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湘教版英语八年级上册初二英语知识点【最新整理】

湘教版英语八年级上册初二英语知识点【最新整理】
湘教版英语八年级上册初二英语知识点【最新整理】

新人教版八年级上册

英语单元语法及知识点归纳

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

【重点语法】

不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。

用法注意:

1. some 和 any + 可数名 / 不可数名。

some 多用于肯定句, any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用 some, 不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。

2. 由 some, any, no, every 与 body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用三单。

3. 不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如: something interesting

【重点短语】

1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物

2. taste + adj. 尝起来……

3. nothing...but + V.( 原形 ) 除了…… 之外什么都没有

4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来

5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方到达某地

6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事

8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

9. want to do sth. 想去做某事

10. start doing sth. 开始做某事 =begin doing sth.

11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分: stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事

14. so + adj + that + 从句如此…… 以至于……

16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事

17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事

18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事

【词语辨析】

1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照

quite a few+ 名词复数“ 许多…”

2. seem + 形容词看起来…... You seem happy today.

seem + to do sth. 似乎 / 好像做某事 I seem to have a cold

It seems + 从句似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you.

seem like ... 好像,似乎….. It seems like a good idea.

3. arrive in + 大地点 = get to= reach+ 地点名“ 到达......”

arrive at + 小地点

(注:若后跟地点副词 here/there/home, 介词需省略,如: arrive here; get home )4. feel like sth 感觉像…

feel doing sth. 想要做某事

5. wonder (想知道) + 疑问词( who, what, why) 引导的从句。

6. because of + 名 / 代 /V-ing

because+ 从句

He can’t take a walk because o f the rain.

I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

7. enough + 名词足够的…...

形容词 / 副词 +enough

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

【重点语法】

1. 频率副词 : always, usually, often, sometimes, never

频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前 , be 动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中。

2.“ 次数” 的表达方法

一次 once ,两次 twice ,三次或三次以上:基数词 + times, 如: three times, five times, 3. how often“ 多久一次” 问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语。

常见的 how 疑问词:

1 ) How soon 多久(以后)

—How soon will he be back? 他多久能回来?

—He will be back in a month. 他一个月后能回来。

2 )how long “ 多久”

—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打扫房子用了多久?—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打扫这房子用了半小时。

3 ) How many+ 名复

How much+ 不可名

“ 多少” 问数量( how much 还可问价格)

【重点短语】

1. go to the movies 去看电影

2. look after = take care of 照顾

3. surf the internet 上网

4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式

5. go skate boarding 去划板

6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康

7. eating habits 饮食习惯

8. take more exercise 做更多的运动

9. the same as 与什么相同

10. be different from 不同

11. once a month 一月一次

12. twice a week 一周两次

13.make a difference to 对 ...... 有影响 / 作用

14. most of the students=most students

15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物

16. be good for 对 ...... 有益

17. be bad for 对 ...... 有害

18. come home from school 放学回家

19. of course = certainly = sure 当然

20. get good grades 取得好成绩

21. keep/be in good health 保持健康

22. take a vacation 去度假

【词语辨析】

1. maybe / may be

maybe 是副词,意为“ 大概,可能,或许” ,一般用于句首。 May be 是情态动词,意为“ 可能是 ... ,也许是 ... ,大概是...”.

The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.

The woman may be a teacher.

2. a few / few / a little / little

People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.

There is little time left. I won’t catch the first bus.

Could you give me a little milk?

3. hard / hardly

hard 作形容词,意为“ 困难的,艰苦的,硬的” ;作副词,意为“ 努力地,猛烈地” 。hardly 为副词,意为“ 几乎不” 。

The ground is too hard to dig.

I can hardly understand them.

It’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.

4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .

as for... 意思是“ 至于;关于” , + 名词、代词或动词的 -ing 形式(即动名词)。

如: As for him , I never want to see him here.

至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。

As for the story , you'd better not believe it.

关于那故事,你最好不要相信。

5. That sounds interesting.

这是“ 主语 + 系动词 + 表语” 结构的简单句。 sound (听起来), look (看起来), smell (闻起来), taste (尝起来), feel (觉得), seem (好象), grow (变得) ,get (变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。如:

It tastes good. 这味道好。

The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。

The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。

6. percent 名词,意为“ 百分之……”

百分数的表示方法:基数 + percent ( 不用复数形式 ) , percent 做主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。

50 %: fifty percent 百分之五十

Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50% 的苹果都坏了。

Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge. 20% 的肉都在冰箱

7. not… at all 意为“ 一点也不” , not 应放在 be 动词、情态动词或助动词之后。

The story isn’t interesting at all. 那个故事一点也没有趣。

8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是…… 的。

It is interesting to play computer games. 玩电脑很有趣。

9. take, spend, pay

It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“ 花费某人…… 时间来做某事” 。

人 (sb.) spend 时间 / 钱 on sth. “ 买某物花了…… 钱” 。

人 (sb.) spend 时间 / 钱(in) doing“ 花费多少时间来做某事” 。

pay 的主语必须是人,而“ 花钱买某物” 为 pay...for...

10. however 副词,意为“ 然而,可是” ,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末。Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

【重点语法】

1. 形容词和副词的比较等级

( 1 )形容词和副词的原形就是原级

( 2 )比较级,表示较…… 或更……

( 3 )最高级,表示最 ... 。

2. 比较级句型 :

( 1 ) A + be 动词 + 形容词的比较级+than +B “A 比 B 更……” (注意: A 与 B 必须是同级的,即必须是人与人,物与物进行对比)

( 2 )“A+ 实意动词 + 副词比较级+ than + B” 表示“A 比B…”

( 3 )比较 A , B 两人 / 两事物问其中哪一个较…... 时用句型:

“Who/which + 谓语动词 + adj./adv. 比较级,A or B ?”

Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?

3. 比较级的特殊用法

( 1 )“ 比较级 +and+ 比较级” ,意为“ 越来越” 。多音节比较级用“more and more+ 原级”

( 2 )“the+ 比较级(…), the+ 比较级(…)” 意思是:” 越… 越…”The more, the better.

( 3 )主 + is + the 形容词比较级 +of the two+ 名复“ 主语是两者中较 ...... 的”

4. 两者在某一方面相同: A+ 谓语动词 /be 动词 +as+ adj./adv. 原级 + as+ B.

Helen is as tall as Amy.

Peter studies as hard as Tom.

表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时,用“not as/so+ 形容词或副词原级+as”

I am not as tall as my sister.

5. 形容词,副词比较级前的修饰语。

当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时,可以用 much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级。注意 : 比较级不能用 very, so, too, quite 等修饰。

【重点短语】

1. more outgoing 更外向 / 更开朗

2. as...as... 与…… 一样

3. the singing competition 歌咏比赛

4. the most important 最重要的

5. be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋

6. the same as 与…… 相同

7. care about 关心 / 留意 / 关注

8. be different from 与…... 不同

9. be like a mirror 像一面镜子

10. as long as 只要;与…... 一样长

11. bring out 显示 / 显出

12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

13. reach for 伸手达到 / 达到

14. touch one’s heart 感动

15. in fact 事实上

16. make friends 交朋友

17. be good at 在某方面成绩好

18. the other 另一个

19. be similar to 与… 相似

20. be good with 与… 和睦相处

21. have fun=Have a good time 玩得开心

have fun doing sth 做某事很开心

22. do the same things as me. 做和我一样的事情

23. It’s+adj+ ( for sb. ) to do sth. “ 做某事(对某人来说)是 ... 的”

24 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友

25. as long as 只要;既然,引导条件状语从句

【词语辨析】

1. be good at=do well in ,其后可接名词、代词或动名词,表示擅长 ......

2. care about 关心

care for 关爱

take care ( 当 / 小心 )

take care of ( 照顾 )=look after

3. make sb. do sth. :让 ( 使 ) 某人做某事( make 后跟不带 to 的不定式)His father always make me get up before five o'clock.

make sb. + 形容词:使某人保持某种状态

My friends always make me happy.

4. be like“ 就像…”I am like your sister.

look like “ 外貌上的像” I look like my sister.

5. That’s why+ 句子:那就是… 的原因 / 那就是为什么…

That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力学习英语的原因。

6. be different from 与…… 不同

反: be the same as 与…… 相同

7. though

① adv. 不过;可是;然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱)

② conj. 虽然;尽管 =although ,与 but 不能同时用在一个句子中

He said he would come. He didn’t, though. 他说他要来,可是并没有来。

Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him. 尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍然记得他。

8. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

9. does( 助动词 do/did) ,为了避免重复,可代替上文出现过的实意动词。

10. be good with sb. 与某人相处得好

Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?

【重点语法】

1. 形容词最高级:用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较。

标志词:表比较范围时用 in/of

形容词最高级前须加定冠词 the ,副词最高级前可省略 the 。

2. 表示“ 三者(或以上)中最…… 的” 的句型

1 ) A + be + the 形容词最高级 + 表示范围( in/of 介词短语)

2 ) A + 实意动词 + (the) 副词最高级 + 表示范围的 of/in 介词短语

3. 常用句式

1) Who/ Which…+ 最高级…, A, B or C ?

2) one of +the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数形式 , 意为“ 最… 之一” 。

3 )序数词后跟形容词最高级

【重点短语】

1. so far 到目前为止,迄今为止

2. no problem 没什么,别客气

3. have….in common 有相同特征(想法、兴趣等方面)相同

4. be up to 由…... 决定 / 是…... 的职责

5. all kinds of … 各种各样的……

6. play a role in doing sth./ sth. 发挥作用,有影响

7. make up 编造(故事、谎言等)

8. for example=e.g. 例如

9. take …..seriously 认真对待

10. not everybody 并不是每个人

11. close to 离..…. 近

12. more and more 越来越……

【词语辨析】

1. How do you like + 名 / 代 /V-ing=What do you think of :“ 你认为… 怎么样?”

2. Thanks for=Thank you for + 名 / 代 /V-ing:“ 感谢…”

3. You’re wel come. =Not at all. 不客气

4. talent 名(可)天赋

talent show 才艺表演

talented adj. 有天赋的

be talented in 在 ...... 方面有天赋

5. be good at 擅长… ( = do well in)

反义短语: be poor / weak in 在 ... 方面薄弱

be good for 对…… 有益,后跟人或事物;其反义短语是 be bad for

be good to 对…… 好 ( 和善;慈爱 ) ,相当于 be friendly to ,后面通常接人

6. all kinds of 各种各样的

different kinds of 不同种类的

a kind of 一种…...

* kind of 有点 + adj. : kind of boring / fat /thin

7. win vt. 赢得 + 奖品 winner n. 赢者

8. watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了某事

watch doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事

9. 举例: such as 常列举几个例子,不能穷尽,可和 and so on( 等等 ) 连用; like 可和 such as 互换; for example 一般只列举一个,作插入语用逗号隔开,可置于句首 / 句中 / 句末。Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?

【重点语法】

1. 询问某人对某物的观点及看法:What do you think of …?=How do you like…?

2. 描述喜好I love/ like/ don’t mind/dislike/can’t stand…

3. 复习巩固一般现在时态:主语 +V+ 其他;主语(三单) +V( 三单 )+ 其他 )

【重点短语】

1. find out 查出 / 发现

2. be ready to do 准备做…

3. dress up 打扮 / 化妆成

4. take one's place 代替某人

5. do a good job 干的好 / 表演的出色

6. think of 想到 / 思考

7. game show 游戏节目

8. learn from 向…... 学习

9. talk show 访谈节目

10. soap opera 肥皂剧

11. go on 继续

12. watch a movie 看电影

13. one of… 其中之一

14. try one’s best to =do one’s best to 竭尽全力

15. a pair of 一双

16. as famous as 一样闻名 / 出名

17. look like 看起来像

18. around the world 世界各地

19. have a discussion about 讨论…...

20. one day 有一天 / 某一天

21. such as 例如

22. a symbol of 一个象征 / 标志

23. something enjoyable 快乐的事情

24. interesting information 有趣的信息

【词语辨析】

1. want + n 想要……

want to do sth 想要做某事

want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事……

2. mind 介意,其后 + 名词 / 代词 /V-ing

3. stand

1)“ 站 , 站立” e.g. Stand up! 起立

2) “ 忍受” ( 多用于否定句、疑问句 ) , 后可 + 名 / 代 /V-ing 4. plan vt. & vi. 计划 , 打算, plan to do sth.

plan 还可作名词,如: make plans 制定计划

5. v. discuss ( 讨论) + ion→ n. discussion

had a discussion about sth. 对某事进行讨论

6. happen v. 发生 ; 出现

sth+ happens to sb.” 或“sth happened + 时间 / 地点” 句式7. 情态动词

may 语气弱于 can ,意为“ 可能”

might 表推测,语气最弱,意为“ 可能”

may/might not 表示否定推测时语气最弱,意为“ 可能不”They may not be very exciting. 它们可能不是那么令人兴奋。

8. expect to do sth. 期盼做某事

hope to do sth: 希望干某事

很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语,如:

want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask

9. be famous as 作为…… 而出名

be famous for sth. 因为 ...... 而出名

10. one of… 后跟可数名词复数,表示… 之一。其后的谓语动词用单数。

One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean. 我最喜欢的电影之一是憨豆先生。

11. show n. 节目 TV shows/ talent shows ; v. 展示 show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.

Unit6 I’m going to study computer science.

【重点词语 / 短语用法解析】

1. want to be/become + ( 职业 ) 名词:“ 想要成为…..”

I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.

2. write stories 写故事

tell stories 讲故事

3. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事(表动作的反复)

keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续)

4. be sure about + 名 / 代 /V-ing“ 肯定”

Are you sure about that?

make sure (that)+ 从句“…... 确保...…”

Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out.

5. learn sth. We must learn English every day.

learn to do sth. I am going to learn to play ( play) the piano.

6. discuss v. 讨论;商量名词是 discussion

discuss with sb. 与某人讨论 :

Discuss this question with your partner.

Let’s discuss this problem. 让我们讨论一下这个问题。

All we need now is action, not discussion. 我们现在需要的是行动,不是讨论。

7. be able to do sth. 能够做某事

( 1 ) can : can+ 动词原形,无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能用于将来时。

be able to + 动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态。

( 2 ) can 常指客观上能够; be able to 更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事。He will be able to( 能够 ) speak English next year. (在此不能填 can )

8. promise n. 承诺;诺言 v. 许诺;承诺;答应

make a promise(to sb) (对某人)许下诺言

keep a promise 遵守诺言

break a promise 违背诺言

promise (sb) to do sth. 许诺某人干某事

promise (sb) +that 从句

He promised to help me. 他许诺过要帮助我。

I promised that I study hard from now on. 我承诺从现在起努力学习。

9. have to do with 关于;与…… 有关系

The book has to do with computers. 那本书与计算机有关。

10. take up sth./doing sth. (尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做

I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我将要学煮饭。

11. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.

too+ 形容词 / 副词 to+ 动词原形,表示“ 太…... 而不能...…” 如:

The kid is too young to play this game. 这个小孩太小,不能玩这个游戏。

12. one’s own + 名词“ 某人自己的东西” ,强调某物为个人所有

my own book 我自己的书本

【重点语法】

一般将来时“am/is/are going to + 动词原形” 结构

1. 基本形式

否定式: am/is/are not going to + 动词原形

一般疑问式: am/is/are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问式?

He is going to spend his holidays in London. 他打算在伦敦度假。

Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data for us? 他会帮我们收集数据吗?

What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什么?

2. 基本用法

( 1 )表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。

Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

( 2 )表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测。

Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.

瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。

Unit7 Will people have robots?

【重点词语 / 短语用法解析】

1. many+ 可数名词许多 ......

much + 不可数名词许多 ......

2. live to be+ 基数词+ years old“ 活到...… 岁”

3. be in great danger 处在极大的危险中

4. play a part in + 名 / 代 /V-ing. 参与某事 / 做某事

Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.

5. help (sb.) with sth. 帮助(某人)做某事

He often helps me with my English.

help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助(某人)做……

He often helps me study English.

help oneself ( to ) 自用 ( 食物等 )

Help yourself to the fish. 请随便吃鱼

6. the same a s… 和…… 一样 ...... 反义短语: be different from

7. It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花了…… 时间做某事 ( 时态根据具体情况决定)

It takes me an hour to get to my office.

spend time / money on sth. 在…… 上花费时间(金钱)

sb. spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。

I spent two hours on this math problem. 这道数学题花了我个小时。They spent two years building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

8. hundreds of + 名词复数许多 / 大量 ......

数词 +hundred + 名词复数几百 ......

类似的数词还有 thousand (千) , million (万)

There are four hundred students in our grade.

There are hundreds of tourists in Beijing every year.

9. during 在… 期间

during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend

10. the meaning of …... 的意思

Can you tell me the meaning of the words?

【重点语法】

一般将来时

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

【重点词语 / 短语用法解析】

1. cut 是“ 切 , 割” 的意思,过去式为 cut 。

cut up 意为“ 切碎”

Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up.

Cut it /them up.

2. turn on 打开 , 接通 ( 电流、煤气、水等 )

turn off 关掉 , 截断 ( 电流、煤气、水等 )

turn up 开大 , 调高 ( 音量、热量等 )

turn down 调低 , 关小 ( 音量、热量等 )

3. one more thing 另外一件事情

another ten minutes 再多十分钟

数字 + more + 物品指“ 另外的……

another + 数字 + 物品指“ 另外的……

当数字为 one 时,常与 more 连用或只用 another 。

Give me two more hamburgers ?

another two hamburgers

4. forget to do sth. 忘记(去)做某事

forget doing sth. 忘记已做过某事。

5. It’s a time ( for sb ) . to do sth. 该是(某人)做某事的时期了

It’s time ( for sb. )to do sth. =It’s time for sth. 该是(某人)做某事的时间了。It’s a time for you to study English.

It’s time for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.)

6. give thanks for + 名 / 代 V-ing “ 感恩...…”

We should give thanks for our parents.

He gave thanks for life and food.

7. Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal. by +sth./doing :

1 )以…... 方式 I study English by listening to English songs.

2 )在...… 的旁边 I am sitting by the pool.

3 )在...… 之前 I have to go to school by 8:00.

4 )搭乘 I go to school by bus.

8. Here is + 名单 ( 宾语) “ 这是…” 是倒装句

Here is a photo of my family.

Here are+ 名复

Here are some English books.

当宾语是代词时,要用顺装。如: Here you are.( 对 ) Here are you.( 错 )

9. fill sth. with sth. 用...… 把…... 装满 ( 强调动作 )

be full of“ 装满…”( 强调状态 )

I filled the cup with the milk.

The cup is full of the milk.

10. put…in(into)… 把…... 放到...… 里

11. cover…with… 用…... 覆盖

12. cut …into 把…... 切成...… Cut the apple into four pieces.

cut up… 切碎

13. serve v. 服务 n. service

serve + 名 / 代“ 提供…” The shop serves nice food.

serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. Serve it to your friends with some vegetables. serve sb. with sth. “ 用某物招待某人” Serve the guests with some tea.

【重点语法】

名词的单复数

Unit9 Can you come to my party?

【重点词语 / 短语用法解析】

1. one…another… 表示不确定数目中的另一个

one…the other… 表示两者中的另一个

I don't like this one, can you show me another?

I have two brothers. One is a lawyer and the other is a manager. some…others… 表示没有范围限定的“ 一些…... 另一些...…”

some…the others… 表示某一范围的“ 一些...… 其余的…...”

Some go to school by bike and others go to school by bus.

Some go to school by bike and the others go to school by bus.

2. invite v. 邀请 n. invitation

invite sb. to do sth.“ 邀请某人干某事”

invite sb. to+ 地点名词

1) Mr. Green invited me to visit his factory last week.

2) Thanks a lot for your invitation

3) Thanks for inviting me to your party.

3. ( 1 )What’s the date today? 意为“ 今天是几月几号?” It’s + 月 + 日。( 2 ) What day is it today? 意为“ 今天是星期几?”It’s + 星期几。—What’s the date? —It’s September 10th.

—What day is it today? —It’s Wednesday.

4. have a lesson(class) 上课

have an English lesson

5. prepare v. 准备 n. preparation

prepare sth. “ 准备某物” ,所准备的东西就是后面的宾语。

prepare for sth. “ 为…… 做准备” ,指为后面的宾语做准备

prepare to do sth. “ 准备做某事”

6. bring...to…“ 带来” 把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方

take…to …“ 带去” 把某物从说话的地方带到别处去。

(两者方向相反)

Bring your homework here, and take the book away.

把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走。

7. without (介词)没有反义词:with“ 具有”

We can’t live without water.

Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.

8. so that + 从句:以便于;目的是

I study hard so that I can get good grades.

9. surprise n. 惊奇

surprised adj. 感到惊奇的(指人)

surprising adj. 令人惊奇的(指物)

be surprised at sth.“ 惊奇于某事”

to one’s surprise “ 令某人惊奇的是”

① I’m surprised at the surprising news. 我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊。

② To my surprise, he left without leaving a word. 令我惊奇的是,他一声不响地离开了。

10. look forward to ( 介词 )+ 名 / 代 /V-ing

I look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答复。

I look forward to seeing you again.

11. hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信。

I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got a letter from my friend yesterday.

12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式

Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.

13. how to do that. “ 该怎么做” ,疑问词 +to do sth 常用来做宾语

I don’t know how to make a banana milk shake.

I don’t know what to do.

14. at the end of “ 在… 末尾”

Now, it is at the end of 2014.

反义短语:at the beginning of “ 在… 开始”

15. be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“ 很高兴 / 难过做某事

I am glad to see you.

16. reply to sb./sth.“ 回复…”

Reply in writing to the invitation “ 以写信形式回复这份邀请函”

【重点语法】

一 . 表示邀请的句型

1. Can/Could you…(come to my party)?

2. Would you like to..( Would you like to my party)?

接受:Sure/Yes/Of course, I’d love/like to.

拒绝 : :① I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must+V 原 ( 陈述理由 )

② I’d love/like to, but I … ( 理由 )

3.I’m afraid not. I…( 理由 )

二 . must 与 have to

1. must 表示主观“ 必须” ; must 表示“ 主观上的要求” ,无人称和时态的变化,否定回答 : needn’t 或 don't have to ( 不必 ) 。mustn’t 表示“ 禁止”.

2. have to 表客观需要,有人称和时态变化,否: don’t / doesn’t / didn’t have to ( 没必要 ) —Must I be home before eight o’clock? 8 点之前我必须回家吗?

—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to.

Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!

【重点词语 / 短语用法解析】

1. have a great time 意为“ 玩得愉快” , =enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good / wonderful / nice time

have a great / good time in (doing) sth. 做某事很开心

2. ask sb. ( not ) to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事

The teachers ask us to do (do) lots of homework.

3. order sth. from + 地点“ 从某地订购食物”

I want to order some books from the book store.

4. keep…to oneself 保守秘密

5. unless conj. 除非;如果不

unless 引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事。 =if...not

The concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule if there is not a typhoon.

6. be afraid to do sth. 害怕干某事

I’m afraid to speak in front of other people.

be afraid of sth. 害怕某事

He told me not to be afraid of difficulties.

be afraid +that 从句

I’m afraid that I can’t finish on time

7. be angry with sb.

We were angry with him for keeping us waiting.

be angry at/about sth.

He is angry at/about your answer.

I was very angry at what he said.

8. in the end 最后;终于 = at last/ finally

at the end of 在 ... 末端;到 ... 尽头

He married the nice girl in the end/at last/finally.

The school is at the end of the street.

9. careless adj. 粗心的;反义词: careful ,意为“ 小心的” 。

The boy is very careless. 这个男孩很粗心。

He is more careful than me. 他比我认真。

10. advise v.“ 劝告;建议”n. advice, 是不可数名词 .

湘教版-英语-七上-Topic1 (知识点)

仁爱英语七年级Topic 1 What can I do for you? 语言点 一、词汇: 1. 数词:21-101 注意:A. forty; eighty; B. 读音:~teen 与~ty 2. 名词:可数名词与不可数名词的划分 3. 词形变换: also (同义词)—— too each (同义词)——every kilo (复数)—— kilos watch (复数)—— watches mouse (复数)—— mice expensive (同义词)—— dear waiter (对应词)—— waitress try (第三人称单数)—— tries sell (反义词)—— buy 二、词语与短语: 1.try on 试穿 2.look nice 看起来很漂亮 3.buy sth. for sb.= buy sb. sth.给某人买…… 4. sell / buy… for…以…价出售/ 购买 5.too long太长too heavy太重 6.running shoes跑鞋 7.make a shopping list 列购物清单 8.run over to…跑到… 9.two bags of salt 两包盐 two kilos of eggs 两公斤鸡蛋 six bottles of milk 六瓶牛奶 a bag of rice 一袋米 10.pick up购买 11.How many+可数复数名词;How much+不可数名词“多少” on the fourth floor 在第四层楼 12.Thanks anyway = Thanks all the same. 仍然感谢。 13.Don't worry. 别担心。 三、功能话题 1.购物用语: 服务员或营业员: What can I do for you? Can / May / Could I help you? 回答:Yes, please. I'd like (to buy ) … I want ( to b uy ) … I'm looking for…Do you have…? 2.谈论事物:How do you like…? = What do you think of…? How do you look in this dress? Not bad. How do the pants fit? They're too long. 询问价格: How much is +主语(单数或不可数)? How much are +主语(复数)?How much do you want for something? 3.讨论价格: How / What about thirty yuan? That's too expensive. It's a good price. The price is good. 4.表示感谢: Thanks a lot. Thanks very much. Thanks anyway. 回答: Not at all. That's all right. You're welcome.

初二英语上册知识点总结

1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如: Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京? 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如: How should I know? 我怎么知道? Why should you be so late today?你今天为什么来得这么晚? should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点: 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2.用于提出意见劝导别人。例如: You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如: ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2.What...? 是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而Which...? 是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如: What color do you like best?(所有颜色)你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? 你最喜爱哪一种颜色?(有特定的范围) 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如: Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置

湘教版仁爱版初中英语八年级下册精品教案设计U7T2(p1)

Unit 7 Food Festival Topic 2 I’m not sure whether I can cook it well. 教学内容分析及课时分配建议: 本单元第二个话题在复习上个话题的基础上,引入新的内容包括步骤的表达,描述方式的副词,食材,厨具和餐具等词汇。主要句型有提供帮助Would you like me to help you?赞美和鼓励Well done!请求得到允许Would you mind if I…?就餐用语help yourself to some…以及提醒和警告remember (not) to …语法包括whether/if引导的宾语从句;副词的比较级和最高级。本话题语音部分的内容包括/t∫/和/d?/的区分以及升降调的区分。此外,本话题贴近学生生活实际,从教学生做各种食物到不同国家的餐桌礼仪和饮食文化,学生不仅可以学到语言知识还可以培养生活技能,拓展文化意识。 本话题建议用5课时完成。 第一课时:Section A- 1a, 1b, 1c , 2a, 2b 第二课时:Section B-1a,1b,1c,2 Section A-3a, 3b 第三课时:Section C-1a,1b,1c ,4 第四课时:Section C-2,3 Section B-3,4a, 4b 第五课时:Section D-Grammar and Functions, 1, 2, 3, Project 第一课时(Section A- 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b) 教学设计思路: 本节课主要活动为Section A-1a。 利用美食节的海报复习食物名称,导入本课话题。本课新词汇大多是炊具和食品名词,所以在Pre-listening环节里利用图片学习本课词汇。1b的听力任务较难,所以在Pre-listening环节里让学生两人一组讨论怎样做炒米饭,为的是降低听力的难度。同时在While-listening环节中将1b的听力任务分解为两个由易到难的学生可以完成的听力任务。并在学生完成听力任务的同时,学习步骤副词的用法。在Post-listening环节里,引导学生发现和总结语法规律,掌握whether引导的宾语从句的特点和副词修饰动词的用法,同时让学生了解形容词变副词的构词法方面的规律。最后通过2a和2b的练习将所学知识加以巩固。家庭作业要求学生为父母制作炒米饭或面条,将课本所学知识运用的实际生活中。 Ⅰ. Teaching aims 1.Knowledge aims:

人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结

英语知识点 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take one’ s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way ? 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without th inking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的28. thanks to 多亏了;由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻;马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从……出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so. . . that 如此……以至于…48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a d iffic u lt situation 在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃 二、重点句型 1. What’ s the matter? What’ s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了 2. W hat should she do?她该怎么办呢? Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗?主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。② You shouldn’ t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。 3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or abook? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢? 4. I think I sat in the same way for too long withoutmoving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。 5. She said that the man had a heart problem andshould go to the hospital Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks. 一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院 3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经……;过去_ 5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情 7. at the age of 在......岁时8clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀10. give out 分发;散发11. come up w ith 想出;提出12. make a plan 制订计

湘教版七年级上英语复习知识点归纳

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