雅思写作笔记整理

?IELTS WRITING

Task 1

?“分类意识”图表题正文段分段原则

?单图: 先分类后分段

?双/三图: 每个图表一段

?四图: 先分类后分段（分类提取）

?如何写好小作文的3大段落

? 1. 开头段的写法：改写原题，写1-2句。剑桥考官提供的范文亦是如此: c7t1: The pie charts show units of electricity by fuel source in Australia and France in 1980 and 2000.

考官满分范文开头段就简单改写为：

The pie compares the sources of electricity in Australia and France in 1980 and 2000.

?同义词替换

The UK/ Britain/ the United Kingdom

Proportion/percentage

Information/data

Males/men females/women

From… to (年代）／between …and , over a period of …. years

The number of /the figure for(可数不可数都可以）

Family/ household

?介绍图表常用动词

? 1. show 表明

? 2.describe 描述，描写

? 3.illustrate 阐明

? 4.represent 展示

? 5.display 呈现

? 6. reveal 揭示

?7. demonstrate 显示

?8.indicate 暗示

?9.unfold 显露

?10. convey 表达

?11.reflect 反映

?开头段万能句

?Writing about data

? 1. number

? 2. figure（for）数字

? 4. statistic （一项）数据

? 5. percent／percentage

? 6.proportion 比率／rate／ratio（比例）

?7.amount of（uncon连用）

?数据的表达方式

1.From 数据in 年份to 数据in 年份

2.Peak at 数据bottom at 数据

3.用括号引出

4.Decrease to 数据/ increase up to ／about 数据

5.表达幅度用by：百分比（上升下降了）

6.which was about 数据

7.趋势with 数据

?主体段的写法

?主体段的首句写法

c8t1

?描述趋势的几种句型

1.以对象为主语（Band 6)

1.1对象＋趋势v

1.2对象＋经历＋趋势n

2.以there be为主语(Band 5)

there be +趋势＋in 对象

3.以趋势做主语

3.1趋势＋被看到＋in对象（Band 7)

3.2 趋势＋发生＋in 对象（Band 7)

4.以时间为主的主语

?时间＋witness ＋趋势＋in 对象（Band 7）

?主题段x句写法：分项描写信息

步骤1:确定静态图/动态图

步骤2:确定有3个比较说明对象（工业、农业和家庭用水）

步骤3:类似的数据归类（如工业用水中的美国和日本的数据）

步骤4:从三个对象的最高值（英国的工业用水／英国的家庭用水／中国的农业用水）开始分析

?结尾段的写法

1. 重述总体特征；

In conclusion, more teachers were in Chinese regular schools in the 1990s than 30 years before.

?时间先后关系then/afterwards/ after that/after which/before/follow by

?总分关系more/specifically/to be more specific

说明趋势：trend, momentum.

波动:fluctuate（between…. and),/fluctuation／rises and falls/ vary from….. to ?小作文7分词汇

?Noteworthy/ remarkable 显著的

?Not surprisingly 意料之中地

?Per annum 每年

?By far 目前为止

?Discernable 可识别的

?Shift (from.. towards)

?Accompanying 伴随的

?Evenly 平均地

throughout（the world) 贯穿遍布

follow closely behind 紧跟着

related to 相关

as might be expected 正如所料

?starting/ initial/beginning/original /preliminary

?小作文7分词汇

3.插入语

(1)Europe, with the greatest consumption per head of cigarettes, was………

(2)The greatest proportion of electricity, namely 59%, was generated by oil.

?地图题Map

1.选址比较题：要求考生对建筑物不同地址的利弊进行比较，而且多数选址在两个场地上进行。

主体通常按照不同的选址来划分主体段，每段自述利弊

结尾段：做结论，哪个地点比较好

开头段用一般现在时，主体段则要用would／could／might等虚拟语气。

核心要求：讲清不同选址的各自优缺点

?The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket (S) is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for supermarket.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

2.历史变迁题：要求考生对某个地理区域在不同历史年代里的情况进行比较，因为其设计年代变化，所以本质为“地图题＋流程图”。

主体段按照时间顺序来划分，一个时间段可以写一段，但如果同一时间段，可以考虑写成一大段。

结尾段写：xx是如何发展的，或简单说地图展示来xx在…阶段的变化过程。

开头段一般现在时，主体和结尾段过去式。

核心要点：讲清楚同一区域不同年代的异同而不是优劣

?地图题词汇句型汇总

1. A 位于 A is located/ situated

A lies（lay）/is just off the road (就在通向某地的路边上）

A is located in the center of ( A 位于……的中央）

right 可以表示“正好”位于 e.g. A is right in the town center.

2. A 离B 很近A is near B/ A is close to B

3. A 就在B 旁边，A紧挨着B A is next to B/ A is adjacent to B

4.A 在离B某一面……..公里的／英里某处

A is located/ is situated/lies…..kilometers/miles to the east/west/north/south

of B

5. A 位于B的某一个角上

A is located on the north-east/north-west/south-east/south-west corner of B

6. 剩下的其他部分the rest of

7. 道路通向／河流通向某处the road runs from to/ the river runs from… to

8. 河流或道路穿过某一区域the river runs through

9.沿着河流／道路等along/alongside the river/road

10.A在道路或者河流的某一侧A is located on the north of the river/road

11. A 与B 仅一河之隔／一路之隔A is right across from B

12. A 在B的对面A is opposite B (无介词）

13.A 朝北／朝南／面朝公园等A faces north/ A faces a park

14. A 位于场地内靠某一侧的边界旁边

A is located on the eastern/western/northern/southern boundary of the site

15. 建筑物或场地各部分的布局layout

16. 建筑物周围的环境the surrounding of a building

17.某一空间被建筑物占着A is occupied by….

18. 组成构成 A consist of/ is composed of B,C,D

19. 长度／宽度the length/width is // A is …… in length/width

20. A的面积是 A is ……. in area

21. 描述形状的形容词rectangular 长方形的round 圆形的

square 正方形的L-shaped triangular 三角形

22.覆盖很小的面积cover a small/large area

23. 从….. 延伸到extend from…..to 多用被动表示其被加长到了

24. 比较，“与……..不同的是”

unlike A, B /compared with A, B/ in comparison with A and B

A ……. While/whereas/By contrast

B ……

?地址比较题特有词汇句式汇总

1.Proposal 提议

2.potential/ possible/ proposed （场地）备选的

3.site／location／场地

4.available 可以使用的be easily accessible to

5.accommodate 可以容纳

6.in theory／theoretically 理论上讲in fact

?历史变迁特有词汇句式汇总

1.在某处建造了a was built in/was constructed in /was put up in

2.在某处有增建了a was added to…../ an addition was made to …… which

was A .

3.改动原有建筑合场所

change/modify(modification)/remodel(remodeling)

4. A 被改造成了b A was turned into b/ was converted into b

5. a 被从场地上移走或拆掉了 a was removed /demolished/taken down

?地图题Map

6.a 被b 取代了 a was replaced by b

7. 场地上某些其他事物已经被移走，但a 存留了下来

…………,but A remained (remain 不能用被动态）

8 重建rebuild

9.A 的面积被缩小了the size of a was reduced(to only half/ one third of its original size)

10.时间顺序词at first/ initially /originally

next/ after that/ at the next stage/ in the next period/ then

finally/ eventually/ in the end

?地图题Map

?TASK I：流程图

目的：

让没有看到图表的人，听完你的描述后，就对图表的主要特征有所了解

方法：

1）结构（时间/空间顺序）

2）流程（时间顺序）/功能（例举）*必须分段

?流程图的四要素(20%)

? 1. 流程图的信息比数学图表零散，而且是“一环扣一环”。因此，在看图的时候必须更加仔细。

? 2. 流程图里面存在的生词是完全正常的。

? 3. 表示顺序的单词或短语一定要多用（流程图无非是描述一个过程）? 4. 如果发现流程特别复杂，那么就合并成几个大步来写

?At the first stage of(in) the process, first/ first of all(the process begins with the…..)

?At the second stage

?After this/after that=next=at the stage of the process= at the following stage/subsequent

?Then／following this

?Finally/eventually(大作文不可用）

?Constituent part 组成部分／stage/phase

2013雅思写作机经整理

1-5 科技类同不同意题型 Some people think that people who prefer to read for pleasure will have better imagination and language skills than people who like watching TV. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 1-10 抽象类同不同意题型 The most important thing of people's life is his or her work. Without satisfying career, the life is meaningless. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 1-12 教育类利弊分析题型 In some countries, the parents expect children to spend long time in studying both in and after school and have less free time. Do you think it has positive or negative effects on children and the society? 1-19 教育类同不同意题型 Caring for children is probably the most important thing of the society. It is suggested that all mothers and fathers should be required to take the childcare courses. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement? 2-2 科技类+教育类双边讨论题型 Some people think watching TV is bad for children, while others think that watching TV has more beneficial effects on children. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion 2-14 工作类双边讨论题型 Some people believe that young people should be free to choose his or her job, while others think that they should be realistic and think about their future. Discuss both views and give your own opinion

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Listening 1.开头——复习+主旨 例外：①课堂复习——不考标志过去时态 开始标志：now,today，OK，while ②教师道歉 ③归纳法开头，先给出例子，再给出结论--记例子主体&论点 2.结尾——推断+细节 3.注意重复细节与观点 4.举例——记例子主体，注意提示词 5.定义解释——其中关系 6.注意可以停顿 7.注意课堂引导词——remember now OK while imagine today 8.授课中问答 9.因果关系 10.听清层次——firstly secondly... 11.注意转折 12.Listen again 专业术语不变避免原词重复 Speaking notes Q1&Q2 To start with I believe most of people would choose... However i would like to choose... today i have two arguments to supports to support my idea. Today i mainly have one important argument to back up my idea Take me for example... For instance... For example Furthermore what's more

To summarize to conclude all in all Based on the two points i have already mentioned ...will always be my choice... Q3 1.The school wants/plans to do The school policy is... The school wants to carry out a policy which is... 2.sb suggests/advises that the university should (stop) do... 3.In the conversation，the man disagrees，and he has two points In the listening material，the man agree with the policy because of the following reasons... 4.First，the school think，however the man think... Second... Based on the two points the man disagree. Q4 In this set of material，the reading passage introduce a theory/principle/definition...which means(suggests) that... In the lecture，the professor uses/gives us/provides us/offers us one/two examples to explain/illustrate/demonstrate/clarify this theory. The first is about... The second is ... Q5 1.time conflict ①to find sb else to replace/take place of you to find sb to help him

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2014+2015年雅思A类写作真题全年汇总

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如果考试中遇到难点，要灵活处理 上下义改写+同义词替换 2009.02.02写作 教育的目的： Adequate expertise fd Professional commitment Upright conduct Competent mental condition 经典写作模式 Agree or disagree? Introductory paragraph(不写题目) 1. general statement →背景交代 开头先写一个与主题思想相反的观点（以第三人称的方式） ◆多用大词（3个或3个音节以上） 大词含量10%＊400=40 Some /many /a number of people who think this view that……claim that…… Large /great /huge /certain/ considerable /infinite/tremendous /enormous /astronomical Hold /believe / insist / propose / assert/ maintain Idea /standpoint ◆实词要多样化variety

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The best solution to traffic congestion in cities is offering free transport 24 hours a day, seven days a week. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

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