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2010年同等学力英语真题及详解_by_tigeress

Paper One 试卷一

（90minutes）

PartⅠDialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)

Section A Dialogue Completion

Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1. A: Can you take over for me here for a little while? I have a friend coming to see me.

B: I’d like to, but______ Ask Peter, he’s not so occupied at this moment.

A. how can I do it？

B. that’s alright.

C. I have my hands full.

D. that?s impossible.

2. A: To get an outside line, just dial 0 and the phone number. Or we can place

a call for you, if you want.

B: No, thanks a lot. ________

A. Just put me through.

B. I?ll try it myself.

C. I?d rather not.

D. I?ll appreciate your help.

3. A: Now，it’s just work, work, work. I work hard all day, every day.

B: Oh, come on. _________You’re making a good salary now.

A. Don?t complain.

B. Sorry to hear about it

C. Anything I can do for you？

D. What’s your plan?

4. A: Pamela，can you come to a meeting on Friday？

B: _______ let me check my schedule. When are you having it？

A. No big deal.

B. I’m not sure.

C. Can I？

D. Sure thing！

5. A: I?m really getting fed up with the salespersons who keep calling.

B: _________

A. I hope it’s nothing serious.

B. They are so stupid！

C. So am I. It?s so annoying.

D. Y ou are right. Forget it. Section B Dialogue Comprehension

Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

6. Man: I?ve figured it all out. It looks like it?ll take us about 5 hours to d rive from here to Chicago.

Woman: It’d be more relaxing to take the train. But I guess we should watch our expenses.

Question: What does the woman imply?

A. She likes to drive when she travels.

B. She doesn?t want to go to Chicago.

C. She doesn?t kno w the cost of the train trip.

D. It?s cheaper to go to Chicago by car.

7. Man: How about the examination last week?

Woman: If I’d got more time, I could have made it.

Question: What does the woman imply？

A. She was asked to take another examination

B. She failed the examination last week.

C. She did quite well in the examination.

D. She didn?t take the examination last week.

8.Man: Harvard or the State University, have you decided yet？

Woman: Well, I’d rather be a big fish in a small pond.

Question: Which university is the woman likely to choose?

A. The State University.

B. Harvard.

C. Neither.

D. She hasn?t decided yet.

9. Man: I?ve just found a great location to open a new shop.

Women: But you haven’t researched the market. Don’t you think this is putting the cart before the horse？

Question: What does the woman mean？

A. The man shouldn?t make the decision so quickly.

B. It?s too risky to choose such a location.

C. The man is doing things in the wrong order.

D. It?s po ssible for him to make a better choice.

10. Women: My results are a bit flattering because I?ve had quite a lot of luck.

Man: Nonsense, you’re head and shoulders above the others in your group.

Question: What does the man think is the reason for the woman’s success?

A. She?s really lucky.

B. She?s far better than the others.

C. She?s got the others? support.

D. She?s been working hard.

Part II Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)

Section A

Directions:In this section, there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

11. Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the party.

A. desperately

B. definitely

C. deliberately

D. decisively

12. There has been enough playing around, so let?s get down to busines s.

A. make a deal

B. begin our work

C. reach an agreement

D. change our plan

13. How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterday’s lunch into today’s muscle？

A. alter

B. develop

C. modify

D. turn

14. It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older. A. notice B. watch C. follow D. celebrate

15. It is difficult to comprehend, but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard or felt is merely your brain?s interpretation of incoming stimuli.

A. explanation

B. evaluation

C. recognition

D. interruption

16. Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over work and other commitments.

A. appointments

B. arrangements

C. obligations

D. devotions

17. If you continue to indulge in computer games like this, your future will be at stake.

A. in danger

B. without question

C. on guard

D. at large

18. Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, tend to present idealized versions of life, often with a happy ending.

A. in contrast to

B. in regard to

C. in terms of

D. in light of

19. Most people would agree that, although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no correlative increase in wisdom.

A. improves

B. precedes

C. imposes

D. exceeds

20. Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on the basis of earning potential.

A. offensive

B. depressive

C. troublesome

D. tiresome

Section B

Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

21. My oldest son had just finished a (an) _________ holiday stay prior to moving to a new state, a new job, and the next chapter in his life.

A. enlarged

B. expanded

C. extended

D. increased

22. Blacks and American Indians _________ less than 10% of students in the top 30 business schools, while they are about 28% of the U.S. population.

A. make up

B. take up

C. reach out

D. turn out

23. With demand continuing to rise in _________ economies such as China and India, energy traders believe that oil futures are a good bet.

A. employing

B. emerging

C. embracing

D. emitting

24. Laws and regulations in each country have to be made __________ the constitution of the country.

A. in honor of

B. in memory of

C. in return of

D. in line with

25. The jury?s _______ was that the accused was guilty.

A. verdict

B. sentence

C. trial

D. debate

26. In English learning, a ______ cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded.

A. vertical

B. vicious

C. vivid

D. vigorous

27. Isn’t it _________ when you learn something you’ve never known before？

A. cool

B. crazy

C. cold

D. cute

28. There are several factors _______the rapid growth of sales promotion, particularly in consumer markets.

A. resorting to

B. appealing to

C. applying to

D. contributing to

29. The Internet has been developing at a speed ________ people?s expectations in the past two decades.

A. over

B. of

C. under

D. beyond

30. It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs; they have become professionally________.

A. laid off

B. laid out

C. put off

D. put out

Part III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each) Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 6 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One

Loneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same. Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.

The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression. The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.

For example，loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.

Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study. The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%, or two and a half days.

Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject

them.

John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.

The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier” against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.

31. Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people?

A. Friendship

B. Happiness

C. Depression

D. Smoking

32. The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948_________.

A. expanded its research topics

B. involved 5,000 patients of depression

C. identified loneliness as one key factor for heart disease

D. examined the relationship between loneliness and depression

33. Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness？

A. It leads to a gradual loss of friends.

B. It is a common phenomenon among women.

C. It is often found in the neighborhood.

D. It ruins the relationships between close friends.

34. Having a lonely friend, you are more likely to ________.

A. strengthen your friendship

B. develop new friendship

C. increase the sense of loneliness

D. reduce the sense of loneliness

35. According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago, loneliness can_______.

A. result in aggressiveness

B. cause people to be overprotective

C. infect social networks

D. push people to the verge of poverty

36. What is the main idea of the passage？

A. Loneliness can spread.

B. Loneliness is linked to depression.

C. Lonely people tend to grow fat.

D. Lonely people need more friends.

Passage Two

California has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative. “Starting this fall with high school math and science, we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks.” That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online. He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.

California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles. Digital ones can offer the latest information. They lighten the load of school bags. They save paper and tress, and make learning more fun and interactive. And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.

The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems. More than six million students attend California public schools.

Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90% of the state?s learning requirements. Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.

Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation, a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family. California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves.

Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expect widespread use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them, but only in addition to their traditional books.

School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.

37. The Digital Textbook Initiative______

A. will probably take effect in six years

B. covers all the high school subjects

C. has been approved by all states

D. is advocated by California state governor

38. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to_____

A. help save money

B. benefit the environment

C. provide interesting materials

D. reduce students? heavy burden

39. The digital textbooks were approved by _____

A. trained teachers

B. content developers

C. Khosla Family

D. Ck12 Foundation

40. What is true of CK12 Foundation?

A. It produced 16 digital textbooks.

B. It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.

C. It is financed by California state government.

D. It makes money through developing digital textbooks.

41. According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks_____.

A. are not likely to have a widespread use

B. will soon replace traditional ones

C. will first be adopted by well-equipped schools

D. are certain to be approved by school districts

42. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____.

A. schools are reluctant to print out copies

B. the use of digital textbooks is not really free

C. students need to pay for computers

D. training teachers to use the textbooks is not efficient

Passage Three

Doctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when children who are already overweight grow up. So, what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.

The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump (胖乎乎的)—and happy. In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.

So what do you do? Diet? Not according to England?s chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson. He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid even said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking. So, having bought some cross trainers, how much exercise should you do? According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who find treadmills(跑步机)tedious, the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people?s lives may be more effective. They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift, walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening. And according to a sports psychologist, Professor Biddle, gyms …are not making the nation fit?, and may even cause harm.

There?s new scientific e vidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unaccustomed exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely affect normal function in unfit people. The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes. So, should we forget about gyms and follow some experts? advice to increase exercise in our daily life? After all, getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of

the way can?t do any harm! One final thought. How come past generations

lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today?

43. This passage is mainly about_____

A. how to keep fit and avoid fatness

B. increased risks for overweight people

C. the dangers of exercise in the gym

D. the benefit of a balanced diet

44. What does “this expanding problem” (Para.1) refer to?

A. The slow growing up of overweight children.

B. The obesity time bomb warned of by doctors.

C. Too little exercise and too much diet.

D. Neglect of the health issue by the government.

45. Why does the author mention Mr. Pickwick in Charles Dickens’s novel？

A. He was portrayed in an 18th century painting.

B. He is the hero of a world famous novel.

C. He suffered from heart disease and stroke.

D. He is the image of being plump and happy.

46. According to Sir Liam Donaldson, what is the best way to avoid obesity？

A. Being on diet.

B. Giving up smoking.

C. Being as inactive as possible.

D. Doing physical activities.

47 Which of the following is NOT recommended by the Health Development Agency?

A. Walking up escalators, dancing or gardening.

B. Going to the gym to walk on treadmills.

C. Taking the stairs rather than the lift.

D. Playing active games with your children.

48. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____.

A. too much exercise may actually be bad for health

B. experts? advice cannot be always followed

C. past generations longed for gym facilities we have today

D. moderate daily-life exercise can make us leaner and fitter Passage Four

A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other: Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language. The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our perception of love. T herefore, the poet?s job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.

Let?s analyze this remarkably unsophisticated metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose, first we must examine the characteristics of that flower. A rose is spectacular in its beauty, its petals(花瓣) are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. It’s possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell. The rose’s appearance seems to border on perfection, each petal seemingly symmetrical in form. Isn’t this the way one?s love should be? A loved one should be a delight to one?s senses and seem perfect. However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love, the metaphor tell us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm! “Be careful,” the metaphor warns: Love is a feast to the senses, but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering. This is the poet’s perception of love —an admonition(劝诫). What is the point? Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.

49. According to the passage, what is a metaphor？

A. A comparison between two different objects with similar features.

B. A contrast between two different things to create a vivid image.

C. A description of two similar objects in a poetic way.

D. A literary device specially employed in poetry writing.

50. The main idea of this passage is that_____.

A. rose is a good image in poetry

B. love is sweet and pleasing

C. metaphor is ambiguous

D. metaphor is a great poetic device

51. It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is_____.

A. difficult to understand

B. rich in meaning

C. not precise enough

D. like a flower

52. As is meant by the author, thorns of a rose_________

A. protect the rose from harm

B. symbolize reduced love

C. add a new element to the image of love

D. represent objects of one?s affection

53. The meaning of the love-is-a-rose metaphor is that____________-

A. love is a true joy

B. true love comes once in a lifetime

C. love does not last long

D. love is both good and bad experiences

54. According to the passage, poetry is intended to___________

A. release anger

B. entertain the readers

C. express poets? ideas

D. reward the senses

Passage Five

Some 23 million additional U.S. residents are expected to become more regular users of the U.S. health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform. Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people?s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care.

“The social dynamics of care are changing,” says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies? ultrasound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.

With greater access to individualized health information-whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician-the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition. “For as long as we’ve known, health care has been ‘I go to the physician，and they tell me what to do, and I do it,’”says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor?s office, having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or smart phone application to answer their questions.

These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of U.S. hospitals and doctors? offices are still struggling to start the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records, and some even have partial access to them. The My Chart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal(门户)through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results.

Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting a “fundamental change in how care is provided,” Gomez says.

55. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A. The Future of Your Medical Data

B. Challenges against Doctors and Hospitals

C. Benefits of the U.S. Health Care Reform

D. How to Access and Share Your Health Information

56. Putting patient information in databases and online_____.

A. enables more Americans to join the health care system.

B. contributes to the passage of health care reform

C. increases the burden of the U.S. health care system

D. changes how people seek and receive health care

57. According to John Gomez, many patients use social networking sites to_____.

A. change their social interactions

B. post their latest CT scan images

C. share information about their health care

D. show their babies? recent pictures

58. Which of the following is NOT changing the traditional roles of doctors and patients？

A. A formal electronic medical record.

B. An easier access to information online.

C. A self-created personal health record.

D. A quick instant-messaging session with a doctor.

59. According to Nitu Kashyap, more patients in the future will_______.

A. refuse to follow their doctors? advice

B. be more dependent on their doctors

C. leave out their visit to doctors? offices and hospitals

D. have their health conditions examined through e-mail

60. It is stated in the passage that ________.

A. nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soon

B. most of U.S. hospitals and doctors are against the shift

C. patients are worded about the security of their health information

D. patients are starting to make use of their electronic medical records

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)

Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

Are you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest dating phenomenon that is sweeping 61 the UK—speed dating.

Speed dating 62 men and women meeting in a room and finding out as much as they can about possible 63 in three minutes. It?s proving very 64 with Britain?s young people who find that they haven?t got the time to meet that special one.

At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, 65 , with a member of the opposite sex. Then a bell 66 and you move to another person and start chatting again. By the end of the evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women!

If, by the end of a conversation, you 67 the person or would like to see him or her again, you write it 68 on a card. Then, if the other person also fancies you, the organizers will contact you with their details. But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and 69 if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that 70 can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is 71 speed dating is all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone.

And what about romance? Is it possible to make a good 72 in such a short time? 73 , people say you can?t hurry love. However, Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date.

So, if you are on a 74 to find Mr. or Miss Right, what have you got to lose?

75 , you still go home on your own. But at best, the person of your dreams could be just three minutes away.

61. A. off B. across C. over D. through

62. A. requires B. inquires C. revolves D. involves

63. A. partners B. spouses C. friends D. counterparts

64. A. practical B. popular C. favorable D. normal

65. A. all in one B. one after one C. one on one D. one and all

66. A. knocked B. shaken C. swung D. rung

67. A. attract B. enjoy C. chase D. fancy

68. A. down B. off C. up D. back

69. A. work on B. work out C. work at D. work up

70. A. emotion B. sentiment C. chemistry D. attachment

71. A. how B. what C. all D. where

72. A. conclusion B. reflection C. guess D. judgment

73. A. In all B. After all C. Of all D. And all

74. A. tour B. route C. direction D. mission

75. A. At last B. At first C. At worst D. At end

Paper Two

(60 minutes)

Part I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each section)

Section A

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

An ecosystem is a group of animals and plants living in a specific region and interacting with one another and with their physical environment. Ecosystems include physical and chemical components, such as soils, water, and nutrients that support the organisms living there. These organisms may range from large animals to microscopic bacteria. Ecosystems also can be thought of as the interactions among all organisms in a given area; for instance, one species may serve as food for another. People are part of the ecosystems where they live and work. Human activities can harm or destroy local ecosystems unless actions such as land development for housing or businesses are carefully planned to conserve and sustain the ecology of the area.

Section B

Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. 全球化作为一种新的经济和社会发展趋势，给中国带来了机遇，也带来了挑战。一方面，中国正成为世界制造业中心并在国际舞台上发挥着日益重要的作用；另一方面，我们也面临着如何在全球化进程中既要发展经济，又能传承优秀文化传统的问题。

Part II Writing (30 minutes, 15 pints)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words. Your composition should be based on the following two questions after you have read the story given in Chinese. Please remember to write your composition clearly on the COMPOSITION SHEET.

1. What do you think about the story?

2. What do you learn from it?

第二稿

英国史学家卡莱尔经过多年的伏案，写成了《法国大革命史》的全部文稿。那时候没有电脑，一切都得用手来完成，而且难得有“备份”。卡莱尔写完后的第一件事，就是将它交给最信任的好友米尔去完善。

然而就在第二天，手稿被米尔家的女佣当作废纸丢进了火炉！而且，更糟糕的是，为了保持书房的整洁，卡莱尔每写完一章，随手把原来的笔记、草稿撕碎。可以想见卡莱尔当时的心情，但他很快就平静下来，反而安慰伤心的米尔：“没关系，就当我作文交给老师批阅，老师说‘这篇不行，重写一次吧，你可以写得更好！’”

卡莱尔再起炉灶，重写这部巨著。如今人们读到的《法国大革命史》，就是他的第二稿。这一稿的质量，无论文字上还是内涵上，都达到了卡莱尔写作的巅峰。

同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语（英语）水平全国统一考试

2010年英语真题答案及解析

Key to 2010 English Test

Paper One

Part I Dialogue Communication (10 points)

Section A

1. C

解析：A: 你能在这儿替我一会儿吗？我有个朋友要来看我。A项“我怎么做? ”。B项“好吧！”。C项“我正在忙。”D项“那不可能。”根据B 回答的后半句，“你问问皮特吧，他现在不忙”可以判断出他想让A问问皮特能不能帮他。故答案为C。

2. B

解析：A: 接外线只需要在电话号码前加拨0，或者如果你愿意的话，我可以帮你接通。B说：不用，谢谢你。A项“帮我接通吧。”。B项“我自己试试。”。C项“我宁愿不这样。”。D项“感谢你的帮助。”由B所说可知，他不让接线员帮他接线。故答案为B。

3. A

解析：A: 现在就是工作，工作，不停地工作。我整天都在努力工作，天天如此。可以看出，A在抱怨工作。B在回答时，应该先劝慰。A项“别抱怨了。”。B项“听到这个很难过。”。C项“我可以为你做些什么吗? ”。D项“你的计划是什么呢？”。四个选项中只有A项符合口语交际的表达习惯。故答案为A。

4. B

解析：A: 帕米拉，你周五能来开会吗？B回答的后半句：让我看看我的日程表。你们什么时候开？A项“这没什么大不了的。”。B项“我不确定。”。

C 项“我能吗? ”。D项“没问题。”。从B的回答可以看出，她并不能确定自己能否参与，故答案为B。

5. C

解析：A: 我快烦死了，销售员不停地给我打电话。A项“我希望不是什么严重的问题。”。B项“他们真愚蠢。”。C项“我也是，太烦了。”。D 项“你是对的，算了吧。”。C项是同意对方观点的表述，符合英文表达习惯。故答案为C。

Section B

6. D

解析：男士：我算过了。从这开车去芝加哥大概要5个小时。女士：坐火车去将会很惬意。但我想我们得看我们的开支情况。女士的话暗示了自己开车去芝加哥会比较便宜。故答案为D。

7. B

解析：男士：你上周的考试怎么样？女士：如果我有更多的时间，我会成功的。由此可知，上周她考试考得并不好。分析四个选项可知，只有B符合题意。故答案为B。

8. A

解析：男士：你决定上哈佛还是州立大学？女士：我宁做鸡头不做凤尾。由此可知，她是想上较差一些的州立大学。故答案为A。

9. C

解析：男士：我找到了一个好地方开商店。女士：但是你还没有做市场调查。你不觉得你把这件事本末倒置了吗？女士的话就是说男士应该先做市场调查再选店址，而他却把做事的顺序颠倒了。故答案为C。

10. B

解析：女士：我的成绩还不错，因为我运气很好。男士说：不，你在团队中是出类拔萃的。由男士的话可知，女士要远比别人优秀。故答案为B。

Part II Vocabulary (10 points)

Section A

11. C

【解析】purposefully有目的地，坚决地。desperately绝望地，不顾一切地，拼命地，猛烈地。definitely明确地，确切地，肯定地。deliberately故意地，慎重地。decisively决然地，果断地。deliberately在文中表示“故意地”与purposefully同义。故答案为C。

【句意】贝蒂很生气，因为她觉得在聚会上她的朋友们有意冷落她。

12. B

【解析】get down to开始着手做某事。make a deal成交。begin our work开始工作。reach an agreement达成协议，达成一致。change our plan改变我们的计划。故答案为B。

【句意】已经玩得差不多了，我们开始进入正题吧。

13. D

【解析】convert转变，转化。develop发展，开发。alter常指轻微的改变，强调基本上保持原物、原状的情况下所进行的部分改变。modify强调起限

定作用的变化或变更，指细小的变化，常含“缓和，降调”的意味。turn 转变，指外形、颜色、气昧、性质等方面的变化。故答案为D。

【句意】我们的身体怎么可能将昨天的午餐转化为今天的肌肉呢?

14. C

【解析】observe 遵守，奉行，观察，监视。notice注意。watch看。follow 跟腿，沿着。celebrate庆祝。这里observe的意思是“遵守”，故答案为C。【句意】当孩子们逐渐长大，遵循家庭传统是很重要的。

15. A

【解析】interpretation解释，阐明。explanation说明，解释。evaluation评价，估算。recognition认出，识别，承认。interruption打扰，干扰，中止。故答案为A。

【句意】虽然这很难理解，但是你所看到、闻到、听到、感觉到的东西仅仅是大脑对于(外界)剌激的阐释(反映)。

16. C

【解析】commitment 献身，工作承担，许诺，承诺。appointment 约会，任命，委派。arrangement安排。obligation责任，义务。devotion 奉献，现身。根据题意，commitment在句中表示“工作承担”的意思，这与obligation 同义。故答案为C。

【句意】生活的重要性绝不仅仅只是源于我们工作及其它事务中的压力和重担。

17. A

【解析】at stake在危险中。in danger处于危险中。without question 毫无疑问。on guard提防，警惕。at large 详尽地，普遍地，逍遥法外。in danger 与at stake 同义，表示“在危险中”故答案为A。

【句意】如果你继续沉溺于电脑游戏，那么你的未来将会非常危险。

18. A

【解析】as opposed to和……相反，与……相对比。in contrast to与……形成对比，与……相比。in regard to关于，至于。in terms of 根据。in light of 按照，根据。as opposed to与in contrast to同义，故答案为A。【句意】浪漫主义小说不同于现实主义的小说，它总是描述理想生活并最终以皆大欢喜结尾。

19. D 【解析】surpass胜过，优于，超过。improve提高，改善。precede 先于。impose把…强加于。exceed超过，胜过。只有exceed表示“超过”故答案为D。

【句意】虽然我们这代人在知识方面超过以往任何时代，但在智慧上却没有什么突破，这一观点为大多数人所接受。

20. C

【解析】disturbing烦扰的。offensive冒犯的，进攻的。depressive沮丧的。troublesome令人烦恼的，讨厌的，棘手的，麻烦的。tiresome令人厌倦的。故答案为C。

【句意】如今，许多学生在选择学校和职业时，会有一种意愿干扰他们的选择，那就是：能否有好的收入潜质。

Section B

21. C

【解析】extended长期的，持久的，延伸的，延长的。enlarged 扩大，放大。expanded展开的，扩充的。“延长的假期“用extended，故答案为C。【句意】我的大儿子在移居到另一个州﹑换一份新工作并开始人生的新篇章之前，刚刚休完一段长假。

22. A

【解析】make up弥补，组成占据(一般表示“占有的比例，份额”)；take up 拿起：占据(一般表示“占有的时间、占据的空间”); reach out伸出，追求；turn out结果是，证明是，关掉。故答案为A。

【句意】虽然黑人和印第安人占美国总人口的28%左右，但在前30名的商学院中却只占不到10%。

23. B

【解析】emerging economies新兴经济体；employing雇佣，使用；embracing 拥抱；emitting发出，放出；emerging新兴的。故答案为B。【句意】在需求不断增长的新兴经济体中，如中国和印度，能源商认为石油期货交易值得一试。

24. D

【解析】in honor of为纪念；in memory of纪念，为纪念；in return for酬谢，作为......的回报；in line with与……一致，符合。故答案为D。【句意】每

个国家法律法规的制定必须严格依照该国的宪法。

25. A

【解析】verdict法律用词，指审判后判定有罪，但未作最后判决；sentence 法律用词，指根据罪犯所犯罪行的轻重而宣判处罚；trail追踪；debate辩论。故答案为A。

【句意】陪审团的判定是被告有罪。

26. B

【解析】vertical垂直的；vicious恶毒的，恶意的，凶残的，剧烈的，严重的；vivid生动的，栩栩如生的；vigorous 精力充沛的，有力的。故答案为B。

【句意】在英语学习的过程当中，学生由于犯错而被批评之后会犯更多的错误，这就导致了恶性循环。

27. A

【解析】cool酷；crazy疯狂的；cold冷的；cute可爱的，聪明的。故答案为A。

【句意】学一些你以前不知道的东西难道不是很酷?

28. D

【解析】resort to诉诸于，求助于，凭借；appeal to对……产生吸引力，呼吁，恳求，申诉；apply to申请，运用于；contribute to有助于，促成。故答案为D。

【句意】一些因素促成了促销活动的迅速增多，在消费市场方面尤为突出。

29. D

【解析】at a speed beyond超过人们预期的速度。故答案为D。

【句意】互联网在过去的二十年以超出人们想象的速度迅速发展。

30. B

【解析】lay off解雇；lay out展示，摆出；put off推迟；put out 扑灭。故答案为B。

【句意】很明显，体育运动不再是业余项目，而是作为一种专业项目展示的。

Part III Reading Comprehension (30 points)

Passage One 31. B

由“Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking（戒烟）can also grow like infections within social groups infection”可知，快乐也可以传染，与题干spread对应。故答案为B。

32. A

由“The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression. ”可知，研究内容又进行了拓展，而最容易混淆的B选项中却说本实验涵盖5000人，而原文中是more than5000。故答案为A。

33. A

由第七段“Lonely people become...that society will reject them. ”可知，孤独导致人越来越难交到朋友，A正确。文中只是说女性比男性更容易感到孤独，但并不是说在女性中孤独就普遍存在了，故B不合适。C明显排除。D项也可以从第四段中最后一句话排除，即“孤独感容易在密友较少的人中传播”而不是说它会破坏亲密友人之间的友谊。故答案为A。

34. C

由“The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a years. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. ”可知，拥有一个孤独的朋友，孤独感会增加。故答案为C。

35. C

由“He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks”（被推到社会边缘的人应该得到帮助来修复他们的社会关系网）可知，孤独会影响到社会关系网。故答案为C。

36. A

根据第一段的主旨句“...a study says it can also spread.”故答案为A。

[参考译文]

孤独感会引发(be linked to: lead to, to cause, to arouse)抑郁症以及其它疾病。而现如今，一项研究表明孤独感也会传染(spread: infect)。孤独人士的朋友有52%可能会产生(develop: bring about, generate, produce)孤独感。同时，这个朋友的朋友有25%的可能会有相同感觉。早期的发现表明(show: indicate):幸福、肥胖以及戒烟的能力会像传染病一样在社会群体内传播。这些发现

都出自一项在美国马萨诸塞州的弗雷明汉镇展开的主要健康研究。

这项旨在调查(investigate: survey, look into, inquiry)心脏病起因的研究开始于(begin: start, originate)1948年。从那时开始，更多的试验被列入(add: include, contain)其中，包括孤独感和抑郁症关系的测定。

这项新发现调查涉及(involve) 5000多人，这些人都是弗雷明汉镇心脏病研究受众的子女。研究人员调查(examine: investigate, survey, look into, inquiry)了他们的友谊史以及孤独感的记录。研究建立(establish: set ,up, construct, build up, constitute, found)了一个模式(pattern: mode)——孤独感在仅拥有较少朋友的人当中传播。

比如：孤独感会影响(affect, influence, impact)邻里之间的关系。当曾经是亲密友人的邻居逐渐疏远时，孤独感会蔓延。研究还表明，比起男人，孤独感更容易在女性中传播开。

来自于芝加哥大学、哈佛大学以及圣地亚哥加州大学的研究人员进行了(do: conduct, perform)这项研究。研究结果于上个月发表(appear: publish, issue, put out)在《人格与社会心理》杂志(journal: magazine)上。

据说，普通人一年有48天会有(experience: have, go throw, undergo) 孤独感。研究发现，拥有(have: own, possess)一个孤独的朋友孤独感会增加17天。但是，每多一个朋友，可以消除(decrease: remove) 5%或者是两天半的孤独感。

孤独的人变得越来越不信任其他人。这让他们交朋友(make friends)变得越来越难——而这个社会也更有可能与他们格格不入。

来自于芝加哥大学的约翰·卡乔波是这项研究的领头(lead: head, command, guide)人。他说，认识(recognize: know, realize)并处理好孤独感是很重要的。他认为曾被社会所孤立的人们应该接受(receive: accept)帮助来修复(repair: restore, renovate)他们的社会关系(network: relationship)。

他的目标应该是积极(aggressively)创建他所称的用来抵制(against)孤独的“防护栏”(protective barrier)。他说，防护栏可以保护（keep，prevent)整个社会关系不会瓦解(come apart: collapse, go to pieces)。

Passage Two

37. D

由“... That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online. He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.”可知，电子书首先由加州州长支持使用。故答案为D。

38. A

由“And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.”可知，电子书能够省钱。而干扰项D项意为：可以减轻学生沉重的负担。由“They lighten the load of school bags.”可知，指的是重量上的减轻，电子的代替传统的书本，而使得学生书包变轻了，并非指精神负担。故答案为A。

39. A

由“Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.”可知，受过培训的老师支持电子书。故答案为A。

40. B

由“The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them.”可知，基金会聘请老师以及教育专家来编写这些教科书。故答案为B。

41. C

由“Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them.”可以得出答案。A很有干扰性，原文中“...she does not expect widespread use right away.”是指她并未期望能立即应用Digital Textbook Initiative，并不能代表它不能被广泛应用。故答案为C。

42. B

由“Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.”可知，使用电子书其实也不是免费的。故答案为B。

[参考译文]

加利福尼亚有一个新的项目(project: program)——电子(digital: electronic)教科书计划。州长(governor)阿诺德·施瓦辛格在六月份谈到(talk about: talk of, speak of)他在让学校使用免费的在线资料方面所做的努力(effort: hard working)时说“从今年秋天的高中数学和科学开始，我们将会是国内首个为学校提供(provide, supply, offer)经过州审(approve:check, examine, verify, go through)的电子教科书目的州。”他列举了他之所以认为电子教科书是有意义的原因。

加利福尼亚州每六年审核一次传统(traditional: conventional)教科书。而电子教科书能提供最新的(latest: lately, updated, up-to-date)信息。它们减轻(lighten)了书包的重量。电子教科书节省(save)纸张，节省了木材的耗费，使学习变得更加的有趣且更具互动性(interactive)。而最重要的是，它们为学校节省了开支。

由于严重的(severe: crucial, serious)金融问题(financial problems), 州政府不得不严格减缩(cut: reduce, decrease, lower, lessen)学校的开支(spending: expense, expenditures, pay)。超过六百万的学生进入(attend: enter, enroll)加利福尼亚公立学校(public schools)读书。

今年早些时候，加利福尼亚邀请内容开发员为高中生提供数学和科学的电子材料。这些材料需要满足该州至少(at least) 90%的学习需求(requirement: need, demand, desire)。经过特殊训练的教师检查了16本教科书，批准了其中的10本。

这其中的十分之六(six of the ten)都是由CK12基金会出版(publish: develop, explore)的，这是一家两年来一直致力于科学和数学这两个科目电子书研发的非盈利(nonprofit)机构。基金会聘请老师以及教育专家来编写这些教科书。所需要的花费是由考斯拉家族赞助(finance: sponsor)的。

加利福尼亚州无法要求(require: order, command)学校使用电子教科书。各区学校会做出自己的决定。

加利福尼亚教育部官员苏珊·马尔蒂默说，她并不指望(expect: home, wish, look forward to, desire, long for)这些教科书会被立即(right away: immediately)广泛(widespread)使用。她推测(guess: presume, assume, predict, suppose)的最好情况，是几所拥有大量技术的学校能首先使用它们，但只是作为传统教科书的补充(in addition to)。

学校管理层指出(point out: indicate)，尽管电子教科书可以免费在线获取，但是学生们需要途径(access)去接触到它们。并非每一个人都有电脑或者电子阅读器。学校能够打印出一些，但是这对环境又有不利影响。同时，培训(train: teach, instruct, educate, coach, tutor)教师去熟练(effectively: proficiently, masterly)使用电子书也是一笔花费。

Passage Three

43. A 文章第一段直接提出超重的问题，后面的段落则围绕这一问题展开讨论，提出解决办法。故答案为A。

44. B

通过文章第一段可知，the expanding problems 指的就是obesity 和overweight。故答案为B。

45. D

文章第二段用了两个例子(1. Mr. Pickwick; 2. 18th century paintings)做对比，说明以前的plump and happy的形象，在现在已经被心脏病和中风的风险所取代。故引出的Mr. Pickwick就是过去的一个plump and happy的形象。46. D

由“He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease.”可知，体育锻炼才是降低超重、癌症和心脏病等疾病风险的关键。故答案为D。

47. B

由“...gyms ‘are not making the nation fit’, and may cause harm. ”可知，在健身房中锻炼不仅不能使让人们健康，甚至会造成伤害。故答案为B。

48. D

最后一段要我们听从专家的建议，增加我们日常生活中的运动量，比如提前一站下车步行回家。接着又引出我们父辈的例子来说明，只要我们在生活中坚持适量的运动，我们就会像他们一样更瘦更健康。故答案为D。

[参考译文]

英国的医生提醒(warn: remind)人们，当那些体重已经超重(overweight: obesity)的孩子长大(grow up)以后，警惕“肥胖”这一定时炸弹(time bomb)。那我们应该做些什么？多运动？少吃饭？亦或是两者兼顾？英国政府觉得应当为这一不断扩大(expanding)的问题负起责任(take responsibility for)。

狄更斯小说当中的主人公快乐的(cheerful: delight, joyful, merry)匹克威克先生被塑造(illustration: drawing, cartoon, diagram, picture, sketch, painting, portrait)成一个胖嘟嘟又很开心的角色。在18世纪，画中的美人都被赋予丰满的(round: plump)体态和柔美的曲线(curve)。而现如今，体重超重却不再被视为快乐或是美丽，而是罹患心脏病和中风的风险。

那么你该如何应对？节食吗？英国政府首席医疗官利亚姆·唐纳森先生并

不这么认为。他说，体育锻炼(physica1 exercise)才是减少超重、癌症以及心脏病风险(risk: venture)的关键(key: main point)。卫生大臣约翰·里德甚至说，怠惰(inactive)就像吸烟一样，是引发心脏病的危险因素(factor: e1ement)。

因此，如果巳经买了一些健身器材，你的运动量是多少呢？亚姆·唐纳森先生说，每周五次至少三十分钟的中等强度(moderate: temperate, mild, modest)的活动。可以去健身房锻炼吗？那些发现跑步机很乏味的(tedious: dull)人们是很幸运的。英国卫生发展局认为，融入(fit into)到人们生活中的运动才更有效果。他们建议以爬楼梯（take the stairs)取代电梯：沿着扶梯向上走(walk up)；和孩子们玩一些竞技类游戏(active games)；跳跳舞或者种种花(gardening)。运动心理学家(sports psychologist)比德尔教授认为，健身房“不但不能让人们保持健康(fit: healthy)”，甚至会带来危害(harm: danger, damage, hazard, threat, risk)。

有新的科学证据表明，过多的(too much: excessive)运动其实是有害的(bad: harmful)。阿尔斯特大学的科学家们发现不平常的(unaccustomed)运动会释放(release: liberate,charge ... from)危险的自由基(free radicals)，对不健康的人群的正常身体机能(function)有不良影响。只有经过长期(on a regular basis: long-term, long period)训练的运动员，才可以让他们的身体经受得了那种高水平的运动。

那么，我们是不是应该忘记健身房，并按照(follow: abbey, keep, adapt)专家们的建议在日常生活中进行锻炼呢？毕竟提前一站下车然后步行剩下的路不会有半点危害！最后再想想，为何过去的人们缺乏(lack: short)健身设施，却比现在的人们苗条(lean: slim)，比现在的人们健康呢？

Passage Four

49. A

由“It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects.”可知，metaphor 指比较两个不同物体所具备的相同性质。故答案为A。

50. D

本题可先用排除法直接将A、B 两项排除；C项中的ambiguous 是“模棱两可，模糊不清”的意思，而本文并没有说到metaphor具有这样的性质。故答案为D。51. B

本文用“Love is a rose.”这个例子来展现诗人为什么要使用metaphor。从文章的倒数第二句可知，这四个简简单单的字却涵盖了14个句子的意思。足以说明metaphor是rich in meaning的。故答案为B。

52. C

文章最后一段however之后就提到了thorns，“Rose have thorns. The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky.”可知，玫瑰的美好代表了爱情的美好，而同时玫瑰的刺却暗含了爱情可以是很伤人的。故答案为C。

53. D

结合上题的分析可知，爱情和玫瑰一样都是有好的一面，也有不好的一面。故答案为D。

54. C

通过文章第一段的最后两句可知，诗人写文章就是通过文字表达他们对于事物的感觉、感受以及想法，从而让其他的人们，也就是他们的读者有同样的感觉、感受和想法。

[参考译文]

隐喻是一种用于比较(comparison: metaphor, simile)的修饰手法。它用于比较(compare)两个不同对象的相似(similar: like, alike, same) 特点(quality: trait, type, property, feature, characteristic, nature)。一个简单的(simple: uncomplicated, plain)隐喻就可以使一个对象变成(become: turn into, change into)另外一个，如：爱情是一朵玫瑰。虽然这个隐喻看似并无非常广泛的含义，但是它却能够表现某一特定事物丰富特点，因此，它的使用率远远高于其也的修辞手法。这是因为诗人创作(compose: construct, create)诗歌来表达(express: imply, indicate, show)他们当时(at that moment)的情感历程。所以诗人所理解的爱情与我们认知(perception: comprehension, understanding, awareness, appreciation)的可能相同，也可能不同。因此(therefore: so, as a result)，诗人要做的就是让我们体会他所经历过的，了解他所感受到的。让我们分析(analyze: examine, dissect)一下关于(concerning: regards, regarding)爱情如玫瑰这个非常简单的隐喻，来看看它有什么含义。由于诗人使用了一个含有玫瑰的比喻，首先(first: above all, first of all, firstly, for one thing, in the first instance, in the first place)我们必须看看玫瑰有什么特

征。玫瑰外表(appearance: image, impression, face) 美丽，花瓣柔软，芬芳怡人(pleasing: enjoyable, delightful, satisfying)，可以说玫瑰的确是视觉、触觉、嗅觉的一场盛宴。玫瑰外观近乎完美(perfection)，每一片花瓣形状看起来都是对称的(symmetrical: balanced, regular, symmetric)。这不就是爱情应该具备的吗？恋爱中的人感觉棒极了，似乎一切都很完美(perfect: flawless, faultless, excellent)。然而，玫瑰的比喻还有另外一个方面——玫瑰有刺——诗人想传达(convey: communicate, transmit)玫瑰也是棘手的这一思想(idea: concept, opinion)。这个隐喻告诉我们爱情也是这样。当一个人用绝对的(absolute)信任去伸手触及(reaches out)他或她所爱之物，哎哟，刺会给你带来很大的伤害(suffering)！“小心”隐喻提醒(warn: alert, notice, notify)人们——爱情很美好，但它也会给我们打击和伤害，并带来(cause: lead to, result in)刻骨铭心的(acute: intense, fierce, severe)痛苦(suffering: pain) 。这就是诗人对爱情的理解(perception: understanding, awareness, appreciation, recognition)——都是劝告(admonition: advice, caution)。隐喻的意义是什么呢？那就是：用区区四个字来表达需要近14句话来阐明(clarify: simplify, clear, explain clearly)的道理，而这就是隐喻的艺术价值与乐趣(joy: success)之所在。

Passage Five

55. A

由每段的段首句可知，本文描写医学数据未来的发展状况，故答案为A。

56. D

由“But putting people’s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. ”可知，将病人的健康数据录入到网上并非是降低冗余的过程，答案定位在它的下一句，即“It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care. ”与D中的change对应。故答案为D。

57. C

由“...and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors. ”可知，很多病人在社会网站上分享关于近况、治疗、医生的信息。故答案为C。

58. B 由“With greater access to individualized health information--whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician... ”可知，A，C，D三项都有涉及。故答案为B。

59. C

由“And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead of sending a text message or e-mail to their car provider ... ”句中的skip为“跳过”的意思，而C项的leave out也是“省去”的意思，故答案为C。60. D

第五段中“Although the majority of U.S. hospitals...and some even have partial access to them.”（虽然大部分美国医院和诊所都在努力着手改变，但是许多病人已经有电子医疗记录，甚至有些人己有一些权利使用这些记录。）强调的是后面转折的内容，故答案为D。

[参考译文]

两千三百多万的美国居民有望(be expected to)成为今后几年美国医疗改革的长期(regular)用户，这多亏了医疗改革方案的通过。医疗资料数字化已成为一种解决方案，以帮助严重负荷的系统来管理(manage)快速增加的病人。但是将病人的健康信息状况输入数据库互联网，将不仅仅是简单地减少冗繁的信息。这己然转变了我们寻求(seek)及获得(receive)医疗保健的方式。Eclipsys公司(company: firm, enterprise, business) (医疗信息科技公司)的副总约翰·戈麦斯说：“医疗保健的社会动态正在改变(change: alter, transfer, switch, convert)。”他指出，许多病人也许不愿在Facebook 网上分享他们最近的CT扫描影像(image: reflection)，但是有许多家长公布(post: inform)孩子的超声波影像，而且现在无数的(countless:innumerable, unlimited)病人在社会网站上分享关于近况、治疗(treatment: therapy, cure, remedy)、医生的信息。

随着获取个人健康信息途径(access: approach, way)的增多——不论这些途径是通过正式的(formal: conventional)电子医疗记录，还是建立的个人健康记录(record)亦或是来自医生的快速即时信息诊疗——医生与病人的传统职责(role: part, function)正经历(undergo: experience) 着快速(rapid: quick, hasty, fast)转变(transition: conversion, change, transfer,transformation)。

耶鲁医疗信息学中心的医生和研究员(fellow)昵图·卡施亚普说：“我们早就知道医疗保健已是‘我去看医生，他们告诉我怎么做我就怎么做’。”很快，很多病人将去医院或诊所检查(review: observe, examine)病例、最新化验(test: verify)结果和关于他们健康的推荐(recommend: advise, suggest)用品(article)。更多人则会完全(altogether: wholly, entirely, total1y, thoroughly)跳过(skip)看(visit: drop in)医生，而是发一条短信或电子邮件给他们的私人医生，或者是通过咨询(consult: confer)个人健康记录或应用(application: petition)智能手机来回答他们的问题。

由于全国己经开始更替为电子医疗记录，所以巩固(strengthen: intensify, heighten, harden)了这些转变(change: transform)。虽然大部分美国医院和诊所都在努力(struggle: battle, fight)着手改变，但是许多病人已经有电子医疗记录，甚至有些人己有一些权力使用这些记录。在克利夫兰诊所，这个位于达拉斯德克萨斯大学西南医学中心和其他医疗基地。这个诊所使用的“我的图标”是一个网络门户。通过这个网络门户可以看见病人的基本(basic: fundamental, primary)医疗信息和（as well as: and)其它化验结果。

医疗数据正获得(get: receive, gain, obtain)新的数字生活，并正开启一项正如戈麦斯所说的“如何提供(provide: supply, give)医疗保健的根本性变化。”

Part IV Cloze (15 points)

61. B

解析：sweep across席卷，强调范围广。故答案为B。

62. D

解析：require需要，要求；inquire询问，查究；revolve旋转；involve 包含，使陷入。故答案为D。

63. A

解析：根据上下文先排除C、D两项。而spouse是“配偶”的意思，也不符合题目要求。故答案为A。

64. B

解析：根据语境，speed dating应该是变得很流行的，故答案为B。

65. C

解析：all in one 一致，合而为一，同时one after one一个接着一个；one on one一对一的：one and all大家，所有的人。根据上下文分析，每一对男女有三分钟的时间可以面对面地交谈，三分钟铃响之后，又会换一个对象。故在三分钟之内，是一对一的交流，故答案为C。

66. D

解析：铃声响起用rang，故答案为D。

67. D

解析：attract吸引；enjoy享受；chase追求；fancy喜爱。根据原文内容的需要，可以判断出fancy是正确答案。故答案为D。

68. A

解析：“写下某事”为write sth. down。故答案为A。

69. B

解析：work on对......起作用，企图影响、说服；work out成功；work at从事，用功，致力于；work up逐渐造成，引起，激发。根据原文可知，此处应为work out。故答案为B。

70. C

解析：emotion情绪；sentiment感情；chemistry指两个人之间强烈的相互吸引的感觉：attachment依恋。故答案为C，这里chemistry 是一个非常地道的用法。

71. B

根据句意判断，这里选择what。

72. D

解析：conclusion结果，结论；ref1ection反映；guess猜测；judgment判断。根据上下文可知，应选judgment。

73. B

解析：in all总计，共计；after all毕竟；C 、D 两项在英语中都没有这样的表达。分析句子逻辑关系，可知after all是正确答案。

74. D

解析：on a mission to do sth. 肩负着......的重任。故答案为D。

75. C

句子的意思是“你会有什么损失呢？最差也不过是自己一个人回家罢了”故答案为C。

Key to 2010 English Test

Paper Two

Part I Translation (20 points)

Section A

[参考译文]

生态系统就是一个动植物群体，这个群体生活在特定区域，而且彼此之间以及与它们的环境之间相互影响。生态系统包括物理的和化学的成分，例如，土壤、水以及供给有机体生活的养分。这些有机体中既有巨型动物也有小的微生物细菌。生态系统也可以被看做是特定区域中所有有机体的互动：例如，一个物种可能是另外一个物种的食物。人类也是他们生活和工作的生态系统的一部分。人类的活动会伤及甚至破坏当地的生态系统，除非诸如用于住房或商业发展的土地政策认真地考虑了去保护和维持当地的生态系统。

Section B

[参考译文]

As a new trend of economic and social development, globalization has brought opportunities as well as challenges to China. On one hand, China is becoming the centre of the world manufacture industry and is playing increasingly important role in the international stage. On the other hand, we are facing the problem on how to develop the economy and sustain the excellent cultural tradition in the course of globalization.

Part II Writing (15 points)

[参考范文1]

The Value of Failure

In the above story, the writer is really a great man. He paid a lot to finish writing the draft of his masterpiece; however, the draft was destroyed because of other?s carelessness. Facing thepainful result, the writer kept his high spirits instead of losing his heart. He was so confident totreat the failure and never gave up, which impressed me most.

We should learn from this great writer. It is true that life is full of difficulties and setbacks. What should we do when we are faced with something disappointing? From my perspective, on one hand, we should not get frustrated. On the other hand, we should try our best to draw lessons from failure. Only in this way will we achieve success in the future.

In a word, let?s remember the old saying “Failure is the mother of success”. When we suffer failure, we should believe that success is not far away. If we hold a positive attitude towards failure, we will overcome difficulties and frustrations to win easily.

[参考范文2]

Confidence is most important

In the above story, the writer was very confident when he met the big trouble. It is because of his confidence that encouraged him to write the book again and finally his second version got greater success. From this story, I infer that confidence is so important for thesuccess.

In my opinion, I think confidence is very important for the success. For one thing, your confidence will encourage you to face the difficulties or failures more bravely instead of giving up, such as the writer in the above story. For another,your confidence will make you learn more from the failures or difficulties, which will benefit for your future efforts and success.

From what has discussed above, confidence is very important. Therefore, when we encounter some difficulties or failures, we should be confident and try our best to overcome them and then we will achieve the success.

2015同等学力英语真题及解析

2013年（第六版大纲）英语要求一词汇：掌握约6000个英语词汇和约700个常用词组。对6000个词汇中的2800个左右的积极词汇要求熟练掌握，即能在口语交际和写作中准确地运用；其余词汇则要求能在阅读、语篇完型填空和英译汉等中识别和理解。二题型：分试卷一和试卷二试卷一考试分数占75分值考试时间100分钟 1 口语交际 10道题 10分 2 词汇 10道题 10分 3 阅读理解 25道题 25分 4 完型填空 10道题 10分 5 短文完成 20道题 20分

试卷二考试分数占25分值考试时间50分钟 6 英译汉 100词左右 10分 7 写作不少于150词 15分 2015年同等学力英语真题解析英语试卷一 Paper One (100minutes) Part I Oral Communication (15 minutes，10 points) 命题规律：规律一：把握语篇关系（词汇、句子、篇章基础之上的综合能力）（1）逻辑关系：转折、条件、因果等。（2）语义走向：句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间、或者分句与分句之间的关系。会出现没有任何连接词，但具有某种语义关系的情况。比如，表示态度色彩的褒贬语义走向，表示支持或是反对的语义走向，表示顺承、递进、解释、说明、强调的语义走向。规律二：把握场景语境（固定用语是重点考查对象）具体场景：对话、旅游、就餐、图书馆、邀请、道歉、恭贺、支持等。

规律三：把握句型结构（疑问句、感叹句、强调句、倒装句）。解题方法：第一步：抓住谈话双方的身份具体有：师生之间、父女之间、夫妻之间、图书管理员与学生之间、医生病人之间、来电者与接线员之间、服务员与就餐者之间。第二步：读懂首句的关键词第三步：分析空格前后线索同义词、反义词反复出现；逻辑关系；固定搭配与特殊句型。第四步：代入空格通读检查。 Section A Directions：In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A，B and C，taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 总体印象：

2015同等学力申硕英语真题及参考答案(1)

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