2018届高三英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三讲推理判断题

第三讲推理判断题

题型1 逻辑推断类

[示例] (2017·全国卷Ⅲ，B)Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in prepara tion for the building’s end.

The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.

7．What can we infer about the audience?

A．They are disappointed with Bradford.

B．They are sad to part with the old theater.

C．They are supportive of the city officials.

D．They are eager to have a shopping center.

[解题思路]

第一步速读文章，找出相关信息句，并标出进行推理判断的关键词

由第二段Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed__audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building.的关键信息来推断答案。第二步根据该题选项特点找到teary-eyed与sad相呼应，good-bye与part相呼应。

尝试解答____B____

[答题技巧]

1．识别题干关键

(1)It can be inferred from the passage that ________．

(2)It can be concluded from the passage that________．

(3)The author strongly suggests that ________．

(4)The writer implies but not directly states that ________．

2．“逻辑关联”得结论

(1)抓与之相关的关键信息，进行正向或逆向思维，推断出隐含的深层含义。

(2)整合全文或全段信息，进行综合判断，确定最佳选项。

(3)根据上下文逻辑关系，进行实事求是的判断，得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是仅仅根据自己的经验、观点或爱好做出判断。

题型2 目的意图类

[示例] (2016·全国卷Ⅲ，C)If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of A pple Day to see what’s around. It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s mor e like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.

Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.

There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a__pipe__dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.

At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.

Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园)．If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent. 11．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A．To show how to grow apples.

B．To introduce an apple festival.

C．To help people select apples.

D．To promote apple research.

[解题思路]

第一步速读文章，试找出相关的信息句，并标出关键词

关键词句：If__you__are__a__fruit__grower—or__would__like__to__become__one—take__advantage__of_ _Apple__Day__to__see__what’s__around.

第二步与选项进行对比，得出答案

尝试解答____B____

[答题技巧]

1．识别题干关键

(1)What is the main purpose of the passage?

(2)The writer of the story wants to tell us that ________．

(3)The author writes the last paragraph in order to ________．

2．“文体特点”求突破

(1)记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性的语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开。

(2)广告类应用文：文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍，使用具有明显支持倾向的语言。

(3)说明文：写作目的有赖于对文章主旨的把握，阅读时需要找准主题句。

(4)议论文：提出论点——进行论证——得出结论，作者的意图往往隐含于最后一部分中。

题型3 观点态度类

[示例] (2015·全国卷Ⅰ，B)The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter，so when t he chance came for a weekend to Sarasota，Florida，my bags were packed before you could say“sunshine.”I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C (维生素C)，thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air，I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools，wine tasting，and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours，not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend，but the best part —particularly to my taste，dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables—was a 7 a．m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake -up call.

The market，which was founded in 1979，sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 a．m. to 1 p．m.，rain or shine，along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries；t he red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck；and most of all，the tomatoes：amazing，large，soft and round red tomatoes.

Disappointed by many a broken，vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise，I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store，once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.But I homed in，with uncertainty，on one particular table at the Brown’s Grove Farm’s stand，full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal—and at that moment，I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn’t be experiencing again for months.

Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight，my happiness deepened when I learned that

Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty，a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton，where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu，I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it. 24．What did the author think of her winter life in New York?

A．Exciting. B．Boring.

C．Relaxing. D．Annoying.

[解题思路]

第一步速读文章，找出相关的信息句，并标出关键词

由第一段The freezing Northeast hasn’t__been__a__terribly__fun__place to spend time this winter，so...

第二步结合选项，进行合理推断

尝试解答____B____

[答题技巧]

1．识别题干关键

(1)What’s the writer’s attitude towards...?

(2)What is the author’s opinion on...?

(3)What does the author think about...?

2．“忠于措辞”定选项

文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辞。

(1)正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。

(2)留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。

(3)结合平时所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等的背景知识来进行合理的推断。

3．牢记常见有关作者情感态度的词语

(1)表示支持或肯定：positive积极乐观的；supportive支持的；optimistic乐观的；humorous幽默的；enthusiastic热情的；pleasant愉快的。

(2)表示中立：indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested不感兴趣的；objective 客观的；neutral中立的；not mentioned未提及的。

题型4 文章出处或读者对象类

[示例] (安徽卷，A)

Personal Robot

Make your parents and teachers happy！

Are you having problems finishing your homework on time? Do you avoid tidying your room until your mom shouts at you? You don’t need to worry if you buy a Mr.Helping Hand personal

robot.Mr.H can be programmed to organize your homework.Your own personal robot will follow you around，putting away books and objects that you have left on the floor or bed. Mr.H also has these features(特点)：

·wei ghs only 500 grams

·includes long-lasting batteries

·comes with a 5-year guarantee

·remembers simple instructions

Originally(最初) sold for $499

NOW ONLY $299

WATCH CONTROL

This is a watch that James Bond would be proud to wear!

This is NOT a watch for ordinary people!

Your electronic PENGO WATCH CONTROL

?acts as a remote control for TVs and videos.

?gives you a daily weather forecast.

?reminds you when to hand in your homework.

?sets off a silent warning alarm when parents or teachers are near.

Besides，your PENGO WATCH CONTROL will always tell you the time accurately!

Originally sold for $199

NOW ONLY $99

For further information，click here.

59．Where would you be most likely to find the two texts?

A．On a notice board.

B．In a company brochure.

C．On a teenage website.

D．In a college newspaper.

[解题思路]

第一步速读文章，结合文章语言特色找出最能体现文章出处的专用词汇

①BUY__NOW

②For__further__information,__click__here

第二步结合选项，试进行合理推断

尝试解答____C____

[答题技巧]

1．识别题干关键

(1)The passage would probably be found in ________．

(2)The passage is most likely to be taken from/out of ________．

(3)Where does the text probably come from?

2．“专用词汇”做判断

考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来做出正确的判断。如要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有基本的了解，根据文章的语言特色和其专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。

[状元技法]

推理判断题解题三技巧

1．抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。抓住某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。

2．整合全文信息进行推断。在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点等系列材料，综合起来去推理判断。

3．利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。在把握主旨大意的基础上利用文章的语境褒贬性对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。

,[

学生用书P50] )

A

(2017·湖北武汉高三调研)I felt like I had clicked my heels three times and come to a country away from home every morning as I walked through the doors at the Embassy of Australia in Washington.Musical Aussie accents and Aboriginal art exhibits made me wonder if I had entered without a visa. In fact I was a temporary employee，a public affairs unpaid intern(实习生) for three months during the summer in order to engage myself in the culture of the country where I planned to study the next spring.

During the summer I read the Australian news every day. Working at the embassy allowed me to escape the U．S.for six hours per day and learn about what was going on across the planet.After reading the daily Australian and U．S.news I usually helped prepare a PowerPoint presentation for school kids who visited the embassy as part of a school activity. Depending on whether an embassy event was going on，I would attend weekly meetings to listen to planning and see what I could do to https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ba15949692.html,ually there were smaller tasks to be done such as creating visitors’ guides.

The most fantastic event in which I participated was the visit of the Australian Prime Minister. As the only American among countless Australian media and staff, I felt comfortable and was kept busy taking pictures and recording doorstop interviews at famous sites such as the Capitol. As an intern, you will not be exposed to top-secret information, but you are on the inside when it comes to special events.

Government work is a useful addition to one’s experience. As an embassy employee you will gain invaluable knowledge while spending your summer in a culturally diverse workplace.

[解题导语] 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为了要到澳大利亚学习提前在位于华盛顿的澳大利亚驻美国大使馆实习的经历。

1．What is the author talking about?

A．Her embassy internship.

B．Her trouble in finding a job.

C．Her foreign culture experience.

D．Her preparation for future employment.

A解析：主旨大意题。根据全文大意可知，作者主要讲述了她在位于华盛顿的澳大利亚驻美国大使馆实习的经历。

2．Why was the author in the Embassy of Australia for three months?

A．To apply for a visa.

B．To prepare to study in Australia.

C．To record musical Aussie accents.

D．To appreciate Aboriginal art exhibits.

B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“in order to engage myself in the culture of the country where I planned to study the next spring”可知，作者实习的原因是让自己融入澳大利亚的文化中，因为明年春天她要去那里学习，故答案为B。

3．What was the author forbidden to do when the Australian Prime Minister visited America?

A．Record doorstop interviews.

B．Know top-secret information.

C．Take pictures of special events.

D．Stand among the Australian staff.

B解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“you will not be exposed to top-secret information”可知，实习生不会接触到绝密信息，故选B。

4．What can w e infer about the author’s daily routine at the Embassy?

A．It is tiring. B．It is boring.

C．It is exciting. D．It is relaxing.

C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“The most fantastic event”以及最后一段中的“a useful addition”和“gain invaluable knowledge”可知，作者对这次经历的描述是非常积极和正面的，因此可以推断出，在大使馆工作是令作者兴奋的。

B

(2017·陕西高三教学质量检测)Our success，satisfaction and general happiness in life is not dependent on what happens to us but how we deal with it.

You will probably know from personal experience what a difference your attitude can make when，for example，you’re returning faulty goods or making a complaint. An open, polite and friendly approach，expecting a satisfactory result，normally results in one as people tend to respond with a similar attitude. If，however，you present an argument with an angry，accusing tone，expecting trouble，there is little doubt that this is what you’ll get!

Some people see the world through a filter of optimism and some through a filter of pessimism(悲观) which largely comes down to having a positive or negative(消极的) attitude. People who are suffering from a negative attitude primarily think that something can’t be done；they talk about problems, see all the difficulties，find fault with and criticize other people and focus on all the things they would like but haven’t got.O n the contrary，people blessed with a positive attitude think that anything is possible.They look for ways to solve the problems, they see the good in everybody，and they are grateful for all the good things in their lives.

Whether suffering from or blessed with your attitude，this is not something that is put on us from the outside.We are very much responsible for our own attitude.We all start out with a “clean” board but this can get muddied by our experiences in life.As children we are made fun of and even get bullied(欺侮) and rejected，start to experience doubt and lose our self-confidence.If this continues into adulthood，it can result in a bad attitude in later life.

[解题导语] 本文展现出了积极的人生态度的重要性。

5．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that people are likely to treat others__________．A．the way they are treated

B．better when they are satisfied

C．worse when they are in trouble

D．the way they consider appropriate

A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的整体内容尤其是“as people tend to respond with a similar attitude”可知，你以什么样的态度对待他人，他人也会用同样的方式对待你。

高考英语阅读理解推理判断题

专题07 阅读理解推理判断题 推理判断题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。 提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest (推断，暗指)等词。对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。关键是：意思要靠推断得出，而不是原文照搬。这就要把握住文章的主题思想和每段的内容；明确作者的观点及其写作该文的目的；分析文章里所给的有关信息；注意词汇在词典的定义和词典以外的含义；最后运用自己的知识进行由表及里的逻辑推理，挖出文章的伏笔，得出正确的推论。 这种问题的提问方式通常有： 1.From paragraph 4 we can infer that. / What can be inferred from the passage? / From the last paragraph we can infer that . 2.We can infer from the text that…/ What can we learn from…? / We can conclude from the passage that… 3.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that. 4.The author implies that by the year 2080, . 5.To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should. 6.The author mentions the fact that…to show. 7. This passage would most likely be found in _________? 8.The author’s attitude toward …is _________? 9. The tone of the passage can best be described as _________? 这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。具体的说，考生应当注意以下几点： 1.首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替

高中英语阅读之推理判断题的解题技巧资料

高考阅读理解专题：推理判断题的解题技巧 推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，考生要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。 近年的高考题中常出现以下五种推理判断题: 1. 这类题干中通常含有learn( ), infer( ), suggest( ), imply( ), conclude （）, indicate( )等标志性词语, 常见的提问方式有： 1)．We can know from the passage that ________． 2). We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ________． 3)．The passage/author implies/suggests that ______． 4)．It can be concluded from the passage that ________． 5)．The underlined sentence indicates that ________ 2. 解题技巧 ①针对细节推断: 在原文中找到相关的信息源--- 对具体内容分析-- 推理判断得出结论 实例1：Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called “the deathwatch beetle." 1. It can be inferred from the text that the sound of this beetle ________. A. pleased people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people. ②针对主题思想:以主题为核心----- 分析逻辑关系----- 得出结论 实例2：In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms. 1. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. More time should be spent on computers. B. Children should be forbidden to watch TV. C. TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms. D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done. 1. 题干中通常含有attitude, view ,opinion,, in the author’s opinion/mind等标志性词语。提问方式: 1)．The author seems to be in favor of/against ______． 2)．The author may probably agree with/support ________． 3)．What's the author's opinion about...? 4)．In the author's opinion...?

(完整word版)如何做高中英语阅读理解中的推理判断题教案.

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解密阅读理解之推理判断题 考点详解 推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的设题。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写(paraphrase)或综合。常见的题干有： 1. It can be inferred from the text that… 2. We can conclude that… 3. When the writer talks about..., what he really means is that… 4. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? 从历年的高考阅读理解题分析来看，推理判断题所占的比例大概在7％-10％，一般可以归纳为五大题型：细节推断题、因果推断题、人物性格、预测想象推理题和写作意图推测题。下面就这五大类型的题目进行剖析： 题型一细节推断题： 常见的设问方式： It can be inferred from the passage/text that_________. The author mainly suggests that ________. It can be concluded from the passage that_______. The writer implies but not directly states _______. What does the author imply about newspapers? 细节判断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。 干扰项特点：

高中英语阅读理解专题--推理判断题

阅读理解专题--推理判断题 一、如何推断隐含意义 Passage 1. Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called "the deathwatch beetle." （1分钟） ●The sound of this beetle ________. A. pleased people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people. Passage 2. It is said that people should take a lesson from the clock. The clock passes the time by keeping its hands busy. People who do what the clock does also pass the time by keeping their hands busy and not by sleeping the time away. （1.5分钟） ●From the text you can tell that busy people______ A. act like clocks. B. sleep the time away. C. don't do what clocks do. D. don't have hands. Passage 3. Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, and is now found mostly in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West. （2分钟） ●The author implies that several types of bison______. A. live outside the United Stated and Canada B. are well adapted to swampy terrain（沼泽地带） C. existed before the Ice Age D. have been killed or have died out 二、如何推断作者观点和态度： Passage 4. Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly，I’m sick of all this bad news. （0.5分钟） ●This author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _____. A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform Passage 5.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering—can be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like cryin g, don’t fight it. It’s a natural—and healthy—emotional response(反应). （2分钟） ●According to the author, which of the following statements is true? A. Crying is the best way to get help from others. B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems. C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry. D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure. Passage6.Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure--- those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an