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英语代词用法归纳

英语代词用法归纳
英语代词用法归纳

英语代词的用法全归纳

一、定义与分类

代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况,在这九类代词中,不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。

二:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词用法概述

这三种代词都有人称(一、二、三人称)的变化、数(单、复数)的变化,以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)的变化。其中,人称代词除了这三种变化外,还有格(主格、宾格)的变化。

物主代词又包括两种形式:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意:形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。

这三种代词的形式变化表如下:

人称单复

形容词

物主代

名词性

物主代

反身代词

第一人称单

I me my mine myself 复

we us our ours ourselves

第二人称单

you you your yours yourself

复数you you your yours

yourselve

s

第三人称单

he him his his himself

she her her hers herself

it it its 无itself 复

they them their theirs

themselv

es

三、人称代词的用法

1) 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。代词一致。

如:I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student.

Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing.

The boys are students, and they are in the room.

The doy is small. It is Tom's.

2)人称代词的句法功能

A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。宾语一般在Vt.和Prep.后。

B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。做主语时,人称为二三一。但是复数形式时为一二三。注意主谓一致:第三人称。

如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语)

You ,he and I are good friends(主语).

Neither she nor I am student. It might have been she.

C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语,或者介词的宾语。

如:I saw him at the party(宾语). I bought a book for them.(作介词宾语) =I bought them a book.(间接宾语)

☆注意:

a.在口语中,人称代词的主格形式作表语时,常常可以用宾格替换。

如:——Is this Mr. Green? ——Yes, this is he/him.

b. 在口语中,当人称代词用于than, as 之后或用于强调句中被强调时,用主格(较正式)和宾格(较口语化)均可以。如:

He sings better than I/me. 他比我唱得好。

She is as tall as me(I am).

c. 单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它充当的是主语也是如此。如:“I like English.” “Me too =I like English too .”

“我喜欢英语。”“我也喜欢。”

三、物主代词

1) 名词性物主代词 mine/ours/yours/his/hers/its/theirs

名词性物主代词则不能用作定语,相当于一个名词词组,可以单独使用,在句中用作主语、宾语、表语、和介词of 连用。

名词性物主代词:mine/ours/yours/his/hers/its/theirs 形容词性物主代词:my/our/your/his/her/its/their

May I use your pen? Yours works better. 主语

I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 宾语

I am writing with your pen, not with mine. 介词宾语

My life is yours. 表语

2)形容词性物主代词的用法my/our/your/his/her/its/their

形容词性物主代词在句中只用作定语,相当于一个形容词,不能单独使用;后要跟名词。但是不与冠词、指示代词连用。翻译为。。。的

A) 形容词性物主代词与形容词一起修饰名词时,其顺序是:形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词。如:

my new bike我的新自行车her young son 她年幼的儿子

B) 形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,它后面必须跟名词,即在名词前作定语。如:

这是我的钢笔.[误]This pen is my. [正]This is my pen.

※注意:A) 名词性物主代词后不能跟名词,或代词one。它总是单独出现在句中。如:The umbrella is mine.

He likes my pen. He doesn’t like hers.

B) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词

为避免重复使用名词,有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。

如:My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink.

为避免重复使用bag,可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.

C) 可以说a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs),=one of my friends;但是不能说a friend of me (us, you, her, him, them)。

D) 有时同一个结构用不用物主代词会导致含义的变化。如:Don’t lose heart. 别灰心She lost her heart to Jim. 她爱上了吉姆。

四、反身代词的用法

1)定义:

如人称代词一致,反身代词的人称和数以及性要和它所指代的名词或代词一致。

2)反身代词的句法功能:反身代词只有主语和宾语是同一个人时才可以使用。

反身代词可用作宾语、同位语、表语等。用作同位语时,主要用于加强被修饰词的语气,可紧放在被修饰名词后或句末。

如:

He himself was a doctor. (同位语)=He was a doctor himself.(句末) She is too young to look after herself. (宾语)

That poor boy was myself.(表语)那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。注意:

1.反身代词用于be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神所处的状态。如:

I'll be myself again in no time. 我一会儿就会好的。

He doesn't feel himself today.

I’m not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。

2.反身代词与介词的固定搭配:

⑴for oneself亲自,为自己⑵by oneself单独的/独立的

⑶to oneself: ①供某人独自使用的

②暗自(在心中)的常与动词think,say,talk,tell等连用。

⑷beside oneself由于气愤激动等而近乎发狂忘形。。。得要命

⑸among themselves一起共同

⑹between ourselves私下谈,不和外人谈

⑺in oneself本质,本身,实际上

⑻in spite of oneself不由自主地

⑼of oneself自行的,自发的,自动的

3.反身代词与动词的固定搭配

enjoy oneself玩得开心Behave yourself!有礼貌规矩absent oneself 缺席; 抽身;

apply oneself to 致力于, 集中精力做某事

cut/hurt oneself伤到自己help oneself to随便吃teach oneself sth=teach sth by oneself自学

say to oneself自言自语dress oneself打扮自己

lose oneself to沉浸于陶醉于。。。中

devote oneself to致力于,献身于

adopt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于某事

treat oneself to sth(1)招待(吃……,请客吃……)(2)让……享受,给……买address oneself to专心于(工作)

make oneself at home 别拘束;随便点,就象自己家一样seat oneself别客气,随便坐

think for oneself为自己着想think by oneself独立思考

五、相互代词的用法

英语的相互代词只有each other和one another,它们在句中通常只用作宾语,不能用作主语或状语等。如:

Students should help one another. 学生应该互相帮助。

We have known each other for many years. 我们认识许多年了。

注意:相互代词可以有所有格形式(each other’s, one another’s)。如:They often stay in one another's house. 他们常常在彼此的家里住。另外,有人认为each other用于两者,one another用于三者,但在现代英语中它们常可换用(即均可用于两者或三者)。

六、指示代词的用法

this/that/these/those/such/so/same/it

1)指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如:

单数复数

限定词:This girl is Mary.Those men are myteachers.

代词:This is Mary.Those are my teachers.

2)指示代词的句法功能

指示代词主要有四个,即this, that, these 和those。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。指示代词做定语时不与冠词连用。

This is my book.(主语) I want that.(宾语)

My book is that.(表语) I like that dress.(定语)

注意:

1. 为避免重复,可用that 和those 代替前面提到的名词。如:The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school.(that=the playground)

My seat is next to that of the mayor. 我的座位在市长座位旁边。2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时,可用this 或that,但是若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用this。如:

——She is a beautiful girl.——Who said that?

I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点:她美吗?

3. 在打电话时,通常用this 指自己,用that指对方:

Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?

4.除用作代词外,this 和that 还可用作副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,意为“这么”、“那么”,相当于so。

如:I've done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。

Is he always this busy? 他总这么忙吗?

5.指示代词this, that 和these在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。而those作宾语后接定语从句时可以指人。而且只有that、those后面可以跟定语从句。如:(对)That is my teacher.那是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)

(对)He is going to marry this girl.他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this作限定词)

(错)He is going to marry this.(this作宾语时不能指人)(对)I bought this.我买这个。(this指物,可作宾语)

He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)

He admired that which looked beautiful.他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。

6.so用作代词可代替前面肯定的句子,常做think, tell, say, believe, hope, expect,suppose, guess, I’m afraid, seem等词之后。如:I don’t think so.

7.same 做代词时多与the连用。

七、疑问代词的用法

1.疑问代词即指who, whom, whose, which, what等用于引出特殊疑问句的代词。它们在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如:

What did she say? 她怎么说?

Which are our seats? 哪些是我们的座位?

What are you worrying about? 你为什么事烦恼?

注意:1. who和whom 只用作主语、宾语和表语,不用作定语;what, which, whose 则既可用作主语、宾语和表语,也可用作定语。

2.what与which的用法区别:当选择的范围较明确时,用which;当选择的范围不明确时,用what。

如:

Which color do you like, red, black or white? 红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种?

What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的?

八、连接代词的用法

1.连接代词主要包括who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whosever 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等(但who, whom, whoever 等不用于名词前作定语),主要用于引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等。

如:

Ask him which he wants. 问他要哪一个。

The question is who can help us. 问题是谁能帮助我们。

What he says sounds reasonable. 他说的话听起来有道理。

2. 关系代词型what 的用法。

比较下列两句:

I don’t know what you like. 我不知道你喜欢什么。

You can get sth what you like. 你想要什么就可得到什么。

第一句中的what 表示“什么”;第二句中的what 则具有关系代词的性质,相当于“先行词+关系代词”,表示“…所…的一切事或东西”,如上面第二句的what就相当于everything that。顺便说一句,这样用的what 有时还可后接一个名词。

如:

We gave him what (little) help we could. 我们给了他我们力所能及的帮助。

3. whatever, whoever与whichever的用法:它们可用于引导主语从句和宾语从句,也可用于引导让步状语从句。如:

Whoever comes will be welcome. 任何人来都欢迎。

Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是对的。

Whoever you are, you can't enter. 不管你是谁,都不能进去。Whichever side wins, I shall be happy. 不管哪边赢,我都会高兴。

九、不定代词的用法

1)定义:

不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。

2)种类

英语中不定代词有:some(something,somebody,someone,somewhere),any(anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere),no (nothing,nobody,no one), every(everything,everybody,everyone,everywhere),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none, one,either,neither, more, most,。3)不定代词的句法功能

1)作主语,例:Both(of us)are right.

2)作宾语,例:He gave two to each(of them).

3)作表语,例:That’s nothing.没什么。

I’m not somebody,I’m nobody.我不是重要人物,我是个无名小卒.

4)作定语,例:You may take either road.

5)作同位语,例:They both agreed to stay here.

☆不定代词是英语所有代词中最重要的一类,也是高考英语中最常考的一类,复习时应注意以下几点:

1. some和any的比较:都表示“一些”

some: ①some +可数名词复数或不可数名词

②some一般用于肯定句中,但是在表示请求、邀请或征

求意见的疑问句中,希望得到肯定回答。通常要用some

而不用any。

any:①any +可数名词复数或不可数名词

②any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中

③any可表示“任何,无论哪一个”后可接单数可数名词Tom has some picture books.I have waited some time.

Have you had any questions?There aren’t any pictu res on the wall.Will you lend me some money? 可以借些钱给我吗?

Why don’t you bring some flowers? 为什么不带些花来呢?

2. both:①表示两者都。。。作定语后接名词复数。做主语谓复。

②与定冠词,指示代词,物主代词连用应放在之前。

③both与not连用表示部分否定。

如:两个人都要来。他的两个建议都很好。

either:①表示“两者中的任何一个”,做主语谓单,作定语后接

单数可数名词

②either用于否定句表示全部否定。

③either +of+名词/代词(复数)做主语谓单。

either…or…做主语谓语动词由最靠近的名词来确定。如;那两姐妹中有一个要来。要么你要么他去扫地。

neither:①表示“两者中的没有一个”。后接单数可数名词

②neither用作副词意为“也不”。not...neither如:

He can’t do it,neither can I.

③neither...nor... “既不...也不...”。注意主谓一致。

如:他不是学生,你也不是学生。

3.(a) few 与(a) little。

①few和a few 后接复数名词。little和a little后接不可数名词。

②few 和little表示数量很少或几乎没有,强调“少”,含有否定意义;而a few 和 a little 则表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有,强调“有”,含有肯定意义。注意在反义疑问句中运用。如:

He knew few of them,did he?

He sold only a few of the papers, didn’t he?

He knew little about it, did he?

There is still a little left, isn’t there?

4. all, every, each的用法。

all:①all强调整体地考虑总体,all指人时看作复数,指物时看作单数。all后接复数名词。All was destroyed in the big fire.

②all指三者及其以上的“所有,全部”。

③all与定冠词,指示代词,物主代词连用,放在其前面。

④与not连用表示部分否定。

⑤all还可后接of短语. There is room for all of us.

every:①强调考虑总体中的所有成员(与all很接近,有时可以互换),区别如下:All are present.=Everyone is present. 一

般情况下every和单数名词搭配,all和复数名词搭配。

②every 后必须接名词,既不能单独使用也不能后接of

短语,如:Every child enjoys Christmas.

All children enjoy Christmas.

③every和not连用表示部分否定。

each:①each既可单独使用,也可后接名词.

②指两者或两者以上的“每个”,着重于个别概念.

③each可以与of连用后接n.的复数以及代词的复数,each

of短语做主语谓语动词用单数。如:Each of us has a book.

④each所有格一般为his。如:Each must do his duty. Two men came into the room.Each carried an umbrella.

Each/Every book on this desk is worth reading.

5.other, the other, another, others的用法。

Other:另外的,别的,其他的,一般不单独使用,常和the和this,some,any,each,every,no,one和形容词性物主代词连

用。后接单数名词。

The other:只两者中的任何一个,后接单数名词。但是the other 后接名词复数或者是the others表示其余的全部。

Another:指三者及其以上的另外一个。another后一般要单数可数名词,但若其后的名词有数词或few 修饰,表示又再还,也可接复数名词。如:I've got another five minutes.

others(其后不接名词)=other + n. 意为别的人或物。Some…others…一些…另一些…

如:

Show me some others. 再拿一些给我看。

Show me another. 另拿一个给我看。

We should think of others. 我们应该多为别人着想。

Where are the other students? 其他同学在哪里?

6.no one, nobody, none 的用法

1. 从所指代的名词来看

no one=nobody,两者均只能指人不指物,且其后不可接表示范范围的of短语;而none 既可指人也可指物,且其后通常要接表示范围的of短语。如:Almost no one [nobody] believed her.

None of the keys would open the door.

2. 从单复数意义来看

no one=nobody均表示单数意义,用作主语时,谓语动词也用单数;而none用作主语时,若指不可数名词,谓语只能用单数,若指可数名词,则谓语可用单数(较正式)也可用复数(用于非正式文体)。如:None of this money is mine.

None of my friends is [are] interested. 我的朋友没有一个感兴趣。

3. 从否定的范围来看

none通常否定的是一种数量,即指数量上“一个也没有”,而no one 或nobody 则往往表示一种全面否定,即指“谁都没有”。正因为none否定的是一种数量,所以在回答how many 或how much 的提问时,通常用none,而在回答who 的提问时,通常用no one 或nobody。如:

---How many persons are there? ----None.

---Who is here? ---Nobody.

7. 复合不定代词的用法。复合不定代词主要包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。其中使用时应请注意以下几点:

(1) 受定语修饰时,定语应置于其后。

如:Tell us something interesting. There was nobody tired. Everything is ready,isn’t it?Nobody is ready, is he?

(2) 指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their。指物的不定代词相应的人称为it。如:

If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。

(3) anyone, everyone 等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接of 短语,可用any one, every one (即分开写)。

⑷. something, someone 等和anything, anyone等的区别与some 和any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。

It的用法

一、指示代词it:在特定的环境中,it可指代人,也可指性别不明,婴儿或身份不明的人。

如:What a beautiful baby--is it a boy?

二、人称it:代替前面或后面的单数名词或分句所表示的事物。如:I was disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be much better.

三、无人称it:用作非人称代词,表示时间、天气、距离、温度、环境等。如:It is going to rain.

It’s about 15 minutes’ walk from here to the bar.

四:形式主语

It作形式主语常见句型

动词不定式,动名词或主语从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语动词前,而用it作形式主语,放到句首,常见句型有:

1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句,

如: It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.

2. It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句,这类名词有:

a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour,a question等,如:

It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. It remains a question whether he will come or not.

3. It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句,这类过去分词有:announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, show n等,如:

It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.

It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.

4. It + 不及物动词(seem, appear, happen等) + 主语从句, 这类不及

物动词有:appear, happen, seem等,如:

It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth.

It happened that I was out when he called.

5. It + be + 形容词 + for sb.+ to do sth 表示事物特征

这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible,wise等作表语,有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者,常在不定式前加for sb,如:

It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language.

It is unwise to give the children whatever they want.

这类形容词有:easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise

6. It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth,这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词,如:kind, nice, clever, foolish, impolite, silly, considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如:

It’s very kind of you to help me with the work. =You are kind to h elp me.

It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others. = He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.

7. It + be +名词词组 + 动词不定式,如: It is not a good habit to stay up too late.

8. It + be + 名词或形容词 + 动名词,这类名词和形容词常常是:

英语语法代词归纳总结

英语语法代词归纳总结 一、单项选择代词 1.It’s impossible for all the people to get jobs because ______of them is not fit for them. A.every one B.all C.not all D.none 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 考查部分否定和不定代词。 【详解】 句意:所有的人都找到工作是不可能的,因为并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。此处all of them are not fit for them.是部分否定,意为:并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。故选B。【点睛】 英语中的部分否定有如下一些表示方法:1、all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示“并非都……”、“不是所有的都……”;2、both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not) “并非两个……都……”;3、every…的否定式:not every…“不是每……都……”。 2.—There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow _____?—No.I’d rather buy ______ in the bookstore. A.one; one B.one; it C.it; one D.it; it 【答案】C 【解析】 指代物体时,one指代同名异物,it指代同名同物,根据题意选C。你要去买它吗?- 不,我宁愿去书店买一个。 3.You should make ______ a rule to leave things______ you can find them easily. A.it; where B.it; then C.that; there D.this; when 【答案】A 【解析】 考查代词及状语从句。句中it作形式宾语,真正宾语为to leave things where you can find them easily;where引导地点状语从句,选A。 4.It’s no use ______ about it. You can’t do anything to change it. A.worried B.to worry C.worrying D.worry 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意:担心它没用,你做什么多改变不了它。It’s no use doing sth.做某事没用。故选C。 考点:考查固定句式。

(完整版)英语代词的用法全归纳

英语词类 英语中的词可以根据词义、语法功能和形式特征分为十大类,即名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、形容词(adjective)、副词(adverb)、动词(verb)、数词(numeral)、冠词(article)、介词(preposition)、连词(conjunctions)和感叹词(int erjection)。 英语代词的用法全归纳 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况,在这九类代词中,不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 二:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称(第一、二、三人称)的变化、数(单、复数)的变化,性(阴性、阳性、中性)以及格(主格、宾格)的变化。 物主代词又包括两种形式:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意:形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下:

三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如:I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The doy is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。 B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语)

初中英语9类代词用法汇总及例句

初中英语9类代词用法汇总及例句 代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等。 I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?) Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了?) It’s he!(是他!) (2)宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) Help me!(救救我!) We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) (3)人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。 –It’s I/me.(是我。) (4)三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he →I”的顺序表达。 Both he and I are working at that computer company. (我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?) –You and me.(你和我) (5)人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。 --What’s the time?(几点啦?)

–It’s 12:00.(12点) It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) It took him three days to clean his house. .(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间) It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space (很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) Is that your umbrella? (那是你的伞吗?) I often go to see my aunt on Sundays. (我经常在星期天去看望阿姨) They are their books.(是他们的书) (2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。 This is your cup,but where is mine? (这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿?) Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. (你们的教室很大,我们的相当小) (3)“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。 A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. (我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。) My friend came to see me yesterday. (我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。) 3、反身代词:表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。

初中英语语法归纳:代词

初中英语语法归纳:代词 代词(pron.)代替名词,兼有名词和形容词的作用 (一)代词的类别 相互代词 each other,one another 指示代词 this,that,these,those 不定代词(不指明特定的人或事物的代 词)each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,(a)few,(a)little,some,any,man y,much,other,another 复合不定代词 everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,every-thing,something,anything,nothing 疑问代词 what,who,whom,which,whose 直接代词疑问代词都可作连接代词,引导宾语从句。表语从句等。 关系代词 who,whom,whose,that,which用引导定语从句。 (二)代词的用法 1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词和指示代词的用法 (1)人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格用来作主语,宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语等。 eg. She gave me a red apple.她给了我一个红苹果: (She作主语,me作动词宾语) Kath is near him.凯西靠近他。(介词near的宾语) 2.物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。 ①形容词性物主代词位于名词前:their school,his backpack ②名词性物主代词相当干一个名词,在句中可作主语、宾语等,后面不能再接名词。 egIt isn’t my pen.→Mine(=my pen) is missing.(作主语) I left my pen at home. You can use hers(=her pen),(作宾语) ③“of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式。 cat of hers她的一条狗,a friend of yours你的一个朋友 3.反身代词 ①反身代词在句中可作同位语,起强调作用,也可作动词或介词的宾语。 few days later,I myself had to go to Paris.(作同位语) She bought herself a new bag.(作动词宾语) He’s not worried about himself.(作介词宾语) ②带有反身代词的常用短语。 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to 随便吃些…吧

不定代词用法总结

不定代词总结 一、不定代词 some 与 any 的用法区别 一般说来,不定代词 some 用于肯定句中, any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用 some 而不用 any : Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吗? Why not buy some bread? 为什么不买些面包呢? Shall I get some chalk for you? 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗? 【说明】不定代词 any 有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”: Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。 Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词 many 与 much 的用法以及区别 不定代词 many 和 much 都表示“许多”,但 many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与 few(少数)相对;而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与 little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中: Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗 ? We don 't have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You 've given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析: too much ; much too ; too many 1、too much 常用作副词或代词 ,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词 .如: Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health? 电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害 ? You've given me too much. 你给我的太多了 .

英语各种代词用法归纳

英语代词的用法全归纳 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。 二:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称(一、二、三人称)的变化、数(单、复数)的变化,以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)的变化。其中,人称代词除了这三种变化外,还有格(主格、宾格)的变化。物主代词又包括两种形式:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意:形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下: 人称单复数主格宾格形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一人称单数I me my mine myself 复数we us our ours ourselves 第二人称单数you you your yours yourself 复数you you your yours yourselves 第三人称单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its 无itself 复数they them their theirs themselves 三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。如:I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The doy is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。 B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语) She and I are good friends(主语). Neither she nor I am student. ——I saw the boys this morning. ——Are you sure it was they(表语)? It might have been she.

初中英语代词用法

代词: 1、代词的分类:英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、 疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2 1I often go shopping on Sundays. 购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?) / Where have they gone?(他们上哪 儿去了?)/ That’s it.(就那么回事)/ It’s he!(是他!) 2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如:Who teaches you English this year?(今年 谁教你们的英语?) / Help me!(救救我!) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给 他写信) 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可 以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如:--Who is it?(是谁?)–It’s I/me.(是我。) 4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如: Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?) –You and me.(你和我) 5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况” 等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词 或者名词性从句。如:--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样?)—It’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What’s the time?(几点啦?)–It’s 12:00.(12点) / It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他 三天的时间) / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的) 3 Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗?) / I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经 常在星期天去看望阿姨) / They are their books.(是他们的书) 2、名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主 语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如: This is your cup,but where is mine?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿?)/ Your

小学英语代词总结及练习

一、代词分类: 一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。 是表示自身或人称的代词。 人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表: 如: I like his car.我喜欢他的小汽车。 Our school is here ,and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。 构 构成。 (w

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