖北]On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____ pale.
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be able to (do) 能(做)，会(做) be about to (do) 即将，正要 be absent from 缺勤，缺课 be abundant in 丰富的，富裕的 be accustomed to 习惯于，适应于 be acquainted with 与…相识，熟悉，了解 be active in 积极于 be afraid of 恐怕，害怕，担忧 be alive to 注意到，对…敏感 be angry at 因某事生气 be angry with 对…发怒 be anxious about 担心，为…担忧 be anxious for 急切盼望，渴望 be anxious to(do) 渴望(做) be ashamed of 为…感到害臊 be aware of 意识到 be bad at 拙于，不善于 be based on 根据，以…为基础 be beside oneself 极度兴奋，对自己的感情失去控制be better off 生活优裕起来，境况好起来 be bound to(do) 一定会，不得不
236条高考英语高频短语及固定搭配大汇总!
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高考英语高频短语(非常详细非常有帮助!)
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高中英语高频精华短语
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高考英语一轮复习短文改错热点突破与真题跟踪练
高考英语一轮复习短文改错热点突破与真题跟踪练 热点考向 短文改错中的一致性原则所涉及的内容包括：主谓一致性原则、时态一致性原则、代词指代一致性原则。 热点1主谓一致性原则 (1)把握好名词或代词作主语时的主谓一致性。 (2)注意当名词性从句、动名词(短语)或不定式(短语)作主语时，句子的谓语动词多用单数。 (3)重视主语后跟的连接词。 (4)注意某些限定词修饰的名词作主语时的主谓一致性。 热点2时态一致性原则 (1)多个谓语动词并列时，其时态必须保持一致。 (2)主从复合句的时态一致性： 在状语从句中，大多数情况下主从句前后的时态要保持一致；但在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句为将来时态时，从句用现在时表将来。在宾语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词用现在时或将来时，则从句的谓语动词可用任何时态；若主句谓语动词用过去时，则从句中的谓语动词也要用相应的某种过去时态，但从句所表述的内容是普遍存在的客观真理时，从句仍用现在时。 热点3代词指代一致性原则 要注意上下文中的代词指代应前后一致，若前面是the woman，则其后的代词就是she，her，hers等。 解题原则 在解答短文改错题时，考生要遵循以下原则： (1)保持原意原则 短文改错只是要求考生对其中的用词错误和句法错误进行修改和更正，而不是改变文章或者作者所表达的意思、语气和上下文逻辑关系，也不用调整句子顺序和结构等。 (2)改动最少原则
做短文改错题时每处错误只能在一个词上进行改动。通常有：在错词下画线并在其下面写出正确的词；将多余的词划掉；在缺词处画个漏字符号并在其下面写出要加的词。 (3)改动实词、添加或删除虚词原则 根据近几年高考分析，对实词的处理一般为改变形式而不是改变其词义，也不能改用另一个实词，更不能随意增减；而添加或删除的多半是冠词、介词、关系词等。 (4)简洁规范原则 考生必须使用规定符号去答题，而不能用文字去表达。有时有些考生不仅答题不规范，没有把错误的改成正确的，而且把正确的反而给改错了，这样就不能得分。 解题步骤 步骤1抓住主线，确定时态 通读语篇、抓住主线、贯穿全文是顺利完成短文改错的关键所在。动词是语句的核心，确定基本时态、前后比对是解决动词问题的法宝。一篇短文的基本时态若确定了，要确定动词的相关形式也就有章可循了。 步骤2整句理解，分行斟酌 短文改错的命题形式一般是给出一篇短文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。也就是说，短文改错是以“句”为阅读单位的。这就要求考生在解题时以句子为基础，在全面理解上下文的同时，又要在每一句中仔细斟酌，判断正误。 步骤3前后贯通，复读检查 有的错误比较隐蔽，只靠一遍阅读是很难发现的，这时必须做到前后贯通，复读检查，考生要根据平时所积累的词汇、语法和惯用法知识及语感，检查修改后的文章是否通顺。在复读过程中，既要重视词汇、句子的字面含义，又要弄清上下文的内在逻辑。 步骤4规范解答，注意细节 在短文改错答题过程中，考生应严格按照试题要求进行规范答题。如“”、“∧”、“\”分别代表错词标记、缺词标记以及多词删除标记。另外，错词、缺词时答案均要求写在正下方，避免过失性失分。 解题技巧 1．坚持三个原则、做到三个不改
高考英语常用动词
高考英语常用动词 1 catch fire=to start burning<着火> 2 catch one’s breath<缓口气，歇口气> 3 That car caught his eyes/attention.<引起注意> 4 The police caught him stealing a car.=to discover suddenly and by surprise especially when someone is doing something bad<撞见，突然发现> 5 That style has never caught on in China.=become popular<流行> 6 He was caught in the rain.=be stuck<被困扰> Her skirt got caught in the door.=be hooked<被钩住> 7 I suddenly caught sight of him in the crowd.<看见> 1 She made it clear that she would support Australia.<弄清楚，查明白，明确> 2 After the storm the sky cleared.<晴朗起来> 3 The waitress will clear away these dishes in a moment.<收走> 4 How can we clear away，these doubts?<消除，清除> 5 The weather has cleared up;we can go out.<晴朗起来，开朗起来> 6 You'll have to clear up the things on the table before we have tea.<整理，收拾> 1 I don't care what they say. I shall go on just the same.<在乎，在意> 2 If you care to hear it，I will tell it to you.<愿意> 3 Albert Einstein cared little for money. He was seen using a cheque for$1500 as a bookmark.<喜欢> Would you care for a cup of coffee?=Would you like...?<礼貌用语你喜欢/要……吗?> 4 He cared about money.<喜欢> 5 The mother cared for the sick child day and night<照顾，照料>
高考英语常用动词词组攻略篇
高考英语常用动词词组攻略篇 一、add （1）If you add 5 to 5，you get 10.<把……加到……上面> Five added to five is/makes 10. （2）This will add to our trouble.<增加> The balloons added to the festival atmosphere.<增加> （3）His whole school education added up to no more than one year.<加起来总共> （4）Add up the numbers，and you will get 1155.<加……> （题组训练）用与add相关的短语填空： 1、The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather added _______the helplessness of the crew at sea. 2、The numbers add _______95. 答案：1、to 2、up to 二、agree （1）agree on<就……达成共识> （2）agree to do sth.<同意做（某事）> agree to the plan/decision/arrangement<同意> （3）I don't agree with you/what you said/your advice.<同意> The climate here doesn't agree with me.<指食物、天气等适合某人> Your story agrees with what I have already beard.<和……一致> （题组训练）用与agree相关的短语填空： 3、Mutton doesn't agree ________________ him. 4、The verb agrees ________________ its subject in number and person. 5、We couldn't agree ________________ a date. 答案：3、with 4、with 5、on 三、break （1）I am sorry that I broke my promise<违背，违反> break one's word/break the law/break the rule （2）His health broke.<（身体或精神）垮了> （3）He broke away from all his old friends.<断绝来往，脱离> （4）I should break away from such habits.<改掉（习惯）> （5）All our plans broke down. The peace talks have broken down. <（计划、谈判等）失败> Her health broke down under the pressure of work. （=become very bad）<被搞垮，垮掉> The telephone system has broken down.<（机器或车辆）出故障；坏掉> （6）The thieves planned to break into a bank.<闯入，破门进入> （7）The Second World War broke out in September 1939.<爆发> （8）After midnight，the party broke up.<散（会）> （9）I broke up the candy and gave each child a small piece.<分开> The police broke up the crowd.<分开，分散>
2020高考英语高频词组汇总
2018高考英语高频词组汇（627个） 1 abandon oneself to sth. 完全屈从于（某种感情或冲动） 2 have a (the )ability to do sth. ( have the ability in doing sth.)有能力做某事 3 to the best of one's ability 尽力 4 be about to do ….when…正准备做某事突然。。。 5 above all 首先，最重要；in all 总计after all 毕竟；终究 6 at home and abroad 在国内外；go abroad 出国 7 in sb’s absence 不在时；in the absence of （人）不在时；be absent from 缺席 8 be absorbed in 全神贯注于9 access to 接近；进入 10 by accident ,by chance 偶然；by mistake 由于错误 11 be delayed through an accident 由于事故而耽误 12 be accompanied by 附有；伴随13 according to (后面不接view，opinion…)；in my opinion 14 collect accounts收账；open an account 开账户；keep accounts 记账；account for说明； give a full account of 做一个完整的说明；on account of=because of 因为 15 accuse sb. of… 控告某人；charge sb. with sth. 起诉某人；Blame sb. for sth. 责备某人 16 be accustomed to sth.( to doing sth.)=be used to sth.(to doing sth.)习惯于干某事 17 have some acquaintance with 熟悉；熟知18 come (run) across （偶然）碰到；get sth. across 使人理解；领会19 act as充当，担任；act out 表演（对话、故事）；act on(upon) 对。。。起作用 20 catch sb. in the act of doing sth. 抓住某人干某事；take action 采取行动 21 be active in 在。。。积极take an active part in 积极参加lead an active life过着积极的生活 22 adapt oneself to 使自己适应adapt sth. to 使某物适应adapt from 根据。。。改写（改编） 23 add in 包括；加进去add to 增加；加强add… to 把。。。加到。。。上；add up to 合加起来 24 be addicted to sth.( doing sth. ) 嗜好。。。的；上了。。。瘾的25 in addtion/ in addtion to 此外 26 deliver an address to 向。。发表演讲giving a closing address 致闭幕词an address of welcome 欢迎词 27 admit to sth.( doing sth.) 承认28 in advance=beforehand 提前 29 be of great (no ) advantage to 对。。。大大有利（毫无裨益）；gain(have) an advantage over优于；胜过；take advantage of sb. 利用某人；欺骗某人30 put an advertisement 登广告 31 ask for sb's advice 征求某人的建议give sb. advice on how to do sth. 就如何干某事提出忠告 32 advise sb. on sth. 就某事对某人提出忠告；advise sb. against( doing) sth.劝某人不干某事 33 be afraid of 害怕；担心be afraid to do 不敢做某事34 be after 寻求；追求 35 be against one's proposal 反对（意见go against nature违背自然stand against the wall 靠墙而立 36 at the age of 在。。。岁时；be under age 未成年 37 agree with sb.( what 从句)；agree with the climate/饮食对气候等的适应 agree to +advice/suggestion/ idea/proposal …agree on (upon) 。。。就。。达成一致意见 38 ahead of ( time) 在。。。前面go ahead 继续；前进 39 aid sb. in sth./aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事in aid of 支持；give sb. first aid对某人实施急救 40 aim at 瞄准41 on the air（用无线电、电视）播送in the air 在空中；by air 乘飞机；put on (give oneself) airs 摆架子42 all along 一直；始终all over the country(world)遍及全国（世界）all alone 单独；独自地all but 几乎；差一点43 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事；allow doing sth. 允许做某事44 let alone 更不用说45 get along (on) with 在。。。方面有进展take along with 随身携带46 not only...but also47 make an analysis of 分析48 in the ancient time 在古代49 and so on/and so forth 等等 50 be angry about sth.对某事生气be angry at sth.因某事生气be be angry with sb.生某人的气 51 annoy sb. with sth./annoy sb. by doing sth. 因。。。使某人生气；52 one after another 相继 53 answer for 对。。。负责answer sb's call 回电话make no answer 不作回答
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