Australia immigration history

Introduction outline

Topic sentence:

Since World War Two, the Australian modern economic construction was being with several of Immigration policies which set up by different needs from diverse economic profile of migrants, and the debate from that hybrid was inevitable for almost half a century of unitary country under ‘white policy’.

Background statements:

Following the establishment of Federal Government, the Australian politicians owned ‘Immigration Restriction Act’ in order to keep white Australia pu re, thus Australia restricted extremely the entrance of unwelcome immigrants. After World War Two, considering the development of society, Australian government begun to allow the immigrants from all over the world rather than unitary ‘Anglo-Celtic’ immigr ants.

Issue

There are two main important reasons from two periods with regular to the alterations later World War Two, one of it was for prompting industry, fulfilling international obligations in the duration of 1945 to 1972 through the immigrates of labors, refugees who with weak economic profile. The other one was gathering greater profit in long-term development by moneyed business migrants, students from 1972 up to present.

Thesis statement:

Additionally rising immigration quota from ‘wide-ranging p olicies’ had been an issue of intense debated due to the conflict concerning environment, recourse, social stability and so on

Body outline

Part 1 Heading

Key factor:Several aspects of relatively backward after World War Two, in 1945 to 1972 Australia got trouble in ‘a new obsession with boosting population through industrial development replaced the concern for land settlement, so that lots of weak economic profile migrants were accepted Reasons: the rebuild of public accommodation so that heavey projects had to confront the problems for shortage of cheap labor force

- The construction of public road

- The back of large overseas troops retired made the housing problem

For

The post-war Labor government was draw up the formulation and implementation of large-scale migration projects

Against

Dramatically increasing immigration also brought respectable malpractice for environment and resources

Part 2 Heading

Key factor: In 1945 to 1972 the other large-scale impecunious emigrant was from the ‘Colombo Plan’ who taken sanctuary.

Reasons:

‘Colombo Plan’

A. Culver tended the migration plan to refugee

For

Culver played an important role for Australian diverse immigration scheme

Against

Still in defense of ‘White policy’

Link

The ‘White policy’ was diluted within the public as time gone.

Part 3 Heading

Key factor:

After 1973 the abolition of ‘White policy’, Australian government had to ‘cast a wider net’ for sufficient population and long-term development, inside that, what could not be ignored were business migrants and students especially from Asian.

Reasons:

One of the reasons was growing status of Asian countries in the international affairs achieved

majorities of opportunities for Australia.

Against : caused significant improvement on commercial crime

The other reason was Australia obtain enough confidence to stable the society which the main stream of British migration with diverse groups.

Conclusion:

On conclusion, different immigration with backgrounds of economic profile was accepted by Australian under dissimilar period which been adequate for post-war reconstruction or economic recovery of long-term promotion for Australian modern construction. Because of creative change from ‘barely tolerable or prohibited’ to ‘acceptable and encouraged’, [12] different migration groups could be an organic element for Australian evaluative process. Moreover in the advanced Australian every immigration with any economic profile all done and will keep on contributing more brilliant tomorrow.

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Culture of Australia In this class, I want to know something about Australia. The culture of Australia is essentially a western culture influenced by the unique geography of the Australian continent. I want to know such as the location and geography, demography, linguistic affiliation, history and ethnic relations. I like Australia and I hope one day I can go there to see its beautiful view. Because Australia living in the first-class level of education in today's world, every year it attracts a large number of international students to Australia Post-graduate. Stepping into Australia's five schools on the top, we will find the Australian university education combines American-style opened ethos and continuation of the traditional British education. P ersonnel’s training provides a relaxed learning space, and it’s a good academic atmosphere there. At last, the teacher taught us the grammar of English, some idioms in English and played some videos about Australia. In teaching, the teacher taught in English from beginning to the end which made us improve our own listening. We thank the teacher and I hope his class will be better and better. That’s all I wanted. Now I will give the teacher some advice. Teachers stressed the importance of constructing and understanding the situational factors. Under the guidance of a teacher, the students explore the social and cultural values to reflect on why some culture can be popular for a long time, and how it became a product of the times. Students' thinking and values will changes to make a re-interpretation about how different the groups of culture are. Students explore the culture points to the audience about how to influence the culture. Students’ sensitive cultural prejudices are changed. Students will realize l the diversity of the national culture of each country.

澳大利亚TAFE职业教育模式及启示

澳大利亚TAFE职业教育模式及启示 郝惠珍梁文霞(河北师范大学外语学院) 摘要：本文介绍了澳大利亚TAFE的概况、组织结构、培养目标、课程设置、教育模式等，总结了TAF职业教育的特色，分析了中澳两国职业教育存在的差异，从而得出了一些对我国职业教育有益的启示，以期对我国的职业教育起到借鉴作用。 关键词：职业教育教育模式对比启示 澳大利亚是个注重教育的国家，教育质量具有世界一流水准。其教育体系分为三个层次：初级教育、中等教育和高等教育。中等教育分为义务教育和高中教育，高中教育包括普通高中教育与初级的技术和继续教育(TAFE的初级阶段)；高等教育有普通大学教育与高级技术和继续教育(TAFE的高级阶段)。TAFE(技术与继续教育学院)是三级教育中最大的部门，是澳大利亚高等教育的主力军，给澳大利亚各行各业输送了大量的优秀人才，为澳大利亚的建设和发展起到了不可估量的作用。本文拟介绍澳大利亚TAFE(Technical And Further Education)的概况、教育行政体系、课程设置、教育模式、培养目标等，总结TAFE职业教育的特色，分析对比中澳两国职业教育所存在的差异，从而得出一些有益于我国职业教育的启示。 一、TAFE简介 TAFE是澳大利亚政府直接领导下的技术和继续教育的简称。它是澳大利亚政府为了解决学校人才培养与就业市场之间的接口问题而建立的一个教育体系，是建立在终身教育理念基础上的具有鲜明特色的职业教育制度，旨在为各行业培养有实际工作能力的人才。 澳大利亚的技术与继续教育学院设有11所学院，129所专科学院，共50多万名学生和2万多名教职工。TAFE是全国性认可与互通的职业培训教育体制，虽然各州的TAFE有它们各自的行政体系、课程设置，但它们的性质和特点是一致的，主要提供专业技能的训练课程，大部分课程都具实用性。TAFE的很多课程是与工业团体共同开办的，课程设置根据工业集团的需要开设，以确保提供最切合实际的训练和最新的专业信息。TAFE所有的文凭资格是全国互通与承认的，专科文凭课程也受到各大学的认可，这些学生在继续攻读大学学位时可以免修部分学分。 TAFE学院招生没有年龄限制。在澳洲，政府鼓励人们不断学习。学生群体中既有十几岁的中学毕业生；也有七八十岁的老人，只要你学习，TAFE就给你提供一切机会和便利。 TAFE学院的职业教育和培训种类繁多，为劳动者提供所需技能培训，包括专业、非专业、高级技师、技师及操作员等不同层次。澳大利亚政府规定各个行业中，技能要求高的工作岗位必须持有职业证书才能就业，即使是大学本科以上学历的毕业生，也必须先取得TAFE培训相应证书，才能就业。而且在澳洲，各行业都有自己的职业标准和相应的培训标准，在职人员都要定期参加相应的职业培训，以便不断更新知识，掌握本行应的培训标准，在职人员都要定期参加相应的职业培训，以便不断更新知识，掌握本行业最新技术和了解本行业的最新发展动态。从澳大利亚的教育体系（图1）中不难看出技术与继续教育在澳大利亚教育体制中的重要性。

澳大利亚英文介绍

澳大利亚英文介绍 Australia Australia is a island country .It is located in Oceania between the Indian Ocean and the South Ocean. The Australian Aborigines’arrival is the binging of Australia about 50 000 years ago. European countries did not know whether there was a continent , Australia ,before 1768.So they drew a hypothetical map, in which there was a Terra Australia .In 1768,James Cook traveled Cape Horn of South American .He continued his travel toward west .He got to New Zealand .Then he found Australia at west. When the earth and human society appeared was called the Dreamtime. During the Dreamtime, the Rainbow Serpent made laws: people can not eat his animal totem . Bushranging means thieving from law-abiding citizens while living in the Australia Outback. There are two different places we should attention .One is the Cape Horn in South American, the other is the Cape of Good Hope in Africa. Some people moved from Botany Bay to Jackson Port. They founded the city of Sydney, Jackson Port, Sydney Cove . In 1901,the colonies of Australia federated into a country . Australia Day is celebrated annually in January 26. There are some famous states and countries in Australia .Canberra is the capital of Australia. Sydney is the capital of New South Wales. Melbourne is the capital of Victoria .There are some states such as Queensland, Tasmania . There are two famous builds, Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbor Bridge. There are many animals in Australia , kangaroo and thylacine called marsupial animal ,ostrich and emu . How did people catch flying animals? They used boomerang . They also like music performed by didgeridoo . There is a famous song about Australia named Waltzing Matilda: Once a jolly swagman camped by a billabong

澳大利亚英文简介

1.The Location of Australia Australia is located in the south hemisphere, between equatorial South East Asia and the Antarctic.It's the largest island in the world and the smallest flattest and dried continent in the world . Being isolated from other major landmasses, Australia is a land of natural wonders . It's famous as a homeland of so many unique animals. Such as kangaroo, platypus, koala, and wombat.The Great Dividing Range , the Great Barrier Reef, Ayers Rock, the Twelves Apostles, the Gold Coast are all the wonderlands of Australia attracting many visitors around the world. 2.The history of British Colonization Historically, Australia was a stolen land, stolen by the British colonists from the hands of its original owners---the Australian aborigines. These aborigines have been living in Australia for at least 18500 generations . they belong to over 500 different groups and have diversified aboriginal culture traditions.But as they all believe in dreaming or dream time . They are also called the Peoples of Dreaming. In 1788, the British colonists arrived in Australia in the First Fleet and announced the land to be Terra Nullius. Meaning an unowned wasteland. This name legitimate British colonization of Australia. Since then, convicts or criminals were transported to Australia and a number of

australia中英文简介

australia中英文简介 澳大利亚——一个格外美丽的国家 Australia is a land of exceptional beauty. It is the world’s smallest continent and largest island, and a relatively young nation established in an ancient land. A series of geological and historical accidents has made Australia one of the world’s most attractive countries from the tourist’s viewpoint. This country has a land area of 7,686,850 square kilometers and its coastline is 36,735 kilometers. 澳大利亚是一个格外美丽的国家。这是世界上最小的洲，也是世界上最大的岛，是在古老 的土地上建立起来的较为年轻的国家。一系列的地貌变化和历史事件让澳洲成了旅游者眼中 世界上最吸引人的国家之一。这个国家的陆地面积为7686850平方公里，海岸线长达36735 公里。 The vast movements of the earth’s crust created a vast land of Australia, isolated it and positioned it across the tropical and temperate climatic zones. This land has a small population, which left enormous areas unspoiled. Here you witness an astonishing variety of environments, from desert to rain forest, tropical beach to white snowfield, from big, sophisticated cities to vast uninhabited areas. The tourist will admire a wide array

australia中英文简介

澳大利亚——一个格外美丽的国家 Australia is a land of exceptional beauty. It is the world’s smallest continent and largest island, and a relatively young nation established in an ancient land. A series of geological and historical accidents has made Australia one of the world’s most attractive countries from the tourist’s viewpoint. This country has a land area of 7,686,850 square kilometers and its coastline is 36,735 kilometers. 澳大利亚是一个格外美丽的国家。这是世界上最小的洲，也是世界上最大的岛，是在古老的土地上建立起来的较为年轻的国家。一系列的地貌变化和历史事件让澳洲成了旅游者眼中世界上最吸引人的国家之一。这个国家的陆地面积为7686850平方公里，海岸线长达36735公里。 The vast movements of the earth’s crust created a vast land of Australia, isolated it and positioned it across the tropical and temperate climatic zones. This land has a small population, which left enormous areas unspoiled. Here you witness an astonishing variety of environments, from desert to rain forest, tropical beach to white snowfield, from big, sophisticated cities to vast uninhabited areas. The tourist will admire a wide array of unique and intriguing fauna and flora, comfortable and sunny climate, and an interesting, cosmopolitan and friendly people. 地壳的剧烈运动造就了澳大利亚独特的地貌，它幅员辽阔、与大陆分离、地处温、热带地区的国家。由于澳大利亚人口稀少，大片土地仍未开发。游客在澳大利亚可以观赏到各种地形风貌，从沙漠到热带雨林，从地处热带的海滩到白雪皑皑的田野，从扑朔迷离的大都市到人迹罕至的旷野，景观各异，令人叹为观止。澳大利亚境内有各种珍禽异兽和奇花异草，这里的阳光充足，气候宜人，当地人民富有情趣又和蔼友善，他们对待游客颇有四海一家的胸襟。所有的这一切令前来观光的游客赞不绝口。 Many of its world-renowned attractions are specific, such as the Great Barrier Feef, Ayers Rock, Kakadu National Park, and Sydney Opera House. Others are general, such as its thousands of kilometers of superb beaches and large skiing resorts. 澳大利亚有许多举世闻名、景观独特的旅游胜地，如大堡礁，艾尔斯岩、卡喀杜国家公园和悉尼歌剧院等。此外，澳大利亚还有长达几千公里堪称一流的海滩、大型滑雪场等吸引游客的场所。 Tourism is a major industry in Australia, representing about six per cent of the gross domestic product and providing, directly or indirectly, around 440,000 jobs. More than two million tourists visit Australia each year, spending about $4,000 million, it is worth mentioning that the number of tourists from China is on the rise in recent years. 旅游业是澳大利亚的一大主要产业，产值约占国内生产总值的6%，旅游业直接或间接地为澳大利亚人提供了44万个就业机会。每年来此观光的游客超过两百万人，这些游客在澳大利亚的消费高达40亿澳元。值得一提的是，来澳观光的中国游客人数近年来呈上升趋势。To promote the development of its tourist industry, Australia has tourist offices in many cities around the world, including Auckland, Chicago, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, London, Los Angeles, New York, Singapore, Tokyo and Toronto. Official tourist offices are in all Australian capitals and some regional centers, providing a range of services for visitors. Many smaller towns have their own offices. 为了促进旅游业的发展，澳大利亚在世界各地的许多城市设立了办事处，其中包括奥克兰、芝加哥、法兰克福、香港、伦敦、洛杉矶、纽约、新加坡、东京和多伦多等城市。澳大利亚各州首府和一些地区中心城市都设有官方旅游局，为游客提供各种服务。许多小型城市也设有旅游办事处。

英语国家概况-澳大利亚篇中英翻译

第三十章澳大利亚经济 Chapter 30 The Economy Ⅰ.工业 Manufacturing Industry 澳大利亚的制造业以制砖开始。86%的制造业为小企业。 Manufacturing in Australia began with the making of bricks. It is estimated that 86% of all manufacturing firms are small businesses. 在世界的总格局中，澳大利亚的制造业是独特的。它的特点包括下面几点: In a world context Australian manufacturing is unique. Its features include the following: 1)效率低Inefficiency 澳大利亚的市场有限，它在地理上与外界的隔绝以及很高的关税壁垒是影响澳大利亚工业效率的几个因素。 Australia's limited local market, its geographical isolation and high levels of tariff protection are the factors that affect the efficiency of Australian manufacturing. 效率最低并且最受保护的工业是汽车、纺织、服装和制鞋工业。 The industries that are most inefficient and most highly protected are automobile, textiles, clothing and footwear industries. 2)高度集中Concentration 在过去20年里，大的联合企业在澳大利亚经济中一直起中心作用。 Over the last 20 years large conglomerates have been given a central role in the Australian economy. 整个钢铁工业由一个公司控制，这就是布洛肯·希尔专卖。 The entire steel industry is in the hands of one company, the Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP). 3)外国投资Foreign investment 澳大利亚的制造业在很大程度上依靠外国投资。外资公司比他们的澳大利亚同行获利多。 Australian manufacturing relies heavily on foreign investment. Companies that are foreign-owned tend to be more profitable than their Australian counterparts. Ⅱ.农业 Agriculture 200年前，澳大利亚是一个没有农业的大陆。今天，农业却是这个国家的最大的和最多样化的行业。澳大利亚是世界上粮食和天然纤维的主要生产国之一。