unit 1 meeting and seening off - 副本

头衔怎么译？

“长”字通常译为chief, head, director, president, chairman, commander, commissioner等词。

国家的司长、局长、——chief of the...department(bureau),

国务院直属局的局长——chief of the...administration,

处长—— Division Chief

区长—— administration chief of ...district,

县长—— head of a county,

乡长—— head of ...township,

村长—— village head,

队长——Leader; Captain

中小学校长——head of a

secondary/primary school, 副校长（中小学）?

火车站站长——head of a station,

代表团团长——head of a delegation head waiter/chef/gardener etc

用director,如：

研究院院长、研究所所长——director of an institute,

医院院长——director of a hospital,

厂长——factory director

finance/marketing/sales etc director

用president,如：

中国科学院（包括社会科学院、农业科学院、林业科学院、医学科学院等）院长

——president of the Chinese academy of ...,

大学校长——president of a university,

各种协会、学会会长或理事长——president of an association/society/council,

董事长——president of a company。

副省长Vice Governor

代省长Acting Governor

副市长Deputy Mayor

副书记Deputy Secretary

副部长（党委系统）Deputy Head

副部长(国务院) Vice-Minister

副部长（企业或事业单位）Deputy Director 副处长Deputy (Division) Chief

副局长Deputy Director

副局长(部级副部级局) Deputy Director－General

副科长Deputy (Section) Chief

副秘书长Deputy Secretary-General

副审计长Deputy Auditor General

副署长Deputy Director General

副司长Deputy Director

副所长Deputy Head; Deputy Director

副县长Deputy County Chief; Deputy Chief of xx County; Deputy Chief

副站长Deputy (Station) Chief

副镇长Deputy (Town) Chief

译“副”字时，要注意英语的习惯搭配。

一般来说，vice与president, premier, chairman, minister, governor搭配; deputy与director, chief, head secretary, dean, mayor搭配；

sub-与commissioner, dean, head, chief, editor, master, chairman, principal搭配。

党委书记Secretary of Party Committee; Secretary of CPC Committee

党支部书记Secretary of Party Branch; Secretary of CPC Branch

企业"老总"的译法

"董事长"、"总经理"、"总裁"的怎么译？

a board of directors

我国《公司法》规定，董事长是公司的法定代表人，而总经理则是公司日常事务的最高管理人员。按一般理解，我国的"董事长"可译为Chairman of Board；Board Chairman ；Chairman （意即：董事会主席，日本、韩国称：会长，港台又称"董事局主席"），

在美国，正规的上市公司中常见的公司高层领导职位包括：

它们之间的关系为：

Chairman (董事长) 是公司董事会的领导，其职责具有组织、协调、代表的性质。董事长的权力在董事会职责范围之内，不管理公司

的具体业务，一般也不进行个人决策，只在董事会开会或董事会专门委员会开会时才

享有与其他董事同等的投票权。纯粹的Chairman比中国的董事长拥有的权力小得多。

Chief Executive Officer（首席执行官）,简写CEO，由公司董事会任命，并对董事会负责，是公司的行政首脑，是企业内部最具执行、管理、决策权力的人。

美国一般由Chairman兼任CEO。在这种情况下，与中国的那些兼任总经理的董事长地位比较接近。

President（一般译为"总裁"）：类似我国的总经理职务，在美国，一般是一些大公司或集团公司设这一职位，如微软公司总裁

President of Microsoft Corporation、微软大中国区总裁President of Microsoft China,

总结：President 一般作为CEO的备用继任人，他的权限在General Manager之上，如微软大中国区总裁是微软中国有限公司总经理的顶头上司。

Chief Operating Officer (首席运营官)，简写COO, 是公司的具体业务经营管理者。COO 应该和President是同一职位，一般都以兼任的形式合二为一，如果设成不同职位的话，那么，他就是具体负责执行某一事业部或某一经营领域的决策，在确保完成目标的前提下享有灵活处理的权力。

Vice President (副总裁) 作为总裁的助手分管一个或几个事业部门。

General Manager (总经理)，在不设President 的小公司里，General Manager 就是日常事务总管，与我国的总经理对等，在设President 的大公司里，其地位介于部门经理(department manager)和President之间。

Executive Director (执行董事）: 在美国的董事会下都设有一个执行委员会（该委员会主席大多数情况下就是CEO），作为董事会闭会期间的常设机构，实际上它起着对公司业务进行监督和领导职能，而执行董事也就作为CEO的副手参与到公司管理中来。

Managing Director：具有管理职能的董事。CEO 代表公司的最高决策者，而President、Vice President与财务总监（Treasurer；Chief Financial Officer）、公司执行秘书（Secretary）

则组成了公司的日常管理班子。Executive Director 和Managing Director 如果也参与到公司管理中来，则往往兼任President , 或Vice President。

再回过头来看中国，在公司的高层领导职位中一般只有法定的"董事长"（小公司则称"执行董事"）和"总经理"。在这种情况下，可将"董事长"和Board Chairman，"总经理"和General Manager进行一一对应；如有必要注明董事长和总经理哪个是最高决策者，则可以在其后加上"&CEO"。如有些上市公司，董事长不定期来公司上班，在公司里最有影响力的个人是总经理，这时候，该总经理就可以称为"General Manager & CEO"。

近来，我们还常听到"总裁"这个新名词。这个职位一般出现在大公司里，而且其公司管理结构国际化程度较高。以下我们用举例的方式说明"总裁"的译法。

1．TCL集团董事长兼总裁Chairman and President of TCL

2．四川长虹集团，其领导层中居第一位的是：董事长、总裁兼首席执行官=>Chairman，President & CEO；第二位是"副董事长、执行总裁"=> Vice Chairman & Executive President 然后接下去是多个"董事兼执行副总裁"=> Director & Executive Vice President 再接下去是各个分公司的总经理

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Unit 2 单元测试题 Ⅳ.单项选择(每小题1分，共10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 ( ) 16. Paul usually has breakfast ______ seven o’clock. A. in B. at C. on D. for ( ) 17. Alan always gets up late and then goes to school, so he ______ eats breakfast. A. always B. usually C. never D. sometimes ( ) 18. Miss Brown plays volleyball ______ runs before breakfast. A. or B. but C. so D. then ( ) 19. What ______ your father usually do after work? A. is B. do C. does D. am ( ) 20. —______ do you go to school every day? —I go to school at half past seven. A. Where B. Who C. What D. When ( ) 21. I like the beef soup because it ______ nice. A. tastes B. sounds C. looks D. gets ( ) 22. We need to ______ after eating to have good teeth. A. get up B. brush our teeth C. get dressed D. do our homework ( ) 23. Sam has a relaxing ______. He only works on weekends.

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I. 完形填空 (15分) 阅读下面短文，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In some provinces of Canada, people celebrate Family Day on the third Monday of February. It is a holiday 1 gives families the chance (机会) to spend time together. On Family Day, many people plan and 2 activities with their families. These activities 3 visiting art museums, watching movies, playing games and holding parties. Some communities (社区) plan special public 4 , too. 5 the weather is usually very cold in February, some people 6 choose to stay at home. Hot chocolate and freshly made cookies are 7 favorite snacks. Other people use the long weekend as a chance to take a short 8 break, or to travel to visit friends. On Family Day, most people have a(n) 9 off work or school. Many stores and supermarkets are 10, but post offices may be open. Buses run 11 their usual timetables (时刻表). Family Day was first 12 in Canada in the province of Alberta in 1990. It was held to show the 13 of family to people in Alberta.

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unit2单元测试题

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