英语四级作文万能模板

It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone

up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).

What is the reason for this change Mainly there are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因).

From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).

辩论式议论文模版1

Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.

There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3.

In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.

For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据 but not the least, 论据3.

To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版3 There is no consensus 一致of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion（观念） is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious.

First of all, 论据1。Furthermore, 论据2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。

A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。

As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测

调整心态

心理状态就是一个人的心情。心情的好坏，会直接地影响我们工作、学习的效果。你也能看到，在体育比赛中，由于心理状态的起伏，参赛选手的发挥会跟着有较大的起伏。同样的道理，心理状态的正常与否对参加听力考试的同学来说也至关重要。心理方面的任何失衡都会使你手忙脚乱，得分率降低，平时掌握的内容也有可能发挥不出来；相反，保持良好的心态，则会使你如虎添翼，发挥出最佳水平。

考试中的心理偏差有两种，一是过于放松，难以集中注意力，总是想起别的东西，无法抓住听力内容的关键词；二是过于紧张，心跳加快，手心出汗，有头晕的感觉。出现前一种情况的同学要加强训练，找一个与考试环境相似的教室，模仿真实的考试场景，逐渐进入状态；出现后一种情况的同学可能是对自己的能力估计不足，心中无数，有一种惧怕心理。这就要从自身做起，平时加强听力训练，做到有的放矢，弥补弱项。从而充满自信，保持心理稳定。在考前，把指令背熟，然后在放指令的录音时，阅读选择项，并进行有关的预测，这时，紧张的心理自然消除了。另外，要做到顺其自然，我们的意思是不要怕漏听一些非关键部分，像介词、连词、冠词等，总之不要去想一个没听到或一个不熟悉的单词，否则，会漏听更多内容。关于心理准备。在开首，我们提出同学们在练习听力以及正式的考试中都必须遵循的一条，就是放松心情，但要使听觉系统紧张起来。只有放松心情，才能正常（甚至超水平）发挥听力。

听的过程中，一定要集中注意力，不要胡思乱想。同学们在平时训练中，就要注意加强大脑与听觉系统之间的协调与沟通。

注意辨别近音

同音、近音词句一样，在英语语言中也有许多单词读音很接近。它们在被读出时，很容易对考生造成干扰，使你产生多余的联想。另外，在对所提问题设定的选项中，通常会出现与听力材料中读音接近的单词，作为对原句中音或义的干扰。比如：

原文：

W：I’ve got to buy a new car.

M: Really

Q: What does the woman mean

选项：

A) She purchased a car recently.

B) She knew the car was in the lot.

C) She always forgets to clean her car.

D) She really needs a new car.

可以看出，B)项中的knew是对原文中new的近音干扰，C)项中的forget是对have got to 的近音干扰。

因此，在遇到这类题时，要求考生要仔细，不要一看到干扰项就立即作出选择，从而中了题设陷阱。

此外，还要注意语音、语调的问题。中国考生对英语中以语调、语气表意的句子不熟悉，从而难以领会说话者要表达的真实意图，结果造成失分。因此，应试者应对这一项加以研究，并加强训练。以陈述句为表达形式而句末用升调，表示说话人的怀疑，不同意或不完全同意对方的观点。句子结构是陈述形式，但句末用的是降调或低升调，表示说话人的无所谓或乐观的态度，不表示怀疑。

感叹句用升调结尾，表怀疑。疑问句句末用升调表示怀疑，而用降调不表怀疑。如Is he honest用降调表示说话者认为他是诚实的。同学们对连续和弱读的现象也应有所了解。

要做必要记录

同学们对于记忆的培养很重要。记有两种形式，一是用脑记，二是用手记。人的脑力是有时间局限的，超出一定的时间，信息就会弱化，甚至消失。因此，训练作笔录能力大有好处。在听较长的信息时，一边脑记并理解，一边还要做笔录，只有这样，才能有效地理解和判断。如果没有记住关键内容，所做的判断当然无凭无据，正确性就会大打折扣。

在四级考试中，听力两部分都要求考生具有迅速而准确地记录有效信息的能力。

在Section A中，有关于时间，数量推算之类的题目。做这类题目时，考生要记下有关数字，并作简单计算。否则，等听完之后，脑中暂歇的信息一经消退，你就可能无法得到正确答案，亦或出现混乱而出错。

例如：

W：I only have ten dollars,is it enough for three tickets

M:Well, you can buy three ＄ 2 tickets and three ＄ 3 tickets, whichever you like.

W:I’ll like the cheaper seats,please.

Q:How much money will the woman have after she buys the tickets

作这个题时，最好记下几个数字：10，3，2，3，分别代表有10元钱，买3张票，有2元一张和3元一张的，当你听到买票者要便宜的一种，你立即可得出她还剩四元钱。

在section B中，一篇短文被连续地读出来，这时记录关键信息就显得尤为重要。只有你准确地记下了有关信息，才能顺利地完成后面的题目。

怎样记记什么我们说速记，简记；记要点，记关键词。简单到什么程度，只要是自己能看懂，能为做题服务就足够了，记的要点包括中心思想、主要人物、主要情节，有关的地点、时间、数字(要准确)等。

快速浏览选项

考生要切记，对付一切听力考试都行之有效的做法是快速浏览选择项并提炼信息点，再找出选项间的联系点。当录音人在即将开始读Directions时，这就是你阅读选择项的最佳时机。应充分抓住这段时间，速读选项，预测内容，从而做到心中有数。通过阅读，应明确以下信息：

a) 题目所涉及到的主要人物，地点等，如是场景类考题，应迅速联想起与该场景有关的词汇，全神贯注地倾听相关信息。

b) 一般四个选择项的设计都会和录音内容或多或少地有点关系，以使能够造成干扰。这时，你就要比较它们之间的联系点，大胆地进行猜想，事先得到一个印象，再与听力材料结合，就会迅速找出答案。

这一技巧是建立在考生有较强的阅读能力的基础上。当考生具有这一能力时，通过在播放录音前的短暂时间里对问题所设的选择项的涉及内容快速地通览一下，掌握其大意。这样，你就会有针对性，目的性地去注意听力材料中提供的信息。从而迅速地找出有效词句来，作出正确判断。

例如：

A)The doctor is busy tomorrow.

B)The doctor won’t see her tomorrow.

C)The doctor is busy all day today.

D)The doctor will see her today.

当你阅读了这四个选项后，你就会联想到这是关于医生的活动安排的内容。这时，你就要集中注意力在医生的日程上。请看原文：

W: When can the doctor see me

M: He won’t be free until tomorrow.

Q: What does the man mean

你听到医生直到明天才会有空时，答案就很明显了。A)、B)、D)项都与原文所表达的意思不符。只有C)贴切。从这一点也可以看出，听力技巧的提高跟你阅读能力高低有很大关系，因此，平时还要加强阅读训练，以期能迅速理解选项意思。

尽管英语四级六级历年的具体题目不一样，但考察的范围没有变，以英语六级而言，不外乎五千多个单词和基本的语法知识；但每年不同的考生都有栽在这雷同的题目上的。

过英语四级的时候，很多同学没怎么努力，就靠着高中时打下的一点英语底子就混了个及格，到英语六级时还想蒙混过关，结果栽了。固然是因为英语六级比英语四级多了些单词量，

听力快了点，阅读文章长了点，写作的字数多了点，但如果老老实实、仔仔细细、认认真真、勤勤恳恳地把基础工作做好了，拿高分是没问题的。

首先，大家要相信基础工作的重要性，要相信通往知识的金字塔顶没有什么捷径，要相信天道酬勤。固然考试会牵涉到一些社会常识、英美文化背景知识和逻辑思辨能力，但更重要的考察对象还是基本的语言知识，说白了就是单词和语法，这是一切题型的基础。既然这两样东西这么重要，就不应该简单地对待。以单词而言，一个单词应该从五个方面去记。

读音。要知道一个单词的正确发音。不要说现在不考口语就不需要知道单词的读音。其实朗读单词有助于记忆，而且只有你自己知道一个单词怎么读，而且经常地读，在听力里听到时才会迅速反映出来。还有知道了单词的正确读音有助于拼写。像phenomenon这样的词基本上怎么读就怎么写，经常地、正确地读就不至于写错。

词形。词形不光是指一个单词的拼写，而且还包括它的各种形式变化。这是英语比较烦的地方，汉语就没有这个毛病。但我们学的是英语就要尊重它的习惯。首先，要掌握一个单词不同词性的词形，要知道economy是名词，economic是形容词，economize是动词；succeed 是动词，success是名词。其次，要知道一个单词的各种其他形式变化，如名词的复数形式，动词的分词形式，形容词、副词的比较级形式等等。

词义。不要只记住一个单词的一层意思，要尽可能地多记。因为只要一个单词是大纲词表里的，出题人的假设是你知道它任何一层意思，因此要知道game不光可以表示“游戏”、“比赛”，还可以表示“猎物，野味”和“体育用品”；observe不光可以表示“观察”，还可以表示“遵守，奉行”如observe a rule，或“纪念，庆祝”，如observe a person's birthday，或“说，评述”，如He observed that we should probably have rain等等。

词的用法。尤其是一些抽象的动词、形容词、名词等等，一定要记住用法，也就是记住相关的搭配或例句，这样印象才会深，在完形时才能选的对，阅读时才会有语感，写作时用词才能准确。比如，记commit要记住commit suicide，commit a crime和commit oneself to (doing) something；记transmit要记住transmit heat/light，transmit TV signals和transmit diseases；记access最好记住例句Citizens may have free access to the library （市民可以自由使用图书馆）或 Only high officials had access to the emperor in the past（过去只有高级官员才有机会见到皇帝）。

词的同义词、近义词和反义词。学习要融会贯通，每学一个词都要想想跟它相近或相反的词。严格地说，没有哪两个词的意思或用法是完全一样的，因此要善于区别。比如，suspect 和doubt都表示“怀疑”，但I suspect that he is a thief 表示我倾向于认为他是个贼，而I doubt that he is a thief则表示我倾向于认为他不是个贼。再比如，nation，country 和state都可以表示“国家”，但nation强调的是国民，country强调的是地理意义上的国家，而state则强调政治、政府、政权意义上的国家。只有这样区分，完形时才能选对，写作用词才能准确。当然收集了一些同义词、近义词在写作时换着用也可以做到用词多样，比如“认为”不要老用think，可以在适当的地方换为hold，claim，argue，believe等等。

这样说下来，有的同学感到绝望了：我哪还有时间去做这么多工作啊五千多个单词都这么记，我得记到猴年马月啊其实不是所有的单词都需要这样去记，只是一些高频词或用法比较重要、比较难的词需要，而且我相信大部分同学大部分单词已经记好了，只不过需要做一下查漏补缺、融会贯通和复习巩固的工作。再说了，就算时间少又怎么样你没有时间做这样的工作，有时间干什么呢有时间大量地做题然后看着一次不如一次的分数而捶胸顿足有时间去买答案、找枪手、押考题别自欺欺人、铤而走险了。

现在还有时间，同学们完全可以做足准备地迎接考试的！

1. compatible a. 相容的；兼容的

compatible 指两个事物不仅无分歧，不互相排斥，而且可以并存，和谐地处在一起。既可指人的和谐相处，也可指物体间的兼容。

be compatible with sb. /sth. 与某人相处融洽/两个物体（或物质）相互兼容

This software isn't compatible with my laptop.

这款软件跟我的手提电脑不兼容。

2. compensate v. 赔偿

compensate for 弥补，赔偿表示补偿还有一个短语make up for。

He promises to compensate for my loss.

他答应赔偿我的损失。

3. compile v. 汇编；编辑

英语中表示“编纂”的词还有edit，它们的细微区别如下：

compile 通常指根据搜集、整理的资料编辑词典或汇编文集。

edit 普通用词，含义更广泛，指校订、编辑他人待出版的著作，也指对杂志、报刊的稿件进行编辑、编排加工。

compile routine 编译程序 compile command 编译指令。

compile名词形式为compilation，形容词形式为compilatory。

It costed him several years to compile this encyclopedia.

编纂这部百科全书花了他好几年时间。

4. complement v. 补充，与……相配 n. 补足语，补充

与complement类似，表示“补充”的名词还有supplement，它们之间的细微区别如下：

complement 强调一方对另一方补充后，二者的结合性、整体性，即二者互为补充，相对于supplement更表示一种密不可分的关系。

supplement 侧重于对事物完善或整体的补充。强调的是在一件事物的基础上进行额外补充，以使其更完善。

The episode complements the film well.

这插曲跟这部电影配合完美。

5. compliment v. /n. 赞美；恭维

这个词跟上面的complement只有一个字母的区别，大家不要弄混了哦~

英语中表示“称赞”的动词还有很多，它们的区别如下：

compliment 侧重客气和礼貌，有时含恭维之意。

praise 普通用词，指用语言或其它方式表示夸奖、赞扬。

applaud 尤其指出色的表演或高尚的行为等得到同声赞许、大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。commend 正式用词，指对具体功绩或成就等表示称赞或嘉奖。

compliment on 赞扬 compliment sb. on sth. 称赞某人的……

He is absolutely complimenting, because he is absent-minded.

他根本就是在恭维，他的注意力完全不在这里。

6. comply with v. 遵从

comply 不及物动词，表示顺从，答应，遵从，与介词with搭配使用。

Not only drivers but also pedestrians should comply with traffic regulations.不论是司机还是行人都要遵守交通规则。

7. compulsory a. 必做的；义务的

compulsory evacuation 强制撤离 compulsory education 义务教

育 compulsory subject 必修课

compulsory service 义务兵役 compulsory labour 强制劳动

English is a compulsory subject for college students.

英语是大学生的必修课。

8. conceive of v. 构想

conceive除了表示“设想、想出”外，还可表示怀孕。

conceive of 想象，臆测 conceive a child 怀孕

I can't conceive of why he did such a stupid thing!

我想不出来他怎么会干这么蠢的事！

9. confidential a. 机密的

这个词跟confident可不是一个意思哦~

This is a confidential document.

这是一份机密文件。

10. conform to v. 遵从，符合

表示“适应”的动词还有以下几个，它们的区别如下：

conform 多指与某模式或规则相符，也引申指改变习惯等以适应新的环境。

adapt 指人或物在原有情况下作某些改变以适应新的环境或不同的条件，强调改变的目的和重要性。

adjust 与adapt含义很接近，但adjust所改变的幅度要小一些，侧重过程，主要用于调整角度、高度、光点等。

accommodate 书面用词，指以外部条件标准改变自己或某事以求得适应，着重改变或调节的有利。

suit 指适合要求，从而使人满意愉快。

fit 含义广，指人或物适合或适应某一目的或用途。

We always conform with each other.

我们的意见总能达成一致。

1 take a rain check 改天

2 lost count 弄不清楚

3 be in another world 精神恍惚；魂不守舍

4 make yourself at home 随意，随便

5 save your breath 省口气吧；别白费口舌了

6 make sense 有意义，理解

7 cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵

8 burn a hole in one's pocket 很快地被花光

9 fill one's shoes 很好地顶替；令人满意地替代

10 is ice cold 表示理所当然

11 like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物

13 lose one's train of 忘记

14 meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步

15 on the dot 准时；正点

16 once and for all 最后一次；干脆

17 out of earshot不在听力所及范围

18 out of this world 非常好

19 play by ear 随机应变，视情形而定

20 ring a bell 令人想起某件事；听起来耳熟

21 share a common outlook 有共同的观点

22 six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 半斤八两；没什么区别

23 stick around 在附近逗留或等待

24 stick with 继续做，坚持

25 straighten out 扯平；结清

26 toss and turn （身体）翻来覆去（通常表示难以入睡）

27 turn one's back （在别人遇到困难时）不愿帮助

28 under the weather 身体不适，生病

29 bite off more than one can chew贪多嚼不烂；心有余而力不足；不自量力；力不从心

30 break new ground 创新

31 do the trick 做成功；达到理想的结果

32 drag one's feet 行动缓慢；磨磨蹭蹭不情愿

33 draw the line 拒绝，拒不容忍

34 feel down in the dumps 心情不好；情绪低落

35 few and far between 不多；少而分散的；不常碰到或发现的；稀少的

36 fit as a fiddle身体很健康

37 grin and bear 任劳任怨；毫无怨言地忍受

38 hit the spot （特指吃了食物，喝了饮料之后）精神完全恢复过来或感到满足；恢复精力；提精神

39 keep between the two of us 不让第三者知道，保密

40 know a thing or two about 略知一二

在四六级作文中，词汇量不足是影响成绩的一个重要因素。一个意思往往因为一个单词不会而表达不清，一个好的句子也会因为一个词汇想不起来而不能完成。如何应付这种情况使作文顺利进行下去下面是三种简便易行的应急措施可能对你会有所帮助。

1. 试用笼统词

英语语言中笼统词有have, take 等，笼统词的重要特点在于意义广泛，搭配性强，构成词组后可以替代众多具体动词。虽然不能精确表达一个动作，却能大致表达意思。在一些具体动词写不出来的时候，用这些笼统词取代，也能收到异曲同工的效果。

例如：我经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。

I experienced a terrible hard time.

这一句中，experience被遗忘时，用have代替，成为：I had a terrible hard time. 其效果及表达的意义决不亚于第一句。这样的例子还很多。如：

Do you understand my meaning, sir = Do you take my meaning, sir

I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.

I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.

They occupied the city. = They took the city.

The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.

从以上的例句不难看出，具体词音节较多，使用频率不高，容易遗忘，而笼统词则不然。因此，在作文应试中，笼统词取代具体词，不失为一种应急良策。

2. 联想有关词汇

当遗忘产生时，或遇到未曾学过的词时，应采取放射性思维，发挥想象力，想出一切与之有关的单词，利用语言的内在联系，多层次，多角度地运用语言。一般情况下，联想可按下列思路进行：1联想同义词；2联想反义词。

英语语言中众多的同义词在许多情况下是可以通用的。利用这一规律，由于某个单词受阻而影响全篇写作的情况便不会出现。试看下列句子：

I had a nightmare last night. = I had a bad dream last night.

Nightmare 使用频率不太高，因此不太好记。而其同义词bad dream 却很容易记。以后者取代前者丝毫不影响原句的意义。再比如：I don‘t understand this word. 也可以说成 I don’t know this word.

又如：

He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.

The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.

They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.

英语语言中词与词之间是有联系的，词与词之间语义的“共核”现象即所谓的同义词。丰富的同义词给我们提供了极大的方便。

同样，用其反义词来取代某一遗忘了的词也是可行的，请看下面的例子：

He is stubborn. = He is not tame.

The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.

This is expensive. = This is not cheap.

She is talkative. = She is never quiet.

3. 试用解释性语句

语言的功能在于表达，而表达的方式是多种多样的。当一个词影响到以沟通。英语当中多功能解释性语句，就可以起到这一作用。请看下面的句子：

He is a dumb. = He is a person who can not speak.

H e refused. = He said “no”.

I‘ve never seen such a stubborn person. = I’ve never seen such a person who never listens to other‘s advice.

解释性语句能帮助我们巧妙地避开一些大词，难词，又能使意思表达流畅，不失为一聪明之举。比较下面两篇文章：

(1)

Examination is a common headache to students all over the world. They all detest is, but all being domineered by it. It represents a trial; the grade its verdict.

Nowadays, examination has become a popular form of testing. It almost can dominate one‘s future. I am not exaggerating; for you all know it is true. If we want to obtain a diploma, we must first pass the exams. If we do not have a diploma, we may not find a job easily. That is the reason why all students are nervous and pale when they are sitting for an important examination which may concern their future.

But as long as examination is on its peak of power, we must be philosophical of it. Do not always think of the harm that it brings, but think of the good it may do to us. If we do not have exams, we may indulge ourselves in other things instead of books. Exams have to always drive us on. What is wrong for learning more and thoroughly

(2)

Examination is a common headache to students all over the world. They all dislike it (hate it), but all being ruled by it. It is a trial; the grade its decision.

Nowadays, examination has become a popular form of testing. It almost can control one‘s future. I am telling the truth, for you all know it is true. If we want to get a graduation paper, we may not find a job easily. That is the reason why all students are nervous and pale when they are sitting for an important examination which may have something to do with their future.

But as long as examination is on its highest point of power, we must have a calm attitude to it. Do not always think of the harm that it brings, but think of the good it may do to us. If we do not have exams, we may spend our time on other things instead of books. Exams have to always drive us on. What is wrong for learning more and deeply

比较两篇文章，第一篇短小精干，用词准确，不失为一篇优秀作文。而第二篇全篇采用最普通的词汇，意思同样清楚，也不失得体，流畅。

四六级作文的评分标准一般侧重于能清楚地表达意义，段落，层次有系统性，语法正确，而并不过分强调用词的精确度。因此作文应试的要领应该是快捷、清楚、流畅。所以，就考试而言，碰到难词或遗忘词时，过分地把时间花在“钻牛角尖”上是不明智的，而应该采取灵活的思维方法、迂回的战术，运用简单、易记的词汇及表达方式，从而能够运用有限的词汇作出美妙的文章，轻松自如地驾驭语言，把握时机，以聪明克服缺陷，以机智灵巧克服学究式的笨拙，以少胜多，最大限度地发挥自己的潜能。

关于如何提高阅读能力，老师们讲得都很多，各种方法和技巧也是层出不穷。其实无论冠以何种名称，无外乎两条线索。

第一，通过抓住文章中鲜明地表达起承转合关系的词汇来把握句间逻辑关系，进而推测文章内容重点、预估命题线索，最后藉由关键词的帮助力图使其与文后题目相结合——若出题点与阅读重点恰巧吻合则往往能顺利得到答案。

毋庸置疑，这种方法在应对传统阅读考试中的细节题型和部分推理题时往往比较有效，而且在某些情况下可以大大缩短解题时间。但其缺陷在于，随着各类阅读考试不断演化，纯粹意义上的细节题的比重正在逐步降低。以四六级阅读而论，对主题和文章结构的考察往往与细节相互交织，罕有不“牵一发而动全身者”。死抓细枝末节的词汇和个别语法现象在面对今时今日的阅读考试时可谓绠短汲深。这种方法没有能够跟上命题者思路的调整，一味抱残守缺故收效甚微。

第二，辨析文章结构，找到“经典模块”——如现象解释，如开门见山，如观点对立，等待——套用模块固定思路按部就班、顺藤摸瓜逐个击破。这种方法的好处是在针对结构清晰命题思路相对稳定的考题时能够把题目按既有模块对号入座，一一还原到文章各段之中。但实际演练起来却容易出现这么几种情况：要么动起笔来大脑一片空白，所谓结构模块早已抛掷九霄云外；要么搜肠刮肚，却苦于无法将手头的文章套入模版，所谓“按部就班”、“顺藤摸瓜”到头来却变成一筹莫展。阅读不同于写作，每一篇文章可能涵盖了2个甚至3个结构模块，而经典模块属于大脑抽象思维高度概括的产物——和韦伯所说的“理想模型”颇有几分类似——这句话的潜台词是“模型”原封不动地出现在社会现实（考试）中的可能性逼近于零。无怪乎大量考生抱怨，这套方法等看到答案听完老师讲解总算是后知后觉了。

综上所述，两套传统解题方式都只是部分揭示命题规律，很容易陷入命题者故布疑云的“罗生门”。另外，只纠缠细节或只从大处着手也不符合一般人的阅读习惯和认知规律，会导致大脑下意识地抵触，遑论进行主动有效的阅读呢。但如果我们能够打破两条思路之间的藩篱，按照一般阅读习惯将其有机地整合在一起，就能够开辟出“第三条道路”，从文本再建构的角度切入阅读。

按照结构主义语言学的看法，文章所提供的是文本（text），解题者所作的工作大致就是按照题目要求找到其中的样本，进行阐释。由此可见，文章阅读的第一个层次或第一个步骤——也是在拿到一篇新文章时最符合人类认知习惯的就是在接触文本信息时有意识地对其筛选、过滤，剪除冗余信息提取有效的新信息。阅读考试意在检查学生对超出其既有知识储备的文本新信息的接受能力。这里的接受不仅仅只是一个被动的了解，而是一个积极主动的对信息整理、加工、归纳和品评的过程。细心的同学也许会发现，这里所谓的了解和整理所对应的是大量的细节题，归纳所针对的是主旨题，加工往往是推理题型，而品评则是推测作者的

言外之意，甚或要求进行读者进行批判性阅读（critique reading）——对这种能力的考察四、六级相对要少些，但它却是考研英语阅读中命题者屡试不爽的法宝。在这几项能力当中，了解和整理是基础，正确地加工、归纳还有品评都建诸在前二者之上。了解、整理、加工、归纳和品评统称为对文本的解构。这些是主动型阅读中的心理过程。阅读理解考试区别于积极型阅读的特殊之处在于还要根据命题者要求选择答案——这就是对文本的二度建构或曰再建构。明白了这一点我们便可以在阅读过程中做到缩小范围，重点突破，切中肯綮，进而揣摩作者的原笔原意，从而杜绝那种对文本信息漫无边际、浮光掠影式的无效扫描。

阅读文章的字数往往在320左右。而题目永远只能有5个，每一题的答案往往是针对一到两个句子，加起来也就是100个字左右。这100个字，大约30%左右的信息量就是有效的新信息，也就是我们要了解和整理的信息。能够做到顺利地筛选出这部分新信息并主动接受也就迈出了坚实的第一步。

那么哪些信息能够算作是有效信息呢由于篇幅限制我们仅举出三类：转折、因果和比较。举个例子，06年12月份的第一篇文章在首段大量出现转折词，这些折所在的部分就是我们建构答案的主要信息区间。这里就完成了第一步了解的工作。通过进一步的分析我们发现，首段末句的转折在文本意义上的层次明显高于其他各句。其原因就在与之前的转折是具体例证，还停留在事实阐述的层面上；而末句的转折超越了单纯的事实阐述进入到理论抽象阶段。从篇章语言学（text linguistics）的角度上来讲，称之为“具体-概括模式”；或者用最通俗易懂的话来讲，就是“分-总结构”。上述这个过程也就是信息整理的进程（其中业已涵盖了部分的归纳）。整理和归纳的结果是我们必须从末句出发，按照题目要求重新建构文本。其实这个重新构建文本的进程已经由命题者代为完成——选项中最符合原笔愿意的即是在对原文解构基础之上而重新建构的文本。解题者的任务是把整理之后的信息与选项的文本进行逻辑关系的比较，选出最为接近者。（如何做逻辑关系的比较超出了本文范围，需要另外撰文分析。但同学们要记住最常见的重构文本的方法无外乎抽象概括、等价替换、语序倒置、角度转换这些。）希望同学们能够在平常的训练中对照此法，慎思之，明辨之，笃行之，从而真正提高阅读能力。

2020最新9月英语四级作文万能模板3篇

【篇一】2020年9月英语四级作文万能模板 (1) 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。 1. 有一些人认为... 2. 另一些人认为... 3. 我的看法... The topic of ①-----------------(主题)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------(支持A的理由一)What is more, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三). While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------(理由二). Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三). From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------(我的观点). The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice . (2) 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点 Some people believe that ①----------------(观点一). For example, they think ②-----------------(举例说明).And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处). In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二). Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法). 【篇二】2020年9月英语四级作文万能模板 Your address Month, Date, year

大学英语四级考试历年作文真题范文(6)

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bb14295761.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） [范文9] importance of education the prosperity of a nation depends on the development of education. throughout the world whatever advance has been made in science and technology is due to education, which brings forth by scientists and inventors. it is never overdone no matter how one emphasizes the importance of education. there is no doubt that countries with undeveloped education will remain poor. education is as vital to the development of an individual as it is to that of a nation. of all the elements of success in our careers none is more vital than education. it is not the genius that makes the difference between success and failure. education is the driving power. in fact, most of the famous people in our times spent many years in studies. can you name any great men you admire who are not educated persons? yet some people are still ignorant of its importance. some parents, especially in the countryside, think that it is unnecessary to send their children to school. some other parents are so selfish that they have their children work for money. in consideration of the situation, compulsory education must be enforced to ensure that there will be enough educated young people for the future of our country. [范文10] the importance of self education self education brings success. though we students have teachers to help us, still we should pay more attention to self study. here are some suggestions. first, read outside our class. every new book one reads will benefit him in one way or another. the more we read, the more we are benefited. as life is short and knowledge is infinite, we should try to read as many books as we can. second, improve our memory and reasoning powers. if we read more and more, we can make our memory and reasoning powers improve to some degree. moreover, we shall be able to write more clearly and correctly. third, develop our character. when we have formed the habit of reading, we can put into practice what they have taught and build up a good character. in a word, if we want to educate ourselves, the most important thing for us to do is to read not only our textbooks, but also any other books that are within our reach. 五、图表、信函及其他 [范文1] should women have equal job opportunities with men? this table shows the different opinions about whether women should have equal job opportunities in the following three countries, china, the u.s.a. and japan. as can be seen in the table, the people who agree with this point exceed those who disagree, especially in china. however, there are still some people in the three countries, especially in japan who are against women’s equal job opportunities with men.

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Argumentation 型 1） some, others, I 型 （1）模版一 There is no consensus among the people as to the view of _________ (主题). Some people hold the idea that _______________________ (观点A). A case in point is that _____________________________ (支持观点A 的例子). On the other hand, others may have a quite different view. Accordin g to them, ______________ (观点B). The most typical example is that __________ (支持观点B 的例子). Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agr ee with the latter. Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some extent, but the latter is more convincing. （2）模版二 ___________ (主题) is a common occurrence in our lives. The attitude s toward this issue vary from person to person. Some people tend to ___ ___________ when they are asked _________________ (观点A) because _______________________ (支持观点A 的原因). The most typical example is that ____________________________ (支持观点A 的例子). However, others argue that ________________________ (观点B). They point out that _______________________ (重申观点B) for the reason that 、管路敷设技术通过管线敷设技术，不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范问题，而且可保障各类管路习题到位。在管路敷设过程中，要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标高等，要求技术交底。管线敷设技术中包含线槽、管架等多项方式，为解决高中语文电气课件中管壁薄、接口不严等问题，合理利用管线敷设技术。线缆敷设原则：在分线盒处，当不同电压回路交叉时，应采用金属隔板进行隔开处理；同一线槽内，强电回路须同时切断习题电源，线缆敷设完毕，要进行检查和检测处理。、电气课件中调试对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料试卷相互作用与相互关系，根据生产工艺高中资料试卷要求，对电气设备进行空载与带负荷下高中资料试卷调控试验；对设备进行调整使其在正常工况下与过度工作下都可以正常工作；对于继电保护进行整核对定值，审核与校对图纸，编写复杂设备与装置高中资料试卷调试方案，编写重要设备高中资料试卷试验方案以及系统启动方案；对整套启动过程中高中资料试卷电气设备进行调试工作并且进行过关运行高中资料试卷技术指导。对于调试过程中高中资料试卷技术问题，作为调试人员，需要在事前掌握图纸资料、设备制造厂家出具高中资料试卷试验报告与相关技术资料，并且了解现场设备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。、电气设备调试高中资料试卷技术电力保护装置调试技术，电力保护高中资料试卷配置技术是指机组在进行继电保护高中资料试卷总体配置时，需要在最大限度内来确保机组高中资料试卷安全，并且尽可能地缩小故障高中资料试卷破坏范围，或者对某些异常高中资料试卷工况进行自动处理，尤其要避免错误高中资料试卷保护装置动作，并且拒绝动作，来避免不必要高中资料试卷突然停机。因此，电力高中资料试卷保护装置调试技术，要求电力保护装置做到准确灵活。对于差动保护装置高中资料试卷调试技术是指发电机一变压器组在发生内部故障时，需要进行外部电源高中资料试卷切除从而采用高中资料试卷主要保护装置。

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