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中国文化英语翻译

Unit1 中国丝绸

中国是丝绸的故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。商周时期（前1600——前256）丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。西汉（前206——公元25）时张蹇通西域，把中元与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世，成为中国文化的象征、东方文明的使者。

Chinese Silk

China is the home of silk. Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and thickening are all great inventions of the ancient Chinese. As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (1600-BC256BC), the Chinese people’s silk-weaving techniques had reached an extremely high level. During the Western Han Dynasty(206BC-25AD),Zhang Jian ,an outstanding diplomat ,traveled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sino-foreign trade, exchange and communication. From then on, China’s silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color , and abundant cultural connotations. Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization.

Unit 2 中国园林

中国园林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合的环境艺术，是我国古代建筑艺术的珍宝。其建造原则是“妙极自然，宛自天开”。游赏中国古典园林，能充分领略“假自然之景，创山水真趣”的园林意境。在世界三大园林体系中，中国园林历史悠久、内涵丰富，被誉为世界造园史上的渊源之一。

Chinese Classical Garden

The Chinese classical garden is a precious treasure of our ancient Chinese architecture. It is a kind of environment art, which systematically combines artificial mountains and rivers, plants and buildings with the natural landscape. The construction standard of a Chinese classical garden is “artificial as it is, the garden must look ingenious and natural. ” When you go sightseeing in a Chinese classical garden, you should be able to appreciate its artistic concept which “makes use of the natural landscape to create the real fun of mountains and rivers foe v iewers.” Of the world’s three major

garden systems, the Chinese classical garden is hailed as one of the origins of the world ’s garden due to its long history and abundant connotations.

Unit3 文房四宝

笔墨纸砚是中国古时文人书房当中必备的宝贝，被称为“文房四宝”。用笔墨书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前。秦（前221——前206）时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔；汉代（前206——公元220）以人工制墨代替了天然墨；有了纸张以后，简牍锦帛逐失使用；砚台则随笔墨的使用而发展。“文房四宝”到宋朝（960——1279）以后特指湖笔（浙江湖州）、徽墨（安徽徽州）、宣纸（安徽宣州）、端砚（广东肇庆，古称端州）。可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。

The Four Treasures of the Study

The writing brush, inkstick, inkstone, and paper were requisite treasures in the study of the scholars of ancient China, and they are often referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study. ” The writing brush and inkstick have been used by the Chinese to write and paint since 5,000 years ago. In the Qin Dynasty(221BC-206BC),people already used feathers of different hardness and bamboo trunks to make brushes. During the Han Dynasty(206BC-220AD), man-made ink was used instead of natural ink. After paper was invented by the Chinese , bamboo slips, wooden tables, brocade and silk, which originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out. The inkstone was first developed with the use of writing brushes and ink. After the Song Dynasty(960AD-1279AD),the “Four Treasures of the Study” particularly refer red to hubi, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the inkstick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province ; xuan paper, a kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui province and duanyan, the inkstone made in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province (Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou). Indeed, the “Four Treasures of the Study ” have written the whole Chinese civilization, as it is.

Unit 4 对联

对联又称楹联或对子，是依中文语言一字一音的特征撰写的一种民族文体。中国对联的哲学深渊及深层民族文化心理，乃是古代中国人把握和认识事物的阴阳二元观念。对联的特征是“对仗”：字数相等，词性相同，平仄相合，内容相关，节奏相应。对联习俗多样，有春联、婚联、寿联、挽联、茶联等。

Antithetical Couplets

The antithetical couplet(also called duilian) is also known as yinglian or duilian. An antithetical couplet is kind of national writing style, which is

composed by the skillful manipulation of the characteristic of the Chinese language that one character corresponds with one syllable. The philosophical origin and national cultural psychology of the antithetical couplet are the notion of yin-yang duality, according to which the Chinese recognize and

master things. The feature of the antithetical couplet is an “antithesis ”: equal characters, the same part of speech, the level and oblique fitting with each other, the contents being related, and the rhythms corresponding. There

are many types of antithetical couplets, such as Spring Festival couplets, marriage couplets, birthday couplets, elegiac couplets, and antithetical about tea, etc.

Unit 5 中国围棋

中国古代四大艺术“琴棋书画”的“棋”特指围棋。围棋可谓中国的国棋。古称为弈，别称坐稳、手谈。围棋规则则简单而玄妙无穷。棋盘方圆不及二尺，有十九纹棋路，三百

六十一枚棋子。表面上对弈双方是对黑白棋子的排布，实则是个人心智、胆识、耐力的比拼。围棋象征宇宙天地，包含了象数易理、兵法策略、治国安邦等无穷的哲理，充分体现

了中国文化中的智慧与灵性。

Chinese Weiqi

The four art forms in ancient China are guqin, chess, penmanship, and painting. And chess particularly refers to Chinese Weiqi. Weiqi could be

called the national chess of China. In ancient times, Weiqi was called Yi,

with the alternative names Zuoyin and Shoutan. The regulations of Weiqi are

both simple and complex at the same time. A full Weiqi set has 361 playing pieces and is played on a board with a 19

by 19 grid. The circumference of the board is less than 2/3 metre. Playing Weiqi may look like an arrangement of two sides’ black and white

pieces .However ,it is actually a competition between two players and it tests their wisdom, courage, and patience. Weiqi symbolized Heaven and Earth. It contains countless philosophical theories, such as the theories embodied in

the image-numerology in The Book Of Changes, the art of war, and theories on state administration and national security, which embodies the wisdom and the spirit of Chinese culture.

Unit 6 中国京剧

京剧被誉为“东方歌剧”，是地道的中国国粹。它起源于中国多种古老的地方戏剧，

特别是南方的“徽班”。到了19世纪末，京剧形成并成为中国最大的戏曲剧种。京剧是

综合性表演艺术，集唱（歌唱）、念（念白）、做（表演）、打（武）、舞（舞蹈）为一

体，通过程式化的表演手段，叙述故事，刻画人物。角色主要分为生（男性）、旦（女性）、净（男性）、丑（男性女性皆有）四大行当

Chinese Beijing Opera

Praised as “Oriental Opera,” Beijing Opera is a g enuine national quintessence of China. It originated from many kinds of ancient local operas, especially huiban in southern China. At the end of the 19th Century,

Beijing Opera evolved and took shape, becoming the greatest kind of opera in China. Beijing Opera portrays and narrates the plot and characters through stylized acting. The main type of roles in Beijing Opera are

sheng(male),dan(young female), jing(painted face, male), and chou(clown, male or female).

Unit 7 中国道教

道教是中国土生土长的宗教。创始人是春秋（前770——前476）末期的哲学家、思想家老子。道教以老子所著的《道德经》为主要经典。道家主张“重人贵生”，崇尚清静无为、修身养性。“道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。无名天地之始；有名万物之母。故常无，欲以观其妙；常有，欲以观其徼”便是老子的至理名言。

Chinese Taoism

Taoism first originated in China. The founder of Taoism is Laozi, a philosopher and thinker who lived in the late Spring and Autumn Period (770BC-476BC). Tao Te Ching, whose authorship has been attributed to Laozi, is considered to be the main Taoism classic. Taoism advocates the value of a human being’s life, recommends the discarding of all desires and worries from one’s mind, and encourages the cultivation of moral character and the nourishment of human nature. The following is an example of Laozi’s golden sayings:

The way that can be told of is not an unvarying way;

The names that can be named are not unvarying names.

It was from the nameless that Heaven and Earth sprang;

The named is but the mother that rears the ten thousand creatures, each after its kind.

Truly, only he that rids himself forever of desire can see the secret essences; He that has never rid himself of desire can see only the outcomes.

Unit 8 中国成语

成语是汉语中意义完整地表示一般概念的固定词组或短语。“成语”中的“成”

即是约定俗成。成语是比词大而语法功能又相当于词的语言单位。绝大多数的中国成

语由四个汉字组成，例如：自强不息、青出于蓝、厚积薄发。成语主要从民间谚、古代文

学作品、诗歌、寓言、典故、名言警句等方面提炼而成，是汉语语言中精炼而又富有生命

力的一部分。

Chinese Idioms

Chinese idioms refer to comprehensive and integrated fixed phrases and expressions. Idioms are established and accepted by constant usage and common practice. An idiom is a language unit that is larger than a word, but has the same grammatical function as a word. Most Chinese idioms consist of four characters. For example, ziqiangbuxi(make unremitting efforts to improve oneself), qingchuyulan(blue than indigo), and houjibofa(success comes with

time and effort). Idioms are extracted from folk proverbs, ancient works of literature, poems, fables, allusions, and well-known sayings. Idioms are a

part of the Chinese language that are concise and have great vitality.

Fill in the blanks with proper words

refers to; approval; consists of; discussion; accounts for; main; puts forward; a series of; deals with; gone through; rather than; increasing; expand; marketing; summed

This report concerns the delivery serves we wish to 1______for our clients. Our market research company has already given the information to the_2_____ department on their recent research. The _3_____points of this information

will be given in_4____ short reports for the committee to examine in their own time.

The marketing department has now made a plan of action for_5_____ our delivery service. The Managing Director has examined this carefully and given

it his 6______. Essentially it presents three suggestions for 7______and explains the reasons why we should consider a slow _8_____a rapid expansion.

This report 9______those reasons and is in three parts it gives more

details about the difficulties we have had with recruiting staff:

1 it gives more details about the difficulties we have had with recruiting staff.

2 it explains why our delivery service had problems last month.

3 it 10______the problems caused by rising inflation.

Key: 1.expand; 2.marketing; 3.main; 4.a series of; 5.increasing;

6.approval;

7.descussion;

8.rather than;

9.summrizes; 10.deals with

The sun is shinning and everything looks bright. Stand in the sun. Can you feel the heat of the sun? The sun that gives the heat is very far away. It is hard to believe but the sun is 1______one hundred and fifty million

kilometers_2_____. If a plane flew day and night _3_____stopping, it would

take nearly 18 years to ___4___ the sun. The sun does seem very big to us, but it’s really very huge. One million bal ls ___5___ our earth could fit inside

the sun. The sun looks small because it is so far away.

Our earth is cool enough to ___6___ because the hot sun is so far away. If the sun

were much nearer, our earth would be too hot to live on. If there

were__7____ sun, the earth would be so cold that __8____could live on it.

Aren ’t we___9___ be just about the right distance___10___ the sun?

around, no, get to, lucky to, run into, live on, from, go off, something, about, likely to, into, away, turn into, give, better, nothing, without, much, as big as

Key: 1about 2away 3without 4get to 5as big as 6live on 7no 8nothing 9lucky to 10from

hold; constitutes; only ; tends; cherishes; puts; both; alert; explosively; with; flight; alter; on the face of; shrinking; trend ; entire; completely; gold; board; impossible; another; town; empty; bought; anything

Although the United States______1 the tradition that it is a nation of

small towns and wide open spaces, ______2 one in every eight Americans now

lives on a farm. The recent population ______3 has been a double one, toward

______4 urbanization and suburbanization. Merropolitan areas have grown______5 in the past decade, and nearly half this increase has been in the suburbs.

______6 the rapid growth of cities has come equally rapid decentralization（分散，疏散）. The______7 of Americans from the central city to the suburbs

______8 one of the greatest migrations of modern times; quiet residential sections outside cities have become big gathering of streets, split-level houses, and shopping centers.

This spurt of suburban expansion, however, does not______9 the basic fact that the United States has become one of the most urban nations______10 the earth. Census Bureau figures show that the rural population has been ______11 steadily since 1830. When the United States became a nation it had no large cities at all; today some fifty cities have populations of more than 258,000. Mammoth complexes of cities are developing in the area of the East Coast and

the east north-central states, on the Pacific and Gulf coasts, and near the shores of the Great Lakes. Some sociologists now regard the ____12__ 600-mile stretch between Boston and Washington, D.C.-an area holding a fifth of the country’s population -as one vast city or, as they call it, megalopolis.

Key: 1Cherishes; 2 only ; 3 trend ; 4 both ; 5 explosively; 6 With; 7 flight; 8 constitutes; 9 alter; 10 on the face of 11 shrinking; 12 entire

Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in

large__1___ on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under

___2___ circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their ___3___ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily

hassles(困难). People with strong social ties live ___4___ and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a ranger of illnesses, from

___5___ to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off (挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more ___6___.

Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they ___7___ us. Our self-

respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others___8___ our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to ___9___ and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third , we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social need while

at the same tome distracting(转移…注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support---___10___ aid, material resources, and needed services--- that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

A likely

B dependent

C amount

D interpersonal

E disappointment

F financial

G measure

H confine

I define

J value

K depression

L despite

M longer

N stressful

O probable

Key: 1.G 2.N 3.L 4.J 5.O 6.E 7.H 8.C 9.A 10.F

常见中国传统文化名词英语翻译

常见中国传统文化名词英语翻译风水：Fengshui; geomantic omen 阳历：solar calendar 阴历：lunar calendar 闰年：leap year 十二生肖：zodiac 春节：the Spring Festival 元宵节：the Lantern Festival 清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节：the Double-ninth Day 七夕节：the Double-seventh Day 春联：spring couplets 春运：the Spring Festival travel 把中国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运：turn the Chinese character for luck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sounds like arrival) and put it on your door to bring in good fortune for the new year 庙会：temple fair 爆竹：firecracker 年画：(traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱：New Year gift-money 舞龙：dragon dance 舞狮：lion dance 元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯：festival lantern 灯谜：lantern riddle 食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要，但甜食对于农历新年特别重要，因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。Food is central to all Chines festivals, but sugary snacks are especially important for Lunar New Year, since they sweetne up prospects for the coming year. 传统的佳节食物包括年糕、八宝饭、饺子、果脯和瓜子。Traditional holiday treats include nian gao (rice pudding), ba bao fan (eight treasure rice), jiao zi (crispy dumplings), candied fruits and seeds. 四合院：Siheyuan/ Quadrangle 亭/阁：pavilion/attic 刺绣：Embroidery 剪纸：Paper Cutting 书法：Calligraphy 针灸：Acupuncture 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 偏旁：radical 战国：Warring States 人才流动：Brain Drain/Flow 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl 黄土高原：Loess Plateau 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals ——仅供参考

中国成语英语翻译大全

中国成语英语翻译大全 Where there is a will, there is a way。有志者。事竟成爱屋及乌Love me，love my dog. 百闻不如一见Seeing is believing。比上不足，比下有余"worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best， but be better than the worst 笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start。不眠之夜white night 不以物喜,不以己悲not pleased by external gains，not saddened by personnal losses 不遗余力spare no effort; go all out； do one\'s best 不打不成交”No discord, no concord. 拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new； ring out the old year and ring in the new 大事化小,小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 大开眼界open one\'s eyes; broaden one\'s horizon; be an eye-opener 国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short； too much is as bad as too little 功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits。好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore， one prays no more 好事不出门，恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 和气生财Harmony brings wealth 活到老，学到老One is never too old to

中西方文化差异与英语翻译的探讨-4页精选文档

中西方文化差异与英语翻译的探讨对中西文化差异的了解是促进中西方语言教学和翻译工作。中西文化差异是多方面的，但总体归纳起来主要体现以下三个方面：一、宗教文化差异宗教文化是人类文化的一个重要组成部分,它指的是由民族的宗教信仰、意识等所形成的文化,表现为不同民族在崇尚、禁忌等方面的文化差异。儒教、道教和佛教是中国的三大宗教,他们在中国民众中有着深远的影响。在我国的传统文化中,有道教的“玉帝”,佛教的“阎王”,而这些概念在欧美文化中并不存在。欧美人多信仰基督教,认为世界是上帝创造的,世上的一切都是上帝安排的。这是中西宗教文化方面存在的差异之一。在宗教词汇方面,虽然汉语和英语中都有对应的词汇,但它们所蕴含的宗教文化信息却不同。例如,“龙”与“dragon”虽然本义相同,但其引申义和蕴含的宗教文化信息则大相径庭。在我国文化中,“龙”象征着“神圣、高贵吉祥”。在古代,“龙”是传说中“上天”的神物,所以皇帝都自喻为“龙”,皇帝的子孙被称为“龙子”、“龙孙”,帝王所用的东西都冠以“龙”字:龙廷、龙袍、龙床。在一定意义上,“龙”是中华民族渊远流长的五千年文明史的象征。因此,中国人常常把自己比喻为“龙的传人”。而英语中的“dragon(龙)”是一种没有“地位”的爬行动物,象征着“怪物、魔鬼、凶残”。因此,如果在翻译时遇到此类词汇就应该要注意,尽量避免造成读者的误解。二、地域文化差异地域文化指的是由所处地域、自然条件和地理环境所形成的文化,表

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英语六级翻译必备词汇——中国文化

英语六级翻译必备词汇——中国文化来源：文都图书自从四六级改革以后，翻译就由之前的部分句子汉译英变成了整段的汉译英，这对于考生来说难度确实加大不少。新翻译涉及到社会、经济、历史、文化等等，这就要求大家在这些方面多加注意并积累。文都在这里给大家总结了一些有关中国文化的必备词。火药gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术paper-making 指南针the compass 《三字经》The Three-Word Chant 《三国演义》Three Kingdoms 《西游记》Journey to the West; 《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions 中国画traditional Chinese painting 书法calligraphy 水墨画Chinese brush painting; 中国结Chinese knot 旗袍Cheongsam 京剧人物脸谱Peking Opera Mask 相声comic crosstalk

皮影戏shadow play; 说书story-telling 武术martial art 阳历solarcalendar 阴历lunarcalendar 剪纸：Paper Cutting 书法：Calligraphy 针灸：Acupuncture 太极拳：Tai Chi 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 孟子：Mencius 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck 火锅：Hot Pot 关于六级翻译，内容还是比较广泛的，对于日常生活中比较常见的词语最好都要弄清它的英文翻译。平时也要多注意进行练习，因为是新题型，所以真题比较少，大家可以配套文都出版的《大学英语六级考试真题精析与标准预测》，里面附赠20片短文翻译，让大家有题可做。

浅谈中西方文化差异背景下英语翻译技巧

浅谈中西方文化差异背景下英语翻译技巧随着目前世界间交流联系的日益紧密，语言屏障的突破成为人们的在进行文化交流中的障碍，翻译的这一语言的转化过程，有效的帮助人们突破语言的屏障，形成更为广泛的交流。在翻译的进行过程中，不仅需要对于所翻译内容的语言以及语法具有充分的理解以及认知，还需要具备东西方文化的背景知识，作为翻译过程中能够帮助译者进行理解的重要手段，其中也存在着一部分的翻译技巧，可以通过系统的学习进行掌握，本文对此展开探讨。标签：中西方；文化差异；英语；翻译技巧；探讨引言：在文化的形成过程中，主要是根据不同语言的应用所形成的。中国的语言文字来源于古老的形象文字，英语作为一种字母文字其中存着较大的区别。在历史文化的发展中，中国历史文化的发展始终在统一以及连续中进行，英语国家在历史中面对着文化断层等种种问题，因此英语文化与中华文化之间存在差异较大，需要将其中的文化差异进行理解，并在翻译的过程中进行体现。一、翻译的过程中存在的问题 1、文化基础不够牢固。在语言的翻译过程中，首先需要具备专业的英文基础，对于所需要翻译的内容进行深度的阅读以及理解，其次在进行语言转换的过程中，需要遵循着信达雅的原则。在精确的阐明其英文语言意义的同时，能够将其中所包含的文化内容，用中文的中类似的形式进行展现。由于目前一些翻译人员的文化基础不够牢固，在进行翻译的过程中，对于英语文化性的内容缺乏理解。例如，在英语的别称中，有Lone Star State这一名词，翻译者的文化积淀程度不足，即不能够对此进行准确的翻译。此外，也存在着一些翻译者的中文文化程度不足，不能够对于所需要翻译的内容进行充分的中文表达的状况[1]。 2、忽视语言环境。在英语的翻译过程中，需要对于词汇的实际应用语境具有明确的认知，帮助翻译者对于整体的文章内容和个别语句之间的关系進行理解。在实际的语言翻译中，翻译者存在着脱离语境，进行独立的句意理解的情况。 3、对于语言互用情况的重视程度不足。随着我国的经济文化发展，许多的汉语词汇在英文世界中已经形成固定的意向群，以及固定的用法。由于这一部分的内容较新，许多学校的课程设置中没有进行课程的设置，翻译者缺少西方文化的背景或者经历，对此了解的程度不足，造成了翻译中仍旧以自我的理解方式进行翻译，反而造成了英语母语者的理解困难。

60个中国成语英文翻译

60个中国成语英文翻译 1.爱屋及乌 Love me, love my dog. 2.百闻不如一见（眼见为实） Seeing is believing. 3.比上不足比下有余 Worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst. 4.笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start. 5.不眠之夜 White night 6.不以物喜不以己悲 Not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 7.不遗余力 Spare no effort; go all out; do one's best 8.不打不成交 No discord, no concord. 9.拆东墙补西墙

Rob Peter to pay Paul 10.辞旧迎新 Bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 11.大事化小小事化了 Try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 12.大开眼界 Open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener 13.国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace 14.过犹不及 Going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 15.功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits. 16.好了伤疤忘了疼 Once on shore, one prays no more 17.好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 18.和气生财