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过去分词用法详解

过去分词的用法之答禄夫天创作

一、构成:规则动词的过去分词是有动词原形+ed构成的,不规则动词则有各自构成。

三、过去分词的用法:

1.作表语:过去分词作表语时,一般同时具备主动与完成的含义

例如:(1)The cup is broken.(2)He is retired. (3)After running,he is tired.

【注意】过去分词作表语时,已经酿成形容词性质,主要暗示主语的状态(主动完成),而主动语态则暗示动作.

例如:(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是主动语态,暗示动作)

(2)The cup is now broken. 茶杯碎了.(过去分词作表语,暗示状态) 【注意】有些动词如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通经常使用其过去分词形式来修饰人,暗示“感到……”

用 -ing 形式来修饰物,暗示“令人……”

例如:The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.

2.做定语

作定语用的过去分词其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表主动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.

1)单一过去分词作定语,常置于其所修饰的名词之前,称作前置定语。

例如:We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.

2)过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句,称作后置定语。

例如:The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.

3)过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号.

例如:The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.

4)用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以修饰与人有关的脸色,面貌,举止行为以及感觉等,这时不克不及用v-ing形式

例如:The boy looked up with a pleased expression. His satisfied look showed that he had passed this exam.

作状语的过去分词在句子中多暗示主动和完成两重含义。

1)时间状语:A.当和谓语动词动作同时发生时,一般仅暗示主动,可以用when 从句代替。

例如:Faced with difficulties,we shouldn’t withdraw for any excuse.

B.当暗示动作发生在谓语动词之前时,通常既表主动又表完成,可用after从句代替,也可用现在分词的主动完成形式代替。

例如:Caught by the police,the thief lay on the ground,crying and shouting.

2)原因状语:过去分词所暗示的动作多有主动和完成两重含义。

例如:Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.

Welcomed by all the students,we expressed own true thanks to them.被全

体同学欢迎,我们表达真挚的感激

【注意】有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表主动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语罕见的有:

lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦). 等,这种结构可以改写成一个because引导的主系表结构句子。

例如:Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.

Tired of the noise,he decided to move to the country.因厌倦了噪音,他决定搬到农村去。

Dressed in an orange dress,she looked more beautiful than before.穿上橘红色连衣裙,她看起来比以前更美

3)条件状语:作条件状语时,一般只表主动含义。相当于if引导的条件状语从句。

例如:Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.

4)陪伴情况:暗示陪伴谓语动词发生的另外动作,位于主语之后,用逗号隔开,可以同时暗示主动与完成,

例如:The mother ran across the street,followed by her little son.

5)结果状语:暗示发生在谓语动词后的动作,位于主句后用都逗号分开,也可以同时暗示主动与完成。

例如:He listened to the hero’s story,moved to tears.

【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保存连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语.

例如:When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要坚持镇定.

After seated in the sofa,he bagan to feel comfortable. If permitted,he was sure to come with us.

4.作宾语补足语:罕见的带过去分词作宾补的动词有两类:

1)感官动词.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等.

例如:I heard the song sung in English. He found his hometown greatly changed.

2)使役动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等.

例如: I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发. Don't leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完.

注意:使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.

1)过去分词所暗示的动作由他人完成. 例如: He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了.(被他人偷去了)

2)过去分词所暗示的动作由句中的主语所经历.如: He had his leg broken.他的腿断了. (自己的经历)

5."with +宾语+过去分词"结构

作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.例如:

(1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来,他的双手被绑在面前.(表方式)

(2) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件)

(3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决,我们都回家

了.(表原因)

(4)She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他.(表陪伴)

(5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿. (表陪伴)

分词使用技巧

一、现在分词和过去分词的两大区别:

1. 现在分词与过去分词的最大不同在语态上:现在分词表主动,过去分词表主动。

2. 现在分词与过去分词的第二大不同在时态上:现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成。

二、现在分词和过去分词的逻辑主语

逻辑主语就是与分词具有主、主动关系的名词或代词。它既可能是句子主语,又可能是句中宾语,或者是句中的表语(不要理解成句子主语);它既可能是动作行为的发出者,也有可能是动作行为的承受者。

如果是动作的发出者,与分词构成主谓关系。如果是动作的承受者,与分词构成动宾关系。

(1)作状语时

Seeing the teacher come in, all the students stood up. the students 是seeing的逻辑主语,主谓(主动)关系

Heated, the metal expands. the metal是 heated的逻辑主语,动宾(主动)关系

结论:分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子主语。

(2)作宾补时

I saw him reading last night. him 是reading的逻辑主语,主谓(主动)关系

His wife found his hair dyed black. hair是 dyed的逻辑主语,动宾(主动)关系

结论:分词作宾补,其逻辑主语是句子宾语。

(3)作表语时

The film is moving. the film是 moving的逻辑主语,主谓(主动)关系

The visitors looked surprised. the visitors是surprised的逻辑主语,动宾(主动)关系

结论:分词作表语,其逻辑主语是句子主语。

(4)作定语时

This is an interesting book. book是 interesting的逻辑主语,主谓(主动)关系

The moved children looked serious. children是 moved的逻辑主语,动宾(主动)关系

结论:分词作定语,其逻辑主语是被修饰词(即中心词)。

(5)用于复合结构中时(即在独立主格中与with复合结构中)

With the task completed, we went out to take some fresh air. task 是completed的逻辑主语,动宾(主动)关系

Weather permitted,we’ll go skiing this Sunday.Weather是permitted的逻辑主语,动宾(主动)关系

结论:分词用于复合结构,逻辑主语是复合结构中的逻辑主语

三、确定分词的使用的具体步调:

1、确定分词的语法成分

2、找准逻辑主语

3、判断主、主动关系

4、选定现

在或过去分词

一、分词选择填空练习

1. All things ____, the planned trip will have to be called off.

A) considered B) be considered C) considering D) having considered

2. The house was very quiet, ____as it was on the side of a mountain.

A) isolated B) isolating C) being isolated D) having been isolated

3.This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, ____both wind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil.

A) being B) been C) to be D) having been

4.Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it ____ in Cuba.

A) being cultivated B) been cultivated C) having cultivated D) cultivating

5. ____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.

A) To look B) Looking at C) Looked at D) To be looked at

6. You will see this product ____ wherever you go. A) to be advertised

B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising

7. ____in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarship totaling 21,000 dollars.

A) To be judged the best B) having judged the bestC) Judged the best D) Judging the best

8. From the dates ____ on the plates, we decided that they were made

in Song Dynasty.

A) marking B) having been marked C) marked D) to be marked

9. ____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door.A) Not wishing

B) Wishing C) Not wished D) No wishing

10. The editorial ____ now will appear in tomorrow's newspaper.

A) writing B) to write C) being written D) write

11. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.

A) When compared B) While comparing C) Compare D) Comparing

12. The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand ____

a stick for support.

A) held B) holding C) being holding D) was holding

13. ____ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting.

A) having defeated B) To have defeated C) having been defeated

D) To have been defeated

14. ____neglecting our education, my father sent me to school.

A) Accused of B) Accusing of C) To be accused of D) That he was accused of

15. ___ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.

A) He is remembered B) While being rememberedC) To be remembered

D) Though remembered

16. ___ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.

A) If walking B) While walking C) Walking D) When one is walking

17. A cool rain was falling, ___ with snow. A) mixed B) mixing C) to mix D) having mixed

18. ____ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.

A) Surrounded B) Surrounding C) having surrounded D) To be surrounded

19. All the exam papers ____, the teacher sent the class home.

A) having been handed in B) having hands in C) handing in D) being handed in

20. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A) Founding B) It was founded C) Being founded D) Founded

21. There ____ no fresh drinking water and no good farm land, it was not a comfortable place in which to live.

A) be B) was C) were D) being

22. ___ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.

A) having lived B) Lived C) Living D) To live

23. Any packet ____ properly will not be accepted by the post office.

A) not to be wrapped B) not being wrapped C) not wrapped D) not having been wrapped

24. The lab ____ next year will be more advanced than the old one.

A) built B) to be built C) being built D) to build

25. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely ____ to the outside world.

A) being lost B) losing C) having lost D) lost

二、翻译句子练习:根据过去分词的用法翻译下列句子

穿着红衣服的妇女吗

______________________________________________________________________ ____________________

2.舒服地坐在椅子上,他在沉思.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

昨天发生的事故,我很震惊.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

4.给予更多的关心的话,这些树会长得更好.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

5.他作了自我介绍,以便使自己被大家认识.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

6.昨天,我把衣服让人洗了.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

7.上周一,我看到你兄弟被一个陌生人打了.

______________________________________________________________________

8.将书合上背诵这篇课文.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

使自己被听见.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

10.如果被问及,你不要说我在家里.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

昨天举行的会议吗

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

12.从日本引进的这些种子已经坏了.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

寄出去.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

将头发扎在后面来上班.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

足够的食物吃的日子一去部复返了.

______________________________________________________________________

改变了的形式.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

所给的动词写出两个句子.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

18.他们在看足球角逐,兴奋而又满意.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

累.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

20.即使在森林里迷路了,他也不担心.

______________________________________________________________________ ___________________

英语中过去分词的用法讲解

英语中过去分词的用法 过去分词的用法讲解如下: 过去分词的用法在英语语法中很是普遍。那么,如何正确的使用过去分词呢?我们来看看过去分词的用法解析,只有了解了过去分词的用法,才能正确的运用和使用它。 一、基本概念 1. 分词的定义 1.动词的-ed分词即过去分词,是由动词的过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式。 2. 过去分词的语法作用: 过去分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词(相当于被动语),在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。 1) 过去分词作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如:Don’t touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子,它是坏的(它是被打坏的)。He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。 2) 过去分词做定语: 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面,相当于一个定语从句。如: The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。(excited people 被激动了的人) We need more qualified teachers. 我们需要更多合格的教师。(被资质认证过的老师,或经过资质认证的老师。)

过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面,相当于一个定语从句。如: Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗? The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。如: The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.这些书是鲁迅写的,受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。 The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 这次会议获得很大的成功,共有一千个学生出席了。 3) 过去分词做状语: 过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 ①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。如: Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看,这个城市就像一个大花园。 Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 入党以后,他决定献身于党的事业。 ②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。如: Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. 激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了,停止了争吵。 Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

过去分词的用法

过去分词的用法 过去分词的用法 1. 过去分词作表语 She is interested in the interesting book. 2. 过去分词作定语 1)过去分词作定语既可以放在所修饰的词之前,作前置定语,也可以放在所修饰的词后面,作后置定语。其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如: Where are the reserved seats? (=Where are the seats which have been reserved?)预定的座位在哪里? 区别:This is a pressing problem. (=This is a problem which is pressing.)这是一个紧迫的问题。 2)过去分词作后置定语可分为限制性(紧跟在所修饰的中心词之后)和非限制性(用逗号与其所修饰的中心词分开)两种,其作用分别相当于一个限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。例如:The funds raised (= which have been raised)are mainly used for helping the homeless. 筹集的资金主要用来帮助那些无家可归的人。 区别:There are many students waiting (= who are waiting)to get examined. 有许多学生在等待检查。 This book,written (= which is written)in simple English,is suitable for beginners. 本书是用浅显的英语写的,适合初学者。 3)过去分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成合成形容词作定语。例如: The newly-built building is our office building.这座新建的大楼是我们的办公楼。 区别:The flower-carrying girl must be waiting for someone.那位手持鲜花的姑娘一定在等人。

英语中过去分词的用法

英语中过去分词的用法 从结构上看,过去分词要比现在分词简单得多,因为过去分词只有一种形式,它既没有完成式,也没有被动式。为什么会这样“简单”呢?因为从意义上看,过去分词本身既可表示完成意义,同时也可表示被动意义——既然自己就身兼数职,可以轻易地搞掂多种用法,所以就 不用那么麻烦了。 用法一:表示过去 即表示过去某时已发生的被动动作——由于既有完成的意味,又有被动意味,符合过去分词的基本特征。如: The paintings stolen from the museum haven't been found. 博物馆失窃的画仍未找到。 根据句意可知,“画被盗”的事已经发生了,属于已经完成的过去动作;另一方面,“画”与“偷”之间显然是被动关系,即“画”是“被”偷了,所以它又具有被动意味。

They found the windows broken. 他们发现窗户给砸碎了。 句中的过去分词broken表示窗户“破碎”在先,“发现”这一情况在后,因为先碎了,然后才能被人发现;另一方面“窗户”与“破碎”为被动关系,因为窗户破碎不是窗户自己在搞鬼,而是外界因素所致。 用法二:表示同时 即表示与谓语动词同时(或几乎同时)发生的被动动作。如: Asked why he came, he kept silent. 问他为什么要来,他一言不发。 句中的过去分词asked一方面表示“问”与“他”之间为被动关系,即是别人问他(=他被别人问),而不是他问别人;另一方面还表示“别人问他”与“他保持沉默”是同时的——当然,我们也可理解为

asked要稍稍先于kept一点。不过,这没关系,这样更符合过去分词的基本用法特点。 用法三:表示状态 即现在已经存在的态或过去(当时)的存在的一种被动的状态。如: The murderer was brought in, his hands tied behind. 凶手被带了进来,双手被绑在后面。 句中的过去分词tied表明“他的手”与“绑”之间为被动关系,同时它表明“绑着”这一状态发生在“凶手被带进来”之前(https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ba19157317.html,)。 用法四:表示经常性或泛指

过去分词的用法

过去分词的用法 观察下列句子中过去分词分别作什么成分:(attribute,predicative,object complement, adverbial) 1.I felt inspired when I won the school prize for the first time. 2.Polluted water caused cholera. 3.We saw the thief caught by the police. 4.Given more time, we will do it better. (一)过去分词作定语。 1.表示被动和完成意义,不及物动词没有被动,它的过去分词只表完成 2.单个的过去分词做定语,一般放在被修饰的词的前面,个别情况放后面;过去分词短语作定语,则放在被修饰的词的后面,相当于一个定语从句 boiled water,spoken English, There are many fallen leaves on the ground. This is a book written by a peasant. The question discussed is very important. 3. Make a list of more examples. (二) 过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的情感或状态, 已经形容词化。最常见的有disappointed, discouraged , astonished, interested, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, puzzled,frightened, annoyed, shocked, teffified等, Eg..I was pleased at the news. The door remained locked. She looked disappointed. He was lost in thought. (三)过去分词作宾语补足语的情况(宾语与过去分词在逻辑上常存在被动关系) 1感官动词 等之后。 Eg. When we got to school, we found the door locked. 2. 使役动词之后 Eg. I have already made my car cleaned. 3. with 的复合宾语结构中 Eg. With his bike stolen, he must go home on foot.

过去分词用法

过去分词用法 过去分词一般要和其它成分连用:have/has+过去分词(现在完成时)、had+过去分词(过去完成时)、be+过去分词(被动语态)。过去分词在句中可作表语,定语、状语、宾语补足语等,既可放在所修饰词之前,也可放在所修饰词之后。 过去分词是分词的一种,规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成(规则见后),不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表,我们一起来看看过去分词的用法吧。 过去分词用法 过去分词一般要和其它成分连用:havehas+过去分词(现在完成时)、had+过去分词(过去完成时)、be+过去分词(被动语态)。过去分词在句中可以充当的成分有很多,具体有: 1、过去分词作表语 2、过去分词作定语。过去分词作定语既可以放在所修饰的词之前,作前置定语,也可以放在所修饰的词后面,作后置定语。其作用相当于一个定语从句。 3、过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件;表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 4、过去分词作宾语补足语。在复合宾语中,用现在过去分词作宾补,说明宾语是动作的发出者,形成逻辑上的主谓关系;用过去过去分词作宾补,表示宾语是动作的承受者,构成逻辑上的动宾关系等。 过去分词属于类动词 1、及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子的主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还强调已完成了。 2、不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子的主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,同样强调动作的完成。 3、有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构等。 过去分词构成规则 一、规则动词的过去分词构成 规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。分四点变化规则,如下:

过去分词用法总结

过去分词用法总结 过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式,在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 一、过去分词作定语 1. 一般情况下,单个分词作前置定语,过去分词短语作后置定语。如:a used car旧车,a playground built last year去年修建的一个操场。 2. 及物动词的过去分词表示“被动”和完成”。 Many people questioned refused to answer. 被问的许多人都拒绝回答。 Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title given to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. 五人获得了“中国绿色人物奖”,这是一个颁给对环保有贡献的普通人物的奖项。 3. 不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语,只表示“完成”,不表示被动。如:the risen sun已升起的太阳,fallen leaves落叶。 4. astonish, disappoint, encourage, excite, frighten, interest, move, please, puzzle, satisfy, surprise, tire等表示心理状态的动词的过去分词作定语,表示被修饰的词所具有的特征,意为“感到……的”。(其现在分词表示所修饰的词本身所处的状态,意为“令人……的”)。 Mr. Smith, tired of the tiring speech, started to read a novel. 史米斯先生厌倦了乏味的演讲,开始读小说。 This is a boring lecture. 这是一个令人厌烦的报告。 The excited children couldn't go to sleep all night long.这些兴奋的孩子整个晚上无法入睡。 以上单词修饰人的声音、微笑、表情时常用过去分词。如:a satisfied smile 满意的微笑;a puzzled look一脸迷惑的表情 二、过去分词作表语 1. 过去分词常位于系动词be, get, remain, prove, seem等后作表语,表示被动意义,即分词与主语之间有逻辑上的被动关系。 The machine part is broken. 机器零件坏了。 The house remained locked. 房子依然锁着。

过去分词的具体用法

过去分词的具体用法 过去分词的具体用法 1. 修饰名词 •过去分词可以用来修饰名词,形容名词所表示的对象已经完成的动作或状态。 •例如:a broken chair(一把坏掉的椅子) 2. 作定语 •过去分词可以用作定语,修饰名词或代词。 •例如:a written report(一份写好的报告) 3. 表示原因 •过去分词可以用来表示原因或由于某个行动引起的结果。 •例如:Feeling tired, she went to bed early.(因为感到疲倦,她早早上床睡觉了。) 4. 表示条件 •过去分词可以用来表示条件或假设的情况。 •例如:If invited, I will attend the party.(如果被邀请,我将参加这个派对。)

5. 表示时间 •过去分词可以用来表示时间,表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。 •例如:Having studied for hours, he finally passed the exam.(经过几个小时的学习后,他终于通过了考试。) 6. 作状语 •过去分词可以用作状语,描述动作发生的方式、原因、结果等。•例如:He walked out of the room, feeling angry.(他愤怒地走出了房间。) 7. 构成被动语态 •过去分词与助动词“be”连用,可以构成被动语态,表示动作的受事。 •例如:The book was written by him.(这本书是他写的。)以上是过去分词的一些具体用法,可以根据具体语境和需要进行 灵活运用。使用过去分词能够丰富句子结构,使表达更加准确、生动。在写作中,我们可以注意多加练习,以提高对过去分词的运用能力。8. 表示条件 •过去分词也可以用来表示条件,通常与if连用,用来表示与主句相反的假设情况。

过去分词的用法

过去分词的用法 过去分词在句中可以 1)构成谓语: a. 和have一道构成完成时态或非谓语动词的完成形式: I haven’t been out much recently.我最近没太出门。 I knew you had been busy. 我知道你一直很忙。 I’m sorry not to have given you enough help. 对不起没给你足够的帮助。 Having read the instructions, she snatched up the fire extinguisher. 看完说明书之后,她抓起了灭火器。 b. 和be一道构成被动语态或非谓语动词的被动形式: The letter has been opened! 信被人拆开了。 He was said to have been arrested. 据说他被捕了。 2)用作表语: I am awfully worried. Daddy is ill.我很着急,我爸爸病了。 3)用作定语: She had a worried look on her face. 他满面愁容。 4)构成复合宾语: She wanted the work finished by Friday. 他要求这工作星期五前完成。 5)作状语: Aroused by the crash, he leapt to his feet. 他被撞击声惊醒,一跃站起身来。 过去分词只有一种形式,在大多数时候下都有被动的意思。 2、过去分词作表语编辑本段回目录 1) 过去分词作表语的时候很多(其中有很多已变成形容词): He was amazed and enchanted at the sight. 看到这情景他感到惊异着迷。 She was annoyed at your saying that. 你这样讲她很不高兴。

过去分词

过去分词用法详解 在高考英语阶段的学习中,过去分词的学习是一个重要的语法内容。过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用,表示“被动、完成”的意义,在句中作状语、定语、宾语补足语、表语。 A.动词的过去分词的否定形式 动词的过去分词的否定形式是由not加动词的过去分词构成。 Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside. 不允许他进去,他只好在外面等着。 B.动词的过去分词的特征 1.动词的过去分词有时同时带有被动和完成的意义。 Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology. 由于在农村出生并长大,他对生物很感兴趣。 One of the glasses was found broken. 有人发现其中一个杯子破了。 The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. 鲁迅写的这些书,受到了许多中国人的喜爱。 2.及物动词的过去分词表示被动的意思。 Given more time, I could have solved that riddle. 要是有充足的时间,我就能猜出那个谜语。(句子的主语I 和动词give之间是被动关系。) When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood. 你说英语的时候,一定要让人懂得你的意思。(动词make的宾语yourself和宾语补足语understand之间是被动关系。) The experience gained in the army was of great value to our study. 在军队获得的经验对我们的学习很有帮助。 3.不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成的意思,并不带有被动的含义。 an escaped prisoner 逃犯(= a prisoner who has escaped) a retired worker 退休工人(= a worker who has retired) a newly arrived guest 新来的客人(= a guest who has just arrived) fallen leaves落叶,the risen sun升起的太阳 一般说来现在分词和过去分词的区别主要表现在“时态”和“语态”两个方面。 时间方面 现在分词表示正在进行的动作,而过去分词则表示完成的动作。 boiled water 开水 boiling water 正沸腾的水 developed countries 发达国家 developing countries 发展中国家 fallen leaves 落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子 语态方面

过去分词用法详解

过去分词的用法 一、构成:规则动词的过去分词是有动词原形+ed构成的,不规则动词则有各自构成。 二、基本特点:过去分词在句子中的基本用法有两点:1。与逻辑主语之间是被动关系 2.表示完成的动作 三、过去分词的用法: 1。作表语:过去分词作表语时,一般同时具备被动与完成的含义 例如:(1)The cup is broken.(2)He is retired. (3)After running,he is tired. 【注意】过去分词作表语时,已经变成形容词性质,主要表示主语的状态(被动完成),而被动语态则表示动作. 例如:(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday。茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。(是被动语态,表示动作) (2)The cup is now broken. 茶杯碎了.(过去分词作表语,表示状态) 【注意】有些动词如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,表示“感到……” 用 -ing 形式来修饰物,表示“令人……" 例如:The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣. 2.做定语 作定语用的过去分词其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。 1)单一过去分词作定语,常置于其所修饰的名词之前,称作前置定语。 例如:We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions。我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况. 2)过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句,称作后置定语。 例如:The concert given by their friends was a success。他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。 3)过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。 例如:The meeting,attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 4)用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以修饰与人有关的表情,面貌,举止行为以及感觉等,这时不能用v—ing 形式 例如:The boy looked up with a pleased expression。 His satisfied look showed that he had passed this exam. 3。作状语 作状语的过去分词在句子中多表示被动和完成两重含义。 1)时间状语:A。当和谓语动词动作同时发生时,一般仅表示被动,可以用when从句代替。 例如:Faced with difficulties,we shouldn't withdraw for any excuse. B。当表示动作发生在谓语动词之前时,通常既表被动又表完成,可用after从句代替,也可用现在分词的被动完成形式代替. 例如:Caught by the police,the thief lay on the ground,crying and shouting. 2)原因状语:过去分词所表示的动作多有被动和完成两重含义. 例如: Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。 Welcomed by all the students,we expressed own true thanks to them.被全体同学欢迎,我们表达真挚的感激 【注意】有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦). 等,这种结构可以改写成一个because引导的主系表结构句子。 例如: Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound。因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。

过去分词的用法

重点语法: 一、过去分词作表语: 1、过去分词作表语并无完成或被动之意,而是表示主语状态或思想感情等。 例句:No wonder he is excited! He looked worried after reading the letter. When we heard of it, we were deeply moved. He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 2、可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有: amused 愉快的 connected 连接的 broken 碎了的 closed 关闭的 completed 完成的 astonished 吃惊的 covered 覆盖的 crowded 拥挤的 delighted 高兴的 disappointed失望的 dressed 穿着的 drunk 喝醉的experienced 有经验的 gone 遗失的 lost 丢失的 worried 担忧的 interested 有兴趣的 tired 劳累的 pleased 高兴的 satisfied 满意的 surprised 吃惊的 married 已婚的 known 著名的 例句:The children are really excited about going to the zoo. 孩子们对去动物园都很兴奋。(表示一种感受) His wound became infected with a new virus. 他的伤口感染了一种新的病毒。(表示一种状态) 3、注意区分过去分词作表语和被动语态 分词作表语表示主语的状态,被动语态则表示被动的动作。 例:My glasses are broken. My glasses are broken by my son. On the earth, 70% of the surface is covered with water. I was greatly surprised by the knock at the door. 二、过去分词作定语:done作定语时,其语法功能相当于一个定语从句。 1、done作定语与所修饰的词之间有两种关系: 从时间上讲,表示动作已经完成; 从语态上讲,表示被动的概念(不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成)。 2、分词作定语有两种形式: 它可以放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置定语; 有的放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置定语。 (1)前置定语:单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时,通常置于被修饰词之

过去分词的用法

过去分词的用法 过去分词的用法在英语语法中很是普遍。那么,如何正确的使用过去分词呢?我们来看看过去分词的用法解析,只有了解了过去分词的用法,才能正确的运用和使用它。 一、基本概念 1. 分词的定义 动词的-ed分词即过去分词,是由动词的过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式。 2. 过去分词的语法作用: 过去分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词,在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。 1) 过去分词作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如: Don’t touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子,它是坏的。 He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。 2) 过去分词做定语: 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面,相当于一个定语从句。如: The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。 We need more qualified teachers. 我们需要更多合格的教师。 过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面,相当于一个定语从句。如: Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗? The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。如:

过去分词用法小结

过去分词用法小结 撰稿:赵兴明责编:牛新阁 用法点拨 过去分词在谓语中的使用: 虽说过去分词是非谓语动词的一种,但是与助动词连用也用于谓语动词。 1. have+过去分词= 完成时 随着have的时态变化,“have+过去分词”可以构成现在完成时“have/ has done”和过去完成时“had done”。 I haven’t heard from him much recently. 我最近没太收到过他的信。 I knew you had been busy. 我知道你一直很忙。 2. be+过去分词=被动语态 be的时态变化决定了被动语态的时态,如:was/ were done 是一般过去时的被动语态,而will be done是一般将来时的被动语态。 The letter has been opened! 信被人拆开了。 He was said to have been arrested. 据说他被捕了。 3. have (has) / had been+过去分词=现在/过去完成式的被动语态

He has been invited to the college to teach. 他已经应邀去那所大学教书了。 过去分词的非谓语用法: Ⅰ. 构成其他非谓语动词的不同形式: 1. have done前加to构成不定式的完成式,having done即动词-ing形式的完成式。 I’m sorry not to have given you enough help. 对不起没给你足够的帮助。 Having checked all the answers, he handed in the paper. 检查完所有的答案,他交了卷子。 2. be done前加to是不定式的被动态,being done是动词-ing 形式的被动态。 She is very glad to be invited to the party. 她很高兴被邀请来那个聚会。 The house being built is for the old people in that village. 正在建的房子是给那个村子的老年人的。 3. have been done前加to是不定式的完成式的被动态,having been done是动词ing形式的完成式的被 动态。 He was said to have been sent to Africa. 据说他被派到非洲去了。

过去分词的用法

现在分词的七种用法 (一)作定语 1. 动词现在分词单独作定语,通常放在所修饰词前。例如: The sleeping boy is Tom. 2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面,意思同定语从句差不多。例如: Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise. 3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语,常用逗号分开。例如: Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. 4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如: This is an English-speaking country. (二)作表语 现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征。如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing, exciting 等。例如: The story is moving. (三)现在分词在句中作宾语补足语,这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”关系。例如: We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系) I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系) (四)作状语 现在分词作状语,其逻辑主语一般是句中的主语,如果不是,需在V-ing 形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。 1. 作原因状语,相当于原因状语从句。例如:

关于英语过去分词的用法

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