浅谈六级作文评分标准

四、六级作文评分标准

四六级考试作文部分占15分，四级要求写一篇120字的文章，六级为150字，两者难度相差并不大。纵观历次四、六级考试作文阅卷的情况，普遍存在着以下几方面的问题，而这些问题正是考生作文拿不到高分的关键所在。

1、平常缺乏训练、没有掌握写作能力。许多考生的写作仍停留在句子水平上，还没有上升到语篇水平上，因此写出的文章不流畅专门生硬。还有一些学生的语言基础薄弱，中学所学的语言基础知识在大学里没能够得到巩固。

2、对四六级作文的答题方法缺乏了解。四六级考试的题型以写Argument类型的文章为主，间或也会出现图表作文、信或描述性、讲明性的题目。

3、母语干扰的痕迹特不明显。例如，在1998年1月的作文题目为“Harmfulness of Fake Commodities”。有一位考生要表达“不人赚钞票有人眼红”如此的意思，他可不能使用“envy”或“envious”等词语，而是直接把眼红翻成了“red eyes”，使人感到费解。另一位考生想要讲述自己买了一双假冒

皮鞋，不久鞋上开了一个洞如此的意思，就写出了“There was a cave in the shoe”如此的句子。这些尽管差不多上极端的例子，但也反映了母语干扰的一个方面。

4、对待作文考试的态度不够认真，存有碰运气的侥幸心理。一些考生认为作文的好坏没有客观的标准，分数的高低取决于评阅人一时的好恶。这是对作文批阅的误解。这种心理反映在卷面上确实是敷衍了事，不加思索，一挥而就。许多考生拿到作文题目以后没有认真审题、构思，而是提笔就写。在写作过程中也没有斟词酌句，严密地组织句子。在阅卷过程中发觉许多考生字迹潦草，卷面凌乱，大小写、标点符号等都被一概忽略了。

写作步骤和技巧

1写好提纲式作文的关键是认真审题和分析所给的提纲，认清题目和提纲之间的关系，然后确定文章的主题、内容以及文体。

2每一个提纲能够作为文章的一个段落层次，段落的展开围绕提纲的中心和内容，不能偏离，也不能任意增减。

3提纲只是对文章的提示和概括，不是主题句。这需要依照提

纲的性质，写出完整的、体现提纲主旨的句子，使之成为主题句。然后围绕主题句进行扩展。

4收集材料支持主题句。材料能够是事实、例证、亲身经历、名人名言、谚语警句等。应当注意的是，所选材料要与文章的主题相符，即要“扣题”。同时要具有典型性，能充分讲明问题。在有多个例证的段落中，还要注意各个例证之间的连贯性。

四、六级考评卷者的建议

写作是一项主观性测试，这也确实是讲，它是由阅卷老师而不是由机器来判分的，因此大伙儿在写作的时候一定要铭记写作要有写作对象。四级的写作对象确实是阅卷老师。作文共分为14、11、8、5、2等五个档次，但每个阅卷老师最为敏感的却是12、9、6这三个分数。假如一个考生通篇没有句子结构和用词的错误，也没有什么出彩的地点，就应该判为及格分9分。假如出现较多严峻的语言错误，就要看这些错误从总体上讲是不是无法忍受的，也确实是到底要判为6分依旧5分。假如通篇没有错误，又出现了数处闪光点，就能够考虑打到12分。

文章要获得高分，就必须得到阅卷老师的认可。要得到阅卷老师的认可，就必须兼顾内容和语言两个方面。首先来看语言方面。由于考生数量大，老师的阅卷的速度会专门快，因此阅卷时老师对语言关注的程度会较高，因此大伙儿一定要尽量减少文中的语言错误，特不是遣词造句中的严峻错误。

另外，在内容方面，首先确实是审题的问题。大伙儿只要扣紧题目来写，就可不能出现大的问题。抓住题目的精髓是最理想的，然而假如没有理解题目的核心，就按照确定下来的主题依照提纲来写也未必失分。比如2002年12月28日的试题It Pays to Be Honest，有的考生就理解错误了，没有理解那个地点pay确实是worth the efforts的意思。万一出现如此的情况，就只能在老实的主题下，直接扣准中文的提纲来写。尽管完全跑题的现象特不之少，然而漏点的情况却专门多，那个地点讲的点确实是提纲中的两点或三点内容。比如2000年1月的试题How I Finance My College Education，有一些考生在谈了诸多途径之后，并没有讲适合自己的方法。其次，有些考生画蛇添足，加上了与主题没有多大联系甚至毫不相干的内容，结果适得其反。我们应注意审题既包括看英文的题目，还包括看中文提纲(有时还有图画和

表格等)。在学习写作模板的时候，我们应注意相同的题目依照提纲的不同，在写作的时候就有差不。例如提问类模板通常是写对立的两方观点，而后我同意某个观点，或者综合两方观点，象2000年6月试题Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary除了写自己的看法外，还包括打算，这确实是专门专门的，写作时一定不要遗漏。再如方法类的模板在写解决方法的同时，有的包含产生这种现象的缘故，有的则包括该现象所造成的严峻后果。1993年6月的四级题目My Favourite Programme和1994年6月的四级题目My Ideal Job均属于缘故类文章，然而后者还要写出我自己将如何做。所有这些都讲明我们即使碰到自己写过的题目，也要依照提纲的不同要求作出调整。

在写作文章时，自己到底是同意第一种依旧第二种观点是不太重要的，到底用什么方法来解决问题也没有“标准”答案，只要言之有理、自圆其讲即可。假如既不同意第一种观点，也不同意第二种观点，而是站在更高的角度把两方面结合起来，是一种相当不容易的写法。但写好了后专门容易得到高分。

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