管理学第9版 练习题 英文版 附答案 1
Chapter 1 Introduction to Management and Organizations
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
A MANAGER’S DILEMMA
1.Today’s managers are just as likely to be women as they are men.
2.Management affects employee morale but not a company’s financial performance.
WHO ARE MANAGERS?
3.In order to be considered a manager, an individual must coordinate the work of others.
4.Supervisors and foremen may both be considered first-line managers.
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?
5.Effectiveness refers to the relationship between inputs and outputs.
6.Effectiveness is concerned with the means of getting things done, while efficiency is concerned with
the attainment of organizational goals.
7. A goal of efficiency is to minimize resource costs.
8.Efficiency is often referred to as “doing things right.”
9.Managers who are effective at meeting organizational goals always act efficiently.
WHAT DO MANAGERS DO?
10.The four contemporary functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
11.Determining who reports to whom is part of the controlling function of management.
12.Directing and motivating are part of the controlling function of management.
13.Fayol’s management functions are basically equivalent to Mintzberg’s management roles.
14.The roles of figurehead, leader, and liaison are all interpersonal roles.
15.Disturbance handler is one of Mintzberg’s interpersonal roles.
16.Mintzberg’s informational management role involves receiving, collecting, and disseminating
information.
17.Mintzberg’s resource allocation role is similar to Fayol’s planning function because it involves the
coordination of employee’s activities.
18.Resource allocation and disturbance handling are both considered decisional roles.
19.A finance manager who reads the Wall Street Journal on a regular basis would be performing the
figurehead role.
20.Katz found that managers needed three essential skills: technical, human, and informational.
21.Technical skills become less important as a manager moves into higher levels of management.
22.Conceptual skills become less important as a manager moves into top management.
23.Interpersonal skills involve a manager’s ability to think about abstract situations.
24.Coaching and budgeting are skills closely related to the management function of leading.
25.Budgeting is a skill that is related to both planning and controlling.
26.In today’s world, organizational managers at all levels and in all areas need to encourage their
employees to be on the look-out for new ideas and new approaches.
27.Only first-line managers and employees need to be concerned with being customer-responsive.
28.Innovation is only important in high-tech firms.
WHAT IS AN ORGANIZATION?
29.A distinct purpose is important in defining an organization.
30.A nontaxable organization, such as the United Way, cannot be considered an organization. MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
For each of the following choose the answer that most completely answers the question.
A MANAGER’S DILEMMA
31.Which of the following statements regarding managers in today’s world is accurate?
a.Their age range is limited to between 30 and 65.
b.They are found only in large corporations.
c.They can be found exclusively in for-profit organizations.
d.The single most important variable in employee productivity and loyalty is the quality of the
relationship between employees and their direct supervisors.
32.According to data collected by Catalyst, a nonprofit research group, _________ percent of corporate
officers in Fortune 500 companies are women.
a.55.3
b.15.7
c.39.7
d.21.9
WHO ARE MANAGERS?
33.Someone who works with and through other people by coordinating their work activities in order to
accomplish organizational goals is ___________.
a.an assembly line worker
b. a laborer
c. a manager
d. a salesperson
34.In the past, nonmanagerial employees were viewed as employees who ___________.
a.reported to top executives
b.reported to middle managers
c.supervised others
d.had no others reporting to them
35.Which of the following types of managers is responsible for making organization-wide decisions and
establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization?
a.first-line managers
b.top managers
c.production managers
d.research managers
36.All levels of management between the supervisory level and the top level of the organization are
termed _____________.
a.middle managers
b.first-line managers
c.supervisors
d.foremen
37.Which of the following levels of management is associated with positions such as executive vice
president, chief operating officer, chief executive officer, and chairman of the board?
a.team leaders
b.middle managers
c.first-line managers
d.top managers
38.Agency head or plant manager is most likely associated with which of the following?
a.team leaders
b.middle managers
c.first-line managers
d.top managers
39.The lowest level of management is ______________.
a. a nonmanagerial employee
b. a department of research manager
c. a vice president
d. a first-line manager
40.Supervisor is another name for which of the following?
a.team leader
b.middle manager
c.first-line manager
d.top manager
41.Managers with titles such as regional manager, project leader, or plant manager are
_______________.
a.first-line managers
b.top managers
c.production managers
d.middle managers
42.Which of the following best reflects the management structure of a traditional organization?
a.pyramid
b.circle
c.hub with spokes
d.infinite line
43.Division manager is associated with which of the following levels of management?
a.team leaders
b.middle managers
c.first-line managers
d.top managers
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?
44._____________ is the process of getting activities completed efficiently and effectively with and
through other people.
a.Leading
b.Management
c.Supervision
d.Controlling
45.The distinction between a managerial position and a nonmanagerial position is _______________.
a.planning the work of others
b.coordinating the work of others
c.controlling the work of others
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing the work of others
46.Which of the following is an example of an efficient manufacturing technique?
a.cutting inventory levels
b.increasing the amount of time to manufacture products
c.increasing product reject rates
d.decreasing product output
47.Wasting resources is considered to be an example of managerial _____________.
a.efficiency
b.effectiveness
c.inefficiency
d.ineffectiveness
48.An automobile manufacturer that increased the total number of cars produced at the same cost, but
with many defects, would be _____________.
a.efficient and effective
b.increasing efficiency
c.increasing effectiveness
d.concerned with inputs
49.Effectiveness is synonymous with _____________.
a.cost minimization
b.resource control
c.goal attainment
d.efficiency
50.Efficiency refers to _____________.
a.the relationship between inputs and outputs
b.the additive relationship between costs and benefits
c.the exponential nature of costs and outputs
d.increasing outputs regardless of cost
51.In successful organizations, ______________.
a.low efficiency and high effectiveness go hand in hand
b.high efficiency and low effectiveness go hand in hand
c.high efficiency and high effectiveness go hand in hand
d.high efficiency and high equity go hand in hand
52.Whereas _____________ is concerned with the means of getting things done, _____________ is
concerned with the ends, or attainment of organizational goals.
a.effectiveness; efficiency
b.efficiency; effectiveness
c.effectiveness; goal attainment
d.goal attainment; efficiency
WHAT DO MANAGERS DO?
MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
53.How many management functions were originally proposed in the early part of the twentieth century?
a.three
b.four
c.five
d.nine
54._____________ was a French industrialist who first identified the basic management functions.
a.Weber
b.Taylor
c.Herzberg
d.Fayol
55.Today, the basic management functions are considered to be ______________.
a.planning, coordinating, staffing, and directing
b.planning, organizing, leading, and directing
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,manding, organizing, leading, and staffing
d.planning, organizing, leading, and controlling
56.Which of the following management functions from the mid-1950s is no longer included in the basic
functions of management?
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,manding
b.staffing
c.leading
d.controlling
57.Writing an organizational strategic plan is an example of the ______________ management function.
a.leading
b.coordinating
c.planning
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing includes _____________.
a.defining organizational goals
b.hiring organizational members
c.motivating organizational members
d.determining who does what tasks
59.A manager resolving conflict among organizational members is performing what function?
a.controlling
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,manding
c.directing
d.leading
60.The process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting is called _____________.
a.controlling
b.coordinating
c.leading
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
MANAGEMENT ROLES
61.__________ developed a categorization scheme for defining what managers do, consisting of 10
different but highly interrelated roles.
a.Henri Fayol
b.Henry Ford
c.Henry Mintzberg
d.Henry Morris
62.According to Mintzberg’s management roles, the _____________ roles are those that involve people
and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,rmational
b.interpersonal
c.technical
d.decisional
63.The roles of disseminator, figurehead, negotiator, liaison, and spokesperson are more important at
the __________ levels of the organization.
a.lower
b.middle
c.higher
d.supervisory
64.Which of the following is not an example of a decisional role according to Mintzberg?
a.spokesperson
b.entrepreneur
c.disturbance handler
d.resource allocator
65.A human resource manager attending a local Society for Human Resource Management meeting
would be functioning in which role?
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,rmational
b.leader
c.liaison
d.disseminator
66.A finance manager who reads the Wall Street Journal on a regular basis would be performing which
role?
a.figurehead
b.monitor
c.disseminator
d.interpersonal
67.The _____________ role is more important for lower-level managers than it is for either middle- or
top-level managers.
a.leader
b.entrepreneur
c.spokesperson
d.disseminator
68.The emphasis that managers give to various roles seems to be based on their _____________.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizational level
b.tenure with the organization
c.experience in their field
d.personality
69.Which of the following is not an example of an interpersonal role according to Mintzberg?
a.figurehead
b.leader
c.liaison
d.spokesperson
70.According to Mintzberg’s management roles, the ______________ roles involve receiving,
collecting, and disseminating information.
a.interpersonal
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,rmational
c.technical
d.decisional
71.All of the following are examples of informational roles according to Mintzberg except
____________.
a.liaison
b.monitor
c.disseminator
d.spokesperson
72.Which of the following is not an example of a decisional role according to Mintzberg?
a.spokesperson
b.entrepreneur
c.disturbance handler
d.resource allocator
73.All of the following are managerial roles that are more important at the higher levels of the
organization except ________________.
a.leader
b.disseminator
c.figurehead
d.negotiator
74.Which of the fol lowing represents the most useful way of describing the manager’s job?
a.roles
b.functions
c.skills
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizational level
75.Many of Mintzberg’s roles align with the basic functions of management. For example, the
_____________ role is a part of planning.
a.figurehead
b.leader
c.liaison
d.resource allocation
76.All three of Mintzberg’s interpersonal roles are part of the _____________ function.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
b.planning
c.leading
d.controlling
MANAGEMENT SKILLS
77.Which of the following identified the three essential managerial skills?
a.Katz
b.Lewisberg
c.Raines
d.Chambers
78.The three essential managerial skills include _____________.
a.technical, human, and empirical
b.human, empirical, and conceptual
c.technical, interpersonal, and controlling
d.technical, human, and conceptual
79.Understanding building codes would be considered a _____________ skill for a building contractor.
a.human
b.technical
c.conceptual
d.empirical
80.Which of the following is true concerning technical and managerial skills?
a.Human skills and technical skills remain equally important as managers move to higher levels.
b.Technical-skill needs remain necessary and human skills decrease as managers move to higher
levels.
c.Human skills remain necessary and technical-skill needs decrease as managers move to higher
levels.
d.Both human-skill and technical-skill needs decrease as managers move to higher levels.
81.Managers with good __________ are able to get the best out of their people.
a.human skills
b.conceptual skills
c.technical skills
d.visual skills
82.Technical skills include _______________.
a.leadership and efficiency in a certain specialized field
b.knowledge of and proficiency in a certain specialized field
c.familiarity with and interest in a general field of endeavor
d.skill and interest in a general field of endeavor
83.The ability to work well with other people, both individually and in a group, requires
________________.
a.technical skills
b.assessment skills
c.planning skills
d.human skills
84.Which of the following types of skills are described with terms such as abstract situations and
visualization?
a.interpersonal
b.human
c.technical
d.conceptual
85.Which one of the following phrases is best associated with managerial conceptual skills?
a.decision making
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,municating with customers
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,ing information to solve business problems
d.product knowledge
86.Which of the following skills are more important at lower levels of management, as these managers
are dealing directly with employees doing the organization’s work?
a.human
b.technical
c.conceptual
d.empirical
87.Budgeting is associated with the management functions of planning and _____________.
a.directing
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
c.leading
d.controlling
88.Mentoring is primarily associated with the management function of _____________.
a.planning
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
c.leading
d.controlling
WHAT IS AN ORGANIZATION?
89.An organization is ______________.
a.the physical location where people work
b. a collection of individuals working for the same company
c. a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose
d. a group of individuals focused on profit making for their shareholders
90.One of the common characteristics of all organizations is ____________, which is typically
expressed in terms of the organization’s goals.
a.its people
b.its goals
c.its systematic structure
d.its purpose
91.One of the common characteristics of all organizations is _____________, which clarifies members’
work relationships.
a.its people
b.its goals
c.its deliberate structure
d.its purpose
92.A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose is _____________.
a. a structure.
b. a process.
c.an organization.
d.an assembly operation
93.A difference between traditional organizations and new organizations is that the new organizations
tend to be more _____________.
a.stable
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,mand oriented
c.rule oriented
d.dynamic
WHY STUDY MANAGEMENT?
94.Which of the following best describes the concept that management is needed in all types and sizes
of organizations, no matter the country in which they’re located?
a.the partiality of management
b.the segmentation of management
c.the universality of management
d.the cultures of management
95.Universality of management means that _____________
a.all managers in all organizations perform the four management functions
b.all managers in all organizations can perform their job the same way
c.all organizations can hire any manager to perform the management jobs
d.any manager can work in any organization and perform any management job
96.As members of the general public, we have a vested interest in improving the way organizations are
managed because _________________.
a.we stand to benefit personally from an individual organization’s profits
b.we interact with organizations every single day of our lives
c.if organizations don’t improve, we won’t have a place to work in the future
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizations supply inputs to other organizations
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizations that are well managed ____________.
a.choose the best suppliers for their products
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,pete on an international basis because they have the best products
c.always have the lowest-cost products
d.develop a loyal customer base, grow, and prosper
98.According to management expert Peter Drucker, management is about ______________.
a.profits
b.people
c.planning
d.participation
99.Which of the following types of managerial positions is most likely to involve clerical duties?
a.shift supervisor
b.regional department head
c.project manager
d.chief executive officer
100. A manager’s success is typically _______________.
a.dependent on how hard the manager works
b.how closely the manager supervises the employees
c.based on how skilled the manager is at the technical elements of the job
d.dependent on others’ work performance
101. A primary responsibility of managers is creating a work environment that _______________.
a.is safe and well lit
b.is clean and organized
c.allows employees to do their work to the best of their ability
d.provides excellent customer service
102.Managers often ______________.
a.are prevented from making business decisions
b.change their career paths during their work lives
c.have opportunities to think creatively and use their imaginations
d.must depend on their employees for guidance in dealing with superiors
103.Which of the following represents a challenge of management?
a.enjoy relatively easy work
b.work with a variety of people
c.have little influence on organizational outcomes
d.have to deal with a variety of personalities
104.Each of the following represents a challenge of management except _______________.
a.must operate with limited resources
b.are highly valued by organizations
c.must motivate workers in uncertain situations
d.success depends on others’ performance
SCENARIOS AND QUESTIONS
For each of the following choose the answer that most completely answers the question.
WHO ARE MANAGERS?
Managerial Basic Training (Scenario)
Imagine that your marketing company has just merged with a manufacturing organization. You have been asked to help provide some “basic” managerial training to the engineers in the research and development unit of the new sister company. To make sure you are covering the necessary issues, your boss has asked to see an overview of materials that you will be providing the engineers.
105.Now that both companies are merged and are a systematic arrangement of people set to accomplish a specific purpose, they could be described as a(n) _____________.
a.business unit
b.multinational company
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anization
d.holding company
106.One of the first things the engineers need to learn is that _____________ are the people who direct the activities of others in an organization.
a.directors
b.managers
c.subordinates
d.line workers
107.Another fact that engineers need to learn is that supervisors may frequently be referred to as _____________.
a.middle managers
b.top managers
c.project leaders
d.first-line managers
108.Many of the engineers in the group are unclear about what managers actually do. Your training materials explain that a manager’s job focuses on _____________.
a.the performance of clerical duties
b.personal achievement
c.helping others accomplish their work goals
d.supervising groups rather than individual employees
The Customer Meeting (Scenario)
Kelly, a production supervisor, is responsible for 10 employees who assemble components into a finished product that is sold to distributors. Kelly reports to Ben, a production manager, who in turn reports to Dan, a general manager, who reports to McKenna, a vice president of operations. Recently, McKenna asked Dan to have a meeting with Kelly and Ben regarding some customer concerns in the production area. The focus of the meeting was to judge the validity of the customer concerns, and to develop a specific plan to address these concerns.
109.What is the commonality among Kelly, Ben, Dan, and McKenna?
a.They all produce the same product.
b.They all have the same job content.
c.They all are managers.
d.They all have the same vision.
110.Kelly is considered to be what level of management?
a.top manager
b.superintendent of assembly
c.middle manager
d.first-line manager
111.Ben and Dan are considered to be what level of management?
a.top managers
b.middle managers
c.superintendents of assembly
d.first-line managers
112.McKenna is considered to be what level of management?
a.top manager
b.superintendent of assembly
c.middle manager
d.first-line manager
113.The structure of the managerial relationships among McKenna, Dan, Ben, and Kelly can best be described as a ____________.
a.flexible work group
b.traditional pyramid structure
c.innovative nuclear structure
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,munication hub
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?
The Perfect Manager (Scenario)
Brenda Kraft has proven herself to be an able manager. Her section has a high project completion rate with the highest-quality product and the lowest defects in her division. In addition, she accomplishes this with fewer full-time people than other managers. Some say that the secret of her success is in her ability to delegate responsibility and her understanding of the basic “management functions.”
114.Brenda’s ability to complete activities efficiently and effectively with and through other people is known as _____________.
a.management
b.leadership
c.coercion
d.delegation
115.Brenda’s ability to produce the same amount of product with fewer personnel is a reflection of her ___________.
a.effectiveness
b.process skills
c.leadership
d.efficiency
116.The fact that Brenda completes her projects is an indication of her _____________ as a manager.
a.leadership
b.effectiveness
c.efficiency
d.attention to detail
117.If Brenda accomplished her projects on time with high-quality results, but she took more time than other managers in the process, you could say that as a manager she was ____________.
a.efficient, but not effective
b. a leader, but not a top manager
c.project oriented, but not effective
d.effective, but not efficient
118.The “management functions” exemplified by Brenda include all but which of the following?
a.planning
b.controlling
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
d.calibrating
WHAT DO MANAGERS DO?
Joe the Manager (Scenario)
As a production supervisor, Joe decides on Friday afternoon how many units of output his employees will be able to produce and on which days certain products will be run in his department. He also decides which of his employees are going to be responsible for operating which machines within the department next week, as his employees are multi-skilled assemblers. On Monday, he informs his employees of their assignments to specific machines by handing out assignment sheets. He tells the employees that the schedule is going to be difficult this week due to the increased number of units. He goes on to tell them that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are such good and skilled employees. Each day during the week, Joe checks the amount of output that the employees have completed and the number of units that have been rejected.
119.When Joe decides how many units of output his employees will be able to produce and on which days certain products will be run, he is performing which of the management functions?
a.controlling
b.leading
c.planning
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
120.When Joe checks the amount of output that the employees have completed and the number of units that have been rejected, he is performing which of the management functions?
a.controlling
b.leading
c.planning
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
121.When Joe tells the employees that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are such good and skilled employees, he is performing which of the management functions?
a.controlling
b.leading
c.planning
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,anizing
The Busy Day (Scenario)
Don Eskew, plant manager at Control Systems, Inc., sighed as he sipped his first cup of coffee at 5 A.M. and read his agenda for the day. He is giving two company tours in the morning: the first to a newspaper reporter who is writing a story on the new plant expansion, and the second to a group of Control Systems managers from the east coast. Don then has a meeting with the unit manager, Phil Johnson, to discuss Phil’s recent drop in performanc e (a task Don always hates). Next, Don is spending a couple of hours reviewing the trade journals he receives from his high-tech association and writing up a brief synopsis for his presentation next week to the division president. Finally, in the late afternoon, he will be reviewing the new equipment malfunction and deciding whether to bring in extra people to get the equipment running as soon as possible. Whew! Just another day in the glamorous life of a manager. 122.Together, all of the functions that Don performs during his busy day correspond to the management roles discovered in the late 1960s by which one of the following management researchers?
a.Herzberg
b.Skinner
c.Mintzberg
d.Fayol
123.When Don conducts the tour for the east coast managers, he will be operating in which of the management roles?
a.leader
b.liaison
c.monitor
d.figurehead
124.When Don meets with Phil to discuss Phil’s performance issues, Don will be operating in which management role?
a.leader
b.figurehead
c.monitor
d.disturbance handler
125.What role will Don be performing when he gives the plant tour to the newspaper reporter?
a.monitor
b.figurehead
c.disseminator
d.spokesperson
126.When Don reviews the new equipment malfunction, what management role will he play when deciding whether to bring in extra people?
a.monitor
b.disseminator
c.resource allocator
d.disturbance handler
The General Manager (Scenario)
Michael is the general manager of a production facility. In a routine day, Michael might meet with city officials or civic leaders about environmental issues due to the plant’s presen ce in the community. After these meetings, he will then meet with the plant’s functional managers to discuss the concerns expressed by the city representatives. Other times, Michael might meet with the production manager, Betty, and the human resource manager, Joyce, to discuss a complaint filed by one of the employees in a production department. Michael might also spend time on the Internet looking for new technologies that can be used in the production processes of his plant.
127.When Michael gains information from city officials or civic leaders to learn how the plant’s operations may be affecting the environment, he is performing which management role?
a.leader
b.resource allocator
c.entrepreneur
d.monitor
128.When Michael meets with Betty and Joyce to discuss a complaint filed by one of the employees in a production department, he is performing which management role?
a.resource allocator
b.disturbance handler
c.liaison
d.figurehead
129.When Michael meets with the functional managers to share with them the results of the meeting with city officials or civic leaders, he is performing which management role?
a.disseminator
b.liaison
c.disturbance handler
d.negotiator
130.When Michael spends time on the Internet looking for new technologies that can be used in the production processes of his plant, he is performing which management role?
a.leader
b.entrepreneur
c.spokesperson
d.disturbance handler
131.Michael’s search for new technologies that can be used in the production processes of his plant is an example of which type of management role?
a.interpersonal
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,rmational
c.decisional
d.controlling
132.Michael’s search for new technologies that can be used in the production processes of his plant is an example of which type of management skill?
a.conceptual
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf15723333.html,munication
c.effectiveness
d.interpersonal
ESSAY QUESTIONS
WHO ARE MANAGERS?
133.In a short essay, explain how the definition of a manager has changed over time. Provide an example that illustrates the current definition.
134.In a short essay, describe the similarities and differences between managerial and nonmanagerial positions in today’s work environment.
135.In a short essay, describe and provide examples of first-line, middle, and top managers.
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?
136.In a short essay, discuss the difference between efficiency and effectiveness and include a specific example to support each concept.
WHAT DO MANAGERS DO?
137.In a short essay, list and explain the four basic functions of management.
138.In a short essay, list and discuss 7 of the 10 managerial roles developed by Mintzberg. Include specific examples of each role and group each according to interpersonal, informational, and decisional roles.
139.In a short essay, discuss which approach is more useful for describing the job of a manager—functions or roles? Describe the contributions of both approaches.
140.In a short essay, describe the three main types of managerial skills identified by Robert Katz.
Which skills are most important to each level of management, and why?
WHY STUDY MANAGEMENT?
141.In a short essay, discuss the importance of studying management. Next, list at least five rewards and five challenges of being a manager.
公共管理学2011期末复习题及答案
公共管理学2011期末复习题及答案
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公共管理学黎民课后答案
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2. 小瓦特：科学管理制度。 3. 马萨诸塞车祸与所有权与管理权的分离。 4. 欧文：人事管理。（因此欧文被称为“人事管理之父”） 5. 巴贝奇对工作方法的研究和对报酬制度的研究。 ?第三节管理理论的形成与发展 一、古典管理理论 （一）科学管理理论 1. 代表人物：泰罗、甘特。 2. 泰罗的科学管理理论： （1）工作定额。 （2）标准化。 （3）能力与工作相适应。 （4）差别计件工资制。 （5）计划职能与执行职能相分离。 二、行为管理理论 （一）梅奥与霍桑试验 1. 霍桑试验四个阶段 （1）工作场所照明阶段 （2）继电器装配室试验 （3）大规模访谈 （4）接线板工作室试验 2. 梅奥的人际关系学说 （1）工人是社会人，不是经济人。 （2）企业中存在着非正式组织。 （3）生产率主要取决于工人的工作态度以及他和周围人的关系。 ?第二章·管理道德与社会企业责任 ?第一节管理与伦理道德 一、伦理道德的真谛 1. 伦理：为了相互协调，共同生产和生活而形成的共同遵守的行为规范。 真谛：“本性上普遍的东西”。 2. 道德：在一定风俗习惯下所形成的个人的品质、气质。 3. 天伦：家庭血缘关系的共同体。 4. 人伦：社会关系的共同体。 5. 意义 伦理与道德作为人类文明的基本因子，是指评价人类行为善与恶的社会价值形态，在日常社会中其体现为一定的行为规范和准则。任何社会任何组织要想长期生存，不仅要遵守法律，同时必须遵守一定的道德规范。 二、伦理道德的管理学意义 表现在四方面：
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精心整理《公共管理学》试题参考答案 一、单项选择题 1、在私人部门中，组织的最终目标为（A?） A. C. 2 A. 3 A. C. 4 A. 5 A.17世纪末18世纪初?????????? B.18世纪末19世纪初 C.19世纪末20世纪初?????????? D.20世纪末21世纪初 6、新公共管理范式产生于（?D???）
A.19世纪60年代末70年代初??? B.19世纪70年代末80年代初 C.20世纪60年代末70年代初???? D.20世纪70年代末80年代初 7、公共管理研究领域的第一个范式----公共行政范式诞生的标志为（?A?） A.《行政学之研究》的发表?????? B.《经济与社会》的发表 C. 8 A. 9 A. 10 A. 11 A. 12、“政治与行政二分”最早的提出者是（?D??） A.凯恩斯??????? B.布坎南????? C.韦伯???????? D.威尔逊 13、威尔逊指出行政研究建立的基础为（?A??） A.管理????????? B.法律??????? C.经济???????? D.政治
14、被称为“组织理论之父”的是（B??）? A.威尔逊??????? B.韦伯??????? C.杰弗逊?????? D.怀特 15、韦伯认为科层制组织的基础为（C??） A.传统型权力?? B.魅力型权力?? C.合理--合法型权力?? D.知识型权力 16 A. 17 A. 18 A. 19、A?） A.知识性原则???? B.职业化原则???? C.非人格化原则??? D.法定管辖范围原则 20、对科层制组织中的行政管理人员资格的一个基本要求是（B??） A.知识性原则???? B.职业化原则???? C.非人格化原则??? D.法定管辖范围原则
管理学原理英文教材(清华大学出版社)中文翻译精简版
第六章制定决策：管理者工作的本质 一、决策制定过程 每个人不论是在组织内或组织的哪个领域中，都在制定决策，也就是说他们要在两个或更多的方案中做出选择。 决策制定过程（decision-making process）的步骤，包括8个步骤：识别决策问题、确定决策标准、以及为每个决策标准分配权重，然后进入开发、分析和选择备择方案，这些方案要能够解决你的问题。接下来是实施备择方案，以及最终评估决策的结果。 步骤1：识别决策问题 决策制定过程开始于一个存在的问题，也就是开始于现状与希望状态之间的差异。 问题的识别不那么简单，在事情被确认为问题之前，管理者需要意识到问题，感到有采取行动的压力，以及拥有采取行动的资源。 步骤2、确认决策标准 对于解决问题来说，确认决策标准非常重要，管理者必须决定什么与制定决策有关。 无论决策标准是否被清晰的陈述，每一个决策者都会有某些标准来指导他的决策。 步骤3、为决策标准分配权重 决策标准并非都是同等重要，因而决策制定者必须为每一项标准分配权重，以便正确的规定它们的优先次序。 采用你个人的偏好来排列指标的优先次序，这些指标是你在决策过程第2步确认的。 步骤4、开发备择方案 决策制定者列出可供选择的决策方案，这些方案要能够解决决策所面对的问题，无需对这一步所列出的方案进行评估，只需要列出它们既可。 步骤5、分析备择方案 一旦确认了备择方案，决策制度者必须认真的分析每一种方案，对每一种方案的评价是将其与决策标准进行比较，通过比较，每一种备择方案的优点和缺点就变得明显了。 步骤6、选择备择方案 从所有备择方案中选择最佳方案是很重要的。 步骤7、实施备择方案 实施（implementation）包含了将决策传送给有关人员和部门，并要求他们对实施结果作出承诺。 步骤8、评估决策结果 评估决策结果，看看问题是否得到解决。 二、决策的普遍性 制定决策是管理者所有四个职能的组成部分，这也是管理者在计划、组织、领导和控制时通常被称为决策制定者的原因。事实上，决策制定是管理的同一语。管理职能中的决策： 计划： 组织的长期目标是什么？什么战略能够最佳的实现这些目标？组织的短期目标是什么？
公共管理学课后习题答案 (2)
公共管理学课后习题答案选择题 第一章 1.由管理对象的（C ）所决定，公共管理从一开始便在管理者，管理对象和管理过程等方面显现出自己鲜明的特征。 A.范围 B.特征 C.性质 D.规模 2.公共管理必须以（B ）为目标，私人部门管理的目标则可以定位于包括管理者在内的私人利益，这是公共管理与私人部门管理的最重要区别。 A.家庭利益 B.公共利益 C.集体利益 D.家族利益 3.西蒙认为，任何活动(包括行政活动)都包括决策与（D ）两方面，因此，要全面了解及解决行政问题，必须同时注重这两个方面。 A.评估 B.实验 C.宣传 D.执行 4.传统的公共行政学关注的焦点是（B ） A.公平 B.效率 C.民主 D.制约 第二章 1.公共管理系统的界线是指公共管理系统用以（D ）外部环境的投入与公共管理系统对外部环境的产出，防止外部环境的干扰，并保持自身独立性的边界。 A.吸引 B.淘汰 C.隔离 D.过滤 2.公共管理系统与外部环境密切关联，它们相互影响，相互（ D）
A.制约 B.作用 C.促进 D.依赖 3.人类社会生活中最基本的领域是（C ） A.精神生活 B.集体生活 C.经济生活 D.家庭生活 4.（ B ）因素直接决定着公共管理系统的基本性质 A.政体 B.国体 C.政治 D。经济 第三章 1.在现实中，公共管理目标往往需要兼顾一些相互冲突的目标类型，如长期目标与（ C ） A.战术目标 B.战略目标 C.短期目标 D.外部目标 2.公共组织的纵向目标意味着公共组织所要达到的未来状态具有（B ） A.发展性 B.纵向性 C.广泛性 D.拓展性 3.组织在实现外部目标的同时还要实现（ A ），这是组织完成外部目标的充分条件。 A.内部目标 B.纵向目标 C。横向目标 D.战略目标 4.公共组织与社会之间在本质上存在着一种（ D ） A.合作关系 B.责任关系 C.服务关系 D.契约关系 第四章 1.公共管理职能是指特定环境下，公共管理部门在社会公共产品与服务的管理过程中所承担的基本（A ）与所具有的功能作用的统一体。 A.职责 B.义务 C.权力 D.职权 2.在现代社会中，不管具体政治制度如何，公共政策的决定方式多由
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