形容词与副词1

形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法

1．原级的构成和用法

l)构成：形容词，副词的原级形式是形容词，副词的原形．

2)用法：表示双方在程度，性质，特征等某方面相等时，用“as

十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“

not so (as)十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构；表示一方是另一方

的若干倍时，用“倍数十as十原级形容词或副词十

as”的结构．

例如：

This building looks not so (as) high as that one．

Ms．Sun speaks English as fluently as you．

This room is three times as large as that one.

2．比较级和最高级的构成和用法

1)比较级和最高级的构成：

①单音节形容词以及少数以- er，- ow结尾的形容词和副词加

“er”，“est”．例如：

great greater greatest narrow narrower

narrowest

fast faster fastest clever cleverer cleverest

②以e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以- ble，- ple

结尾的双音节形容词和副词后，加“r”，“st”.例如：

large larger largest able abler ablest

simple simpler simplest

③以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词，其前的元音字母发短元音

时，该辅音字母要双写，然后加“er”，“est”.例如：

hot hotter hottest ④以辅音加y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加ly构成的副词要将y改为i，再加“er”，“est”，例如：

easy easier easiest early earlier earliest

happy happier happiest

⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前加more或

most．例如：

beautiful more beautiful most beautiful

carefully more carefully most carefully

⑥少数单音节形容词也加more和most构成比较级和最高

级。例如：

tired more tired most tired pleased more pleased most

pleased

⑦下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法．

cruel crueler cruelest

more cruel most cruel

often oftener oftenest

more often most often

strict stricter strictest

more strict most strict

friendly friendlier friendliest

more friendly most friendly

⑧下列形容词，副词的比较级和最高级的构成不规则．

good，well better best

bad, ill worse worst

mant，much more most

little less least

far farther farthest

further furthest

old elder／older eldest／oldest

2)比较级的用法

①双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级十than”的结

构表示．例如：

This pen is better than that one.

②表示一方不及另一方时，用“less十原级十than”的结构表

示．例如：

This room is less beautiful than that one．

③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较前加表示程度的状语，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，by far等修饰．例

如：

He works even harder than before．

注意：英语的比较级前如无even，still，或yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”或不译出，一般不可用“更”，如：

She is better than she was yesterday．她比昨天好些了．

Please come earlier tomorrow．请明天早点来．注意：by far 通常用于强调最高级．用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在

二者中间加“the”．如

He is taller by far than his brother.

He is by far the taller of the two brothers.

④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the 十比较级(主语十谓语)，the 十

比较级(主语十谓语)”的结构．例如：

The harder he works，the happier he feels．

⑤不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级十and十比较级”

的结构．例如：

The weather is getting colder and colder.

The girl becomes more and more beautiful．

⑥某些以一or结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替

than．(这些词有inferior，superior，junior，senior，prior等．例如：

He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics．

⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that(those)，

one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。

that指物，one既可指人，也可指物．that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词.例如：

The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.

A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood．

⑧表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：

A) A is three(four，ete) times the size(height，length，width，ete)

of B．例如；

The new building is four times the size( the height) of the old

one．

这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三

倍])．

B) A is three(four，etc) times as big(high，long，wide，etc．) as

B．例如：

Asia is four times as lareg as Europe，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大．(亚

洲比欧洲大三倍．)

C) A is three(four，etc．) times bigger ( higher，longer，wider，

etc．) than B．

例如：Your school is three times bigger than ours，

你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍．(你们的学校是我们学校的

四倍大．)

用times表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍

以上的数．表示两倍可以用twice或double

3)最高级的用法

①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the十最高级”的结构表示．这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语．例如：

Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three．

He works (the) hardest in his class.

②最高级可被序数词以及much，by far，nearly，almost，by no

means，not quite，not

really，nothing like等词语所修饰. 例如：

This hat is by far／much／nearly／almost／not nearly／by no

means/not quite／nothing like the biggest．

How much did the second most expensive hat coat?

③表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect

等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级．

④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修

饰的词往往省略．

He is the tallest(boy) in his class．

⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词．例如

0f all the boys he came(the) earliest．

（一）形容词和副词的用法

1. 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词。

在句中主要做定语和表语等成分。做定语时修饰名词或代词（一般为不定代词），修饰名词时常放于名词前，修饰不定代词时常放于不定代词后，做表语时和系动词（简称系词）连用，构成一个系表结构。例如：

Can you hear the loud noise? （定语）你听见大的吵闹声了吗？

The noise is very loud . （表语）吵声很大

The quiet girl is my sister. （定语）那个安静的女孩是我妹妹。

My sister looks very quiet . （表语）我妹妹看起来很安静。

He lives a happy life. （定语）他过着幸福生活。

He feels happy. （表语）他感觉很快乐。

There is something wrong with the car. （定语）这个小车出毛病了。

I have nothing new to tell you. （定语）我没什么新东西告诉你。

Do you have anything interesting to tell us? （定语）你有一些有趣的东西告诉

我们吗？

2. 常和形容词连用构成系表结构的连系动词有：

look （看起来，看上去），feel （感觉），taste （尝起来），smell （闻

起来），get

（变得），turn（变），become（成为，变得），sound （听起来）等。

例如：The weather gets warmer and the trees turn green in spring.

春天天气变暖和了，树变绿了。

The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。

The soup taste nice. 这汤尝上去很好吃。

You look fine. 你看起来气色很好。

3. 副词是用以修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句的词例如：

The men and the women walk quickly. 这些男女走得很快。

The children walk slowly. 孩子们走得很慢。

They often laugh loudly. 他们经常大声地笑。

They do their homework quietly. 他们安静地做作业。

Unluckily he hurt his leg. 不幸的是，他伤了腿。

He runs too fast. 他跑得太快。

（二）形容词和副词的转化规则

1. 直接加ly. 如：

loud →loudly quiet →quietly slow →slowly quick→quickly careful →carefully wonderful →wonderfully

2. 以y结尾的形容词，去“y”为i再加ly. 例如：

happy →happily easy →easily hungry →hungrily heavy →heavily

3. 有的形容词和副词同形

late, early, fast , high 等

例如：He was late. （形容词）他晚了

He came late .（副词）他来晚了。

A train is fast. （形容词）火车快。

A train runs fast . （副词）火车跑得快。

The building is high. （形容词）这个楼高。

He jumps high. （副词）他跳得高

（三）注意的几点

1. true 的副词为truly. 例如：

It is true. 这是真的。

I’m truly sorry for it . 对此事我真的抱歉。

2. hard本身为副词，猛烈的或努力的。形容词时为难的，与difficult同义。例

如：

It is raining hard. （副词）雨下得很大。（相当于heavily）

Maths is hard / difficult. （形容词）数学难

3. enough 的用法：

enough做形容词修饰名词可放于名词前也可以放名词后。例如：

作副词修饰形容词或副词必须后置。例如：

He is old enough to go to work. 他足够大可以去工作了。

He runs fast enough. 他跑的足够快。

It’s hot enough to go swimming. 天气真够热，可以去游泳

高中英语形容词和副词精讲

语法复习专题四——形容词和副词 备考建议： 1．从几年来收集到的题目中可以看出高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下两点： (1)形容词的比较级和最高级； (2)在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义。 另外，考查形容词作定语时的语序问题的试题也不少。 2．对于比较级的考查，淡化结构，注重深层语义。“比较”的意思并不是直接能从“结构”中看出来的，而是从语句的深层意义中挖掘出来的。 3．在加强考查词义辨析的题目中，高考不但加强了对语义的考查(而不仅仅是语法)，随着新教材词汇量的增大，而且注重对词汇扩展能力的考查。 要做好各类有关形容词和副词的试题应从这几方面去努力： 1．对单音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成、双音节和多音节的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级的构成，要加强记忆、找出其中规律；灵活掌握修饰比较级和最高级的副词和一些短语。 2．对某些副词的词义还需进一步认识，多数形容词在加-ly后，词义基本不变，而有些则不同，如：hard—hardly. 3．加强形容词、副词比较级考点的学习与应用，尤其是比较级在某些特定结构中的特殊含义，比较级及其修饰语的搭配和用法。巧记名词前多个形容词的排列顺序，形容词、副词等在不同语境下的辨析，要不断地提高分析试题的能力，克服思维定势，灵活运用所学的知识。 (1)加强对比较级和最高级表达法的学习，尤其是一些常见的句型，要做到张口能诵的程度。在理解上，不能留任何疑点。 (2)加强对形容词和副词的词义和用法的学习，要做到“词不离句，句不离义”。做题时，要结合语境，注意惯用法和固定搭配认真辨析从而做出最佳选择。 (3)判断句子成分，如果是作定语、表语等，一般是用形容词；如果是作状语、修饰谓语动词或形容词和副词，一般应用副词。但注意也有特殊情况，如形容词(短语)可作伴随或结果状语。 (4)分清句子结构，看看该句应该用原级、比较级还是最高级。 (5)注意特殊的含有形容词比较级的句型。 考点聚焦 1、形容词、副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记； （1）形容词短语作定语，定语后置。如：a language difficult to master （2）表语形容词（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作定语，定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、faint、ill只作表语。sick 既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”。 （3）用作定语，修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时，通常后置。如：I have something important to tell you.

英语形容词名词动词-副词-互变方法规律

英语形容词，名词，动词，副词互变方法规律 一．名词变形容词： 1．名词后加-y, 如： luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy; rain→rainy; sun→sunny, snow→snowy noise-noisy health→healthy 2．在名词后加-ly, 如： friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily 3．方位名词加-ern，如： east→eastern west→western south→southern north→northern 二．动词变形容词 1.词尾加ful: use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful, thank - thankful peace - peaceful, forget - forgetful, play - playful,

succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful 2.词尾加d或ed: please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited, surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed, wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed, appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated, interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used, frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled, pollute - polluted 3.词尾加ing: interest - interesting, surprise - surprising, excite - exciting develop - developing, frighten - frightening, thrill - thyrilling

形容词变副词练习黄莺

形容词变副词练习黄莺 TTA standardization office【TTA 5AB- TTAK 08- TTA 2C】

请将下列形容词变为副词：(adv)______________ 2. terrible--(adv)_____________ 3. comfortable-- (adv) _________ (adv) _____________ 5. simple-- (adv) _____________ (adv) ______________ (adv) ______________ 8. noisy--(adv) ______________ (adv) ______________ (adv) _____________ (adv) ____________ 12. shy--(adv) ______________ (adv) ______________ (adv) ______________ (adv) ______________ 16. polite-- (adv) _____________ (adv) ______________ 18. wise--(adv) ______________ (adv) _____________ (adv) ___________ (adv) ______________ 22.sad--(adv) ______________ 答案：1. possibly? 2. terribly? 3. comfortably? 4. gently? 5. simply 6. easily? 7. angrily? 8. noisily? 9. happily? 10. heavily? 11. healthily 13. dryly 14. well 15. truly 16. politely 17. nicely 18. wisely 19. basically 20. scientifically; 21. publicly 22. sadly 写出下列形容词副词的比较级和最高级： 1. tall_________ __________ 2. fast_________ __________ __________ _________ __________ 5. busy_________ __________ 6. early_________ __________ _________ __________ 8. big_________ __________ __________ __________ 11. good (well) _________ (badly) _________ __________ 13. far_________ __________ 14. much/many_________ __________ 15. little_________ __________ 16. few_________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ _________ __________ __________ 23. old_________ __________ 答案： 1. tall—taller—tallest —faster—fastest —larger—largest —nicer—nicest

形容词和副词专题

4．形容词和副词 4.1 形容词及其用法? 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。??１) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。 ?２) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:aｆｒａid 害怕的。 （错) He iｓ an ill man. （对）Ｔhｅ man is ill． （错） She is an afraid girl.? (对） Tｈｅｇirｌis afraid.?这类词还有： wｅlｌ，unｗｅll,ill,faiｎt，afraｉd，ａlikｅ，alｉｖe,ａlone，asleeｐ,awake 等。 3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾 的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如:?ｓoｍethiｎg nice? 4．２以－lｙ结尾的形容词 ?1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 frieｎdly,deａdly,lｏveｌy,loｎeｌy,li ｋely,ｌiｖeｌｙ，ｕgly,ｂｒotherly,仍为形容词。 改错：（错) Shｅｓａng lovely. (错）Hｅｓpoke tｏ me vｅｒｙ friendly. （对) Her sｉnｇｉｎg was lovelｙ. （对） Hｅ spoke to ｍe in a very frｉenｄｌy way.?2）有些以－ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。? daｉlｙ，weekly,monｔhly，yｅａｒly,eaｒｌｙ? Thｅ Timｅs ｉs ａｄailｙ pａｐer. Ｔhe Timeｓ is ｐublished ｄaily． 4.3 用形容词表示类别和整体 ?1）某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：ｔhe dea ｄ,ｔｈｅ lｉvｉｎg,the rich,ｔhe poor,the blind,ｔhe ｈuｎgry? The poor arｅ losｉｎｇhope. 2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。 the Ｂritish，the Englｉsh，tｈe French,ｔhｅ Cｈｉneｓe．? ThｅＥn ｇｌｉsh hａｖe wonderful seｎse ｏｆｈuｍor. 4.4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：?限定词-－数词－-描绘词--(大小，长短，形状,新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词?ａsmall roｕnd table a ｔaｌl graｙ buildiｎg? a dｉrｔy old bｒｏwn shirt a famｏｕs Gerｍan mediｃaｌschｏoｌ?ａn expensive Ｊａpａneｓe

英语形容词-名词-动词-副词-互变方法规律

英语形容词-名词-动词-副词-互变方法规律

英语形容词，名词，动词，副词互变方法规律 一．名词变形容词： 1．名词后加-y, 如： luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy; rain→rainy; sun→sunny, snow→snowy noise-noisy health→healthy 2．在名词后加-ly, 如： friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily 3．方位名词加-ern，如： east→eastern west→western south→southern north→northern 二．动词变形容词 1.词尾加ful: use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful, thank - thankful peace - peaceful,

forget - forgetful, play - playful, succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful 2.词尾加d或ed: please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited, surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed, wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed, appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated, interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used, frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled, pollute - polluted 3.词尾加ing:

形容词变副词规律总结

形容词变副词规律总结（图表）已仔细核对，无错误，可放心下载

1. Mrs White smiled _____ ( happy) when she received a present from her daughter. 2. Why do you think you did so ___________(terribe)in your test?

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