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人教版八年级英语上册单元语法精讲简练全套

人教版八年级英语上册单元语法精讲简练全套
人教版八年级英语上册单元语法精讲简练全套

人教版八年级英语上册单元语法精讲精练全套本文档含八年级英语上册10个单元的语法,每个单元分精讲和精练两个部分,带答案

Unit 1Where did you go on vacation?

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

语法精讲

复合不定代词

不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词,如:some,any,much,many,both,few 等。本单元主要学习some,any,every,no加上thing或one构成的复合不定代词的含义及其用法。

you like.

isOK.

Mr.Smith sai

【温馨提示】

(1)复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。如:

Everyone in the village is friendly.这个村子里的每个人都是友好的。

(2)复合不定代词若有定语(形容词或动词不定式)修饰时,定语要放在其后。如:

Let's do something interesting.让我们做一些有趣的事。

I'd like something to drink.我想要一些喝的东西。

(3)在表示请求、建议等的疑问句中,问话者希望得到肯定答复时,常用含有some的不定代词。如:

Would you like something to eat?你想要一些吃的东西吗?

语法精练

Ⅰ.用方框中所给的单词填空。

1.The re isn't ________ new in the whi te box.

2.Tina is doing well in the ne w school.There's ________ to worry about.

3.Did you go to the farm with ________?

4.________ in the room looks very tidy and clean.

5.Come here!I have ________ important to tell you.

6.—Can you cook eggs with tomatoes?

—Yes,sure.________ can do it,because it is easy,I think.

Ⅱ.从括号内选择正确的单词完成句子。

7.There ________(isn't/aren't) anything interesting in the book.

8.No one ________(were/was) in front of the house.

9.Did your cousin buy ________(nothing/anything) in the supermarket?

10.Mar y didn't go to the post office with ________(anyone/someone) last Sunday morning. 11.The singer is ver y great.Everyone here ________(know/knows) her.

Ⅲ.按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。

12.There is something interesting in the story.(改为否定句)

There ________ ________ interesting in the story.

There ________ ________ interesting in the story.

13.Someone is reading in the classroom.(改为一般疑问句)

________ ________ reading in the classroom?

14.我妈妈不知道关于这件事的任何情况,因为没有人告诉她。(汉译英)

My mother knows ________ about it because ________ ________ told her.

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

Ⅰ.1.anything2.nothing 3.anyone 4.Everything 5.something

6.Everyone

Ⅱ.7.isn't8.was9.anything10.anyone11.knows

Ⅲ.12.isn't anything;is nothing13.Is anyone14.nothing;no one

Unit 2How often do you exercise?

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

语法精讲

频度副词

1.频度副词的定义:表示动作或状态出现的频率的副词叫做频率或频度副词。

2

3.

频率副词在句中常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前。sometimes有时可位于句首或句末。如:

I am always busy with my work.我总是忙于我的工作。

Susan doesn't usually eat breakfast at school.苏姗在学校通常不吃早饭。

He sometimes gets up at 5:30.=Sometimes he gets up at 5:30.他有时5点30分起床。

4.表示频率的短语有:

once/twice a week一周一次/两次,three times a day一天三次,every day/week/year每天/每星期/每年……

【温馨提示】三次或三次以上一般用“基数词+times”来表示。

5.当对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时,常用how often,意为“多久一次”。如:

—How often does Lisa go to the movies?丽萨多久看一次电影?

—Never.从不。

6.频率副词或短语常与一般现在时连用。如:

I never eat meat.我从不吃肉。

Jim usually does his homework in the evening.吉姆通常晚上做作业。

Sally doesn't often watch TV at the weekend.沙丽周末不常看电视。

How often do you eat fruit?你多久吃一次水果?

语法精练

Ⅰ.从括号内选择正确的单词或短语完成句子。

1.My mother is very busy,so she ________(hardly/usually) goes shopping.

2.We all like Jim,because he is kind and ________(never/always) helps others.

3.I know vegetables are good for me,but I ________(often/hardly ever) eat them.

4.Julie ________(usually/never) watches sports shows because she doesn't like sports at all.

5.—________(How often/How soon) do you go to the movies?

—Sometimes.

Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。

6.She washes clothes every Sunday.(改为否定句)

She ________ ________ clothes every Sunday.

7.Jack usually does his homework at school.(改为一般疑问句)

________ Jack ________ ________ his homework at school?

8.They go to the science club three times a week.(对画线部分提问)

________ ________ ________ they go to the science club?

9.Frank usually listens to music in the evening.(对画线部分提问)

________ ________ Frank usually ________ in the evening?

10.We have English lessons on Monday,Tuesday,Thursday and Friday.(改为同义句)

We have English lessons ________ ________ a week.

Ⅲ.根据汉语意思及所给提示,翻译下列句子。

11.夏天的下午我们通常在公园里玩。(usually)

________________________________________________________________________

12.我妈妈上班从不迟到。(never)

________________________________________________________________________

13.你经常在学校图书馆读书吗?(often)

________________________________________________________________________

14.不要总是待在家里看电视。(always)

________________________________________________________________________

15.有时候我坐汽车去那里。(sometimes)

________________________________________________________________________

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

Ⅰ.1.hardly 2.always 3.hardly ever 4.never 5.How often

Ⅱ.6.doesn't wash7.Does;usually do8.How often do9.What does;do

10.four times

Ⅲ.11.We usually play in the park in the afternoon in summer.

12.My mother is never late for work.13.Do you often read books in the school library?14.Don't always

watch TV at home.15.Sometimes I go there by car.

Unit 3I'm more outgoing than my sister.

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

语法精讲

形容词、副词的比较级

1.概念:英语中大多数形容词、副词有三个等级:原级、比较级和最高级。两者比较用比较级;三者或三者以上相比用最高级。比较的对象必须是属于同一性质或范畴的人或物。

【注意】比较的对象必须一致;比较的双方必须在同一范围内。

表示两者在某一方面相同时,用“as+形容词或副词原级+as”的句型。如:

I think science is as important as math.我认为科学和数学一样重要。

表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时,用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as”的句型。如:It is not as/so warm today as yesterday.今天不如昨天暖和。

语法精练

Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.I think Sally did as ________(better) as Lucy in the math competition.

2.Linda is much ________ (hard-working) than Anna.

3.Who has ________ (many) books,Zhang Li or Li Ying?

4.Do you think you are ________ (outgoing) than your father?

5.It was cold yesterday,but it is much ________ (cold) today.

6.This box is much ________(heavy),isn't it?

7.Who is ________ (funny) than you in your class?

8.I work ________(hard) this term,but David works even ________(hard).

9.Which day was ________(hot),today or yesterday?

10.This story is very ________(interesting),but that story is ________(interesting) than this one. Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。

11.Mike is ten years old. Bill is ten years old,too.(合并成一句)

Mike is ________ ________ ________ Bill.

12.My room is cooler than his.(改为同义句)

His room is ________ than ________.

13.I'm not as tall as my brother.(改为同义句)

I'm ________ ________ my brother.

14.He has shorter hair than Sam.(改为同义句)

Sam's hair ________ ________ than his.

15.Japanese is not as popular as English.(改为同义句)

English is ________ ________ than Japanese.

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

Ⅰ.1.well 2.more hard-working 3.more 4.more outgoing 5.colder

6.heavier7.funnier8.hard;harder9.hotter10.interesting;more interesting

Ⅱ.11.as old as12.warmer;mine13.shorter than14.is longer 15.more popular

Unit 4What's the best movie theater?

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

语法精讲

形容词、副词的最高级

1.定义:形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较,意为“最……”。

2.形容词、副词最高级的标志词:

(1)形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the;副词最高级前面的the可以省略。如:

Kate is the most hard-working student in our school.凯特是我们学校最勤奋的学生。

【注意】形容词最高级前面若有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等修饰时,不用定冠词the。如:Bob is Mr.Green's youngest son.鲍勃是格林先生最小的儿子。

形容词最高级前若有序数词限定时,the应放在序数词之前。如:

She is the third shortest students in Class Two.她是二班个子第三矮的学生。

(2)形容词、副词最高级常与介词in或of引导的短语连用,与in连用意为“在……内”,表示“在某范围内”,不一定是同类;与of连用表示“属性”,介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一类人或物,意为“在某同类中”。如:

He is the oldest dentist in the hospital.他是这所医院中年龄最大的牙医。

He is the oldest of all the dentists.他是所有牙医中年龄最大的。

3.含形容词、副词最高级的句式:

形容词、副词最高级的基本结构:主语+谓语+the+形容词或副词最高级+比较范围。形容词和副词最高级常出现在以下句型中:

(1)Who/Which…,A,B or C?在选择疑问句中,如果有三者或三者以上供选择,且有or连接时,要用形容词或副词最高级。如:

Which is the biggest,the earth,the sun or the moon?地球、太阳和月亮,哪个最大?

(2)one of the+形容词/副词最高级+复数名词,表示在众多当中“最……之一的……”。如:

Xi'an is one of the oldest cities in China.西安是中国最古老的城市之一。

4.形容词和副词最高级的意义也可以用比较级形式表达。常见的有:

(1)形容词/副词比较级+than+any other+单数名词。如:

Jack gets up earlier than any other student in our class.杰克在我们班起得最早。

(2)形容词/副词比较级+than+the other+复数名词。如:

Linda is quieter than the other girls in her class.琳达是她班上最安静的女孩。

语法精练

Ⅰ.用括号内所给形容词或副词的适当形式填空。

1.I have many foreign friends.Vera is ________ (outgoing) one of them.

2.Who does homework________(carefully) in your class?

3.Who do you think is ________(funny),Mr.Smith,Mr.Black or Mr.White?

4.The school has ________ (little) students in Kunming.There are only 43 students in the school. 5.Anna plays the piano ________(well) than Susan.And Sally plays it the ________(well).6.Yang Hao and his twin brother look the same,but Yang Hao is ________ (heavy).

7.Last Sunday Linda sang ________ (beautifully) and won the singing competition.

8.He is one of the ________(friendly) people in shopping center.

9.The watch is very nice.And it is ________(expensive) one of all.

10.We know China has ________ (many) people in the world.

Ⅱ.把下列句子改为同义句,每空一词。

11.My ruler is shorter than Jim's.

Jim's ruler is ________ ________ mine.

12.Mike doesn't do as well as Tom.

Mike ________ ________ than Tom.

13.Bill is the tallest boy in his class.

Bill is ________ than ________ ________ boy in his class.

14.Eliza was born in 1990.Li Fei was born in 1990,too.

Eliza is ________ ________ ________ Li Fei.

15.This question is easier than that one.

This question isn't ________ ________ ________ that one.

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

Ⅰ.1.the most outgoing 2.(the) most carefully 3.the funniest 4.the least

5.better;best 6.heavier7.(the) most beautifully8.friendliest

9.the most expensive10.the most

Ⅱ.11.longer than12.does worse13.taller;any other14.as old as

15.as/so difficult as

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1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 3. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事 10. start doing sth. 开始做某事 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 12. look + adj 看起来 13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢? 15. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于…… 16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 三、重点句子 1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的? 1)这是一个由疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句。Where用来询问地点或场所,用于句首,其后跟一般疑问句。如:Where are you from? Where does he live? 2)go on vacation“去度假” He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假。 【解析】 vacation [v?'ke??n] n 假期 = holiday on vacation 在度假 take a vacation 去度假 winter vacation 寒假 summer vacation 暑假 ①I have a lot of _______________every year . (vacation) ( ) ②— Where did Sarah go on vacation? — She went to America. A.on vacation B. take a vacation C. is on vacation D. is for vacation

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often(常常,经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置: a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如: David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如: We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7:10去上学。 c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:Never have I been there. 5) every day 与everyday 1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

初中英语语法精讲精练

David

一名词的分类: 1.名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词,专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类:1)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 二,名词变复数: 2 名词复数的不规则变化1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen。但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。 2)单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。 3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。 b. news 为不可数名词。 c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如: "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜)trousers,clothes等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。 6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。 物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量,如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice一则建议。 5. 定语名词的复数 名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。例如: sports meeting 运动会students reading-room 学生阅览室talks table 谈判桌the foreign languages department 外语系2)man, woman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 例如:men workers women teachers gentlemen officials 3)有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。例如: goods train (货车)arms produce武器生产customs papers 海关文件clothes brush 衣刷4)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如: two-dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan.一个五年计划

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large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest (3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest (4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。 Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。

初中英语语法时态精讲版

初中英语语法时态精讲版 Prepared on 24 November 2020

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4)表示客观真理,客观存在,自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 5)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来。 6)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如: I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈细节。 一般过去时 1)表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last week, an hour ago,just now, the other day, in 1982等连用。在一般过去式中,要表达“过多少时间之后”,一般用after。几年后。例如:Where did you go just now 刚才你上哪儿去了

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八年级英语语法知识点归纳总结 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 (1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。 ① 单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ② 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest (2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。 large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest (3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest

(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。 beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most ea sily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。

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八年级上册英语语法知识点总结(一)一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do(动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain. will do结构表示将来的用法: 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t

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