2015年高考英语全国卷阅读解析

2015年高考英语全国卷

第二部分阅读理解

第一节

A

【语篇导读】这是一篇广告文体类阅读材料。介绍了四则伦敦运河博物馆每月（八月除外）的第一个星期四的报告主题。

21. C 事实细节题。由第一则报告的首句可知，Chris Lewis所做的报告“运河先驱”中，James Brindley被公认为早期最重要的运河设计师。由此可知C项正确。

22. D 事实细节题。由题干中的“February”可将答案锁定在“February 6th”的话题“An Update on the Costwold Canals”中。显然答案为D。

23. A 事实细节题。根据题干中的关键词islands, the Thames可知答案在“March 6th”中。Miranda Vickers 在其报告“Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands”中对泰晤士河中的岛屿做了一个全景的回顾。因此答案为A。

B

【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。“我”生活在美国东北部的纽约，那儿的冬季实在让人难以忍受。一次去佛罗里达的Sarasota度周末的机会让“我”深切感受到了宜人的气候是多么令人惬意。尤其是那又大、又软又圆的西红柿。

24. B．推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables”所提供的信息尤其是dulled一词的意义可以推测纽约寒冷的冬季是令人厌烦的。故答案为B。

25. D。事实细节题。根据首段末句可知，让作者最感惬意的事情是逛一逛早七点的农贸市场。因此D项为最佳答案。

26. B。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，作者之所以不再购买冬季的西红柿是因为不论商店里的西红柿看起来多么诱人，买到家里就会变得又干又硬，索然无味。故选B项。

27. C。推理判断题。由最后一段所述可知，Brown’s Grove Farm是新开业的一家餐馆。Jack Dusty是供货方之一。再结合“I was planning to have dinner that very night.”一句可知作者打算去那儿用餐。因此答案为C。

C

【语篇导读】这篇短文主要介绍了现代著名艺术家Dali的作品风格及the world of Dali中的展品情况。28. B。推理判断题。短文首段介绍了艺术家Dali的作品。由“…with an exhibition bring together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.”一句可知，Dali的作品众多，是一个多产画家。故答案为B。29. A。推理判断题。根据第一段“…the visitors will find the best pieces, most importantly the Persistence of Memory”可知，该作品在Dali的最佳作品中是最重要的，由此可以推断它是Dali的杰作之一。

30. D。事实细节题。根据第二段末句中的“…follows a path of time and subject.”可知，Dali的作品是按时间和主题进行布展的。答案选D。

31. A。词义猜测题。由最后一段可知，展出的作品主要来源于两个途径：一是与马德里的一家艺术馆密切合作；一是靠像Salvador Dali Museum这样的机构的捐赠。联系全文大意及前一分句不难推测其它机构捐赠的是艺术作品。因此答案为A。

D

【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。作者从La Chope咖啡馆的经营特色谈起，介绍了巴黎的一些主题咖啡馆经营理念的变化及其大受欢迎的原因。

32. D。推理判断题。根据短文第一段第二句“”可知，顾客在这里可以学着与他们内心的真实情感取得联系。亦即将自己的真实情感表达出来。故答案为D。

33. A。推理判断题。由第二段“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle…”一句可知，在过去的几年里，巴黎咖啡馆的生意因法国人生活方式的变化而受损。由此可以推断，人们不再那么频繁地光顾咖啡馆了。因此答案为A。

34. C。推理判断题。第二段最末两句所传达的信息是：许多主题咖啡馆似乎要改变这种状况。那些聚集心理、历史和工程的咖啡馆大受欢迎，顾客盈门。据此可以判断这些咖啡馆是想通过改变管理理念挽回惨淡的生意。因此答案为C。

35. B。推理判断题。根据短文最后一段的前两句可知，料理家务的中年人，退休及失业人员来到这些心理咖啡馆，畅开心扉，与心理专家谈论爱恨情仇，以期获得精神上的支持。offer great comfort（提供慰藉）为解答本题的关键信息。因此答案选B。

第二节

【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。信任是来源于人们以往经历的一种非天生行为。但有时它也会带来风险。当我们失去对别人的信任时，该如何重新获得呢？本文向前读者介绍了几点实用的做法。

36. B。本题考查综合分析能力。前句讲的是信任是人们从过去的经历中学来的一种行为。本空在此基础上做进一步的说明，即信任就是依赖某人。故答案选B。

37. E。本题考查联系上下文的能力。本段的主要内容是，人们由于遭受欺骗或受到误导等而倍感受伤，不能忍受此类事情再次发生，从而就不再相信任何人。E项中的they与前句中的people相对应，且与下句“It’s understandable.”衔接自然，文意相通。故答案为E。

38. A。本题考查联系上下文的能力。后面一句是对空格的解释和说明。其中“Having confidence in yourself”与A项中的trust yourself意义相近。因此答案选A。

39. C。本题考查综合分析能力。通读本段可知其大意是：一旦遭到背叛，你就成为客观环境的受害者，但作为一名受害者和以受害者的身份去生活是不同的。所选答案应当包含关键词victim。由此可知答案为C。

40. G。本题考查运用语境进行推断的能力。本段的内容围绕主题句“You didn’t lose everything.”展开。一旦失去了信任，就要将目光放有仍然拥有的一切上面，对生活中美好的人或事心存感激。通过这一次的经历，给谅解和自身的成长提供足够的空间才是正确的做法。因此答案为G。另外，空格之后的Instead一词对解答本题有明显的提示作用。

第三部分：完形填空

【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了发生在自己身边的一件事。周末的时候作者和孩子们去超市的路上遇到了一个站在寒风中寻求帮助的人，他引导孩子们奉献爱心，快乐自己。通过这次经历，作者诠释了“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”的真谛。

41. A。考查语境中动词的辨析。联系下文内容及“Family to feed.”可知这个人失业了，还要养活家人。故答案为A。

42. C。考查语境中名词的辨析。那人手里拿着一张写有“失去工作，供养家人”的纸，站在冷风中。这种情景在超市外面并不常见。condition条件；place地方；sight情景，景象；show展示。显然唯有C项符合题意。

43. B．考查语境中名词的辨析。十岁的儿子看到这个站在冷风中的求助者十分感慨，发表评论（comment）。suggestion建议；decision决定；call电话；均不合句意。

44. A。考查语境中副词的辨析。由“in the cold wind”所提供的信息可以判断此人是站在超市外面的。

45. D。考查语境中动词的辨析。根据下文所述可知，我让孩子们挑选（pick）某种他们认为这位朋友喜欢（appreciate）的东西。draw绘画；say说出；arrange安排。均与语境不符。

46. C。考查语境中动词的辨析。见上一小题解析。order命令，订购；supply供应；discover发现。均不符合语境。

47. D。考查语境中名词的辨析。下一段“When I handed him the gift card…”一句已有暗示。

48. B。考查语境中形容词的辨析。根据前面“I thought about it.”以及接下来的“but… well, …”可知，我们的现金也不多了。easy容易；low （数量等）不足的；soft 柔软的；loose 松散的。B项显然符合句意。

49. A。考查语境中动词的辨析。由全文内容不难看出，作者和孩子们的举动是将财物赠与需要帮助的人。故答案为A。

50. D。考查语境中副词的辨析。有时，从生活需用品中节省出来赠与别人恰恰是（just）我们需要做的。其余选项不符合语意逻辑。

51. A。考查语境中动词的辨析。为了省出钱来去帮助别人，孩子们纷纷宣布自己这周可以取消不用的东西。declare 公布，宣布；share 分享，分担；ignore 忽视，不理睬；expect 期待。由句意可知答案为A。

52. C。考查语境中名词的辨析。联系上文“They got apples, a sandwich, and a bottle of juice.”一句可知，我们将这些食品递给这个人。故答案为C。

53. B。考查语境中形容词的辨析。根据本段结尾一句中的“…he burst into tears.”可知，这个人眼含泪水向我们表示感谢。sleepy困倦的；watery含水的；curious好奇的；sharp锐利的。由语境可知B项为正确答案。

54. B。考查语境中代词的辨析。由句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。从句谓语动词need之后缺少宾语，故可将D项排除。再结合句意“我告诉他可以用这张卡为家人购买生活必需品”可知答案非B莫属。55. A。考查语境中名词的辨析。由前文所述可知，这是一次非常棒的经济历，给了孩子们莫大的鼓舞。experience经历；example例子；message口信；adventure冒险。显然答案为A。

56. D。考查语境中短语动词的辨析。帮助别人，快乐自己。接连几天，孩子们都在寻找需要帮助的人。显然，D项意思与语境相吻合。

57. C。考查语境中副词的辨析。句意：如果我当时告诉孩子们没有钱去帮助更多的人，事情可能会完全不同，他们可能就不会有这样的举动。suddenly突然；vividly生动地；differently不同地；perfectly完美地。由句意可知C项为正确答案。

58. D。考查语境中名词的辨析。见上一小题解析。

59. C。考查语境中名词的辨析。综合前文所叙述的经历史可知，我和孩子们帮助了一位处于困境中的人。in need的意思是“患难；急需；处于困境中”。

60. B。考查语境中形容词的辨析。纵观全文，作者与孩子们的这一善举让他们品尝到了帮助别人的甜蜜，正所谓“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”。故答案为B。

【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案

【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 There might be as many as 10 million species of complex life on this planet today —— a huge number. But add up all of the complex species that ever lived and some biologists think the grand total would be about five billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing conclusion: a staggering 99% of species are not around any more. They have been driven to extinction. More species are joining the ranks of the extinct every year. Many scientists believe we are living through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction, on a scale that has been seen only five times in the last half a billion years. They call this current episode the sixth mass extinction —— a large, global decline in a wide variety of species over a relatively short period of time. And they tend to agree that humans are the main cause. Over-hunting, overfishing, and human-driven habitat loss are pushing many species to the brink. In fact, we have changed the planet so much that some geologists are now suggesting that we have entered a new phase in Earth's history; an epoch they call the ＂Anthropocene＂. By 2100, it is expected that humans will have caused the extinction of up to half of the world's current species. Because we are living through this extinction, it is relatively easy for us to study the driving forces behind it. But how do we determine what caused other mass die-offs that happened long ago? To do so we have to look at what archaeologists, palaeontologists, geologists and other scientists have concluded from the evidence they have gathered. The trouble is, those scientists do not always agree with one another —— even about the most recent extinction event. As well as the five-or six- mass extinctions, there have also been many smaller extinctions. One of these mini extinction events happened towards the end of the Pleistocene, a few tens of thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the ＂megafaunal＂ extinction because many of the species it claimed were particularly large animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However, its cause remains a debate amongst scientists. （1）What can we learn about the sixth mass extinction？ A. Humans are the main cause of it. B. It means a global decline over a long time. C. It occurred towards the end of the Pleistocene. D. Scientists still disagree about the cause of it. （2）What can be inferred from the text about species？ A. 99% of species will not be around any more by 2100. B. By the 22nd century, there will probably be about five million on this planet. C. About eight years later we will enter what is called the ＂Anthropocene＂. D. It is not easy for us to figure out causes behind the＂Anthropocene＂. （3）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ? A. Land animals. B. Marine life. C. Huge animals. D. Flesh-eating creatures.

高考英语全国卷

绝密★启用前2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．￡ 19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15. 答案是C。 1．What will the woman do this afternoon?

A．Do some exercise. B．Go shopping. C． Wash her clothes. 2．Why does the woman call the man? A ．To cancel a flight. B． To make an apology. C． To put off a meeting. 3．How much more does David need for the car? A．$ 5,000. B．$20,000. C．$25,000. 4．What is Jane doing? A．Planning a tour. B．Calling her father. C．Asking for leave. 5 ．How does the man feel? A．Tied. B．Dizzy. C．Thirsty. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Jack want to do? A. Watch TV. B. Play outside. C. Go to the zoo. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a cinema. C. In a supermarket. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Richard do?

高考英语全国卷阅读完型译文

2015真题（卷一） A. 伦敦运河博物馆每月脱口秀 除8月以外，我们的脱口秀节目将在每月第一个周四的19:30拉开序幕，持续到21:00左右结束。门票价格合理，无需预定。 11月7日场 运河先驱演讲者：克里斯*路易斯 詹姆斯*布林德利是人们公认的早期大运河的主要工程师之一，同时也是一名培训师，指导别人如何设计和建设大运河。克里斯*路易斯将向听众阐述布林德利是如何在培养早期“土木工程师”过程中做出如此积极贡献的。 12月5日场 都市之冰演讲者：马尔科姆*塔克 在冰箱问世之前，保存食物和餐饮业都需要冰块。马尔科姆*塔克向听众介绍天热冰块的引进史，建设冰井的技术，及伦敦的冰块贸易发展史。 2月6日场 科兹沃尔德丘陵运河的演变演讲者：利兹*佩恩 斯特劳德大运河将在不久后重新开放，而泰晤士河和塞文河还需要更久的时间。我们将对当前的发展进行解说。 3月6日场 河中“小岛”---泰晤士河岛演讲者：米兰达*维克 泰晤士河岛有很多小岛，米兰达对其都有所了解，她将向我们介绍其中最有趣的几个岛屿。在线订票：...... 更多信息..... B 今年冬天，寒冷的东北部实在是不适合过冬，所以当这个周末恰好有机会去佛罗里达的萨拉索塔时，天还没亮，我就迫不及待的收拾好行囊出发了。萨拉索塔是个温暖的地方，十分养人，一路上我都在想象着那里的沙滩和橙子树。当我们到达目的地，看到蔚蓝的天空，感受到温暖的空气时，我心中油然而生一种感激之情。整个周末我们都在游泳，品美酒，观日落（日落时间是在傍晚时分，不是下午四点），但是最和我口味的就是每天早晨7点的蔬菜大抢购，现在我们每天7点起床去萨拉索塔的农贸市场抢购蔬菜，为了这些蔬菜，起得再早也值得。 该农贸市场始建于1979年，每周六从早上七点开放至下午一点，沿着北柠檬街和洲街搭起帐篷，无论严寒酷暑，风雨无阻。市场种蔬菜水果品种繁多，有成筐的水灵灵的红草莓，有Java Dawg的咖啡卡车，车的两侧都刷着红漆，最吸人眼球的就是西红柿，又大又软，圆润红透。 我曾有过很多次买到（卖家）保证是自然成熟的西红柿，但实际却并非如此，失望之极，我已经很多年不在冬天买西红柿了。无论它们在商店里看上去多么诱人，只要一拿回家就会变干变硬，食之无味。但是在Brown’s Grove农场一个特殊的摊位上，全都是新鲜柔软的西红柿，犹如拳头大小，由于过后我还是买了一些。这笔交易还真不赖。在那一刻，我意识到冬天在萨拉索塔最好的经历就是，可以吃到一些回到纽约之后几个月都吃不到的食物。 看着眼前的西红柿，我很高兴，尤其是当我发现Brown’s Grove农场是Jack Dusty 的供应商之一时我更加开心了。Jack Dusty是在萨拉索塔丽嘉登酒店新开的一家餐厅。我也真是幸运，本来那晚我就打算去那里吃饭的。到了那儿我甚至可以不看菜单，就知道直接点和西红柿有关的菜就可以了。 C

2014年高考英语试题及答案全国卷2

2014年高考英语试题及答案全国卷2

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22.【答案】C 【解析】根据第四段中she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman可知，她因为是女性而被法律公司拒绝录用，故选C。 23.【答案】D 【解析】根据末段倒数第二句中and kicked off the civil-rights movement可知，Rosa Parks对民权运动做出了贡献，故选D。 24.【答案】C 【解析】根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱。故选C。 25.【答案】A 【解析】根据首段末句可知，Mildred Garza老人搬到离孩子近的地方居住让他们的关系更密切，一家人认为这是一个成功的故事，故选A。 26.【答案】D 【解析】根据第二段末句Two thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family可知，很多人会受Marian Robinson的影响，所以这回形成一种潮流。故选D。 27.【答案】C 【解析】根据第三段首句可知，在60年代人们都希望离开家，以此来证明自己的独立。故选C。 28.【答案】A 【解析】根据末段推知，作者建议人们要明智不要为了孩子而做出牺牲。故选A。 29.【答案】B 【解析】根据本段内容I've done 89 trips和I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B。 30.【答案】D 【解析】根据第一段第二句I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度，故选D 31.【答案】B 【解析】根据第二段末句She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed me through Newark可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班，故选B。 32.【答案】C 【解析】根据文章首段首句The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups可知，作者认为沉默是有文化特性的。 33.【答案】A

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