初中宾语从句讲解与练习

宾语从句常见考点分析

在复合句中作及物动词、介词或者形容词的宾语的句子称为宾语从句。中考题经常从宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态以及直接引语变间接引语等方面进行考查。

一宾语从句的引导词

（一）语法链接

1.当宾语从句是由陈述句变来时，引导词要用that，that无意义，在非正式

文体中常省略。如：

He says (that) he will go skating tomorrow. 他说明天他要去滑冰。

2.当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变来时，引导词要用if/whether“是否”。如：

Linda asked me if/whether I had a great time yesterday. 琳达问我昨天过得是否愉快。

3.当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变来时，要用原来的疑问代词或疑问副词作引

导词。如：

I don’t know when we’ll leave. 我不知道我们什么时候离开。

4. 宾语从句在介词之后，或者与or not 连用时，通常用whether不用if。

如：

They’re talking about whether they will join the club. 他们正在讨论是否要加入这个俱乐部。

He asked the teacher whether she should do to the museum by bike or not.

她问老师是否要骑自行车去博物馆。

Eg: He asked me ______ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane.（2008陕西）

A. that

B. if

C. how

D. what

二宾语从句的语序

（一）语法链接

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，即：引导词+主语+谓语+其它或者是引导词（作宾语从句的主语）+谓语+其它。如：

I wonder when he will come back? 我想知道他什么时候回来？

Do you know who invented the computer? 你知道谁发明的电脑吗？

eg:—Do you know ____?

—Sorry, I don't know. （2008湖北武汉）

A. where does Jimmy work

B. where Jimmy works

C. how does Jimmy go to work

D. what does Jimmy do

三宾语从句的时态

（一）相关语法链接

1.当主句是一般现在时时，后面的宾语从句应根据实际使用合适的时态。如：

I know they had a great time last Sunday. 我知道他们上周过得很愉快。

I hope they will have a great time next week. 我希望他们下周过得愉快。

2.当主句是一般过去时时，后面的宾语从句要用过去的某一时态。如：

He said he had left his backpack at home. 他说他把书包忘在家里了。

3.当宾语从句表示的是普遍真理时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般

现在时。如：

The teacher told his children the moon travels around the earth. 老师告诉他的学生月亮围着地球转。

Eg:—Do you know ____ for Shanghai last night?

—At 9:00. （2008北京）

A. what time he leaves

B. what time does he leave

C. what time he left

D. what time did he leave

四宾语从句与直接引语变间接引语

（一）相关语法链接

直接引语变间接引语总体上属于宾语从句的范畴，直接引语是引用别人的原话，间接引语是转述别人的话，直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的变化规则基本一致，除了应该注意宾语从句的引导词、时态、语序三大方面外，还要特别注意人称、时间、地点等的变化。如：

1. “What subject do you like best?” Mr. Wang asked Bill. (改为间接宾语)

Mr. Wang asked Bill what subject he liked best. (直接宾语的人称代词you在间接宾语中变为he)

2. He said to me, “I’m going to play tennis tomorrow.” (改为间接宾语)

He told me that he was going to play tennis the next day. (直接宾语的人称代词I在间接宾语中变为he，时间状语由原来的tomorrow变为the next day) eg：A: He said, “Are you interested in English?”（改为同义句）

B: He asked me _________ I _________ interested in English. (2008湖北孝感)

1. —I think it’s going to be a problem.

—Yes, it could be.

—I wonder_________ we can do about it. (2008湖北十堰)

A. what

B. how

C. if

D. that

2. —Can you tell me ? （2008天津）

—Yesterday.

A. when did he buy the car

B. where did he buy the car

C. when he bought the car

D. where he bought the car

3. —May I come in? I’m sorry I am late.

—Come in, please. But could you please tell me________? (2008河南)

A. why you are late again

B. what were you doing then

C. who you talked with

D. how do you come to school

4. —What did the woman ask just now ?

—She asked _____.（2008河北涿鹿）

A. who was I waiting for

B. where I live

C. how she can get to the post office

D. whether she could help to find the

post office

5.“Are you going to watch the football match next Sunday?”Father asked me. (改为复合句)

Father asked me ________ ________ __________going to watch the football match the next Sunday.（2007山东济南）

宾语从句专项练习

一. 单项填空

1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday?

A. what will Tom do

B. what did Tom do

C. what Tom will do

D. what Tom did

2. I want to know_________.

A. what is his name

B. what’s his name

C. that his name is

D. what his name is

3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam?

A. that

B. whether

C. what

D. which

4. Jim doesn’t understand ____________.

A. which is the way to the museum

B. why his wife always goes shopping

C. what is the way to the museum

D. why does she always go shopping

5. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for?

A. that

B. whose

C. who

D. which

6. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.

A. when does his son come home

B. when his son comes home

C. when did his son come home

D. when his son came home

7. Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning?

A. how does he mend

B. how he mends

C. how he mended

D. how did he mend

8. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive? ---Usually it comes by 4: 00.

A. how

B. where

C. when

D. what

9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________?

---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.

A. how we can get to the post office

B. how can we get to the post office

C. how get to the post office

D. how could we get to the post office

10. ---Can I help you?

---Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to get there?

A. how soon will it

B. how soon it wil

C. how long it will

D. how long will it

11. He wanted to know ___________.

A. whether he speaks at the meeting

B. when the meeting would start

C. what he’s going to do at the meeting

D. where would the meeting be held

12. ---Could you tell me _________ the Bamboo Garden?

---The day after tomorrow, I think.

A. when will you visit

B. when you will visit

C. when would you visit

D. when you would visit

13. Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr Wang?

A. what should we do

B. we should do what

C. what we should do

D. should we do what

14. You can’t imagine _________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

A. how they were excited

B. how excited they were

C. how excited were they

D. they were how excited

15. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.

A. that

B. when

C. where

D. whether

16. ---Could you tell me ____________?

---Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting.

A. what does he say at the meeting

B. what did he say at the meeting

C. what he says at the meeting

D. what he said at the meeting

17. ---Could you tell me _________ last night?

---Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home.

A. what you were doing

B. what were you doing

C. what you are doing

D. what are you doing

18. The teacher asked the students __________.

A. if they were interested in dinosaurs

B. when was Albert Einstein born

C. what they will do with the computers

D. how many trees they have planted

19. Every morning the patients are asked if ______their temperature taken.

A. they had had

B. have they had

C. they have had

D. had they had

20. It’s up to you to decide _______ you’ll go there, by air or by road.

A. how

B. why

C. that

D. when

同义句转换：

She wants to know how she can use the digital camera

She wants to know ____ ____ use the digital camera

She wants to know how to use the digital camera.

“特殊疑问词+to do”是不定式短语的一种，相当于一个以特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。如：

I don't know what to do. =I don't know what I should do.

用的时机：主从句的人称

She can't decide that which coat she will choose

_______________________________________

Could you tell us where we well meet this afternoon?

_________________________________________

I don’t know what I should do next.

______________________________________

she decided when she would leave.

____________________________________

we haven’t decided where they can go for a holiday.

______________________________________

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