雅思基础班写作基础一

本课要点：

1.雅思作文考题A/G类

2.雅思作文评分四大类和标准

3. 连词分析: 六大类（举例/引用，递进，类比，对比转折，原因结果目的，总结）

一、雅思作文考题A/G类：

academic for education and general training for immigration；题型区别（GRAPH VS. LETTER）

写作TASK 1 (20min, 150 words): graph(bar, pie, line), table, and diagram 和TASK

2 (40 min, 250 words): essay on contemporary issue (四类：agree or disagree,

advantage or disadvantage, opinion, discuss and give opinion).

二、评分标准：

1) Task achievement:辨别、说明、报道问题中的关键信息

注意：文章结构的完整性：头，BODY，尾；每段有点出TOPIC SENTENCE.

2）Coherence and cohesion: 观点组织连贯性，信息衔接性

注意：组织文章紧凑，无跳跃感，有逻辑性，流畅自然。

3）Lexical Resource: 词汇多样性，准确、恰当, FORMAL

注意：整篇文章不能重复地用同一个词。否则，（单调，空洞，无内涵）。比如国外文

科大学生写论文，是怎么写的--找同义词或相同意思的短语或语句来替换，尽量

不重复用同一个词。

举例（垃圾，原因，重要的，解决，培养，认为，优势，导致，总结，而且等多样化表达）

4）Grammatical Range and Accuracy:语法结构多样、准确、恰当。NO RUN- ON SENTENCE! NO FRAGMENTS!

注意：总体上讲，句子干练，变化要多，不重复使用同样的句型（比如用些被动语态，

用多种从句，和现在分词/介词引导的分句等。

举例：她在大学学习环境工程学。她想要去科学院工作。她期望今后能在污染控制上取得成就。

EX1. With her majoring/specializing in…, she wants to work for … , hoping … in future.

EX2. Studying …., she wants to …., in order to ….

学生自我介绍：

三、作文评分5-6

●5分标准：

1）基本或部分回应题目要求，有主要观点/立场但发展不清晰，论证不够，缺少结

论。

2）信息有组织，但缺少总体连续性

3）词汇有限，只是在最低层面上满足题目

4）拼写和语法有明显错误，导致某些阅读困难

●6分标准：

1）回应题目要求，能说明核心信息，但细节不够相关或不适合。

2）信息组织连贯，有连续性，指代可能不太清晰。

3）词汇使用范围恰当，拼写和构词有错，但不影响交流。

4）句型能混搭，语法有些错误，但不影响交流。

●健康类范文举例(6分)：

●

●IELTS Agree or Disagree Essays

●“Prevention is better than cure” Out of a country’s health budget, a large

proportion should be diverted from treatment to spending on health education and preventative measures. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

●评语：

●+TASK ACHIEVEMENT

not fully able to achieve the task，没有明确AGREE OR NOT

+LEXICAL RESOURCE

Vocabulary is average. 语法和构句出现多次明显错误

+COHERENCE AND COHESION（unity）

quite organized，even though some irrelevant examples in the 3rd paragraph were used.

●+GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY

PERSONAL ADVICE:

+ "healthy experts" and "health experts" are completely different.

> "healthy experts" refers to professionals in any occupation who are physically healthy.

+ "It is reported that ... wrote ... that" > it sounds very redundant.

> Next, your introduction is quite vague since it doesn't clearly show your stance whether you agree or disagree with the topic. You only showed you agreed with the health experts.

+ Plural: "handle public health problem" -> "handle public health problems"

+ Incomplete "the more money been put in" (where is the verb? which tense is it?) + Incomplete sentence "Take smoking controlling in China for example"

> Right: Let's take smoking control programs in China as an example (not for example)

+ "According to the report, there are about 1.2 million of people died of lung cancer ..."

> "the report"??? which report?

+ Propaganda is used for political issues.

+ You could lose marks for this: "It isn’t unusual" -> "It is not unusual"

+ "the packing of cigarette" is wrong. Examples of correct usage include: > "the packaging of cigarette" ，> "Cigarette pack"

+ "treatment" is countable -> "treatments"

+ "the bad situation happens": which situation? did you mention it earlier in the essay? why are you using "the" there?

+ You definitely have to provide a conclusion for your essay which sums up everything you said above and re-instate your opinion.

阅读后思考：

1.TA: ？

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b615049965.html,: 连接词后面讲（意义恰当，使用正确，没有跳跃思维）

3.LR: 重复使用MONEY

4.GRA: 2句语法严重错误

五、连词分析(六大类)：使文章更流畅和符合逻辑，阅读更容易。使用注意：准确、正确、严紧

(a）表示递进的过渡词：also，and （then），in addition （to），furthermore，moreover，what's more, more importantly, the most important, besides, on top of that，apart from, another，first，second，third等。

(b) 表示类比的过渡词：in the same way，just like，just as, similarly, be similar to等。（c）表示转折的过渡词：but，still，yet，However，Although / even though，Despite / despite the fact that，In spite of / in spite of the fact that，Nevertheless，

Nonetheless，While，Whereas，Unlike，on the contrary，on the one hand 等（d）表示结果原因目的的过渡词：

原因: because，since，for, as, because of, owing to, thanks to, due to;

结果: hence, so (that)，as a result，therefore，thus, consequently, as a

consequence等。

目的: in order to, for this reason，for this purpose，so that等。

（e）表示举例，引用的过渡词：for example，in this case，for instance, according to 等。

（f）表示总结的过渡词：overall, to sum up, to conclude, to summarize, in a word，above all,，all in all，finally，at last，in conclusion，as I have shown，in another word，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole，as has been stated，last but not least, needless to say等。

下面介绍常用连词用法

1. 举例引用

2. 递进

例子：科学研究应该由政府还是私人机构开展。---2005.12.10

There are many reasons for entrusting scientific research to government rather than

projects require substantial funding that only national governments can afford.(支持句二）

most private companies are profit-orientated, the findings and conclusions from their research are more likely to be biased and even represent the interests of a small group. 译文：委托政府而不是私人公司开展研究工作的原因很多。

（支持句一）首先，许多大规模和长期的研究项目，需要投入大量资金，只有各国政府所能负担的。

（支持句二）其次，享有国际声誉的一流的科学家，主要集中在政府资助的研究机构。

（支持句三）最后，因为大多数私营公司是以利润为导向，他们的研究结论更有可能偏颇，甚至代表小团体的利益。

3．对比

例句：Wind power is relatively cheap and clean, whereas nuclear power is far more expensive and full of potential hazards, threatening to local people’s lives. 译文：风能相对干净且便宜，而核能更贵且对当地人们的生命富有潜在危险。

4. 转折（让步关系）：

5.因果目的

●阅读方法：要求学生能SKIMMING THE ARTICLE TO FIND CRITICAL IDEAS, AND

SCANNING THE KEY WORDS TO FIND REQUIRED INFORMATION.

●找出并分析FOOD SAFETY 文章的连词作用。看看你能把它们归类吗？

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P i e c h a r t In 1980 Australia used coal as the main electricity source(50 units) and the remainder was produced from natural gas, hydro power(each producing 20 units) and oil，which produced only 10 units. 在1980年，澳大利亚使用煤作为主要的电力来源（50 units），剩下的电力由天然气，氢能（两者各产生20 units）和石油，它仅仅只产生10 units。 By 2000, coal had become the fuel for more than 75% of electricity produced and only hydro continued to be another significant source supplying approximately 20%. 到了2000年，煤已经成为了产生超过75%电力的能源了，同时只有氢能继续成为另一个重要的供应来源，大约是20%。 In contrast, France used coal as a source for only 25 units of electricity in 1980, which was matched by natural gas. 相比之下，法国在1980年用煤供电只有25 units，这和天然气相同。 The remaining 40 units were produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro contributing only 5 units. 剩下的40 units 主要都产生于石油和核能，其中氢能只贡献了5 units。 But by 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all in Australia, had developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 126 units, while coal and oil together produced only 50 units.

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写作基础训练 Ⅰ) 五大句型 根据谓语动词的不同性质，语言学家总结出英语的五大基本句型。无论多么错综复杂的句子，都是在五大句型的基础上扩展而成的。总体上，句子必须包含至少一个主谓结构。有了这种认识，就可以避免写出残缺句。 使用动词时应考虑以下几个方面： ●及物还是不及物？ ●短暂性还是持续性？ ●描述动作还是状态？ ●一次性动作还是习惯性动作？ ●助动词还是习动词。 1.主+谓(+状) SV(A) The sun rises in the east. Everything is going on well. We set off in the early morning. 2.主+系+表SVC He is an expert in computers. They remain silent. Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 3.主+谓+宾SVO I like sports. Mary has finished her work. My father will meet one of my uncles at the airport. 4.主+谓+双宾SV oO Pass me the salt, please. (= pass the salt to me, please.) Would you buy him a gift? (= would you buy a gift for him?) The teacher asked me a question. (= the teacher asked a question of me.) 5.主+谓+宾+宾补SVOC The young couple watched their baby play on the grassland. Carl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. I found it hard to keep up with them. Exercise1. SV A 1.他期盼的那封信最终来了。 2.生活费用上涨了百分之二十。 3.那座寺庙坐落在山顶上。 4.谢谢你，我自己应付得了。 5.作为艺术家，他的成功开始了。 6.时不我待。 7.鸟可以随时飞翔。 8.听了他的话，在场的人都笑了。 9.他们停下来休息， 10.车子突然抛锚了。 Exercise2. SVC 11.天气变得越来越暖和了。 12.他的梦想会成真吗？ 13.船到桥头自然直。 14.这个主意听起来很有道理。 15.做一名知名作家让人感觉不错。 16.我感到有些紧张。 17.女士们希望永葆青春。 18.孩子们很容易地入睡了。 19.腐败的食物对健康不利。 20.你妹妹看上去病了。 Exercise3. SVO 21.你打算到哪儿去度假？ 22.我对这件事全然不知。 23.失败后他从不泄气。 24.你最后一次见到它是什么时候？ 25.你应当为他人树立榜样。 26.晚会上我们玩得很开心。 27.教室需要打扫。 28.结果令我失望。 29.有钱人应帮助穷人。 30.妇女可以把任何事做得与男人一样好。Exercise4. SV oO 31.他送给我一本书作为生日礼物。 32.我可以把我的朋友介绍给你的父母吗？ 33.老师耐心地向我们解释了原因。 34.你给我买了什么东西没有？ 35.她为全家人做一日三餐。 36.小时候爸爸经常给我讲故事。 37.借给我五元钱，好吗？ 38.我侄子每两个月给我写封信 39.经理已经为客人订了房间。 40.我可以请你帮忙吗？ Exercise5. SVOC 41.同学们选他当班长。

雅思基础写作训练方法

雅思基础写作训练方法 雅思基础写作训练方法 大多数中国考生的写作过程不是写作过程，而是翻译过程. Therefore, the ABC approach to improve the writing ability for IELTS candidates would be the application of the KISSable principle. Keep It Short and Simple. Please remember, in any language available now, there are basically two types of information involved in the communication process. Namely: Action State Action is actualised by verbs, while State is shown by nouns, adjs or prepositional phrases. It is strongly recommended that beginners of English writing start their practice by using this KISSable approach. Please heed the following examples: 科技改变了人们的日常生活。 食品安全问题始终是一个负责任的政府应该时刻关心

的问题。 由于大多数雅思考生的汉语思维和汉语的`语言能力已经达到了成人的水平，在翻译写作过程中出现了现有的英文水平对付不了比较复杂的汉语思维所产生的中文信息，从而导致有想法没办法，有思路没门路的尴尬情况。所以刚刚开始练习的考生可以把自己想法中的主要信息挑出来，分成是动作还是状态两种类型，使用简单的主+谓+结构;或者主+系动词+表语的模式来练习写作。比如上文所提的例子：Science and technology have altered our daily life. 【雅思基础写作训练方法】 1.雅思写作基础 2.雅思基础写作题12则 3.提升雅思写作速度的训练方法分享 4.写作系列训练方法 5.热爱写作的训练方法 6.G类雅思书信写作的常用基础词汇及句型 7.2016年雅思考试写作基础 8.不可不知的雅思写作基础知识

雅思写作话题词汇(全).

雅思写作话题分类词汇 教育与学业 考试频率：★★★★★ Education and study 教育与学业 1、Teaching methods 教学方法 7、Generation gap 代沟 2、Educational facilities 教育设施8、Adolescents’/Teenagers’problems 青少年问题 3、Academic subjects 学校科目9、Studying abroad 留学话题 4、Computer and learning(teaching) 电脑与学习（教学）10、Taking a part-time job 兼职工作 5、Personal development 个人发展11、Parents’/Teachers’responsibilities 父母/教师责任 6、Physical and mental growth 身心成长12、Functions/tuition of university 大学功能/学费 真题重现 In schools and universities, some girls tend to choose arts subjects, while boys choose to study science subjects. What are the reasons? Do you think this trend should be changed? Some people think that the main purpose of school is to turn children as a good citizens and workers, rather to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 分类词汇加油站 1. scope of knowledge 知识面 2.lighten the burden of 减轻了…的负担 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b615049965.html,prehensive knowledge 广博的知识 4.long-distance education 远程教育 5.enrich the teaching method 丰富教育手段 6.teaching\pedagogical methodology 教学方法 7.schooling 学校教育parenting、upbringing 家庭教育8.impart\inculcate knowledge 传授知识 9.multi-media teaching 多媒体教学10.vocational education 职业教育11.down-to-earth, practical 切合实际的12.enlightening 予以人启迪的13.perplexing 令人困惑的 14.the cultural diversity 文化的多元性15.insightful 富有洞察力的,有深刻见解的16.undertake the due obligations 承担责任17.exam-oriented education 应试教育 18.develop our creative mind 培养我们创造性思维19.widen one’s knowledge 拓展知识面20.realize the value of life 实现生命价值

英语基本句型写作练习(附答案)

英语基本句型写作练习一 分析下列句子成分并写出句型。 1. You should study hard. 2. She went home very late yesterday evening. 3. That morning we talked a great deal. 4. I wrote a letter last night. 5. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 6. He has read this book many times. 7. My brothers are all college students. 8. Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 9. Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 10. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 11. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 12. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster. 13. Would you please pass me the dictionary? 14. We call her Alice. 15. His parents named him John. 16. All of us considered him honest. 17．They pushed the door open.

18. There isn’t going to be a meeting tonight. 19. There was only a well in the village. 20. There is (are) a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school.指出下列句子加粗部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist. 11. The meeting will last two hours. 12. They have carried out the plan successfully. 13. At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist. 14. He showed the ticket to the conductor. 15．They have set the thief free.

雅思写作基础学习知识课补充讲义

雅思写作基础段课程 补充讲义资料 赵光伟

雅思写作审题词汇：名词性词汇

雅思写作基础词汇翻译练习(有提示版) 001. 现在，越来越多的孩子都是从小学开始学习外语，而不是中学。 002. 在许多国家，青年人通常要用四年时间完成本科学习，两年以上时间完成研究生学习。

004. 大学的课程总体是由必修课和选修课组成的。 005. 诸如经济学(economics)之类的科目是大学商科类(business)课程的重要组成部分。 006. 大学应当为学生同时提供理论性知识和实践性知识。 007.在大学的第一年学习中，学生主要获取公共基础知识，而不是专业知识。 008. 有优秀(excellent)学习成绩的学生通常都对基础的理论和原理有比较好的掌握。 009. 以学生为中心的教学方法很关注学生的实际需求(real needs)。 010. 教师应当鼓励学生积极地(actively)参与到课堂活动中来。 011.网络资源(online resources)可以有效(effectively)激励学生对学习外语的兴趣。 012. 各个学校应当尽最大努力(make every effort to)培养孩子们的全面发展。 013. 孩子们的身心健康和他们的学习成绩是同等重要的(of equal importance)。(倒装结构) 014. 鼓励独立思考(independent thinking)能帮助培养孩子们的创造力和解决问题的能力。 015. 道德教育能帮助孩子们形成(shape)积极的(positive)性格特征。 016. 雄心，热情和坚持是我们事业成功的三个重要因素(important factors to)。 017. 对于应当培养(foster)孩子们的合作意识(a sense of )还是竞争意识一直存在争论(there exists a debate)。018. 家长和学校应当一齐努力(make a concerted effort to)教育孩子们分辨是非。 019. 被家长溺爱的孩子会在长大后缺乏(without)对他人的尊重。 020. 家长也应该为孩子设立适当的行为准则，以防止(prevent)行为问题(behavioral problems)的发生。 021．老师应当多关注(pay more attention to)一下那些缺乏自律性的学生。 022．糟糕的家庭教育会导致孩子产生各种行为问题(behavioral problems)。 023．家长应当给予孩子更多情感的关怀与支持，而不是以物质的方式(in material ways)满足(meet)他们的需要。024．学校有责任(have a responsibility for)教育(educate)学生成为良好的社会成员。 025．大学的基本功能(basic function)之一是教授与工作相关的知识和技能。

雅思写作基础训练之时态与语态

雅思写作时态与语态五种时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时 一、一般现在时用法 系动词的一般现在时形式：am(当主语是I时)，is(当主语是第三人称单数时)，are(当主语是you或是复数概念时)，动词have的一般现在时形式有has(当主语是第三人称单数时)和have(当主语是I，you或复数概念时)，其他动词一般显示的第三人称单数形式：在此为加-s或-es，复数形式使用动词原形。 一般现在时用法一：表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作： Tom wears a belt round his waist. 汤姆腰里围了一根皮带。 The train goes backwards and forwards between the two towns. 这列火车在两座城市间来回开。 【注】询问某人的习惯时，有时还可用ever： “Do you ever eat meat?” “No, I never eat meat.”“你吃肉吗?”“从不吃肉。” 一般现在时用法二：表示现在的能力、特征、职业等： He sings well. 他唱歌唱得好。 Mr. Smith teaches French. 史密斯先生教法语。 一般现在时用法三：表示现在(或经常性)的情况或状态： The sick child is better today. 生病的孩子今天身体好点了。 I enjoy songs such as this one. 我欣赏这样的歌曲。 I like all musical instruments except the violin. 除了提琴我什么乐器都喜欢。 一般现在时用法四：表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在： Summer follows spring. 春去夏来。 Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。 The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 [扩展]在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来时 If we think of a lecture we listened to with great concentration, we will recall the lecturer’s appearance and mannerisms, our place in the auditorium, the failure of the air-conditioning, much more easily than the ideas we went to learn. 还有讲座，我们但是曾多么全神贯注的聆听，但现在可以轻松记起教授的外贸和招牌动作，礼堂中自己当时的位子，连空调的毛病也还记得，却很难回忆出当时讲座的主题。 在see(to it)，take care在宾语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来时 Please see that all the windows are fastened properly. 请确保把所有的窗户都关好。 Would you see to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim? 请务必让孩子们在游泳后吃顿热饭好吗? 二、一般现在时的例句 1、表示经常发生的动作或反复出现的情况 The riots and fighting often occur at the World Cup and other football competitions. 在世界杯和其他足球比赛中，经常发生骚乱和斗殴。 People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten.