考研英语2010 text1

2010 text1

辞藻华丽的母子时期的行文方式【联系上下文】

年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译

2010年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译真题译文+题目翻译 但为君故 但为君故 整理组

Text 1 在过去的25年英语报纸所发生的变化中，影响最深远的可能就是它们对艺术方面的报道在范围上毫无疑问的缩小了，而且这些报道的严肃程度也绝对降低了。 对于年龄低于40岁的普通读者来讲，让他们想象一下当年可以在许多大城市报纸上读到精品的文艺评论简直几乎是天方夜谭。然而，在20世纪出版的最重要的文艺评论集中，人们读到的大部分评论文章都是从报纸上收集而来。现在，如果读到这些集子，人们肯定会惊诧，当年这般渊博深奥的内容竟然被认为适合发表在大众日报中。 从20世纪早期到二战以前，当时的英国报纸上的评论主题广泛，包罗万象，我们现在离此类报纸评论越来越远。当时的报纸极其便宜，人们把高雅时尚的文艺批评当作是所刊登报纸的一个亮点。在那些遥远的年代，各大报刊的评论家们都会不遗余力地详尽报道他们所报道的事情，这在当时被视为是理所当然的事情。他们的写作是件严肃的事情，人们相信：甚至那些博学低调不喜欢炫耀的评论家，比如George Bernard Shaw和Ernest Newman也知道自己在做什么（即他们的文章会高调出现在报纸上）。这些批评家们相信报刊评论是一项职业，并且对于他们的文章能够在报纸上发表感到很自豪。“鉴于几乎没有作家能拥有足够的智慧或文学天赋以保证他们在新闻报纸写作中站稳脚跟”，Newman曾写道，“我倾向于把‘新闻写作’定义为不受读者欢迎的作家用来嘲讽受读者欢迎的作家的一个‘轻蔑之词’” 不幸的是，这些批评家们现在实际上已被人们遗忘。从1917年开始一直到1975年去世不久前还在为曼彻斯特《卫报》写文章的Neville Cardus，如今仅仅作为一个撰写关于板球比赛文章的作家被人们所知。但是，在他的一生当中，他也是英国首屈一指的古典音乐评论家之一。他也是一位深受读者青睐的文体家，所以1947年他的《自传》一书就成为热销读物。1967年他被授予爵士称号，也是第一位获此殊荣的音乐评论家。然而，他的书现在只有一本可以在市面上买到。他大量的音乐批评，除了专门研究音乐评论的人以外，已鲜为人知。 Cardus的评论有没有机会重新流行？前景似乎渺茫。在他去世之前，新闻业的品味早已改变很长时间了，而且他所擅长的措词华丽的维多利亚爱德华时期的散文风格对后现代的读者没有什么用处。何况，由业余爱好者作音乐批评的传统早已经成为昨日黄花了。 21. 第一段和第二段指出 A 文艺评论已经从大城市的报纸上消失了 B 英文报纸过去常刊登更多文艺评论方面的文章

【Selected】2010考研英语一阅读及答案.doc

TeGt1（20GG） OfallthechangesthathavetaAenplaceinEnglish-languagenewspapers duringthepastquarter-century,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeenthei neGorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage. Itisdifficulttothepointofimpossibilityfortheaveragereaderunderthea geoffortytoimagineatimewhenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundin mostbig-citynewspapers.Yetaconsiderablenumberofthemostsignificantc ollectionsofcriticismpublishedinthe20thcenturyconsistedinlargepartofne wspaperreviews.ToreadsuchbooAstodayistomarvelatthefactthattheirlear nedcontentswereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulatio ndailies. Weareevenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusednewspaperreviewspub lishedinEnglandbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWa rII,atatimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsid eredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhichitappeared.Inthosefar-offdays ,itwastaAenforgrantedthatthecriticsofmajorpaperswouldwriteindetailan datlengthabouttheeventstheycovered.Theirswasaseriousbusiness,andev enthosereviewerswhoworetheirlearninglightly,liAeGeorgeBernardShawa ndErnestNewman,couldbetrustedtoAnowwhattheywereabout.Theseme nbelievedinjournalismasacalling,andwereproudtobepublishedinthedaily press.“Sofewauthorshavebrainsenoughorliterarygiftenoughto Aeepthei rownendupinjournali sm,”Newmanwrote,“thatIamtemptedtodefine‘jo urnalism’as‘atermofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoarenotreadtowrite rswhoare.’”

2010年考研英语阅读理解真题第3篇 The Accidental Influentials

2010年考研英语阅读理解真题 Text 3 The Accidental Influentials In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the action of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. 在《引爆流行》这本书中，作者Malcolm Gladwell 认为社会流行潮流在很大程度上是由一小部分特殊个体的行为引起的。这些人就是人们常说的影响者。他们异乎寻常的博闻多识，能言善辩，人脉广泛。 The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread. 从直觉上讲Malcolm Gladwell的理论似乎很有说服力，但是它没有解释流行观念的实际传播过程。 The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the "two step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. 人们之所以认为影响者很重要，是源于"两级传播"理论。即信息先从媒体流向影响者，然后再从影响者流向其他人。这一理论看似合理，但未经验证。Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. 营销人员接受两级传播理论是因为该理论认为如果能够找到影响者，并对他们施加影响。这些精英们就会替他们完成大部分的营销传播工作。 The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. 这一理论似乎还可以解释某些装扮、品牌或社区为何会突然受到出乎意料的追捧。

2010考研英语一阅读及答案

Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage. It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies. We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.’” Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists. Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enj oy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat. 21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that __________. [A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers. [B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews. [C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers. [D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies. 22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by __________. [A] free themes.[B] casual style. [C] elaborate layout. [D] radical viewpoints. 23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on? [A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals. [B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists. [C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism. [D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing. 24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs? [A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today. [B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute. [C] His style caters largely to modern specialists. [D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition. 25. What would be the best title for the text? [A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days [B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers [C] Mournful Decline of Journalism [D] Prominent Critics in Memory

2010年考研英语一真题及参考答案

2010年考研英语一 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank.and mark[A]，[B]，[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting __1__ workers productivity. Instead，the studies ended__2__ giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect” the extremely influential idea the very__3__to being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior The idea arose because of the__4__behavior of the women in the plant.According to __5__of the experiments their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6__what was done in the experiment. __7__something was changed productivity rose . A(n) __8__ that they were being experimented upon seemed to be __9__to alter workers' behavior __10__ itself After several decades，the same data were __11__to econometric the analysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 12 the descriptions on record，no systematic __13__was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to __14__interpretation of what happened.__15__，lighting was always changed on a Sunday When work started again on Monday, output __16__ rose compared with the previous Saturday and __17__ to rise for the next couple of days __18__ ，a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers __19__to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case，before __20__a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect” is hard to pin down 1.[A] affected [B]achieved [C]extracted [D]restored 2. [A]at [B]up [C]with [D]off 3. [A]truth [B]sight [C]act [D]proof 4. [A]controversial [B]perplexing [C]mischievous [D]ambiguous 5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C]accounts [D]assessments 6. [A]conclude [B]matter [C]indicate [D]work 7. [A]as far as [B]for fear that [C]in case that [D]so long as 8. [A]awareness [B]expectation [C]sentiment [D]illusion 9. [A]suitable [B]excessive [C]enough [D]abundant 10. [A]about [B]for [C]on [D]by

2010考研英语一阅读及答案

Text 1（2010） Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage. It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies. We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism, Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are writers who are.’” Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists. oy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enj changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat. 21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that __________. [A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers. [B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews. [C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers. [D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies. 22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by __________. [A] free themes.[B] casual style. [C] elaborate layout. [D] radical viewpoints. 23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on? [A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals. [B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists. [C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism. [D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing. 24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs? [A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today. [B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute. [C] His style caters largely to modern specialists. [D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition. 25. What would be the best title for the text? [A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days [B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers [C] Mournful Decline of Journalism [D] Prominent Critics in Memory

2014考研英语阅读理解原文之英语一text4

2014考研英语阅读理解原文之英语一text4 Illiberal Education and the 'Heart of the Matter' A new report on the humanities and social sciences misses a big reason they're in trouble. By PETER BERKOWITZ June 30, 2013 6:27 p.m. ET 'The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report's failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good. In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences asking that it identify actions that could be taken by "federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others" to "maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education." In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences, with Duke University President Richard Brodhead and retired Exelon CEO John Rowe as co-chairmen. Among the commission's 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism. The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students' ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st

2010考研英语二真题答案超详解析

2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 points) The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic_____1_____ by the World Health Organization in 41 years. The heightened alert _____2_____an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_____3_____in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere. But the epidemic is "_____4_____" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general, _____5_____ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the _____6_____ of any medical treatment. The outbreak came to global_____7_____in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_____8_____healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to _____9_____in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world. In the United States, new cases seemed to fade_____10_____warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was _____11_____flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the_____12_____tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. In the U.S., it has_____13_____more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations. Federal health officials_____14_____Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began_____15_____orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is ____16_____ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those _____17_____doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not_____18_____for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other _____19_____. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people _____20_____infants and healthy young people. 1 [A] criticized [B] appointed [C]commented [D] designated 2 [A] proceeded [B] activated [C] followed [D] prompted 3 [A] digits [B] numbers [C] amounts [D] sums 4 [A] moderate [B] normal [C] unusual [D] extreme 5 [A] with [B] in [C] from [D] by 6 [A] progress [B] absence [C] presence [D] favor 7 [A] reality [B] phenomenon [C] concept [D] notice 8. [A]over [B] for [C] among [D] to 9 [A] stay up [B] crop up [C] fill up [D] cover up 10 [A] as [B] if [C] unless [D] until 11 [A] excessive [B] enormous [C] significant [D]magnificent 12 [A]categories [B] examples [C] patterns [D] samples 13 [A] imparted [B] immerse [C] injected [D] infected 14 [A] released [B] relayed [C] relieved [D] remained 15 [A] placing [B] delivering [C] taking [D] giving 16 [A] feasible [B] available [C] reliable [D] applicable 17 [A] prevalent [B] principal [C] innovative [D] initial