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unit3outofstep练习答案综合教程三

Unit 3 Out of Step

Key to the Exercises

Text comprehension

I.Decide which of the fol lowing best states the author1s purpose of v/r iting.

(The aut hor br i ngs the attention of Americans to the fac t t hat t hey walk too little by citing many of his persona I exper i ences as v/e I I as ot hers* ? He does not wr i te out any solution to the problem; he simply "sounds the siren" as the last sentence of the passage shows: "And if that isn't sad, I don*t know what is.")

Judge, according to the t ext, whe ther the fol lowing stat emen ts are t rue or

1 ? T (Refer to Paragraph 1 ? The author and h i s wi fe wan ted to live i n a sma I I, compact, and sedate town where they can go about their business on foot when they moved back tot he Uni ted S tates. As a resu It, t hey se ttl ed down in Hanover, a typical New E ng I and town.)

2.T (Refer to Paragraph 6. Though it was convenient to go about one's business on foot in the town, the author could hard Iy f ind anyone eIse who did so. His acqua intances in the early days would "depart reluctantly, even guiltily” when failing to persuade the author to accept a ride as if they escaped the scene of an accident without giving thei r names?)

3. F (People Iike the man who drove his car to do the chores and the woman who comp I a i ned about the difficulty of parking outside the gymnas i um make a clear distinet ion between exercise and walking for business? They M jog extravagant d i stances" or v/aIk on the treadmiI I, but they never take walking on the s idewaIk as a form of exercise?)

4.T (Refer to Paragraphs 18 and 19. The pedestrian ma I I construeted in the ear Iy 1970s in Laconia proved to be a commercial disaster simply because people had to wa I k one whole block to the ma I I from the nearest parking place? When the shopping ma I I was reconstrueted so that people could park thei r cars immediately before the stores, downtown Laconia thrived again? That suggests how re Iiant Amer icans are on thei r cars?)

III.Answer the foI Iow ing questions.

1.Refer to Paragraphs 3 to 6? They find it odd to see the author waIking around for his business and they even fee I siightly guilty for leaving the author on the sidewaIk without driving him to the place he is going to.

2.Refer to Paragraphs 2, 3 and 7. Ordinary Americans, even in this agreeable and easy place to go about

on foot, have vi rtually never done so. In fact, in the ?, peopIe have got accustomed to using the car for everything?

3.Refer to Paragraphs 7 to 9. The Amer ican people have come to depend on cars for almos t every thing to the extent that t hey have forg otten abo ut wha t t hey can do with thei r legs? Sometimes, they wouId take great and ridiculous trouble with driving rather than take an easy waIk?

4.Refer to Paragraph 14. According to an editorial in The Boston GIobe, the ? has spent less than one percent of its transportation budget on facil ities for pedestri ans. The government, in this sense, has basically ignored the need for pedestri ans, which has caused some trouble for the author and discouraged people from going about on thei r business on foot.

5.Refer to Paragraphs 16 and 17. He is sad because he has come to realize, from the case of Laconia,?,that people don't walk anywhere anymore in the country?

IV.Explain in your own words the fol lowing sentences?

1? People in the United States tend to dr ive for every purpose, so much so that they have forgotten that they still have legs and about what thei r legs can do.

2.I admit that I had never realized how poorly equipped our bodies are in this respect?

3.… Maybe I was the only person who had ever attempted to cross that intersection on foot. Structural analysis of the text

The author develops his ideas by means of examples? He cites factual and ver if iable examples: the man he observed outside the post office, his conversation with an acquaintance of his who wouId drive to the gym to do exercises, his own effort to wa I k across the st ree t and the commerc i a I fai I ure of the pedes tr i an m al I i n Lac on i a. These examples have made hi s idea more effective and convincing?

Rhetori cal features of the text

1."I confess it had not occurred to me how thoughtless Iy deficient nature i s i n the regard?"(Paragraph 13) (for self-debasement)

2."An acquain tance of ours was comp I a i n i ng the ot her day abo ut the d iff icu Ity of finding

a place to park out side the local gymnasiu m. She goes t here severa I ti mes

a v/eek to v/a Ik on a treadmi II. The gymnasium is, at most, a s ix-minute wa Ik from her front door?"(Paragraph 10) (for sat ire on some r idiculous contradiction in a particular act)

Vocabulary exercises

1.Explain the under Iined part in each sentence in your own words?

1? pleasant/comfortable, practicaI Iy

2.very long, (places of) physical exercises

3.was made to reaIize this

4.decided not to have coffee and instead to go (to the bookstore)

5.he Id in mind

I I. Fi I I in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropr iate form?

1. going about

2. going through

3. pops out

4. pace off

5. pul led up

6. dug out

7. strolI up to 8. habituated to

1. negot iated

2. debonai r

3. dodgi ng

4. not i on

5. compact

6. contortion

7. thr ive 8. undertaking

III. Fi I I in the blanks with the appropr iate forms of the given words.

1. disagreeable

2. eccentr icity

3. acquainted

4. ridicule

5. tr i umphaI 6, deficiencies

7. woefuI Iy & contorted

IV. Fi I I in the blank in each sentence with an appropr iate phrasaI verb or

V.Gi ve a synonym or an antonym of the word under I ined in each sentence in the sense it is used?

1? Antonym: bus11i ng (exci t i ng)

col I ocation taken from the text.

Synonym: old (time-honored) 3.

Antonym: depressed (downhearted, Iow-spi r ited) 4.

Synonym: absurd (ridiculous)

■ 5? Antonym: indifferent (unconcerned)

Synonym: infuriating (i rr itating) 7.

Antonym: failure (defeat) 8. Synonym: aga in

Grammar exercises

I. Comp I e te the sen ten ces with the past perfect or the pas t perfect progressive of the verbs in brackets ? 1.

had been talking 2.

had been working 3. had worked

had been applying 5.

had broken 6.

had been standing 7.

had swaI I owed 8.

had been

II.

Comp Iete the following sentences according to the given situation 1.

■

has been empty ■

had been working for the company 3.

had been waiting for me for half an hour 4.

had had Iunch 5.

had left 6.

has been Iiving 7.

had repa i red the engine 8. had told

VI. Explain the underIi ned phrasaI verbs i n your own words.

1? encountered 2. cause

3. agreed to

4. Iimited to

5. id Iing about

6. re I i ed on

7. tolera te

8. deserted/abandoned

111?Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

had seen returned didn't have didn't have

had done was didn*t have did

left had was

decided picked went sI ammed

felt had r eminded had searched found

remembered were

IV. Comp Iete the fol lowing sentences with shaI I, should, wi I I or wouId?

1.wiI I

2.sha I I

3.ShouId (ShouId ministers decide = If ministers should decide)

4.wou I d

5.wi I I (Will expresses strong intention?)

6.sha I I (When shaI I is used with the thi rd person, it suggests strong determination.)

7.shou I d

8.should

9.would (Here, we use would not to say that Mary i s unwi I I ing to or refuses to Ii sten to the doctor.)

10.would (St ressed v/ou I d i s used to crit icize. It mea ns "it is typica I of you-** )

V. FiI I in each bIank with a word or phrase taken from the box?

1.nowadays

2.ages ago

3.I ately, just

4.soon, after a long time

5.i mmed i ate Iy, EventuaI Iy

6.once

7.recen tly

8.for weeks

VI? Make sentences of your ov/n after the sentences given below, keeping the italici zed parts in your sentences.

1? After standing in the queue for hours, we got good seats.

I always feel better after talking to you.

2.You look as if you knew each other?

He lay still, as if shot?

Translation exercises

I.Translate the fol lov/ing sentences into Chinese?

1.我几乎每天都步行到邮局、图书馆或书店，心情特别不错的时候，路过罗斯?杰可斯咖啡店还会进去喝上一杯卡布奇诺。

2.为了省力不走路，我们宁可大费周折。

3.我肯定，他天天长跑，会打壁球，还会进行各种各样有益健康的运动，但我同样也肯定，他去健身时每次都是开车去的。

4.当时我真是觉得又好气又好笑，但后来我意识到，可能也就只有我一个人想要步行通过那个十字路口。

II.Trans late the fol lowing sentences into English, using the v/ords given in brackets.

1? The uni vers i ty is one of the most venerab I e instituti ons of higher I ear ning i n the worId?2.I f one i s def i c i ent i n pract i ca I exper i ence, he can hard I y make h i mse I f a success with only what he has acqu i red i n cI ass?

3.I feIt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had to finish writing the monograph by the end of this week?

4.He feels that it is Iudicrous to wr ite on a contemporary theme in an ancient style.

5.The Bund i n Shangha i was a p I ace where young coup I es I i ked to come to coo i n the 70s and the 80s of the last century.

6.His daughter is very sedate for a gi r I of about ten, for she I ikes reading more than playing.

7.The coup I e stro I I ed hand- i n-hand a I ong the coun try road when the sun in it s f i rs t splendor steeped the earth.

8.The poet was commonly cons i dered as an eccentr ic romantic genius when a I i ve?

III.Trans I ate the fol lowing passage into Chinese?

大约三年前，我和我妻子对大城市的嘈杂生活感到厌倦，因此，决定在一个小镇落户，那里安静宜人。现在我们的生活很好，因为这地方方便，办点事步行去就行。我经常四处走走，心情好的吋候，在咖啡店歇一下，喝杯饮料，或在洲际戏院停住脚步，看一场戏。但是，有些人似乎不理解我的怪僻行为。我喜欢尽可能地多走路，这是大部分人所不能理解的，因为他们太过于依赖车子了。有时，几乎到了荒唐滑稽的程度，即便只是10分钟步行的路程，他们仍然喜欢驾车。有时，我在独自散步，他们会问我是否需要搭车。但我认为，车子使腿脚功能退化。在这个社会里，多数派占据主导地位。我意识到，我或许是唯一主张短距离步行的人.这也就是我不时地遇到麻烦的原因。比如：许多商店把门前清理出来，只容顾客停车，店家关心的只是商业成功。

Exercises for integratod skills

l? Dietat ion scr ipt

Rece nt ly in the Uni ted Stat es, / t here has been a deba te con cer ning old dr i vers ? / There have been a ser ies of accidents/ committed by elder ly dr i vers/ and they have given r i se to new deba tes on the old i ssue:/ how old is too old to dr i ve/ Some peop I e point to st at is ti cs/ showing that o Ider dr i vers are safer t han teenagers, / at leas t until t hey reach seven ty - five ? / Moreover, elderly drivers are less I ike I yt o drive drunk/ than other dr ivers? However, at least tv/enty-one states/ have special requi rements on older dr ivers:/ those over sixty-five and older/ are requi red to renew thei r driving Ii cense every year/ and undertake v i s ion tests. / Tak i ng away a I icense can rob older people of their independence/ and force them to rely on others/ for trips to the grocery store or doctor's office?/ Some people argue/ whether someone continues to drive or not/ should be based on performanee/ not just simply age?

II. Fi I I in each bla nk in the passage be I ow with ONE word you t hink appropr i a te.

⑴more (2) around

⑶free ⑷ leave

⑸programs (6) ease

⑺it (8) s i gned

⑼env i ronmentaI (10) handing

(11) only (12) With

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