医学院校本科生大五人格与焦虑症状的关系研究
ZHONGGUO YIXUEZHUANGBEI 147
undergraduate medical students from four medical universities and colleges in Liaoning province. The students were distributed questionnaires consisting of the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), big five inventory (BFI) and demographic section. A total of 1785 effective respondents became the final subjects (89.25%). Hierarchical linear regression was performed to examine the relations between different big five personality traits and anxiety symptoms. Results: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms among undergraduate medical students was 56.1%. After the adjustment for age and gender, big five personality as a whole accounted for 25% of the variance in anxiety symptoms. Agreeableness (β=-0.38) and openness (β=-0.09) were negatively related to anxiety symptoms, while neuroticism (β=0.14) was positively related to the symptoms. Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms among undergraduate medical students was high. Among the big five personality traits, agreeableness and openness were negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms, while neuroticism was positively correlated with the symptoms.[Key words] Medical universities and colleges; Undergraduate; Big five personality; Anxiety symptoms
[First-author’s address] Department of Physical Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
作者简介
李响,男,(1977- ),硕士，讲师。中国医科大学体育部，研究方向：运动健康管理。①中国医科大学体育部 辽宁 沈阳 110122
②中国医科大学公共卫生学院 辽宁 沈阳 110122③中国医科大学科学实验中心 辽宁 沈阳 110122*通讯作者：xxxue@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b112998419.html,
医学生的精神、心理健康是公共卫生与医学教育共同关注的问题之一，除抑郁症状外，医学生焦虑症状发病率也较高[1]。焦虑症状可以导致学习成绩下降、辍学和自杀意念的产生等一系列问题[2-3]。研究表明，性格特质的个体差异对焦虑症状的形成起到一定的作用[4]。作为应用最为广泛的性格特质模型，大五人格将性格特质由许多具体的特征归纳为五个维度，即外倾性、宜人性、尽责性、神经质和开放性。研究显示性格特质，特别是神经质和外倾性与焦虑相关。具体而言，神经质是焦虑症状的预测因子，而外倾性是焦虑症状的保护因子[5-6]。但是，到目前为止只有一项国外研究检验了医学生群体中的大五性格与焦虑症状之间的关系，其证实了焦虑症状的严重程度与神经
质正相关[7]。医学生是未来医疗服务的重要提供者，其心理健康关系到医疗服务质量。伴随着过去10年大学生的扩招，医学生的心理健康状况并未得到应有的关注，国内尚未发现关于医学生大五性格与焦虑症状的大样本、多中心研究。因此，本研究在调查医学生焦虑症状的患病率的基础上，检验大五性格特质与焦虑症状之间的关系。1 材料与方法1.1 一般资料
本研究于2014年6-12月对辽宁省中国医科大学、大连医科大学、辽宁医学院和沈阳医学院四所医学院校实施横断面调查。从每所院校五年制的每个年级选取4个行政班级的全体学生，共2000人，向其分发自