2014年4月英语专业四级真题完形填空及答案解析

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PART III CLOZE [15 MIN] Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.

The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became (31)__ important. Although division of labour had been

(32)______ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776,

(33)______ could now become fully realised. This specialisation of labour was in (34)______

contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)______ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialisation. (36)______ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)______ and changed working life forever. (38)______ were the days when work was (39)______ by natural forces: steam engines were servant(40)______ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (41)______ . The clocking-on machine was (42)______ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only (43)______ twenty years later. (44)______ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)______ and predictable income, but long hours.

Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)______ was reorganised to promote ever greater efficiency. The old (47)______ of St. Monday - when no work was done – was gradually phased out and to (48)______ , work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (49)______ Monday morning. Anew division between "work" and "leisure" emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)______ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes.

31. A. surprisingly B. increasingly C. slowly D. obviously

32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived

33. A. it B. he C. these D. those

34. A. clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm

35. A. that B. what C. where D. which

36. A. Upon B. Over C. With D. For

37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful

38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed

39. A. defined B. dictated C. limited D. controlled

40. A. over B. on C. by D. to

41. A. controlled B. standard C. difficult D. dreadful

42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought

43. A. certain B. some C. these D. those

44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly

45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure

46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice

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