牛津版沪教版英语八年级(上)Unit 7 Memory 词句讲解+练习+答案

Unit 7 Memory

词汇讲解

1. lose

（1）lose作及物动词，意为“丢失；失败；走失；（使）失踪”。例如：

I lost my wallet yesterday. 我昨天丢了钱包。

It’s only the second time the team has lost a match this season.

那仅仅是本赛季该队的第二次失利而已。

（2）lose作不及物动词，意为“失败；经受损失”。例如：

The enemy lost heavily in the battle. 敌人在战争中损失惨重。

We have got so many debts, and we have nothing more to lose.

我们已经背负了这么多债务，实在损失不起了。

They lost themselves in the strange city. 他们在陌生的城市里迷了路。

Two ships were lost in the storm. 两艘船在这场暴风雨中迷失了。

【拓展】

lose的过去式及过去分词一样，为lost。（lost可作形容词，意为失去的、迷路的）

loser为其名词形式，意为“失败者”。

2. improve

（1）improve作及物动词，意为“改善；改进；提高”。例如：

Your work will get by, but try to improve it. 你的工作勉强通过了，但要设法改善它。

He offered a suggestion to improve the plan. 他提出一个建议，以改进那项计划。

I want to improve my English. 我想提高我的英语水平。

（2）improve作不及物动词，意为“变得更好”。例如：

Wine improves with age. 酒存放得越久越醇。

I hope the weather will improve before Friday. 我希望星期五之前天气会好转。

3. mind

mind作及物动词，意为“介意、照料、留神、注意”。常用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中，后面接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句。例如：

Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？

Don’t mind me. 不要管我。

【拓展】

mind还可作名词，意为“智力、头脑、想法、意见”。例如：

He has quick mind. 他头脑敏锐。

Tom changed his mind at last. 最后Tom改变了主意。

4. worth

（1）worth作名词，意为“价值”。例如：

The thieves stole 1 million pounds' worth of jewellery. 窃贼偷走了价值100万英磅的珠宝。

（2）worth作形容词，意为“值得的；值钱的”。通常的句型为sth. be worth doing…，意为“……值得……”。动名词短语在这里表被动的意义。例如：

The house is worth a lot of money. 这栋房子值很多钱。

The movie was worth seeing. 那部电影很值得看。

5. similar

similar作形容词，意为“相似的”。be similar to…意为“与……相似，接近”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如：

His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。

I guess it may be similar to the Hindu culture. 我猜想，这可能接近于印度文化。

【拓展】

（1）look like意为“看起来像……” 。应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。例如：

He looks like a famous movie star. 他看起来像一个电影明星。

It looks like it's going to rain soon. 天看起来要下雨。

（2）take after 最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。例如：

She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。

Adam was my grandfather and I take after him. 亚当是我的祖父，我和他很相像。

6. wish与hope

（1）相同点：表示“想；希望”，宾语可为to do，不能用doing。例如：

I hope/wish to visit Guilin. 我希望去桂林观光。

（2）不同点：wish后可以跟复合宾语，即wish sb. to do sth.，而hope不能。例如：

I wish you to go. (正) 我希望你去。

I hope you to go. (误) 我希望你去。

（3）两者都可接that从句，但是“hope + that从句”表示希望，“wish + that从句”表示愿望，且从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。例如：

I hope you’ll be better soon. 我希望你很快好起来。

I wish I were really wealthy. 但愿我真的富有。

（4）wish后可接双宾语。例如：

We wish you a happy New Year! 我们祝你新年快乐！

7. sound

sound作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后面跟名词或者形容词作表语，构成主系表结构。例如：Your idea sounds great. 你的想法听起来很不错。

sound当名词讲时，意为自然界的各种声音。例如：

Sound travels slower than light. 声音传播比光慢。

【拓展】

常见的连系动词有：be动词（am，is, are）；和感官有关的词（look 看起来，feel 摸起来，taste 吃起来，smell 闻起来）；表示改变，变化含义的词（get，become，turn，go, come）；以及其他常用词seem等。例如：

The food went bad. 食物坏了。

8. die

die作动词，意为“死”，其过去式为died，现在分词形式为dying。例如：

My grandfather died at the age of 86. 我爷爷在86岁时去世了。

Flowers will soon die if they are left without water. 如果不给花儿浇水，很快它们就会枯死。【拓展】

die，dead，death，dying都与“死”相关，区别如下：

（1）die是动词，强调动作。例如：

Dad, how did my dog die? 爸爸，我的狗是怎么死的？

（2）dead是形容词，be dead强调状态。例如：

My dog is dead. 我的小狗死了。

（3）death 是可数名词，可做主语或宾语。例如：

Car accidents caused many deaths. 车祸造成很多人死亡。

（4）dying作形容词，意为“快要死的，垂死的，临终的”。例如：

The little girl cried when she saw her dying cat. 看到快死的小猫，小女孩哭了。

9. finish

finish意为“完成，结束”，作及物动词时，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即：finish sth.或finish doing sth.。例如：

I finished my homework this morning. 我今天上午做完了作业。

When did you finish drawing the picture? 你什么时候画完那幅画的？

【拓展】

能接V-ing作宾语的动词还有：practice，enjoy，mind，keep等。例如：

practice doing sth. 练习做某事

enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

mind doing sth. 介意做某事

keep doing sth. 一直做某事

10. surprised

surprised 是形容词，意为“吃惊的，感到惊讶的”，句子的主语通常是人。例如：

I’m surprised at the accident. 我对这起事故感到很吃惊。

How surprised the students are! 学生们是多么吃惊啊！

【拓展】

（1）surprising也是形容词，意为“吃惊的，令人惊讶的”，常修饰物。例如：

He told me something surprising. 他告诉我一些令人吃惊的事情。

（2）surprise作动词时，意为“使……惊奇，使……感到意外、吃惊”。例如：

What surprised you? 什么事使你感到意外？

（3）surprise作名词时，意为“吃惊，惊讶”。这种吃惊可能包含着“高兴、害怕或忧虑”。1）作不可数名词时，表示“惊奇，惊异”。例如：

Her face showed surprise at the news. 听到这个消息，她的脸上露出了惊奇的表情。

2）作可数名词时，表示“惊奇、惊讶、意外的事或吃惊的事”。例如：

He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大感意外。

3）作名词用时还可构成短语：

to one’s surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是……”例如：

To my surprise, he passed the exam. 使我吃惊是，他竟然通过了考试。

in surprise吃惊地例如：

He looked at me in surprise. 他吃惊地望着我。

句式讲解

1. Because they enjoy learning about memory.

enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做……”或者“做……很开心/很享受”。其中的enjoy是动词，有“欣赏，享受，喜爱”等意思，后接名词、代词或动名词。例如：

People enjoy the city’s quie t street. 人民喜爱这个城市宁静的街道。

I enjoy listening to pop music. 我喜欢听流行音乐。

【拓展】

enjoy常见的习惯用语还有enjoy oneself“玩得开心，过得愉快”，和have a good time同义。例如：

They are enjoying themselves. = They are having a good time. 他们玩的很开心。

2. Because they want to help students improve their memory.

want作动词，意为“想要，需要”，其后可接名词、动词不定式等。常用于以下结构：（1）want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事例如：

He wants me to play with him. 他想让我和他一起玩。

He wants me to help him. 他想要我帮他。

（2）want to do sth. 想要做某事例如：

I want to have a rest. 我想要休息一下。

They want to go home. 他们想要回家。

（3）want sth. 想要某物例如：

She wants a pen. 她想要一支钢笔。

She wants a cup of tea. 她想要一杯茶。

【拓展】

want后接动词不定式时，相当于would like。want (sb.) to do sth.=would like (sb.) to do sth.

3. …if you remember how to spell the word…

句中how to spell the word为“疑问词+不定式”，在句中作宾语。不定式可以和疑问词what, how, when, where 等连用，共同作句子的宾语或表语等，但此时不定式一定要放在疑问词的后面。例如：

Can you show me how to turn off the computer? 你能让我看看如何关电脑吗？

(how to do sth.作宾语)

Where to spend the we ekend hasn’t been decided yet. 去哪里度过周末还没有被决定出来呢。

(where to do sth.作主语)

【拓展】

有些动词或动词词组，如decide, know, show, tell, forget, remember, learn, find out等可以用“疑问词加不定式”结构作宾语。例如：

I can’t tell how beautiful it is。我不能形容它有多美。

He has forgotten when the research started. 他已经忘记研究是什么时候开始的了。

4. For example, you may have trouble remembering the list….

have trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有麻烦”。例如：

He has trouble (in) learning English. 他学英语很吃力。

【拓展】

此类动名词前省略介词in的常用结构有：

have a difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难

have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦

have a problem (in) doing sth. 做某事有问题

have a good time (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心

have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心

spend some time (in) doing sth. 花时间做某事

have a difficult time (in) doing sth. 做某事很难/很费力

have a hard time (in) doing sth. 做某事很难/很费力

5. Unless you get enough sleep every night, you will not remember things well.

连词unless意为“除非……，如果不……”，多引导一个否定意义的真实条件句，有时也可引导非真实条件句。unless引导条件句时，主要用于下列情况：

（1）主句为肯定句。例如：

You will miss the bus unless you hurry up．你要不快点就会错过班车。

You’ll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder．

如果你不再加把劲，你化学考试还会不及格。

（2）主句为否定句。例如：

Unless I visit every bookstore in town，I shall not know whether I can get what I want．

如果我不到城里每一家书店去看看，我就不知道是否能买到我想要的书。

Unless you oil the motor regularly，it won’t run smoothly．

要不是你经常给发动机上油，它就不会转得那么顺畅。

You will never get anywhere unless you have set your goal．

如果你不设定目标，你哪儿也去不了。

【拓展】

unless在意义上相当于if...not，因此在有些场合中unless与if...not可换用。

Unless I am mistaken, I’ve seen that man before．=

If I am not mistaken, I’ve seen that man before．如果我没搞错，我以前见过那个人。

6. You will be late for school if you do not leave now.

这是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，要注意条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。遵循“主将从现”原则。另外，主句也可以用祈使句或含有情态动词的句子。if译为“如果”。例如：

Please ask for help if you have some problems. 如果你有问题，请寻求帮助。

If he comes, I will give him a treat. 如果他来，我会招待他。

If the rain d oesn’t stop, we will stay here.如果这场雨不停的话，我们就呆在这儿。

【拓展】

if 还可以引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，与whether意思一样。例如：

I’m not yet sure if we could win. 我还没有把握确定我们是否能赢。

I wonder if you are a new student. 我想知道你是否是新学生。

She wondered whether you were free that morning. 她想知道你那天上午是否有空。

Unit 7 Memory

词汇练习

I. 把下列词组英汉互译。

1．how to do ______________________ 2．或者……或者……_____________________ 3．for example_____________________ 4．have trouble doing sth．_______________ 5．砍倒_______________________ 6．the list of steps___________________ 7．水循环_____________________ 8．一个……另一个…… __________________ 9．不得不___________________ 10．in the future _____________________

II. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。

1．I l___________ my ruler yesterday．I am always looking for it.

2．It made me ___________(想起) my own visit to Beijing．

3．Reading a lot can i___________ your English．

4．Han Liang doesn’t do well in English．His ___________(拼写) is bad．

5．The book is worth ___________(读)．

6．Mr. Forgot has a bad ___________(记忆)．

7．There is a chair in the ___________(角落) of the room．

8．Mrs. Black has good and proper ___________(方法) to get their children to do housework．9．My mum often goes shopping with a shopping l___________.

10．The two words sounds s___________.

III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。

1．Running stars should eat lots of ___________(health) food．

2．The people on vacation are really ___________(relax) .

3．We had great fun___________(play) in the water last Monday．

4．Don’t make so much ____________(noisy)．My little brother is sleeping.

5．We can practice ___________(speak) English with others at the English corner．

句式练习

I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1．The pen is only five yuan．(就划线部分提问)

___________ ___________ is the pen?

2．There is only one piano in the room．(就划线部分提问)

___________ ____________ ___________ ____________ ___________ in the room? 3．Dick is so weak that he can’t move the big box．(改为简单句)

Dick is ___________ ____________ ___________ ____________ the big box.

4．Eat something before you see a dentist．(改为否定句)

___________ eat ___________ before you see a dentist

5．The people at the concert had a wonderful time．(改为同义句)

The people at the concert ___________ ____________ .

II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1．你真傻，不肯原谅别人的错误。

_________ ________ ________ ________ ________ not to forgive others for their mistakes．2．她逐步地学会了说英语。

She learnt to speak English ___________ ___________ ___________．

3．丹尼在中国的风俗习惯方面有些麻烦。

Danny ___________ ___________ ___________ Chinese customs．

4．除非你努力学习，否则你的英语考试将不及格。

You’ll fail in your English exam ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________．5．除非你有地图，否则你很容易迷路。

___________ ___________ ___________ __________ __________，you will get lost easily．6．如果明天不下雨，我们就去徒步旅行。

If it ___________ ___________ tomorrow，we ___________ ___________ ____________．7．如果你待在家里，你会感到无聊。

If you ___________ ____________ home，you ___________ ___________ bored．

8．如果你有任何问题，请给我打电话。

Please ___________ ____________ ____________ if you ___________ any questions．

III．语法专项练习—同义句转换。

1．You must be quick．If not, you’ll miss the early bus．

___________ quick，___________ you’ll miss the earl y bus．

2．Jim’s mother let him watch TV after he finished his homework．

Jim’s mother ___________ let him watch TV until he finished his homework．

3．If you don’t help me，I can’t finish my work on time．

___________ ___________ help，I can’t finish my wor k on time．

4．If you play basketball here，you may break the windows．

___________ play basketball here，____________ you may break the windows．

5．Don’t watch TV if you don’t finish your homework．

___________ watch TV ____________ you finish your homework．

IV．补全对话。（2014江西南昌中考）

补全对话。请阅读下面对话，从方框内7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成对话。

Kate: Good morning, Jack. 1

Jack: Oh no!

Kate: What do you mean, “Oh no”？

Jack: I think I left it … on the kitchen table! I was hurrying because I was late.

Kate: 2

Jack: I’m very sorry!

Kate: Well, it doesn’t matter. 3 But can you bring it tomorrow?

Jack: Yes, OK. I’m sorry!

Kate: It’s all right. See you tomorrow. …Oh, Jack, What's the matter? 4

Jack: Well, I remember your book isn’t at ho me. I think I left it on the bus!

Kate; Oh, my god! 5

Unit 7 Memory

词汇练习答案

I. 把下列词组英汉互译。

1．如何做2．either…or…3．例如4．做某事有困难5．cut down 6．步骤的清单7．water cycle 8. one…the other…9. have to 10. 在将来

II. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成下列句子。

1．lost 2．remember 3．improve 4．spelling 5．reading 6．memory 7．corner 8．methods/ways 9. list 10. similar

III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。

1．healthy 2．relaxed 3．playing 4．noise 5．sleeping

句式练习答案

I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1. How much

2. How many pianos are there

3. too weak to move

4. Don’t；anything

5. had fun/ enjoyed themselves

II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1．It is silly of you

2．step by step

3．had trouble with

4．unless you work hard

5．Unless you have a map

6．doesn’t rain；will go hiking

7．stay at；will get

8．call me up，have

III．语法专项练习—同义句转换。

1．Be；or 2．didn’t 3．Without your 4．Don’t；or 5．Don’t；unless

IV．补全对话。

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Unit1 Encyclopaedias Look it up! Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia. Da Vinci, Leonardo Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (See Art) Dinosaurs Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could even fly.Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody knows why. However, we can learn about them from their fossils. (See Earth history) Module 1 C Vocabulary C1 The words in italics are from the two articles. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences. 1 When somebody is born, he/she . a comes out of his/her mother's body c leaves his/her parents b goes to see a doctor 2 Benny's grandparents live in the countryside. They live the city. a inside b outside c in the centre of 3 Birds have a musical ability. They sing. a can b cannot c are happy to 4 The book includes some beautiful photos. These photos are the book. a part of b at the end of c connecte d to 5 A human being is a(n) . a animal b machine c person C2 Complete the article below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary. even however invention notebook perhaps scientist When I was young, I used to keep a .I wrote many poems and drew many pictures of different in it.They were not very good, but they helped me think and dream. Now I am a famous and I do many important things.my journey began when I was at school, with my studies, and my poems and pictures. I was a student just like you. you will do something important or become famous one day. Just remember to think and to dream. D Comprehension D1 Below are some notes about the encyclopaedia articles, but some of the facts are wrong. Read the articles and correct the notes if necessary. 1 Da Vinci, Leonardo a he lived from 1425 to 1519. b He was born in the city. c He showe d great artistic ability from an early age. d H e is famous for his paintings and books.