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高考非谓语动词练习题及答案

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1．224. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ behind his back.

A．being mopped B．having tied C．to be tied D．tied

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：那个谋杀犯被带了进来，手被捆在背后。with的宾语his hands与动词tie构成被动的关系，故使用过去分词。故选D。

2．The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.

A．starting B．being started

C．to start D．to be started

【答案】A

【解析】

选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。

第四步：根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态

非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.-ing形式/不定式的完成式；如果同时进行用v.-ing形式或不定式的进行式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后用不定式的一般式。

3．Young people may risk deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.

A．to go B．to have gone

C．going D．having gone

【答案】C

【解析】

risk意为冒……的危险，用法为risk doing something，冒险干某事，因此排除AB, D项中额having done意为已经干了某事，与此处句意不符，因此选择C项，句意为，如果年轻人每天都暴露在非常吵闹的音乐声中，他们可能有耳朵失聪的危险。

【考点定位】考察动词用法。

4．Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _____the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad.

A．Attend B．To attend C．Attending D．Having attended 【答案】C

【解析】

主句 .Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad.

Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning非谓语动词作伴随状语。

5．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.

A．to be heard B．to have heard

C．hearing D．being heard

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定式的被动语态形式。句意：孩子们在饭桌旁如此大声地说话，以致于我不得不努力使得自己被听到。“struggle to do sth”意思是努力做某事；“hear”和其逻辑主语“I”之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。故选A。

6．________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.

A．Having eaten B．To eat

C．Eat D．Eating

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：分析句子结构可知，主句主语为Tina，前半句为从句，应该用非谓语动词作状语，故排除C。不定与主要表目的和将来，故排除B。主句主语和eat之间为主动关系，且eat这个动作发生在主句动作之前，故要用现在分词完成时表示。故选A。

考点：考查非谓语动词作状语

7．________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A．Working out B．Worked out

C．To work out D．Work out

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell教授咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选C。

【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语？

1）目的状语。To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……) 如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。如：What have I said to make you angry？我说什么让您生气了？He searched the room only to find nothing.他搜查了房间什么也没找到。

3) 表原因。如：I'm sorry to hear your father is ill听说你父亲病了很难过。

考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。

【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014年四川卷第7题相似— Good idea.To find more about it, visit this website.这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动的关系，动词不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构，能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可以轻松解题。

8．________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

A．Understanding B．To be understood

C．Being understood D．Having understood

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）均可作主语，区别在于不定式常表示将来，是特指；而动名词表示一般情况，是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象，属泛指，故用动名词较好。故选A。

9．Tsinghua University,________ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A．found B．founding C．founded D．to be founded

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 建立于1911年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的母校。Tsinghua University和found之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 选C。

10．More highways have been built in China, _____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

A．making B．made C．to make D．having made

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：中国修建了越来越多的高速公路，人们更加方便从一个地点到另外一个地点。空格后面是it，说明是主动关系，排除B；不能选择C的原因是to do作目的状语，不符合句意；根据句意可知，此处是现在分词做结果状语。故选A。

11．Jack wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, ______ no t very popular with all its members.

A．to be considered B．considering C．having considered D．considered

【答案】D

【解析】

考查非谓语动词。句意：杰克没有被任命为委员会主席，考虑到他的所有成员都不太受欢迎。句中主语Jack和动词consider是被动关系指被别人考虑，用过去分词作状语，不用不定式或-ing形式，故选D.

12．Many white collars went back to second and third-tier cities only ______that housing prices there are also jumping, traffic jams increasing and the air becoming dirty.

A．to have found B．found C．to find D．finding

【答案】C

【解析】C考查动词不定式。句意：许多白领回到二、三线城市，却发现那里的房价也在上涨，交通堵塞加剧，空气变得很脏。动词不定式表示现在的结果，用动词不定式的一般式形式，故选C。

13．127．Everything ______ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education at home.

A．having taken B．to be taken C．being taken D．taken

【答案】D

【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意：考虑到一切，她最终决定继续在家接受教育。因为本题逗号前后没有连词，所以逗号前面不能是句子。故使用独立主格结构。因为everything与take into consideration构成被动关系，故使用过去分词的形式。故D正确。【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换。本句="After" everything was taken into consideration.

独立主格结构，是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。在该结构中，名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。在句中作状语，表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随，方式或结果”等含义。其位置比较灵活，放于句首句末均可。

1. 名词（代词）+现在分词

The clock striking twelve, I went to bed.（表原因）

2. 名词（代词）+过去分词

He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast.（表伴随）

3. 名词（代词）+不定式

Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month.（表伴随）

4. 名词（代词）+形容词短语

Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away.（表原因）

5. 名词（代词）+介词短语

Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand.（表方式）

6. 名词（代词）+副词短语

Summer over, the students returned to school.（表原因）

7. 名词（代词）+名词短语

His first shot a failure, Tom fired again.（表原因）

14．The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have _______ right from wrong. A．distinguished B．distinguishing

C．to distinguish D．to be distinguished

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble doing sth是固定词组。The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong在这个句子中，deal with的宾语是trouble，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble这个词的定语从句。

考点：固定用法考查

点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。

15．Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher. A．make B．turn

C．get D．grow

【答案】A

【解析】

考查动词辨析。make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”，是及物动词；turn表示“变成，成为”是不及物动词；get“变成，做成”是不及物动词；grow表示“生长，成长”。根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。”及句式结构可知，此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意，make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。故最佳答案应为A项。

16．If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly ____. A．supposing B．suppose C．to suppose D．supposed

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你去西安，你会发现那里的宫殿比通常想象的要宏伟。补充完成句子是you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly (the palaces are) supposed. the palaces和suppose是被动的关系，省略the palaces are。故选D。

17．The woman, when _______ how her husband was injured, began to cry.

A．asked B．to ask

C．asking D．ask

【答案】A

【解析】

18．Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.

A．to use B．used C．using D．use

【答案】B

【解析】

本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构，所填成分是对主句的补充说明，因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则，判断出use与主语time之间为被动，因此直接得出答案B。句意：时间，如果使用得当的话，就是存在银行里的钱。

19．__________ the housing price, several measures have been adopted in the last two years. A．Lowering B．Having lowered

C．To lower D．To have lowered

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查不定式，不定式表示目的，句子意思“为了降低房子的价格，在过去的两年里一些办法已经被采纳”

考点：考查不定式

点评：动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用。同时还要注意动词不定式的被动语态用法：如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式，如：What is to be done next hasn’t been decided yet.

即学即练：It’s too late. Go to bed right away. Forget you need to get up as early as you can

______ the early train?

A. catch

B. catching

C. caught

D. to catch

选D

20．_______ her before, he didn’t know she was his daughter.

A．Not having seen B．Having not seen

C．Not seeing D．Not to see

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：由于以前没有见过她，他不知道她就是他的女儿。he与see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，而且see这个动作发生在didn’t know之前，应该用现在分词的完成式作原因状语，否定词放在最前面，故A项正确。

【点睛】

本题非谓语表示的动作与谓语之间有明显的先后关系，see这个动作发生在didn’t know之前，应该用现在分词的完成式作原因状语，Not having seen=Because he hadn’t seen her before。

21． in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.

A．Being dressed; pick out B．Dressed; pick out

C．Dressed; be picked out D．Having dressed; pick out

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着……，作状语表状态，故用dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形

式表达被动意思，所以用pick out。故B选项正确。

【点睛】

主动形式表被动意义的不定式

1.主语＋be +adj. +to do。

能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补

足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。

2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。

3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。

4.不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主

动形式表被动概念。

I have a meeting to attend today.

5.There be 句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。

6.在“疑问代词 + 不定式”结构中。

7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。

8. with+O.+to do 结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。

分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确

22．I think it a great honor _____ to visit your country.

A．to invite B．inviting C．having invited D．to be invited

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定式用法。句意：我认为被邀请来访问你们的国家是一件十分荣幸的事情。本句中不定式to be invited to visit your country是真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。故D正确。

【点睛】

本句考查不定式作真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。it作形式宾语，通常和下列动词连用：consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess...。一般说来，当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至

句末。

23．Urban Chinese travelled to 68 countries during the Spring Festival holiday, ________ an average of 6,000 yuan each.

A．spent B．spending

C．to spend D．having spent

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：春节假期期间，中国的城市人去了68个国家旅行，平均每人花费6000元。该句中的逻辑主语Urban Chinese与spend之间是主谓的关系，所以该空需用现在分词。故选B项。

24．_____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time

A．To face B．Faced C．Face D．facing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意为：面对这么多麻烦，我们不能按时完成任务。空格处为状语，前后主语一致都是we ，face的用法为，sb face sth 或者sb be faced with sth，根据题中的with 可知，选B。

25．A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _____your muscles relaxed for over half an hour. A．to leave B．left C．leaving D．leave

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张，至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。分析句子可知，空格处做伴随状语。且与逻辑主语laugh构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。故选C。

26．With a lot of difficult problems ________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A．settled B．settling

C．to settle D．being settled

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：由于许多困难的问题要解决，新当选的总统日子很不好过。动词不定式to settle作定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settled作定语表示已经解

决的难题；现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在被解决的难题。所提供的语境the newly-elected president is having a hard time说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题，所以要用to settle作定语。故选C项。

【点睛】

with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。

with结构：with + 宾语（名词或代词）+ 宾补（介词短语，形容词，副词现在分词，过去分词，不定式）,是一个独立主格结构，在句中做状语，可表原因，伴随等。

The teacher came in with a book in his hand.老师手里拿着一本书进来了。

With a lot of work to do, I have no time go out with you.(不定式表将来动作)有许多工作要做，我没时间和你一起出去。

We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作，即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的)

With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动，with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系)

27．. Teamwork is very important in modern society. ______ an effective team member, you need to

develop a team attitude.

A．Become B．Becoming C．Having become D．To become

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：团队合作在现代社会非常重要。作为一个高效的团队成员，你需要培养团队的态度。分析句子结构可知，此处做目的状语，应用不定式，故选D。

28．The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.

A．forced B．forcing C．to be forced D．having forced

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：政府计划引入新法律，迫使父母对他们的孩子的教育承担更多的责任。分析句子可知，____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children作定语，修饰new laws ,force用非谓语动词形式，force与主语The government是主动关系，用现在分词形式表示主动，force与bring in是同时发生的，不用完成时，故选B。

29．Beijing's new international airport ___________ into use in 2019 will serve 72 million passengers annually.

A．being put B．to be put

C．put D．putting

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定式作定语。句意：将于2019年投入使用的北京新国际机场将会每年为7200万乘客提供服务。put into use与其逻辑主语Beijing's new international airport构成动宾关系，且根据时间状语in 2019可知，此处应使用不定式的被动形式to be done，to be done表将来，被动。故选B。

【点睛】

常考的动词不定式“五式”

1) 一般式（to do）：强调与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

I hope to see you again. = I hope that I’ll see you again. 我希望再见到你。

2) 完成式（to have done）：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 很抱歉给您带来这么多麻烦。

3) 进行式(to be doing)：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eating something.

4) 被动式（to be done）：表示将来，被动的动作。

There will be a new skyscraper to be built here.这儿将建一座新的摩天大楼。

5）否定式（not to do）：

He was told not to leave without permission.他被告知不能在未经许可的情况下离开。

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30．Workers have been working through the night ________ the bridge safe.

A．made B．to make

C．being made D．having made

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使桥安全工人们整夜地工作。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。

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