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大学英语4总复习

2013秋《大学英语4》综合复习资料

I. Reading Comprehension

Passage 1

For ages, sailors have said that it is good luck to see dolphins swimming alongside boats. Their presence meant that land was near, which would be vital information if a boat and her crew were in danger. Some dolphins have even protected shipwrecked sailors from sharks. It is no wonder that these unique and fascinating creatures have long been known as our friends.

You may think dolphins are fish, but they are actually mammals. They are related to whales and porpoises, and they evolved around 10 million years ago. Dolphins breathe air, give birth to live young, and feed them milk. They are social animals, living together in groups ranging in size of up to 12.In places rich in food, many schools can combine together to form schools of up to 1,000 dolphins.

Dolphins are thought to be intelligent animals because of their playfulness, curiosity, and quick ability to learn. They seem to communicate with each other through a combination of squeaks, whistles, and clicks. While scientists don't know what they are going on about, it is thought that dolphins are telling each other that food is nearby, or warning each other of approaching danger. Dolphins use sonar to discover an object's size, shape, and location. By sending out a series of clicks and receiving the echo that bounces off the object, they can differentiate between a shark and a boat.

Unfortunately, dolphins have faced increasing danger in recent years. Fishermen in pursuit of profitable tuna may accidentally trap dolphins in their nets, killing them in the process. These intelligent mammals of the sea deserve our protection and respect.

1. Dolphins have been human's friends because of ____________.

A. sailors may know that the land is not far away

B. some dolphins protect sailors from shark attacks

C. sailors can communicate with them

D. both A and B

2. Which of the following statement about dolphin is not true?

A. Dolphins lay eggs under the sea.

B. Dolphins can communicate with each other by sending out sounds.

C. Dolphins have abilities to learn.

D. Dolphins prefer to live in groups up to hundreds.

3. How do dolphins communicate with one another?

A. Through radio waves.

B. By sending out gases.

C. By clapping their fins together.

D. Through various noises.

4. According to the article, what makes a threat to dolphins?

A. Whales.

B. Tuna.

C. Sailors.

D. Fishermen.

5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. Fishermen accidentally trap dolphins.

B. We should take some actions to stop killing dolphins.

C. Dolphins often live with tunas.

D. More and more dolphins are in danger in the recent years.

Passage 2

The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.

And yet, city life isn’t easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it’s long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.

One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.

This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we’re crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of s trangers. In recent years, it’s become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.

6. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?

A. The city inspires talented people.

B. The city hurts your brain.

C. The city has many pleasures and benefits.

D. The city seriously affects the natural balance.

7. The word “metropolis” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.

A. citizen

B. nature

C. city

D. stress

8. People have just come to realize that_______.

A. human attention is a scarce resource

B. city life can make people very tired

C. the city is an engine of intellectual life

D. an urban environment is damaging to the brain

9. What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly?

A. Nature.

B. Better treatment.

C. Experienced doctors.

D. Good medicine.

10. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to

an increase in self-control.

B. Small changes in urban design cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.

C. For the first time in history, the earth’s population is more urban than rural.

D. A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.

Passage 3

Your success in your studies will also depend upon your motivation（动机）. This need or desire to achieve a certain goal can make the difference between success and failure. Motivation can come from two sources: from inside of you or from outside of you. In the first case, motivation comes from your hopes and expectations, from your desire to do something or to be someone. Study purposes that result from personal inner desires are individual, and various. If you have not already done so, you should think carefully about what you hope to gain from your studies, and why. You should set a goal and direct all your study efforts toward reaching it. A goal of this kind is important because it will determine the direction and degree of your motivation for study.

Not everyone is highly motivated from within and no one is continuously motivated from within. Fortunately there is another source of motivation：from outside. In education the most obvious kind of outside motivation is grades. For many students, course grades are an immediate, short-range motivation for study. This is one of the reasons for examinations and grades, but they must not become a goal in themselves. Grades help to motivate you from day to day, but they are only small, artificial steps to your ultimate goal. It would be wrong to set grades as your only ambition.

A textbook like this cannot provide you with motivation；that must come from yourself. But as an encouragement, it is useful to know that good study habits depend upon good motivation. And good study habits are important because they help you get more done in less time. It is not a matter of how much you study；more important is how well you study.

11. Inside motivation comes from____________.

A. your need and desire

B. your hopes and expectations

C. your desire to do something or to be someone

D. both B and C

12. Study purposes____________.

A. are different from person to person

B. are personal inner desires

C. share some common points

D. should be carefully made

13. If you haven't set a goal in your studies,____________.

A. you will most probably become a failure

B. you will never be a good student

C. you may lose direction and lack motivation

D. you won't have good study habits

14. According to the passage, why are examinations and grades necessary in education?

A. Because they can make the difference between success and failure.

B. Because they can motivate many students to study harder.

C. Because they can check what you have gained from your studies.

D. Because they are small, artificial steps to an ultimate goal.

15. If you want to be an efficient learner, you must____________.

A. have clear study purposes

B. be always motivated from both inside and outside

C. set grades as your ambition

D. have good study habits

Passage 4

Ask three people to look out the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are that you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.

Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may say that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind’s interpretation of what the senses — in this case our eyes — tell us.

Many psychologists today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.

16. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. Perceiving has nothing to do with seeing.

B. Perceiving differs from seeing.

C. Seeing is closely connected to perceiving.

D. Seeing has much to do with perceiving.

17. The phrase "with four children in tow" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to "____________".

A. with four children following closely behind her

B. with four children tied to each other with a rope

C. with four children dragging a rope held by her

D. with four children dragged in a small cart

18. According to the passage, perceiving is an action ____________.

A. that tells us information through our eyes

B. that gives us senses in the mind

C. that explains what our senses tell us

D. that makes our mind different

19. The psychologists are trying to draw their conclusion____________.

A. by asking different people to tell how they perceive the same scene

B. by using a scientific approach in setting up their experiments

C. by determining how a person experiences the world around him

D. by measuring and charting the results of many experiments

20. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Different people may perceive the same scene in a different way.

B. That a policeman gives a motorist a ticket means the motorist is fined.

C. No people share the same perception when they are asked to see the same scene.

D. The psychologists can control all of the factors in their experiments.

Passage 5

To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand "the point". Americans mention it often："Let's get right to the point", "My point is ...","What's the point of all this?"

The "point" is the idea or piece of information that Americans suppose is, or should be, at the center of people's thinking, writing, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to "make their points clear", meaning that they are supposed to write clearly the idea or piece of information they wish to express.

People from many other cultures have different ideas about "the point". Africans traditionally tell stories that express the thoughts they have in mind, rather than stating "the point" clearly. Japanese traditionally speak indirectly, leaving the listener to figure out what the point is. Thus, while an American might say to a friend, "I don't think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit", a Japanese might say, "Maybe this other coat would look even better than the one you have on." Americans value a person who "gets right to the point". Japanese are likely to consider such a person insensitive if not rude.

The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness and ambiguity（模糊）. The precision（精确）and directness Americans associate with "the point" cannot be achieved, at least not with any grace, in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to learn a new way of reasoning and expressing their ideas if they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.

21. By “the point”,Americans mean____________.

A. the idea or information in their mind

B. the most important idea or information

C. what they think, write and speak

D. what they wish to express

22. Compared with people from many other cultures, Americans are____________.

A. direct and honest

B. clear and talkative

C. impolite and rude

D. traditional and silent

23. A typical American seems to be ______to a typical Japanese.

A. sensitive and rude

B. insensitive but not rude

C. sensitive instead of rude

D. insensitive and even rude

24. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. You are expected to state your idea clearly when speaking to an American.

B. Telling stories to express their ideas is a traditional way of Africans.

C. Japanese often imply their disapproval with polite words.

D. Chinese and Japanese languages are hard to understand because they are not clear.

25. A conclusion can be made that____________.

A. Americans and Africans cannot communicate satisfactorily

B. Africans and Japanese cannot communicate satisfactorily

C. Misunderstanding may arise when Americans communicate with Chinese

D. Chinese and Japanese will certainly get on well with each other

Passage 6

The only certainties I’ve found in life are death and change. One is an end, the other a beginning. Change is life. Without change there would be no growth, no understanding, no relating and no surprises. We are by nature changing beings. Still, we seem to fear and resist it more than any other aspect of life.

Healthy human beings welcome the opportunity to adapt to new experiences. In fact they are quite comfortable in a constant state of change. They know about the possibility of becoming someone new each moment. Only habit and indifference prevent the rest of us from having the same outlook.

When we don’t care, or submit ourselves to patterns and routines, we begin to stagnate. We are inclined to accept the comfortable illusion that life is a series of habits and conditioned responses. In reality this is a comfort more like a disease, which leads to a kind of intellectual and emotional death. We can allow ourselves and dynamic world to go to waste. Ellen Glasgow, an American novelist, said, “The only differences between a rut（车辙）and a grave are their dimensions.”

To accept new ideas and give up old values and habits is not always comfortable. It is often easier for us to deny that there may be more appropriate, more creative possibilities for our lives. We fail to understand that when we resist potentialities, life becomes at best a continual struggle; at worst, it passes us by and we are left alone and lonely.

26. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. Change is as inevitable as death.

B. Some of us fear change because it leads to death.

C. Change is characteristic of the life of human beings.

D. Death is the inevitable result of change.

27. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. All human beings want to be healthy by adapting to new experiences.

B. Some people do not welcome change as a result of habit and indifference.

C. Constant change results in comfort for some people.

D. Healthy human beings are not subjected to habit and indifference, and keep on trying to become someone new.

28. According to the passage, “The only differences between a rut and a grave are their dimensions” suggests that ______.

A. if we regard life as a series of habits and conditioned responses, our life actually ends

B. some people die a kind of intellectual and emotional death

C. death is inevitable

D. too much comfort often results in death

29. The word “stagnate” in paragraph 3 means ______.

A. stop working hard

B. stop developing

C. become weak

D. fall ill

30. The author’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph is ______.

A. to tell us that if we resist change, we’ll suffer from loneliness in life

B. to show the reason why some people do not accept new ideas or give up old values and habits

C. to come to the conclusion that if we go against the law of change, it will be impossible for us to enjoy life

D. to show that it is because of our desire to seek comfort that we tend to deny our lives

Passage 7

Many of us believe that a person’s mind becomes less active as he grows older. But this is not true, according to Dr. Lissy F. Jarvik, professor of psychiatry (精神病学) at the university of California, Los Angeles, and a board member of the New Center for Aging at the Veterans Hospital. She has studied the mental functioning of aging persons for several years. For example, one of her studies concern 136 pairs of identical twins, who were first examined when they were already 60 years old. As Dr. Jarvik continued the study of the twins into their 70s and 80s, their minds did not generally decline as was expected.

However, there was some decline in their psycho-motor speed. This means that it took them longer to complete mental tasks than it used to. But when speed was not a factor, they lost very little intellectual ability over the years. In general, Dr. Jarvik’s studies have shown that there is no decline in knowledge or reasoning ability. This is true not only into the 30s and 40s, but into the 60s and 70s as well.

As for learning new things, and ability to remember, studies by Dr. Jarvik and others show that the old are equal to the young. It is true that older people themselves often complain that their memory is not as good as it once was. However, much of what we call “loss of memory” is not that at all. There usually was incomplete learning in the first place. For example, the older person perhaps had trouble hearing, or poor vision, or inattention, or was trying to learn the new thing at too fast a pace.

In the cases where the older person’s mind really seems to decay (衰退), it is not necessarily a sign of a decay due to old age. Often it is simply a sign of a depressed emotional state. This depression usually can be counteracted by counseling, a medical treatment with a psychologist, which fights depression.

In American society, when an older person loses something, we tend to call him or her “senile”. But notice that when a younger person loses something, he does not blame it on senility or loss of memory. He finds some other excuse!

31. According to Dr. Jarvik’s studies, middle-aged and older persons should expect to ______.

A. remember less

B. reason better

C. learn fewer new things

D. lose little ability to remember, reason or learn

32. A long term study of 136 pairs of twins showed that the only factor that declined over the years was __________.

A. the reasoning ability

B. the psycho-motor speed

C. the decline in knowledge

D. the loss of intellectual ability

33. Both younger and older persons should realize that ____________.

A. a sign of a decay due to old age is a natural law

B. mental decay due to aging is closely related to one’s health conditions

C. a good emotional state can ensure a longer life

D. mental decay due to aging is much less common than most of us believe

34. What is the probable meaning of “counteract” from the context?

A. convinced

B. lessened

C. added

D. rewarded

35. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?

A. People, either young or old, tend to view their mental decay incorrectly.

B. With ageing, one’s emotional state is on the decline.

C. Old people are not well educated and are thus slow to pick up new things.

D. The decline of intellectual ability is usually accompanied by the drop in psycho-motor speed.

Passage 8

36. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. Change is as inevitable as death.

B. Some of us fear change because it leads to death.

C. Change is characteristic of the life of human beings.

D. Death is the inevitable result of change.

37. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. All human beings want to be healthy by adapting to new experiences.

B. Some people do not welcome change as a result of habit and indifference.

C. Constant change results in comfort for some people.

D. Healthy human beings are not subjected to habit and indifference, and keep on trying to become someone new.

38. According to the passage, “The only differences between a rut and a grave are their dimensions” suggests that ______.

A. if we regard life as a series of habits and conditioned responses, our life actually ends

B. some people die a kind of intellectual and emotional death

C. death is inevitable

D. too much comfort often results in death

39. The word “stagnate” in paragraph 3 means ______.

A. stop working hard

B. stop developing

C. become weak

D. fall ill

40. The author’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph is ______.

A. to tell us that if we resist change, we’ll suffer from loneliness in life

B. to show the reason why some people do not accept new ideas or give up old values and habits

C. to come to the conclusion that if we go against the law of change, it will be impossible for us to enjoy life

D. to show that it is because of our desire to seek comfort that we tend to deny our lives

Passage 9

The old familiar song, “The Green, Green Grass of Home”, used to bring a smile, but the current drought in Florida is turning so many green lawns into burned, brown fields ready for a fire to explode from a lightning strike or careless cigarette.

The situation is serious, but there are ways to solve the problem. According to Marshall McLuhan, a famous Canadian educator, “Our age of anxiety is, in great part, the result of trying to do today’s job with yesterday’s tools ― with yesterday’s concepts.”

Santa Barbara in California was faced with the same danger some years ago and the city officials called a meeting of the city engineers and water department to find new tools ― new concepts to save lawns.

The solution was gray water. The term gray water is given to the water we use when we wash our hands at the sink, take showers, wash clothes, etc. That water is going into the sewer (下水道) or septic tanks (化粪池) at an alarming rate.

The water can save lawns and trees without any harm. Santa Barbara developed an attachment that could be installed on the plumbing (管道设备) of the city homes for as little as $50 that would permit this valuable water to save lawns and landscaping from drying up without risk to the citizens. The city water department in Santa Barbara arranged to install the units and bill homeowners the small cost added to their low monthly payments until it was paid out.

The only gray water that is a threat is the water used in the washing machine and even that is safe to use on the lawn if you’re careful about what kind of soap you use.

41. The writer mentions the old song “The Green, Green Grass of Home” at the beginning of the passage in order to ______.

A. remind people of the good old days

B. create a kind of holiday atmosphere

C. make people aware of the harmfulness of smoking

D. set off by contrast the seriousness of the present draught in Florida

42. To solve many of our problems we are faced with today, the writer suggests that we ______.

A. make full use of yesterday’s to ols

B. rely on new concepts to handle today’s problems

C. invent new tools and apply them in our work

D. combine yesterday’s concepts with new ones

43. Gray water refers to ______.

A. water that is gray in color

B. water that exists in nature

C. water that usually flows out of our homes after being used

D. water that we usually use to irrigate our gardens

44. The people in Santa Barbara could have gray-water units installed on the plumbing of their homes ______.

A. for free

B. For $50, which should be paid before the installation

C. for less than $50

D. for $50, which would be paid on a monthly basis

45. This passage was probably written ______.

A. to suggest the installation of gray-water units in Florida

B. to describe the seriousness of drought in Florida

C. to call for a new concepts of doing our jobs in general

D. to give a clear definition of the term “gray water”

II. Vocabulary and Structure

1. The teacher’s lecture on American history was three hours long, and Mary felt very _____.

A. upset

B. bored

C. disturbed

D. neglected

2. Fever is a ____________of many illnesses.

A. sick

B. sickness

C. symptom

D. disease

3. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _____obtaining water is not the least.

A. of which

B. for what

C. as

D. whose

4. We must do well ____________the boss assigns us to do.

A. that

B. whatever

C. whichever

D. those

5. Her mind was so _____ by the disease that she could not remember what she had done.

A. acted

B. influenced

C. effected

D. affected

6. Cattle _________to graze on the village common.

A. are allowed

B. is allowed

C. allows

D. allow

7. She saw him coming but she ____________him.

A. neglected

B. looked down

C. looked around

D. ignored

8. If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we _____ at the airport.

A. will see her off

B. would have seen her off

C. would see her off

D. must have seen her off

9. Mary is the only one of the team members _______to be transferred.

A. who is going

B. who are going

C. who have been going

D. who has been going

10. The question _________finally, we went home.

A. to be settled

B. settling

C. having settled

D. settled

11. To some extent, unemployment as well as taxes____________ votes.

A. influences

B. influence

C. have influenced

D. has influences

12. The village _______my mother grew up in is not far from the city.

A. what

B. where

C. which

D. wherever

13. Every boy and girl _____ not to swim in the lake, for it is polluted.

A. has been warned

B. have been warned

C. has warned

D. have warned

14. She heard a terrible noise, _____ brought her heart into her mouth.

A. it

B. this

C. which

D. that

15. Liu Fang studies much better than _______student in his class.

A. any

B. any other

C. the other

D. other

16. If we _____ early tomorrow morning, we will reach the coast before dark.

A. take off

B. set off

C. set up

D. take up

17. It ____ that the jewels had been stolen by a traveler.

A. turned out

B. turned up

C. turned on

D. turned over

18. So many people ______ the meeting had to be put off.

A. being absent

B. to be absent

C. were absent

D. had been absent

19. Sixty per cent of television viewers chose her as their _____ actress.

A. fortunate

B. preferred

C. preferable

D. favourite

20. A good teacher must know how to ________ his ideas.

A. convey

B. display

C. consult

D. confront

21. Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrow’s conference when he back. He is to chair the conference.

A. will come

B. come

C. comes

D. came

22. We often advise him not to drink more is good for his health.

A. as

B. that

C. than

D. but

23. Tom’s father, as well as his mother, _____ in New York for a few days more.

A. asks he would stay

B. asks he stays

C. ask he to stay

D. asks him to stay

24. A lot of people mistake John for Bill because they _____ each other in appearance too much!

A. weave

B. utilize

C. reveal

D. resemble

25. I don’t care ________ or not she will apologize to me.

A. if

B. whether

C. what

D. which

26. He has such ________ that he is quick at learning anything.

A. a good brain

B. a good intention

C. good judgment

D. good imagination

27. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.

A. adapt

B. bring

C. receive

D. adopt

28. ________ he often forgot their wedding anniversary greatly annoyed his wife.

A. All

B. What

C. Which

D. That

29. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied .

A. originally

B. extremely

C. violently

D. intensively

30. You’ve got to be on top _____ to do well in a competition like that.

A. condition

B. form

C. shape

D. training

31. _____ the rain we would have had a nice holiday.

A. But that

B. Despite

C. But for

D. In spite of

32. The firemen are still the small fires started by the plane crash.

A. taking off

B. setting aside

C. getting along with

D. putting out

33. I suppose you couldn’t let me borrow your car this evening, _____?

A. couldn’t I

B. don’t I

C. could you

D. will you

34. A club is a place to make frequent ________ with friends.

A. accounts

B. attempts

C. contents

D. contacts

35. Her mind was so ________ by the disease that she could not remember what she had done.

A. acted

B. influenced

C. effected

D. affected

36. Her children ________far away from her, the old lady feels lonely sometimes.

A. to live

B. living

C. lived

D. having lived

37. I suppose you couldn’t let me borrow your car this evening, _______?

A. couldn’t I

B. don’t I

C. could you

D. will you

38. Diana felt very much upset at _____ to the party as she had longed to go for a long time.

A. having not been invited

B. not having been invited

C. not to be invited

D. to be not invited

39. All the kids are crying now. What _____ makes them so unhappy?

A. it is

B. is it

C. it is that

D. is it that

40. ____________the door than somebody started knocking on it.

A. I had closed no sooner

B. No sooner had I closed

C. I had no sooner closed

D. No sooner I close

41. ______, she went back to her room.

A. There was no cause for alarm

B. Without having cause for alarm

C. Being no cause for alarm

D. There being no cause for alarm

42. Nowadays a large number of people buy ________ Christmas trees instead of real ones.

A. false

B. fake

C. genuine

D. artificial

43. Not only are cars involved in most of the traffic accidents, but they also ______ to the pollution of the air.

A. contribute

B. promote

C. refer

D. adjust

44. Best friends are sometimes _______ of each other, but they would never be hurtful or spiteful.

A. particular

B. critical

C. strict

D. special

45. Once you know your pattern, you can ______ advantage of chronobiology (时间生物学) techniques to improve your health and productivity.

A. get

B. use

C. take

D. make

46. Except on official ______ such as formal reception, American society has a certain amount of informality.

A. cases

B. situations

C. occasions

D. conditions

47. My watch doesn’t keep good time. I have to _________ it again.

A. adjust

B. adapt

C. adopt

D. alter

48. Electrical energy can be _____________ into light and heat.

A. transferred

B. transmitted

C. transformed

D. transported

49. When _____ why he was late, he just kept silent.

A. asking

B. asked

C. to be asked

D. been asked

50. He failed in getting the position because he didn’t ________ enough importance to the details in the job interview.

A. attend

B. apply

C. approach

D. attach

51. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time _____ the guards discovered what had happened.

A. before

B. until

C. since

D. when

52. _____ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.

A. That

B. Which

C. As

D. It

53. This summit talk in San Francisco will have a major ________ on the world peace.

A. impression

B. perspective

C. aspiration

D. impact

54. Best friends are sometimes _______ of each other, but they would never be hurtful or spiteful.

A. particular

B. critical

C. strict

D. special

55. From the highest commander down to the rank, these men eat and dress ________.

A. likely

B. alike

C. same

D. like

56. Opportunities are always ______ so long as one uses his mind.

A. possible

B. considerable

C. available

D. preferable

57. This rubbish is a fire hazard and must ______ right away.

A. cope with

B. be disposed of

C. be handled with

D. deprive of

58. She didn’t accept the offer; she turned it ______.

A. off

B. out

C. down

D. up

59. There is no denying that those who ______ crimes will be punished sooner or later.

A. consent

B. perform

C. behave

D. commit

60. Very few experts _______ with completely new answers to the world’s economic problems.

A. come to

B. come round

C. come on

D. come up

III. Cloze Test

Passage 1

Conversation begins almost the moment we come into contact with another and continues throughout the day with the aid of cell phones and computers. However, we are so often absorbed in conversation that we 1 sight of its true purpose and value.

One important aspect of a good conversation is that the words are properly used to express thoughts and feelings. We are 2 deep thoughts and strong emotions, yet our vocabularies are not enough for this expression, and many make little effort to expand that. Perhaps you see a movie that touches you deeply, yet you have the following conversation: “So, what did you think of the film?”“Oh, my God, it was so sad, I swear. I went through 3 a box of tissues(面巾纸).

I was in tears.”This dialogue is 4 an effective way of expressing feelings. It gives no fact of how or why the movie truly 5 you. Such commonly-used phrases are certainly not enough to describe a deeply moving experience. However, not only 6 try to avoid overused words, you must also be careful in your selection. The purpose of expanding vocabulary is not to use the biggest or most impressive words, but to find those best suited.

What is lacking in many conversations is the ability to talk to another rather than just talking with that person. A 7 person will find that even in the most ordinary conversations. There are a thousand questions 8 to be asked if you have courage and a desire for exchange. Good conversations should not be 9 nonsense, but of a meeting of two sharing the human condition. It should bring a better understanding of others and offer a release of emotions more than drive away 10 thoughts or kill time.

1. A. lose B. have C. win D. miss

2. A. lack of B. short of C. fond of D. full of

3. A. using up B. to use C. used up D. using off

4. A. partly B. actually C. hardly D. truly

5. A. infected B. infects C. affects D. affected

6. A. you will B. must you C. you must D. will you

7. A. careless B. efficient C. thoughtful D. able

8. A. waiting B. wait C. waited D. waits

9. A. make up for B. made up of C. make up of D. made up for

10. A. clever B. pleasant C. unpleasant D. happy

Passage 2

Recently, one of my best friends, whom I've shared just about everything with since the first day of kindergarten, spent the weekend with me. Since I moved to a new town several years ago, we’ve both always 11 the few times a year when we can see each other.

Over the 12, we spent hours and hours, staying up late into the night, talking about the people she was 13 around with. She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how she experimented with 14 and was into other 15 behavior. I was blown away! She told me how she had been 16 to her parents about where she was going and even sneaking out to see this guy because they didn't want her 17 him. No matter how hard I tried to tell her that she

18 better, she didn't believe me. Her self-respect seemed to have disappeared.

I tried to 19 her that she was ruining her future and heading for big trouble. I felt like I was getting 20 . I just couldn't believe that she really thought it was acceptable to hang with a bunch of losers, especially her boyfriend.

11. A. worried about B. looked forward to C. paid attention to D. think of

12. A. weekend B. months C. years D. days

13. A. working B. falling in love C. hanging D. keeping in touch

14. A. books B. girls C. friends D. drugs

15. A. self-destructive B. self-respecting C. self-confident D. self-defensive

16. A. explaining B. reasoning C. declaring D. lying

17. A. on B. beside C. around D. to

18. A. did B. deserved C. had D. got

19. A. told B. convince C. force D. warn

20. A. somewhere B. everywhere C. nowhere D. anywhere Passage 3

By the time I finished high school, my interest in animals had grown, and I enrolled at a university to study biology. I learned soon enough that studying animals at this level was not in the animals’ best 21. I remember one midterm exam in 22 each student was handed a large, freshly-killed frog and instructed to dissect (解剖)and mark a set of body parts. I looked at the 23 frog in front of me and was saddened that her life was 24 away for such a slight reason.

A year later, in the same lab 25 I dissected the frog, I performed a small act of animal liberation. We were experimenting on fruit flies, and it was time to record the distribution of characteristics in their next generation. Flies were 26 in small plastic bottles. Counting the number of flies with white or red eyes required first exposing them to ether (乙醚) 27 they could not move. The flies were then spread onto a piece of white paper 28 and counted. When the data collection was complete, the flies had no further use, and our instructions were to put them into a small glass

dish of oil at the center of each desk, which was to be their final resting place.

Once my little pile of flies had been counted, I pushed them off the edge of the paper. As we recorded our data, I kept one eye on them. Within minutes the pile was humming (嗡嗡叫) as tiny legs and wings beat their way out of the ether fog. I was extremely excited as they 29 flight. That was my first step in refusing to conduct scientific research that treated nonhuman life in a(n) 30 way.

21. A. duties B. interests C. rates D. hobbies

22. A. what B. that C. where D. which

23. A. alive B. dead C. living D. wounded

24. A. made B. brought C. taken D. passed

25. A. that B. which C. what D. where

26. A. solved B. soaked C. recovered D. kept

27. A. while B. because C. in case D. so that

28. A. being examined B. to be examined C. being operated D. to be operated

29. A. stood B. took C. sent D. rode

30. A. kind B. generous C. cruel D. effective

IV. Translation

Directions:In this part there are 5 English sentences for you to translate into Chinese. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

1. 这家公司的任务是向周围的住户供应煤气。

2. 她盯着我看，好像我是个完全陌生的人。

3. 锻炼、新鲜空气和好的食物是保持健康必不可少的。

4. 几百年来，妇女一直在针对不公平的待遇而进行抗争。

5. 要是没有他们的帮助，你就不能这么快完成这些任务。

6. 学习英语不只是来上课和记笔记。

7. 孩子们只有在长大了之后，才能明白父母的辛苦。

8. 这就是这种药物对健康存在的潜在的危险。

9. 除了趣味与运动之外，游泳还是一项很有用的技能。

10. 现在，许多发展战略都把农业和农村的发展放在优先地位。

11. 他们既不追名也不逐利。

12. 我们若不能增加货物的销售量，就必须大幅度降低产量。

13. 我们希望讨论后有人能提出更好的计划。

14. 这些问题已严重影响到我们的健康和幸福，也影响到整个环境。

15. 如果你对买的东西不满意，我们非常乐意退给你钱。

V. Writing

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic given below. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.

1. Use of Free Time

（1）随着工作时间的缩短，空余时间越来越多了

（2）如何利用空余时间

（3）利用空余时间的益处

2. Private Tutoring

（1）现在许多家长给孩子找家教的原因。

（2）家教的好处

（3）然而，我认为……

3. Is it good for college students to have part-time jobs?

（1）大学生可以勤工助学

（2）但打工也会带来问题

（3）我的观点

4. Craze for Civil Service Examinations

（1）现在有越来越多的大学毕业生报考公务员

（2）引起此现象的原因

（3）你的看法

Keys:

I. Reading Comprehension

1-10 DADDB BCDAC

11-20 DACBD BACDC

21-30 BADDC CAABC

31-40 DBDBA CAABC

41-45 DBCDA

II. Vocabulary and Structure

1-10 BCABD ADBAD

11-20 ACACB BAADA

21-30 CCDDB ADDDB

31-40 CDCDD BCBDB

41-50 DDABC CACBD

51-60 ACDBB CBBDD

III. Cloze Test (10%)

1-10 ADACC BCABC

11-20 BACDA DCBBC

21-30 BDBCD DDBBC

IV. Translation

1. The task of this company is to supply the homes around with gas.

2. She stared at me as though I were a complete stranger.

3. Exercise, fresh air and good food are essential to the preservation of health.

4. For centuries, women have been striving against unfair treatment.

5. Without their help, you would not be able to fulfill the tasks so quickly.

6. Learning English is more than attending the classes and taking notes.

7. Only after the children grew up could they understand their parents' hard working.

8. These are the potential risks to health associated with the drug.

9. Aside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.

10. Many development strategies now give priority to agricultural and rural development

11. They seek neither fame nor fortune.

12. If we don’t sell more goods, we’ll have to cut back on production.

13. We hope that somebody can come up with a better plan after the discussion.

14. These problems have serious effects on our health and well-being as well as the whole environment.

15. If you are not satisfied with your purchase, we will be more than happy to refund your money. V. Writing 略

大学英语4期末复习题

对外经济贸易大学远程教育学院 2012-2013学年第一学期《大学英语（四）》复习大纲一、单选题 1. at the meeting that everyone present was convinced. （） A. So forcefully he spoke B. So forcefully did he speak C. So forcefully was he spoken D. So forcefully has he spoken 2. Alice usually her little brother when her parents are away from home. （） A. looks on B. looks for C. looks about D. looks after 3. his things, he hurried to the station. （） A. Having packed up B. Packed up C. Packing up D. Being packed up 4. Hardly the people ran toward it. （） A. the plane had landed when B. had the plane landed when C. the plane had landed than D. had the plane landed than 5. It is people, not things are decisive. （） A. what B. those C. that D. who 6. He was not enough to give the old woman his seat on the bus. （） A. modest B. concerned C. considerate D. moderate 7. Is she said really true? （） A. what B. that C. which D. it 8. If you had told me in advance, I you at the airport. （） A. would meet B. would have met C. met D. had 9. Betty moved out from the dormitory the noise. （） A. because of B. in spite of C. because D. despite 10. If a piece of iron to a high temperature, it begins to melt. （） A. is being heating B. will be heated C. is heated D. heats 11. Seldom him in the past five years. （） A. I have seen B. have I seen C. I saw D. did I see 12. You have to pay a sales on everything you buy in New York city. （） A. charge B. tax C. cash D. fee 13. I wonder what at this time tomorrow morning. （） A. he has done B. will have done C. will have been doing D. he will be doing

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词汇 1. Throughout history, many people have attempted to find the __A___ secret to success, but relatively few have actually done it. a. elusive b. evasive c. illusory d. eloquent 2. It was hard for Cynthia to remain uninvolved with the controversy since she is such a __C___ part of the company. a. visibility b. risible c. visible d. visibly 3. "Officer Clarke, in the best interest of the case, please consider absolutely everything to be at your __B___." a. dispose b. disposal c. disposing d. disposed 4. The mountain climbers demonstrated a(n) __D___ feat of selflessness when they turned around to help an injured stranger. a. advantageous b. gorgeous c. outrageous d. courageous 5. Many movie stars are notorious for wearing excessive amounts of expensive __A___. a. jewellery b. jewels c. jewelers d. jewelling 6. Her novel successfully __C___ an entire generation of young women to believe they could be whatever they wanted. a. emboldened b. embittered c. empowered d. embroidered 7. I'm not really a __B___ of pop culture trends, so can you explain that reference to me? a. flower b. follower c. fellow d. fallowing 8. We just moved into town so we're still a little __D___. a. unsettling b. settlers c. settled d. unsettled 9. The movie is fantastic, but you'll need to __B___ your disbelief toward the end. a. upend b. suspend c. depend d. misspend 10. Don't __A___ Jack's determination to do whatever it takes to win. a. underestimate b. overestimate c. estimate d. misestimate 11. As judge, I __A___ over this courtroom and have the final say on all matters. a. preside b. reside c. presume d. resume 12. Please stay back! This is a __C___ area! a. constricted b. districted c. restricted d. unrestricted

大学英语精读4 书后cloze吐血整理

When dad told us about the delivery work it sounded easy, just a piece of cake. The trouble was, we didn’t take care to inquire just how much material was involved. Before long trucks seemed to be pulling up outside our house all day long, leaving stacks of advertising. It seemed we should have no chance of meeting the deadline. The we had this marvelous idea. Hiring local kids to help would enable us to get the job done on time. True, it would cut into our profits, but there was no alternative. things seemed to be going well, but then we had trouble over a pay claim. Our workers demanded five dollars an hour, but fortunately for us they were ready to settle for less. As for us, when we finally settled our accounts we ended up earning less than the minimum wage for our efforts. I guess we should have know better than to believe that big bucks come easy. While it is often said that love makes the world go round, scientists take a less romantic view. To their minds, energy is the fundamental force at work. All animal life is dependent on obtaining sufficient energy from food. Deer, like other wild animals, do this through eating as much food as possible in the summer, when food resources are abundant. Any excess of energy over their current needs is deposited in the body in the form of fat. Then, when food becomes scarce in the winter, they can live off the fat. In addition, nature helps them to survive the winter by slowing down their metabolism, assisting them to pull through the cold weather. However, when the winter is particularly harsh, deer may have to draw on the fat they have built up more heavily. Under such conditions, only deer in good condition are able to survive to give birth to a new generation. In his essay George Orwell starts off by citing Bernard Shaw’s remark that people are more superstitious today than they were in the Middle Ages. They promptly accept the opinions of experts without asking any questions themselves. Obviously Shaw exaggerates just in order to prove his point that we should not always fall back on the theories of well-known authorities. Rather, we should aim at finding out some things for ourselves. By way of illustration, Orwell outlines arguments against the Flat Earth and the Oval Earth theories, thus throwing light on the fact that much of our knowledge actually rests on authority rather than on reasoning or on experiment. Finally, Orwell draws his conclusion that ours is a credulous age partly because we have such an exceptionally heavy burden of knowledge. The last time Lyz saw her husband was as he waved goodbye to her from the steps of their house. He was due to fly off on business later that day. Unluckily for him his flight was cancelled and he found himself having to take United Flight 93 the following day. It was from on board that ill-fated flight that he telephoned with the news that hijackers had threatened to blow up the aircraft. Cursing his bad luck, he nonetheless realized that his fate was in his own hands. Hoping that the terrorists were bluffing when they claimed to have a bomb, he and some other passengers decided to act. Without hanging up, he set off with the others to attack the hijackers. From the telephone came the sound of screams. Then silence.

全国大学英语四级分数计算

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应用型大学英语综合教程4 期末复习

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